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<document id="7D2EB06945D7ECC8C6034671191EE2C1" ID-CLB-Dataset="24723" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4704.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4bc9a2a0-5eb7-4a14-aa2a-013ccd6ca4b1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563576" ID-ZooBank="0AF043C6-38E4-4546-A7FB-C43BAC5A9837" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575538080228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Smith, David G., Bogorodsky, Sergey V., Mal, Ahmad O. &amp; Alpermann, Tilman J." docDate="2019" docId="A84F87BCFF916936FF5AFA7DFE39FBCF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4704.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4704 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gymnothorax angusticauda" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="5476FFC4FF816927FFCDFF93FFC2FFDC" masterDocTitle="Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698772232398" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E04513AE91CD60A78D2CBBE1B455F51E">Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C5EBC61DDF0AADE0072CD81931C84E9C">Smith, David G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="10875AFA2E969507CE904EAA9E421BFA">Bogorodsky, Sergey V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F3E2423F2F0C094C7003660F6EFB1859">Mal, Ahmad O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EA5E0C9CF42C1EB107B7BA00AC24D472">Alpermann, Tilman J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="668E660ED30C83F2329D0D2625B0AC93">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F6B1F0033DB9C6B59248C53C8D626F20">
<mods:date id="9666F0AB952F66608B2878FB520A04A4">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="59D0C16D9B3B9564249FDBC9D51BE7A3">2019-12-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5BEF4A918407E87C72ED87758D1F6D84">4704</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A84F87BCFF916936FF5AFA7DFE39FBCF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5933451" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160630845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5933451" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF916936FF5AFA7DFE39FBCF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A84F87BCFF916936FF5AFA7DFE39FBCF" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF916937FF5AFA7DFBFEF9D5" box="[151,1084,1518,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF916937FF5AFA7DFBFEF9D5" blockId="16.[151,1084,1518,1580]" box="[151,1084,1518,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="7B1181C6FF916937FF5AFA7DFBFEF9D5" bold="true" box="[151,1084,1518,1545]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF5AFA7DFBFEF9D5" bold="true" box="[151,1084,1518,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF916937FF5AFA7DFC93F9D4" ID-CoL="6KVLC" authority="(Weber &amp; de Beaufort 1916)" baseAuthorityName="Weber &amp; de Beaufort" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[151,849,1518,1545]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angusticauda">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF5AFA7DFE2BF9D5" bold="true" box="[151,489,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnothorax angusticauda</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF916937FE34FA7DFC8BF9D4" author="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, L. F." box="[505,841,1518,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref56277" refString="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, L. F. (1916) The Fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. III. Ostariophysi: II Cyprinoidea, Apodes, Synbranchi. E. J. Brill, Leiden, xv + 455 pp." type="book" year="1916">Weber &amp; de Beaufort 1916</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
—Shorttail
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF916937FC2AFA7CFBFEF9D5" box="[999,1084,1519,1545]" country="United Kingdom" name="Moray" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Moray</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF916937FF5AF981FECAF9F0" box="[151,264,1554,1580]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF916937FF5AF981FECAF9F0" blockId="16.[151,1084,1518,1580]" box="[151,264,1554,1580]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
(
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF916937FF52F981FF3DF9F0" box="[159,255,1554,1580]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1977,2002]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1079,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,1079,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Gymnothorax angusticauda, SMF 34962 [KAU12-731], 383 mm TL, fresh specimen, Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Photo by S.V. Bogorodsky." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563592/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF916937FF5AF9C4FE16F917" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF916937FF5AF9C4FDBFF952" blockId="16.[151,1436,1622,1739]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF916937FF5AF9C4FDBFF952" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF916937FF5AF9C4FC4EF9B3" ID-CoL="44KZY" authority="Weber &amp; de Beaufort 1916: 389" authorityName="Weber &amp; de Beaufort" authorityPageNumber="389" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,908,1622,1647]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angusticauda" subGenus="Priodonophis">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF5AF9C4FF36F9B2" box="[151,244,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Muraena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FECBF9C4FE52F9B3" box="[262,400,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Priodonophis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FE6FF9C4FDE9F9B3" box="[418,555,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">angusticauda</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF916937FDF9F9C5FC4EF9B3" author="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, L. F." box="[564,908,1622,1647]" page="389" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1916">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF916937FDF9F9C5FC4EF9B3" author="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, L. F." box="[564,908,1622,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref56277" refString="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, L. F. (1916) The Fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. III. Ostariophysi: II Cyprinoidea, Apodes, Synbranchi. E. J. Brill, Leiden, xv + 455 pp." type="book" year="1916">Weber &amp; de Beaufort 1916: 389</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 388 (Near Supiori,
<collectorName id="8D13537CFF916937FB59F9C5FAD4F9B2" box="[1172,1302,1622,1647]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Schouten Is.</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF916937FAE8F9C4FED7F952" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
).
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF916937FEE8F9E6FE41F952" box="[293,387,1653,1678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(unique), ZMA
<date id="5458106AFF916937FDE7F9E6FDBBF952" box="[554,633,1653,1678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="62-10-21">
<collectingDate id="441CE982FF916937FDE7F9E6FDBBF952" box="[554,633,1653,1678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="62-10-21">102162</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF916937FF5AF907FE16F917" blockId="16.[151,1436,1622,1739]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF916937FF5AF907FE16F917" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF916937FF5AF907FD1FF970" ID-CoL="6KVLC" authority=": Randall &amp; Golani 1995: 854" authorityName=": Randall &amp; Golani" authorityPageNumber="854" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,733,1683,1708]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angusticauda">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF5AF907FE73F970" box="[151,433,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnothorax angusticauda</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF916937FE70F900FD1FF970" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D." box="[445,733,1683,1708]" page="854" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF916937FE70F900FD1FF970" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D." box="[445,733,1683,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="849 - 880" refId="ref54991" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D. (1995) Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 56 (3), 849 - 880." type="journal article" year="1995">Randall &amp; Golani 1995: 854</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Pl. 1a;
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF916937FCE0F900FBACF970" author="Golani, D. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. V." box="[813,1134,1683,1708]" page="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF916937FCE0F900FBACF970" author="Golani, D. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. V." box="[813,1134,1683,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 135" refId="ref53080" refString="Golani, D. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. V. (2010) The fishes of the Red Sea-reappraisal and updated checklist. Zootaxa, 2463, 1 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2463.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Golani &amp; Bogorodsky 2010: 10</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF916937FBB5F900FA5AF970" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6125190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6125190" author="Bogorodsky, S. V. &amp; Alpermann, T. J. &amp; Mal, A. O. &amp; Gabr, M. H." box="[1144,1432,1683,1708]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B37C1D6EFFA24857AEF2FBC3FD519DFD" page="411" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF916937FBB5F900FA5AF970" author="Bogorodsky, S. V. &amp; Alpermann, T. J. &amp; Mal, A. O. &amp; Gabr, M. H." box="[1144,1432,1683,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="401 - 437" refId="ref52053" refString="Bogorodsky, S. V., Alpermann, T. J., Mal, A. O. &amp; Gabr, M. H. (2014) Survey of demersal fishes from southern Saudi Arabia, with five new records for the Red Sea. Zootaxa, 3852 (4), 401 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3852.4.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Bogorodsky
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FB34F906FAE7F970" box="[1273,1317,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2014: 411
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF916937FF0AF921FE12F917" author="Golani, D. &amp; Fricke, R." box="[199,464,1714,1739]" page="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF916937FF0AF921FE12F917" author="Golani, D. &amp; Fricke, R." box="[199,464,1714,1739]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 215" refId="ref53124" refString="Golani, D. &amp; Fricke, R. (2018) Checklist of the Red Sea fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants. Zootaxa, 4509 (1), 1 - 215." type="journal article" year="2018">Golani &amp; Fricke 2018: 20</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF916937FF5AF96AFB6BF85C" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF916937FF5AF96AFF1AF8EB" blockId="16.[151,1437,1784,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF5AF96AFEABF8CF" bold="true" box="[151,361,1784,1811]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Red Sea material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF916937FEA2F96AFB8AF8CF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587899" box="[367,1096,1784,1812]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Egypt" location="Egypt" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="BPBM 19844" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FEA2F96AFE70F8CF" bold="true" box="[367,434,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF916937FEA2F96AFE70F8CF" box="[367,434,1785,1811]" name="Egypt" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Egypt</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF916937FE72F969FD9AF8CF" box="[447,600,1785,1812]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">BPBM 19844</specimenCode>
(2, 458–503), Nuweiba.
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FCA1F96BFBC0F8CF" bold="true" box="[876,1026,1784,1811]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF916937FCA1F96BFBC0F8CF" box="[876,1026,1784,1811]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="46F7AE6FFF916937FBDDF96AFB8AF8CF" box="[1040,1096,1785,1811]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">SMF</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF916937FB83F96AFF16F8EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587694" collectionCode="KAU" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Jizan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="KAU12-731" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jizan">
34962 [
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF916937FB6DF96BFAF3F8CF" box="[1184,1329,1784,1811]" collectionCode="KAU" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">KAU12-731</specimenCode>
] (1, 383),
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF916937FF5AF88EFF16F8EB" box="[151,212,1821,1847]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Jizan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Jizan</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF916937FF0AF8D3FB6BF85C" blockId="16.[151,1437,1784,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF0AF8D3FE1BF887" bold="true" box="[199,473,1856,1883]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Comparative material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF916937FE2CF8D2FC9BF880" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587737" box="[481,857,1857,1884]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Taiwan" location="Taiwan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="USNM 438183" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FE2CF8D2FDF4F887" bold="true" box="[481,566,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF916937FE2CF8D2FDF4F887" box="[481,566,1857,1883]" name="Taiwan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF916937FD8BF8D2FD31F887" box="[582,755,1857,1883]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">USNM 438183</specimenCode>
(1, 486)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF916937FCABF8D2FBBAF887" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587825" box="[870,1144,1856,1883]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Taiwan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="USNM 438650" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF916937FCABF8D2FBD1F887" box="[870,1043,1856,1883]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">USNM 438650</specimenCode>
(1, 547)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF916937FB48F8D2FA5AF887" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587761" box="[1157,1432,1856,1883]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Taiwan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="USNM 439078" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF916937FB48F8D2FAF1F887" box="[1157,1331,1857,1883]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">USNM 439078</specimenCode>
(1, 513)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF916937FF5AF8F7FDF5F8A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587744" box="[151,567,1892,1920]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Philippines" location="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="USNM 408880" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF5AF8F7FED8F8A3" bold="true" box="[151,282,1892,1919]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF916937FF5AF8F7FED8F8A3" box="[151,282,1892,1919]" name="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Philippines</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF916937FEE4F8F6FE17F8A3" box="[297,469,1893,1919]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">USNM 408880</specimenCode>
(1, 560)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF916937FD8FF8F6FC13F8A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587725" box="[578,977,1893,1920]" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Papua New Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="ZMA 102.062" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FD8FF8F6FCE6F8A3" bold="true" box="[578,804,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF916937FD8FF8F6FCE6F8A3" box="[578,804,1893,1919]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF916937FCFEF8F6FC13F8A3" box="[819,977,1893,1919]" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">ZMA 102.062</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
(1, 474,
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF916937FBFBF8F6FB5FF85C" box="[1078,1181,1893,1920]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF916936FF0AF81BFCCEFDC7" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF916937FF0AF81BFCA5F837" blockId="16.[151,1437,1784,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF916937FF0AF81BFE9BF87F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1928,1955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</emphasis>
In TL: preanal length 1.9–2.2, predorsal length 11–13, head length 8.0–9.8, body depth at anus 25–34. In head length: snout length 5.3–7.1, eye diameter 8.8–11, upper-jaw length 2.8–3.5. Pores: LL 2, SO 3, IO 4, POM 6. Vertebrae: predorsal 4, preanal 58–70, total 143–152.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF906936FF0AFF0AFCD3FEC3" blockId="17.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Body moderately elongate; anus near mid-length; dorsal fin begins slightly before gill opening; tail relatively slender. Head and jaws moderate, jaws closing completely. Eye well developed, at about midpoint of upper jaw. Gill opening nearly horizontal, midlateral. Anterior nostril tubular, reaches edge of lip when depressed; posterior nostril oval, with a slightly raised rim, over anterior part of eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF906936FF0AFEBAFC56FE73" blockId="17.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Teeth conical to narrowly triangular, finely serrate on posterior edge. Upper jaw with about 5 or 6 peripheral intermaxillary teeth, narrowly triangular, retrorse; 0–3 median teeth, conical. Maxillary teeth uniserial, about 7–14, similar in shape to intermaxillary teeth. Dentary teeth uniserial, similar in shape to those in upper jaw, with about 7–19 teeth on each side. Vomer with about 3–6 teeth in a single row.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF906936FF0AFE2AFBD0FE2B" blockId="17.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FF0AFE2AFECAFE0F" box="[199,264,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Color</emphasis>
: medium to light brown or tan, snout and lower jaw darker, abdomen sometimes white; head pores in conspicuous white spots, nostrils white; fins with narrow pale edge; iris yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF906936FF0AFD92FCCEFDC7" blockId="17.[151,1437,153,1043]" box="[199,780,512,539]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Of the ten known specimens, the largest is
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF906936FD65FD93FCCAFDC7" box="[680,776,512,539]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="560.0">560 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF906936FF0AFDB7FEB5FD2F" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF906936FF0AFDB7FEB5FD2F" blockId="17.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FF0AFDB7FE31FDE3" bold="true" box="[199,499,548,575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Known from the Red Sea,
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF906936FCE7FDB6FCBDFDE3" box="[810,895,549,575]" name="Taiwan" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, the
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF906936FC78FDB6FBF4FDE3" box="[949,1078,549,575]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Philippines</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF906936FB8FFDB6FB6DFDE3" box="[1090,1199,549,575]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF906936FB73FDB6FB2CFDE3" box="[1214,1262,549,575]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Bali</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF906936FAEAFDB6FA52FD9C" box="[1319,1424,549,576]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
), and
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF906936FF08FDDAFE5DFDBF" box="[197,415,585,611]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
. The two larger specimens from the Red Sea were collected in less than
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF906936FB78FDDBFB31FDBF" box="[1205,1267,584,611]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
from the fringing reef at Nuweiba. The smaller specimen was captured in a trawl at about
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF906936FC15FDFEFBD2FD5B" box="[984,1040,621,647]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
from the southern
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF906936FB12FDFEFAB0FD5B" box="[1247,1394,621,647]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
, off
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF906936FF5AFD02FF11FD77" box="[151,211,657,683]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Jizan" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Jizan</collectingRegion>
, from a sandy area close to the island. Information on depth and habitat is not available for the Philippine and Indonesian specimens.
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF906936FE57FD26FDF0FD13" author="Fricke, R." box="[410,562,692,719]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref52980" refString="Fricke, R. (2015) Twenty-one new records of fish species (Teleostei) from Madang and Papua New Guinea (western Pacific Ocean). Marine Biodiversity Records, 8, 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267215000445" type="journal article" year="2015">Fricke (2015)</bibRefCitation>
reported an additional specimen collected from a depth of
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF906936FB72FD27FB35FD13" box="[1215,1271,692,719]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
from
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF906936FAF4FD26FA5AFD13" box="[1337,1432,693,719]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Madang" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Madang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF906936FF5AFD4AFEB1FD2F" box="[151,371,729,755]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF906936FF0AFD6EFE39FBCF" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF906936FF0AFD6EFE39FBCF" blockId="17.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FF0AFD6EFEF9FCCB" bold="true" box="[199,315,765,791]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks.</emphasis>
The smallest trawled Red Sea specimen differs from all the other specimens in having the anus slightly behind midlength rather than slightly before. It also has more total vertebrae (152
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FB68FCB1FB7EFCE7" box="[1189,1212,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">vs</emphasis>
. 143–148) and distinctly more preanal vertebrae (70
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FDEFFCD5FDFBFC83" box="[546,569,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">vs</emphasis>
. 58–60). The other two Red Sea specimens do not differ in these characters from the western Pacific specimens. With the limited material available and without genetic information from other parts of the distribution area, we cannot assess the significance of these distinctions. In the COI-based phylogeny, the species is most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF906936FD84FC22FB77FC10" authority="(Temminck &amp; Schlegel)" authorityName="Temminck &amp; Schlegel" baseAuthorityName="Temminck &amp; Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[585,1205,945,972]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FD84FC22FC55FC17" box="[585,919,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Gymnothorax albimarginatus</emphasis>
(Temminck &amp; Schlegel)
</taxonomicName>
and an unidentified
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF906936FF5AFC46FEF3FC33" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1795" box="[151,305,981,1007]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FF5AFC46FEF3FC33" box="[151,305,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Gymnothorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species (
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF906936FE54FC46FDF1FC33" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1795" box="[409,563,981,1007]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF906936FE54FC46FDF1FC33" box="[409,563,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Gymnothorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 4, BOLD voucher of SBF244-11 collected from
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF906936FB4DFC46FACEFC2C" box="[1152,1292,981,1008]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
), with which it forms a well-supported clade.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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