539 lines
65 KiB
XML
539 lines
65 KiB
XML
<document id="AFAE29A1C9AAE0525C212550BA5A25CF" ID-CLB-Dataset="24723" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4704.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4bc9a2a0-5eb7-4a14-aa2a-013ccd6ca4b1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563576" ID-ZooBank="0AF043C6-38E4-4546-A7FB-C43BAC5A9837" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575538080228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Smith, David G., Bogorodsky, Sergey V., Mal, Ahmad O. & Alpermann, Tilman J." docDate="2019" docId="A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4704.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4704 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gymnothorax cinerascens" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="5476FFC4FF816927FFCDFF93FFC2FFDC" masterDocTitle="Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698772232398" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="858BD61681415A9B40F22F383B9D91B6">
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<mods:title id="1912F2CC59C9E845C2F155EDBA846240">Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="24A07EF905DA06E272761FDBDBF67922" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="32F7E47342A7A9164419662A7B5C0D07">Smith, David G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EDDF443AB47D504B240746CCD25B702A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="06B0D52AE5489A1A2A65645A56945EC0">Bogorodsky, Sergey V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="18EA706E1513409C2946AFA559DDF9B3">Mal, Ahmad O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="7A65EC5A30596F5579854B6122EDC38F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AD08CE6266159E88E18E9B1F3D1F2247">Alpermann, Tilman J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F241026308D69A463D91BFA41A6052BE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B4BBD45D77278252F0AB0575E53CEB06">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2ED2EA2FF5D0D26A52A330888C2CA603">
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<mods:date id="929001870F3AE0B58256B9039DB9A022">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="949B4680991D6FD024E1B19F13E1899D">2019-12-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DCB6602630871663E0774D2D23C4ACF8">4704</mods:number>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160630843" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF946932FF5AFCD6FC8DFC83" box="[151,847,837,864]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFCD6FC8DFC83" blockId="21.[151,847,837,899]" box="[151,847,837,864]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<heading id="7B1181C6FF946932FF5AFCD6FC8DFC83" bold="true" box="[151,847,837,864]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFCD6FC8DFC83" bold="true" box="[151,847,837,864]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF946932FF5AFCD6FD50FC83" ID-CoL="44L2W" authority="(Ruppell 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[151,658,837,864]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
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<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFCD6FE16FC83" bold="true" box="[151,468,837,864]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gymnothorax cinerascens</emphasis>
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(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FE2EFCD6FD48FC83" author="Ruppell, W. P. E. S." box="[483,650,837,863]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref55418" refString="Ruppell, W. P. E. S. (1830) Atlas zu der Reise im nordlichen Afrika. Fische des Rothen Meers. Heinrich Ludwig Bronner, Frankfurt am Main, 141 pp." type="book" year="1830">Rüppell 1830</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—Plain
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||
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF946932FD37FCD6FC8DFC83" box="[762,847,837,863]" country="United Kingdom" name="Moray" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Moray</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF946932FF5AFCFAFE5CFC5F" box="[151,414,873,899]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
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<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFCFAFE5CFC5F" blockId="21.[151,847,837,899]" box="[151,414,873,899]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF946932FF52FCFAFEDBFC5F" box="[159,281,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1974,1999]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,373,1954]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Gymnothorax cinerascens. A: Dumsuk I., Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia; B: KAUMM 397 [KAU13-116], 755 mm TL, Al Wajh bank, Saudi Arabia. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563598/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figures 11</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF946932FEE9FCFAFE80FC5F" box="[292,322,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1262,1287]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1243]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1435,174,1243]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gymnothorax cinerascens, SMF 35828 [KAU12-1085], 191 mm TL, Obhur, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A: drawing of upper jaw; B: drawing of head close-up; C: alive. Drawings by D.G. Smith, photo by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563600/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">12</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF946932FE83FCFAFEAEFC5F" box="[334,364,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1495,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1463]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,174,1476]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Gymnothorax cinerascens (A, C, E) and G. hepaticus (B, D, F). A: SMF 3486, 475 mm TL, holotype, Red Sea; B: SMF 3554, 535 mm TL, holotype, Red Sea; C & D: drawing of the head showing cephalic sensory system and position of third intermaxillary tooth and IO pore; E & F: drawing of the dentition on the upper jaw. Photos by S. Traenkner (A & B), drawings by D.G. Smith." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563614" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563614/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">19</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF946932FEB5FCFAFE57FC5F" box="[376,405,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1266,1291]" captionTargetBox="[158,1360,845,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1366,841,1246]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 20. Relationship of two characters to TL. A: preanal distance to TL; B: ratio between distances “third intermaxillary tooth-tip of snout” and “third intermaxillary tooth-vertical at anterior margin of eye” to TL. Open circle- G. cinerascens, solid circle- G. hepaticus. Drawing by T.J. Alpermann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563616/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">20</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF946932FF5AFC3DFCF8FB83" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFC3DFBFEFC19" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1119]" box="[151,1084,940,965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF946932FF5AFC3DFBFEFC19" box="[151,1084,940,965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF946932FF5AFC3DFDF7FC19" ID-CoL="44L2W" authority="Ruppell 1830: 120" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,565,940,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
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||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFC3DFEB0FC19" box="[151,370,942,965]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Muraena cinerascens</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FEB5FC3FFDF7FC19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587657" box="[376,565,940,965]" collectionCode="SMF" location="Mohila" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="SMF 3486" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Al Bahr al Ahmar" typeStatus="holotype">
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<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FEB5FC3FFDF7FC19" author="Ruppell, W. P. E. S." box="[376,565,940,965]" page="120" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1830">
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<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FEB5FC3FFDF7FC19" author="Ruppell, W. P. E. S." box="[376,565,940,965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref55418" refString="Ruppell, W. P. E. S. (1830) Atlas zu der Reise im nordlichen Afrika. Fische des Rothen Meers. Heinrich Ludwig Bronner, Frankfurt am Main, 141 pp." type="book" year="1830">Rüppell 1830: 120</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<location id="25396071FF946932FD8FFC3FFD4DFC19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FD8FFC3FFD4DFC19" box="[578,655,940,965]" name="Mohila" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Al Bahr al Ahmar">Mohila</location>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF946932FD57FC3FFD30FC19" box="[666,754,940,965]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
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).
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||
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF946932FCCFFC3FFCA2FC19" box="[770,864,940,965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
(unique),
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||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FC04FC3EFBFBFC19" box="[969,1081,940,965]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF 3486</specimenCode>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFC5FFD59FC38" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1119]" box="[151,667,971,996]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF946932FF5AFC5FFD59FC38" box="[151,667,971,996]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF946932FF5AFC5FFD88FC38" ID-CoL="44L3R" authority=": Bamber 1915: 478" authorityName=": Bamber" authorityPageNumber="478" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,586,971,996]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepatica">
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<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFC5FFE42FC38" box="[151,384,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gymnothorax hepatica</emphasis>
|
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FE40FC58FD88FC38" author="Bamber, R. C." box="[397,586,971,996]" page="478" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1915">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FE40FC58FD88FC38" author="Bamber, R. C." box="[397,586,971,996]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="477 - 485" refId="ref51588" refString="Bamber, R. C. (1915) Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S. - XXII. The Fishes. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 31 (210), 477 - 485. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1915. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1915">Bamber 1915: 478</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(part?).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFC79FBC7FBFD" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1119]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF946932FF5AFC79FBC7FBFD" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF946932FF5AFC79FE4BFBDE" ID-CoL="3HVCN" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[151,393,1002,1026]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFC79FE4BFBDE" box="[151,393,1002,1026]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gymnothorax hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(non Rüppell):
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FDE4FC79FD3AFBDF" author="Clark, E. & Ben-Tuvia, A. & Steinitz, H." box="[553,760,1002,1027]" page="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1968">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FDE4FC79FD3AFBDF" author="Clark, E. & Ben-Tuvia, A. & Steinitz, H." box="[553,760,1002,1027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="15 - 31" refId="ref52642" refString="Clark, E., Ben-Tuvia, A. & Steinitz, H. (1968) Observations on a coastal fish community, Dahlak Archipelago, Red Sea. Report of Israel South Red Sea Expedition, 30, 15 - 31." type="journal article" year="1968">
|
||
Clark
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FDAAFC78FD51FBDE" box="[615,659,1002,1026]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1968: 21
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(part?);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FC84FC78FBE3FBDE" author="Goren, M. & Dor, M." box="[841,1057,1003,1027]" page="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1994">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FC84FC78FBE3FBDE" author="Goren, M. & Dor, M." box="[841,1057,1003,1027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref53184" refString="Goren, M. & Dor, M. (1994) An updated checklist of the fishes of the Red Sea; CLOFRES II. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem, XII + 120 pp." type="book" year="1994">Goren & Dor 1994: 7</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(part?);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FBBAFC79FA5AFBDF" author="Randall, J. E. & Golani, D." box="[1143,1432,1002,1027]" page="859" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FBBAFC79FA5AFBDF" author="Randall, J. E. & Golani, D." box="[1143,1432,1002,1027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="849 - 880" refId="ref54991" refString="Randall, J. E. & Golani, D. (1995) Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 56 (3), 849 - 880." type="journal article" year="1995">Randall & Golani 1995: 859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FEC7FB9BFD89FBFD" author="Golani, D. & Bogorodsky, S. V." box="[266,587,1032,1057]" page="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FEC7FB9BFD89FBFD" author="Golani, D. & Bogorodsky, S. V." box="[266,587,1032,1057]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 135" refId="ref53080" refString="Golani, D. & Bogorodsky, S. V. (2010) The fishes of the Red Sea-reappraisal and updated checklist. Zootaxa, 2463, 1 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2463.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Golani & Bogorodsky 2010: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(part?);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FD65FB9BFC6CFBFD" author="Golani, D. & Fricke, R." box="[680,942,1032,1057]" page="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FD65FB9BFC6CFBFD" author="Golani, D. & Fricke, R." box="[680,942,1032,1057]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 215" refId="ref53124" refString="Golani, D. & Fricke, R. (2018) Checklist of the Red Sea fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants. Zootaxa, 4509 (1), 1 - 215." type="journal article" year="2018">Golani & Fricke 2018: 21</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(part?).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFBBBFD90FB9C" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1119]" box="[151,594,1064,1088]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF946932FF5AFBBBFD90FB9C" box="[151,594,1064,1088]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF946932FF5AFBBBFDC3FB9C" ID-CoL="3WL5M" authority="Dor 1984: 28" authorityName="Dor" authorityPageNumber="28" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,513,1064,1088]" family="Muraenidae" genus="Lycodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFBBBFEAFFB9C" box="[151,365,1064,1088]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lycodontis hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FEB7FBBBFDC3FB9C" author="Dor, M." box="[378,513,1064,1088]" page="28" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1984">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FEB7FBBBFDC3FB9C" author="Dor, M." box="[378,513,1064,1088]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref52775" refString="Dor, M. (1984) CLOFRES, Checklist of the Fishes of the Red Sea. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem, 437 pp." type="book" year="1984">Dor 1984: 28</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(part?).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFBD5FCF8FB83" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1119]" box="[151,826,1094,1119]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF946932FF5AFBD5FCF8FB83" box="[151,826,1094,1119]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF946932FF5AFBD5FE67FB82" ID-CoL="6L7L3" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[151,421,1094,1118]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monochrous">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFBD5FE67FB82" box="[151,421,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gymnothorax monochrous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non Bleeker):
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF946932FD88FBD5FD2BFB83" author="Khalaf, M. A." box="[581,745,1094,1119]" page="36" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF946932FD88FBD5FD2BFB83" author="Khalaf, M. A." box="[581,745,1094,1119]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="23 - 50" refId="ref53740" refString="Khalaf, M. A. (2004) Fish fauna of the Jordanian coast, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Marine Science, 15, 23 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.4197 / mar. 15 - 1.2" type="journal article" year="2004">Khalaf 2004: 36</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(part?).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF946932FF5AFB1EFE51FA1B" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF5AFB1EFE51FA1B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1164,2019]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF5AFB1EFE11FB7B" bold="true" box="[151,467,1164,1191]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Red Sea material.
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FEB9FB1FFE11FB7B" bold="true" box="[372,467,1164,1191]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Red Sea</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FE2FFB1EFCEDFB74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587678" box="[482,815,1164,1192]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Egypt" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="SMF 3486" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FE2FFB1EFD98FB7B" box="[482,602,1165,1191]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF 3486</specimenCode>
|
||
(1, 475,
|
||
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF946932FD72FB1EFCE4FB74" box="[703,806,1165,1192]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FCF7FB1FFB79FB7B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587733" box="[826,1211,1164,1191]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Egypt" location="Egypt" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="SMF185" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FCF7FB1FFC5EFB7B" box="[826,924,1164,1191]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF185</specimenCode>
|
||
(2 of 3, 176–253).
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FBB5FB1EFB79FB7B" bold="true" box="[1144,1211,1165,1191]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF946932FBB5FB1EFB79FB7B" box="[1144,1211,1165,1191]" name="Egypt" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FB07FB1EFE15FB10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587703" collectionCode="USNM" country="Egypt" location="Ghardaqa" municipality="Hurghada" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="USNM 166913" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FB07FB1EFAB4FB7B" box="[1226,1398,1165,1191]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">USNM 166913</specimenCode>
|
||
(1, 445),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FF11FB22FE8BFB17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FF11FB22FE8BFB17" box="[220,329,1201,1227]" country="Egypt" municipality="Hurghada" name="Ghardaqa" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ghardaqa</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FF946932FE97FB22FE0DFB10" box="[346,463,1201,1228]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hurghada</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FE29FB23FBB1FB17" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587692" box="[484,1139,1200,1227]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="Sudan" location="Suakin Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="BPBM 20758" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FE29FB23FDEDFB17" bold="true" box="[484,559,1200,1227]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF946932FE29FB23FDEDFB17" box="[484,559,1200,1227]" name="Sudan" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FD8CFB22FD1DFB17" box="[577,735,1200,1227]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">BPBM 20758</specimenCode>
|
||
(3, 225–385),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FC43FB22FBB1FB17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FC43FB22FBB1FB17" box="[910,1139,1201,1227]" country="Sudan" name="Suakin Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Suakin Archipelago</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FB4DFB23FD03FB33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587711" collectionCode="KAUMM, KAU" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAUMM 395, KAU12-290" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FB4DFB23FAD9FB17" bold="true" box="[1152,1307,1200,1227]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF946932FB4DFB23FAD9FB17" box="[1152,1307,1200,1227]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FAE3FB22FF03FB33" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAUMM 395</specimenCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FF02FB47FEA3FB33" box="[207,353,1236,1263]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU12-290</specimenCode>
|
||
] (1, 603),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FE1BFB46FD03FB33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FE1BFB46FD03FB33" box="[470,705,1237,1263]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Farasan Archipelago</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FD01FB46FAE0FB33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587811" box="[716,1314,1236,1264]" collectionCode="KAUMM, KAU" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Al Khoreybah" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAUMM 396, KAU13-643" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FD01FB46FCAEFB33" box="[716,876,1237,1263]" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAUMM 396</specimenCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FCB7FB47FBC9FB33" box="[890,1035,1236,1263]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU13-643</specimenCode>
|
||
] (1, 376),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FBB2FB46FAE0FB33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FBB2FB46FAE0FB33" box="[1151,1314,1237,1263]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Khoreybah" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Al Khoreybah</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FAE3FB46FD45FACF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587683" collectionCode="KAUMM, KAU" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Al Wajh" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAUMM 397, KAU13-116" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FAE3FB46FF03FACF" collectionCode="KAUMM" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAUMM 397</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FF19FB6AFEA3FAC8" box="[212,353,1273,1300]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU13-116</specimenCode>
|
||
) (1, 755),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FE2FFB6AFD80FACF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FE2FFB6AFD80FACF" box="[482,578,1273,1299]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Wajh" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Al Wajh</location>
|
||
bank
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FD5AFB6AFAC6FACF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587656" box="[663,1284,1272,1299]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Al Muwaylih" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="SMF 185" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FD5AFB6AFCC6FACF" box="[663,772,1272,1299]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF 185</specimenCode>
|
||
(2 of originally 3, 178–253),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FBAAFB6AFAC6FACF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FBAAFB6AFAC6FACF" box="[1127,1284,1273,1299]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Al Muwaylih" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Al Muwaylih</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FADEFB6AFD4BFAEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587691" collectionCode="SMF" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAU12-016" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFF946932FADEFB6AFA89FACF" box="[1299,1355,1273,1299]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
35808 [
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FF53FA8FFEEDFAEB" box="[158,303,1308,1335]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU12-016</specimenCode>
|
||
] (1, 675),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FE6DFA8EFD4BFAEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FE6DFA8EFD4BFAEB" box="[416,649,1309,1335]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Farasan Archipelago</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FD5EFA8EFACCFAEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587671" box="[659,1294,1308,1335]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAU12-247" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFF946932FD5EFA8EFD09FAEB" box="[659,715,1309,1335]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
35809 [
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FCEEFA8FFC76FAEB" box="[803,948,1308,1335]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU12-247</specimenCode>
|
||
] (1, 234),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FBE8FA8EFACCFAEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FBE8FA8EFACCFAEB" box="[1061,1294,1309,1335]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Farasan Archipelago</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FAD5FA8EFD58FA87" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587700" collectionCode="SMF" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAU12-416" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFF946932FAD5FA8EFA92FAEB" box="[1304,1360,1309,1335]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
35810 [
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FF53FAD3FEEDFA87" box="[158,303,1344,1371]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU12-416</specimenCode>
|
||
] (1, 890),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FE61FAD2FD58FA87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FE61FAD2FD58FA87" box="[428,666,1345,1371]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Farasan Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Farasan Archipelago</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FD65FAD2FAC4FA87" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587649" box="[680,1286,1344,1371]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Jeddah" municipality="Obhur" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAU12-1085" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFF946932FD65FAD2FD22FA87" box="[680,736,1345,1371]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
35828 [
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FC8DFAD3FC22FA87" box="[832,992,1344,1371]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU12-1085</specimenCode>
|
||
] (1, 191),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FB91FAD2FB6FFA87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FB91FAD2FB6FFA87" box="[1116,1197,1345,1371]" country="Saudi Arabia" municipality="Obhur" name="Jeddah" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Jeddah</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="C03DACD0FF946932FB76FAD2FAC4FA87" box="[1211,1286,1345,1371]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Obhur</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FAD9FAD2FD54FAA3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587707" collectionCode="SMF" country="Saudi Arabia" elevation="8" location="Dumsuk" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="KAU17-157" specimenCount="10" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFF946932FAD9FAD2FA8EFA87" box="[1300,1356,1345,1371]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
35875 [
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FF53FAF7FEEDFAA3" box="[158,303,1380,1407]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KAU17-157</specimenCode>
|
||
] (1, 569),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FE60FAF6FDCEFAA3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FE60FAF6FDCEFAA3" box="[429,524,1381,1407]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Dumsuk" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Dumsuk</location>
|
||
I.,
|
||
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF946932FDFAFAF6FD50FAA3" box="[567,658,1381,1407]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ABCBD199FF946932FDFAFAF6FD50FAA3" box="[567,658,1381,1407]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">
|
||
6–
|
||
<specimenCount id="36E0FD23FF946932FD99FAF6FD50FAA3" box="[596,658,1381,1407]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">10 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FD6DFAF6FC2EFAA3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587679" box="[672,1004,1381,1407]" country="Eritrea" location="Dahlak Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FD6DFAF6FD30FAA3" bold="true" box="[672,754,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF946932FD6DFAF6FD30FAA3" box="[672,754,1381,1407]" name="Eritrea" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FCC9FAF6FC2EFAA3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FCC9FAF6FC2EFAA3" box="[772,1004,1381,1407]" country="Eritrea" name="Dahlak Archipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Dahlak Archipelago</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FC34FAF6FF09FA7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587720" collectionCode="USNM" country="Eritrea" location="Difnein Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="USNM 312570" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FC34FAF6FB6AFAA3" box="[1017,1192,1380,1407]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">USNM 312570</specimenCode>
|
||
(1, 496),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FAD2FAF6FF09FA7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FAD2FAF6FF09FA7F" country="Eritrea" name="Difnein Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Difnein Island</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FF1AFA1AFD26FA7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587669" box="[215,740,1416,1443]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Eritrea" location="Sciumma Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="USNM 312571" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FF1AFA1AFE41FA7F" box="[215,387,1416,1443]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">USNM 312571</specimenCode>
|
||
(4, 309–450),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FDE6FA1AFD26FA7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FDE6FA1AFD26FA7F" box="[555,740,1417,1443]" country="Eritrea" name="Sciumma Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sciumma Island</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FD3DFA1AFB7CFA7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587676" box="[752,1214,1416,1443]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Eritrea" location="Delemmi" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="USNM 446881" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FD3DFA1AFC5FFA7F" box="[752,925,1417,1443]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">USNM 446881</specimenCode>
|
||
(16, 221–592),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FB9FFA1AFB7CFA7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FB9FFA1AFB7CFA7F" box="[1106,1214,1417,1443]" country="Eritrea" name="Delemmi" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Delemmi</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF946932FB07FA1AFE52FA1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587684" collectionCode="USNM" country="Eritrea" location="Melita Bay" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="USNM 312569" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF946932FB07FA1AFAB4FA7F" box="[1226,1398,1416,1443]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">USNM 312569</specimenCode>
|
||
(3, 301–795),
|
||
<location id="25396071FF946932FEDCFA3EFE52FA1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF94693FFF5AFCD6FE4FFDC7:25396071FF946932FEDCFA3EFE52FA1B" box="[273,400,1453,1479]" country="Eritrea" name="Melita Bay" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Melita Bay</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF946932FF0AFA43FCCCF98B" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF0AFA43FCCCF98B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1164,2019]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF0AFA43FE80FA37" bold="true" box="[199,322,1488,1515]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Moderate-size moray, moderate in length and depth, tail relatively slender, head behind eye slightly elevated. Preanal length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF946932FE14FA66FDDAF9D3" box="[473,536,1525,1551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="2.2">2.2 in</quantity>
|
||
TL. Third intermaxillary tooth close to vertical at anterior margin of eye. Vomerine teeth biserial in adults. Head and body plain brown without markings; margin of dorsal and anal fins yellowish to yellow at tip of tail. Vertebrae 5–6 / 55–57 / 128–135.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF946930FF0AF9F3FDEDFAAF" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF0AF9F3FC6AF91F" blockId="21.[151,1437,1164,2019]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF946932FF0AF9F3FE9BF9A7" bold="true" box="[199,345,1632,1659]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
In TL: preanal length 2.0–2.2, predorsal length 7.5–10.4, head length 6.2–8.1, body depth at anus 15–23. In head length: snout length 5.3–6.6, eye diameter 8.6–13.8, upper-jaw length 2.2–3.6. Pores: LL 2, SO 3, IO 4, POM 6. Vertebrae: predorsal 5–6, preanal 55–57, total 128–135.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946932FF0AF95EFC9DF88F" blockId="21.[151,1437,1164,2019]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Body moderately elongate; anus at or slightly before midlength; dorsal-fin origin before gill opening; height of dorsal fin about one-third body depth. Jaws slender, of equal length, may be slightly hooked. Eye moderate, over middle of upper jaw. Anterior nostril tubular; posterior nostril with a raised rim, above anterior margin of eye. Third infraorbital pore slightly behind level of anterior margin of eye.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF946931FF0AF8CEFEC0FF27" blockId="21.[151,1437,1164,2019]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,153,359]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Teeth smooth, slender and pointed or blade-like. Intermaxillary teeth long and slender, in a single peripheral series, 3–6 on each side sometimes with a few much smaller teeth between; three slender, depressible median teeth; third intermaxillary tooth close to vertical through anterior margin of eye, ratio between distance from third intermaxillary tooth to tip of snout and distance from same tooth to anterior margin of eye 3.2–12.6. Maxilla with about 10–18 triangular teeth in a single row in large adults, smaller specimens with 1–3 larger inner teeth anteriorly. Dentary with 1–4 larger inner teeth and about 12–22 smaller outer teeth. Vomerine teeth biserial in adults, uniserial in young.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF976931FF0AFE96FC59FEBB" blockId="22.[151,1437,153,359]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF976931FF0AFE96FECAFEC3" box="[199,264,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Color</emphasis>
|
||
: body and fins dark brown, fins with yellow margin at tip of tail, yellowish or yellow more obscure with growth. Throat grooves darker brown. Head pores with a narrow dark margin. Iris in life reddish brown. Some smaller specimens light grayish brown with scattered dark markings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="74996622FF976931FF5AF825FCA2F82F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563598" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563598/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[151,250,1974,1999]" targetBox="[151,1436,373,1954]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF976931FF5AF825FCA2F82F" blockId="22.[151,1436,1974,2035]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF976931FF5AF825FEE2F813" bold="true" box="[151,288,1974,1999]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF976931FEEAF825FDF0F812" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[295,562,1974,1998]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF976931FEEAF825FDF0F812" box="[295,562,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Gymnothorax cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF976931FD8DF825FD90F813" bold="true" box="[576,594,1974,1999]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
: Dumsuk I., Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia;
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF976931FB82F824FBA2F813" bold="true" box="[1103,1120,1975,1999]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
: KAUMM 397 [KAU13-116], 755 mm TL, Al Wajh bank, Saudi Arabia. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="74996622FF966930FF5AFB7DFB6CFAF7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563600/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[151,250,1262,1287]" targetBox="[151,1435,185,1243]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF966930FF5AFB7DFB6CFAF7" blockId="23.[151,1436,1262,1323]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FF5AFB7DFEDDFADB" bold="true" box="[151,287,1262,1287]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FEE8FB7DFDECFADA" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[293,558,1262,1286]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FEE8FB7DFDECFADA" box="[293,558,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gymnothorax cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, SMF 35828 [KAU12-1085], 191 mm TL, Obhur, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FAC2FB7DFAE3FADB" bold="true" box="[1295,1313,1262,1287]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A</emphasis>
|
||
: drawing of upper jaw;
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FEC4FA80FED8FAF7" bold="true" box="[265,282,1299,1323]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B</emphasis>
|
||
: drawing of head close-up;
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FDFBFA81FD8AFAF7" bold="true" box="[566,584,1298,1323]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C</emphasis>
|
||
: alive. Drawings by D.G. Smith, photo by S.V. Bogorodsky.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF966930FF0AFACAFDEDFAAF" blockId="23.[151,1437,1369,2043]" box="[199,559,1369,1395]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Maximum size at least
|
||
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF966930FE06FACAFDE9FAAF" box="[459,555,1369,1395]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="890.0">890 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF966930FF0AFAEFFE45FA03" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF966930FF0AFAEFFE45FA03" blockId="23.[151,1437,1369,2043]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FF0AFAEFFE36FA4B" bold="true" box="[199,500,1404,1431]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Known with certainty only from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF966930FC6DFAEEFBC2FA4B" box="[928,1024,1405,1431]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
, where it occurs primarily in turbid, silty water, on dead reefs, and in sheltered areas at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF966930FCF6FA32FC51FA67" box="[827,915,1441,1467]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="1.0">
|
||
1–
|
||
<specimenCount id="36E0FD23FF966930FC98FA32FC51FA67" box="[853,915,1441,1467]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. More common in the southern part of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF966930FAA2FA32FF7DFA03" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
than in the north.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF96693FFF0AFA7AFE4FFDC7" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF966930FF0AFA7AFEACF80B" blockId="23.[151,1437,1369,2043]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FF0AFA7AFEF9F9DF" bold="true" box="[199,315,1513,1539]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species has long been considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FC63FA79FB27F9DF" authority="Ruppell" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1830" box="[942,1253,1513,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FC63FA79FBBCF9DF" box="[942,1150,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Muraena hepatica</emphasis>
|
||
Rüppell
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but our studies indicate that it is distinct, based on both morphological and genetic characters. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF966930FBAEF99EFB07F9FB" box="[1123,1221,1549,1575]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FB3DF99DFA5EF9FB" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1264,1436,1550,1575]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FB3DF99DFA5EF9FB" box="[1264,1436,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
actually belongs to the species most commonly reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FCE1F9A2FBF5F997" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[812,1079,1585,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FCE1F9A2FBF5F997" box="[812,1079,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gymnothorax hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FB65F9A2FAF7F997" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1192,1333,1585,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FB65F9A2FAF7F997" box="[1192,1333,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been redefined; see the account of that species for a more detailed explanation of the differences between the two species. Two of the specimens, SMF 35828 and SMF 35875 differ somewhat in their color pattern from the others (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF966930FAF1F9EAFA4DF94F" box="[1340,1423,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1262,1287]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1243]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1435,174,1243]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 12. Gymnothorax cinerascens, SMF 35828 [KAU12-1085], 191 mm TL, Obhur, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A: drawing of upper jaw; B: drawing of head close-up; C: alive. Drawings by D.G. Smith, photo by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563600/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). In preservative, they are medium brownish gray with scattered black markings. In life, SMF 35828 is pale brown speckled with dark brown, with edge of fins pale yellow. The live colors of SMF 35875 were not recorded, but it belongs to the same COI lineage as the other specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FCF8F976FC1EF923" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[821,988,1765,1791]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FCF8F976FC1EF923" box="[821,988,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF966930FBD4F976FBAEF923" box="[1049,1132,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="74.[151,250,152,177]" captionTargetId="figure@73.[367,1221,179,1955]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 48. Unrooted maximum likelihood phylogeny of Indo-Pacific moray eels (Muraenidae) based on partial mitochondrial COI. Branch support values were obtained by 100 bootstrapped replicates; only bootstrap values above 50 percent are shown. The scale bar represents average number of nucleotide substitutions. (A) = specimen sequenced in this study; (B) = sequence retrieved from BOLD; (C) sequence retrieved from CRIOBE; (G) = sequence retrieved from GenBank; (R) = sequence retrieved from Reece et al. (2010); (ID) = species ID re-assigned herein; (ID-H) = specimen re-assigned as of Huang et al. (2019); (SAU) = collected in Saudi Arabia; (ISR) = collected in Israel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3615487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3615487/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
), and we treat it here as an aberrant color pattern of that species. SMF 35828 was not tissue-sampled, but it agrees in most other characters, and we are placing it in this species. The specimens in SMF 185 were originally labeled as
|
||
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF966930FB66F8BEFACFF89B" box="[1195,1293,1837,1863]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FAFBF8BDFED9F8B7" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1830" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FAFBF8BDFED9F8B7" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Muraena cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF966930FE99F8C2FD9FF8B7" author="Bohlke, E. B. & Smith, D. G." box="[340,605,1873,1899]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="89 - 172" refId="ref52386" refString="Bohlke, E. B. & Smith, D. G. (2002) Type catalogue of Indo-Pacific Muraenidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 152, 89 - 172. https: // doi. org / 10.1635 / 0097 - 3157 (2002) 152 [0089: TCOIPM] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2002">Böhlke & Smith (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that they are not. They were listed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF966930FBABF8C2FAD2F8B7" author="Ruppell, W. P. E. S." box="[1126,1296,1872,1899]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref55493" refString="Ruppell, W. P. E. S. (1852) Verzeichniss der in dem Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft aufgestellten Sammlungen. Vierte Abtheilung: Fische und deren Skelette. Die Gesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, iv + 40 pp." type="book" year="1852">Rüppell (1852)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FAFBF8C1FE73F853" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="cinerascens" variety="umbrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FAFBF8C1FED9F853" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Muraena cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FE9FF8E6FE73F853" box="[338,433,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">umbrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but without a description or a reference to a description, leaving the name as a
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FAEBF8E5FF05F86F" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
, hence unavailable. SMF 185 contains three specimens; two of them are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FC22F80AFB56F86F" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1830" box="[1007,1172,1945,1971]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FC22F80AFB56F86F" box="[1007,1172,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and one is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FADDF80AFA5EF86F" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1296,1436,1945,1971]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FADDF80AFA5EF86F" box="[1296,1436,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(now SMF 35879).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF96693FFF0AF872FBBDFF27" blockId="23.[151,1437,1369,2043]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,153,539]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
For the phylogenetic analysis, no sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF966930FD2FF872FCB3F827" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[738,881,2017,2043]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF966930FD2FF872FCB3F827" box="[738,881,2017,2043]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other regions could be identified. The four sequences from the Red Sea showed very little variation and the next closely related species are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFB0FFF0AFF09FF0B" authority="(Bennett)" authorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFB0FFF0AFA94FF6F" box="[1218,1366,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bennett)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and an undescribed species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFDEFFF2EFD7EFF0B" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1795" box="[546,700,189,215]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFDEFFF2EFD7EFF0B" box="[546,700,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with collection locality Red Sea (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFBFEFF2EFBB7FF0B" box="[1075,1141,189,215]" name="Israel" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFB4DFF2EFAD8FF0B" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1795" box="[1152,1306,189,215]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFB4DFF2EFAD8FF0B" box="[1152,1306,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 5), with which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF2EFF72FEB2FF27" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[227,368,225,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF2EFF72FEB2FF27" box="[227,368,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was placed on a joint branch with moderately high bootstrap support.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AFE96FB39FE57" blockId="24.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Previous records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFE67FE96FD75FEC3" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[426,695,261,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFE67FE96FD75FEC3" box="[426,695,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF99693FFCCBFE96FCA1FEC3" box="[774,867,261,287]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
undoubtedly include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFB94FE96FAC2FEC3" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1830" box="[1113,1280,261,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFB94FE96FAC2FEC3" box="[1113,1280,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These specimens would have to be re-examined to determine their true identity. We can confirm that BPBM 20758 belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF5AFEDEFEFCFEBB" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,318,333,359]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFEDEFEFCFEBB" box="[151,318,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFE68FEDEFD74FEBB" author="Randall, J. E. & Golani, D." box="[421,694,332,359]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="849 - 880" refId="ref54991" refString="Randall, J. E. & Golani, D. (1995) Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 56 (3), 849 - 880." type="journal article" year="1995">Randall & Golani (1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF99693FFD0FFEDEFCC6FEBB" box="[706,772,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1544,1569]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,196,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,196,1476]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Echidna nebulosa. A: Dahab, Egypt; B: Dahab, Egypt. Photos by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563582/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) included a photograph of one of the specimens. It appears to be more common than the true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFDDFFEE2FD5DFE57" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[530,671,369,395]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFDDFFEE2FD5DFE57" box="[530,671,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is uncertain whether it occurs outside the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF99693FFB5AFEE2FB35FE57" box="[1175,1271,369,395]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AFE06FE4FFDC7" blockId="24.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF0AFE06FE2CFE73" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[199,494,405,431]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF0AFE06FE2CFE73" box="[199,494,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has rarely been mentioned in the literature.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFC2AFE06FB30FE73" author="Klunzinger, C. B." box="[999,1266,404,431]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="441 - 688" refId="ref53847" refString="Klunzinger, C. B. (1871) Synopsis der Fische des Rothen Meeres. II. Theil. Verhandlungen der K. - K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 21, 441 - 688. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1148" type="journal article" year="1871">Klunzinger (1871: 615)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included it (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF5AFE29FE48FE0F" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,394,442,467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinerascens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFE29FE48FE0F" box="[151,394,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Muraena cinerascens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFD90FE29FCEDFE0F" authorityName=": Klunzinger" authorityYear="1871" box="[605,815,441,467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFD90FE29FCEDFE0F" box="[605,815,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Muraena undulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although he suggested that it might be a separate species. However, he described it as having broad crossbands (“
|
||
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFCF6FE4DFB7AFE2B" box="[827,1208,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Körper mit breiten Querbändern”</emphasis>
|
||
), and it is obviously not Rüppell’s species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |