448 lines
37 KiB
XML
448 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aac1a00b-ceaf-4b69-ad0c-ddb61c09151b" ID-PMC="PMC6881475" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-890-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" ID-PubMed="31798309" ID-ZooBank="FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-890-1" checkinTime="1574358880872" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L." docDate="2019" docId="518D9915B5E14B3A20E173414E2A5A37" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 890: 1-685" docOrigin="ZooKeys 890" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786" docTitle="Glyptapanteles yalizhangae Arias-Penna, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" masterDocTitle="A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="685" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168090790" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Whitfield, James B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Winifred Hallwachs,</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dyer, Lee A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>890</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>685</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-890-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4056460" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160511412" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4056460" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:518D9915B5E14B3A20E173414E2A5A37" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/518D9915B5E14B3A20E173414E2A5A37" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F4088FA8-1FC4-4816-9EA5-88DB858C85DF" authority="Arias-Penna, sp. nov." class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles yalizhangae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yalizhangae">Glyptapanteles yalizhangae Arias-Penna, sp. nov.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="female">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Body length
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.13" unit="mm" value="313.0">3.13 mm</quantity>
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, antenna length
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4299999999999997" unit="mm" value="343.0">3.43 mm</quantity>
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, fore wing length
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" unit="mm" value="338.0">3.38 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456368516" collectingDate="2009-05-25" collectingDateMax="2009-08-03" collectingDateMin="2009-05-25" collectionCode="CAPEA, PUCE" country="Ecuador" county="Yanayacu Biological Station" elevation="2" latitude="-0.598333" location="Lagrimas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.882774" municipality="Sendero" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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; EC-38911, YY-A001;
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<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Napo">Napo</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Yanayacu Biological Station</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Sendero</collectingMunicipality>
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de las
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lágrimas">
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:518D9915B5E14B3A20E173414E2A5A37:877C8AD5FAE4A151DC3FB6B26723BD98" country="Ecuador" county="Yanayacu Biological Station" latitude="-0.598333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.882774" municipality="Sendero" name="Lagrimas" stateProvince="Napo">Lagrimas</location>
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</normalizedToken>
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; cloud forest;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" unit="m" value="2.075">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" unit="m" value="2.075">2,075 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0.598333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-0.598333">- 0.598333</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="77.882778" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.882774">-77.882778</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2009-05-25">
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<collectingDate value="2009-05-25">25.v.2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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<collectionCode>CAPEA</collectionCode>
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leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoons formed on
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<date value="2009-07-15">
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<collectingDate value="2009-07-15">15.vii.2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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; adult parasitoids emerged on
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<date value="2009-08-03">
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<collectingDate value="2009-08-03">03.viii.2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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; (
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<collectionCode>PUCE</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456368355" collectingDate="2019-01-01" collectingDateMax="2019-12-31" collectingDateMin="2019-01-01" collectionCode="PUCE" country="Ecuador" county="Yanayacu Biological Station" elevation="2" latitude="-0.598333" location="Lagrimas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.882774" municipality="Sendero" specimenCount="50" specimenCount-female="44" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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• 49 (
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<specimenCount type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
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) (
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<specimenCount type="female">34♀</specimenCount>
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, 0
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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); EC-38911, YY-A001; same data as for holotype; (
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<collectionCode>PUCE</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Reared material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456368417" collectingDate="2009-08-22" collectorName="Luis Salagaje" country="Ecuador" county="Yanayacu Biological Station" elevation="2" latitude="-0.553333" location="Sapos" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.87556" municipality="Sendero" specimenCount="46" specimenCount-female="40" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Napo">
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<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Napo">Napo</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCounty>Yanayacu Biological Station</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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,
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<collectingMunicipality>Sendero</collectingMunicipality>
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de los
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:518D9915B5E14B3A20E173414E2A5A37:9FAB34696DBEB28825ABC61D14306B99" country="Ecuador" county="Yanayacu Biological Station" latitude="-0.553333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.87556" municipality="Sendero" name="Sapos" stateProvince="Napo">Sapos</location>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:518D9915B5E14B3A20E173414E2A5A37:8E5A4D27C67011EFE31ED8B5FEFE0FF0" country="Ecuador" county="Yanayacu Biological Station" latitude="-0.553333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.87556" municipality="Sendero" name="Plot" stateProvince="Napo">Plot</location>
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441
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</emphasis>
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: • 46 (
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<specimenCount type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
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) (
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<specimenCount type="female">31♀</specimenCount>
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, 0
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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); EC-41813, YY-A002; cloud forest;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.004" unit="m" value="2.004">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.004" unit="m" value="2.004">2,004 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0.553333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-0.553333">- 0.553333</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="77.875556" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.87556">-77.875556</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2009-08-22">
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<collectingDate value="2009-08-22">22.viii.2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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<collectorName>Luis Salagaje</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cocoons formed on
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<date value="2009-09-16">16.ix.2009</date>
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; adult parasitoids emerged on
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<date value="2009-10-08">08.x.2009</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Fore wing with vein 2 cu-a absent, vein 1 cu-a straight, r vein curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222K</figureCitation>
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), dorsal groove on axillary trough of scutellum smooth (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222E, F</figureCitation>
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), propodeum with a shallow median longitudinal dent with rugae (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222F</figureCitation>
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), mesoscutum punctation proximally distinct, but distally absent/dispersed (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222E</figureCitation>
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), temple punctate-lacunose, petiole virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3, finely sculptured (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222G, H</figureCitation>
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), dorsal outer depression on hind coxa present (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222A, J</figureCitation>
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), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222B</figureCitation>
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), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
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</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 222" startId="F221">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 222.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles yalizhangae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yalizhangae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glyptapanteles yalizhangae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. female EC-38911 YY-A001
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D</emphasis>
|
||
Head
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
Frontal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Head, propleuron, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
Mesonotum, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
T1-3, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H, J</emphasis>
|
||
Metasoma
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
Mesosoma, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
Fore and hind wings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coloration">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">
|
||
Fig. 222
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–K">A-K</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). General body coloration polished satin black except labrum, mandibles, glossa, and tegulae yellow-brown; yellow-brown scape distally brown; pedicel proximally brown and distally yellow-brown; first four-five proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), remaining flagellomeres dark brown on both sides; maxillary and labial palps yellow; clypeus, pronotum, propleuron, epicnemial ridge, lunules,
|
||
<collectionCode>BS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum">BM</collectionCode>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectionCode country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7hds-psx6" name="Milwaukee Public Museum" type="Museum">MPM</collectionCode>
|
||
with brown-red/reddish tints. Eyes silver and ocelli yellowish. Fore and middle legs dark yellow except brown-red/reddish coxae, and brown claws; hind legs dark yellow except black coxae, femora dorso-distally with an elongate brown spot, tibiae distally brown, and tarsomeres brown although basitarsus proximal half yellow. Petiole on T1 brown-red/reddish, contours darkened and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas brown-red/reddish, adjacent area with contours well-defined, both dark areas forming a rectangle-shaped area, and lateral ends yellow; T3 mostly brown-red/brown with corners proximally yellow; T4 and beyond brown-red/brown; distally each tergum with a narrow whitish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 yellow; T4 brown, but proximoventrally with a small yellow area; T5 and beyond brown. S1-3 yellow; S4 yellow, but medially brown; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">
|
||
Fig. 222
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.23:0.09, 0.25:0.09, 0.27:0.09), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.15:0.07, 0.13:0.07), antenna longer than body (3.43, 3.13); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, finely punctate-lacunose, interspaces wavy and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate-lacunose and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.11, 0.15). Malar suture faint. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222A, E, F, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum distal half with a central dent, punctation distinct proximally, but absent/dispersed distally, interspaces wavy/lacunose. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with
|
||
<collectionCode>BS</collectionCode>
|
||
, but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation indistinct throughout, in profile scutellum slightly convex, but on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum widely visible;
|
||
<collectionCode>BS</collectionCode>
|
||
only very partially overlapping the
|
||
<collectionCode country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7hds-psx6" name="Milwaukee Public Museum" type="Museum">MPM</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode>ATS</collectionCode>
|
||
demilune with faint wavy rugae; dorsal
|
||
<collectionCode>ATS</collectionCode>
|
||
groove smooth. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation smooth, shiny and depressed centrally. Metanotum with
|
||
<collectionCode country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum">BM</collectionCode>
|
||
convex;
|
||
<collectionCode country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7hds-psx6" name="Milwaukee Public Museum" type="Museum">MPM</collectionCode>
|
||
circular without median longitudinal carina;
|
||
<collectionCode>AFM</collectionCode>
|
||
without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as
|
||
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
|
||
thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum with a shallow dent, proximal half weakly curved with fine sculpture and distal half relatively polished; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with a mix of rugae and fine punctation, dorsally with a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove deep with faintly transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.12, 0.08). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface, dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.31, 0.23), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.16, 0.15).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing with r vein curved; 2RS vein slightly concave; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area; vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight and complete, but junction with 1-1A vein spectral. Hind wing with vannal lobe narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae present only proximally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222A, G, H, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured distal, but only laterally, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3 (length 0.38, maximum width 0.20, minimum width 0.08), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.18, length T2 0.18), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.18, maximum width 0.21, minimum width 0.08); T2 with pubescence in distal half. T3 longer than T2 (0.27, 0.18) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium scattered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cocoons.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In some females, both the mesopleuron ventrally and the metasternum with brown-red/reddish tints,
|
||
<collectionCode>ATS</collectionCode>
|
||
demilune proximally is
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Globothalamea" family="Spiroplectamminidae" genus="Calyptratae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" lsidName="Calyptratae carinate" order="Lituolida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="carinate">carinate</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 222" captionStartId="F221" captionText="Figure 222. Glyptapanteles yalizhangae sp. nov. female EC- 38911 YY-A 001 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357323" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure222">Fig. 222F</figureCitation>
|
||
). the propodeal spiracle distally is framed by a faint carina, and the limit between the mesopleuron and the metasternum is flattened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="male">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Coloration similar to female except that the hind femora is almost completely brown, the trochanter and the trochantellus with brown tints; the external genitalia is large, but the apex is truncate diagonally; and the specimens with body slender and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Globothalamea" family="Spiroplectamminidae" genus="Calyptratae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" lsidName="Calyptratae cylindrical" order="Lituolida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="cylindrical">cylindrical</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Yali Zhang as an undergraduate student at
|
||
<collectionCode>UIUC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode>IL</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, held a research opportunities grant through National Science Foundation, Research Experiences for Undergraduates. She assisted in sorting and identifying
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Microgastrinae">Microgastrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera in the Whitfield Lab and coauthoring papers on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhygoplitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhygoplitis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhygoplitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mason and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Wilkinsonellus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wilkinsonellus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wilkinsonellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also, she studied Curriculum and Instruction/Education at University of
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Illinois">Illinois</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Chicago,
|
||
<collectionCode>IL</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Parasitized caterpillars were collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Napo">Napo</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Yanayacu Biological Station (Sendero de las
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lágrimas">Lagrimas</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Sendero de los Sapos), during
|
||
<date value="2009-05" valueMax="2009-08-31" valueMin="2009-05-00">May and August 2009</date>
|
||
at
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.004" unit="m" value="2.004">2,004 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" unit="m" value="2.075">2,075 m</quantity>
|
||
in cloud forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Zanola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zanola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zanola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Walker (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Apatelodidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Apatelodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Psammisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psammisia pauciflora" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauciflora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Psammisia pauciflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Ericaceae" lsidName="Calyptratae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Ericaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and undetermined species of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Asteraceae" lsidName="Calyptratae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Caterpillars were collected in third and fourth instar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |