172 lines
18 KiB
XML
172 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="AC981771F4611892975F5F05CFC2047C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184420" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3f440d3c-095a-46ad-b8a9-896e1ce4e175" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184420" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459980036317" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Li, Chun-Lin, Yang, Ping-Shih & Wang, Kuo-Sheng Hsu Chuan-Chan" docDate="2008" docId="03BF237EE81BFFCDFC870EA6FE5CE90D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01895p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1895" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Epitrichius Tagawa 1941" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FF865B06E818FFCEFC100E31FFD3EC79" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Epitrichius Tagawa, with an analysis of the internal sac armature of the male genitalia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="10" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698231796796" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="1D02EC6FBF67A891C7C9548CEF7716C3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="74823DC24E57EEAF533AE08F689DA1CF">
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<mods:title id="D5A9656D90F7D085880D86ADCD32F808">A review of the genus Epitrichius Tagawa, with an analysis of the internal sac armature of the male genitalia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="AA37C7C815B11B3B54CE7336D84F8EB8" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5CA3678B430A45EFCE7B9913B522E561">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B0F1430A310520986AE58F7C46F80065">Li, Chun-Lin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="92BD378077683E666D4BE3328FA0E928" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="9F4D6CE0A3F6A02FC8031D45259873BA">
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<mods:roleTerm id="368DAB4EA6277F323B975E2D4DE6CFAF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2DF4DCA0CD82243A58FAF51C91B38947">Yang, Ping-Shih</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0F8C7F5C5058D749B442A5D53BA43296" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EF2EB454836CF437999F8532863DE526">
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<mods:roleTerm id="494BE01A96969AE5537F68D763DA9AD1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AFE4F1F57D65E3E8362742B89008B2E2">Wang, Kuo-Sheng Hsu Chuan-Chan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="437C4219A64CFCC2323365690942D6AA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="1732A13C45EC1122A4B39A6E2969D725" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A847A3DC477070B678EC27F552700B5D">
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<mods:title id="82C16BBC6626F37F74EB5FB48C142D90">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="05F232798FB538C1B76514D47EA7B367">
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<mods:date id="FD02A03F71A8FEF802AE6323EE2B23AF">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="68E489F3002B7D6F6DA485FE3862FA67" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6A340A65D72F5A5D78E019A05F7C4215">1895</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="B2F70A5D925692A853A605CCDA8E27B1" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="493F338C9B566AB551397D01BBFC74A0">10</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="AD1BFAC479BC49DF2CA8EFB3BD7E0881">24</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="A568E5F4623A3481BE3B8F2A686F22D9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="105772D39EE672AA32FE000AE08B8ACE" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.184420</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="15D50B2E6D16D3E5AC3028B0CE476980" type="GBIF-Dataset">3f440d3c-095a-46ad-b8a9-896e1ce4e175</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0313444918CBEAB8697B9BD0856FF9C4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E7E53ECD70C88CB14641FC0CCBB60633" type="Zenodo-Dep">184420</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BF237EE81BFFCDFC870EA6FE5CE90D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6230553" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119378514" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6230553" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF237EE81BFFCDFC870EA6FE5CE90D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF237EE81BFFCDFC870EA6FE5CE90D" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C30CC1E3E81BFFCDFC870EA6FDF5ECC8" box="[151,550,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA99268E81BFFCDFC870EA6FDF5ECC8" blockId="3.[151,550,151,177]" box="[151,550,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D0E12504E81BFFCDFC870EA6FDF5ECC8" bold="true" box="[151,550,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFC870EA6FDF5ECC8" bold="true" box="[151,550,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFCFE0EA6FDF5ECC8" authority="Tagawa, 1941" authorityName="Tagawa" authorityYear="1941" box="[238,550,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFCFE0EA6FEA6ECC8" bold="true" box="[238,373,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Epitrichius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87EF99E81BFFCDFD6C0EA6FDF5ECC8" author="Tagawa" box="[380,550,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" refString="Tagawa, H. (1941) On the (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) subfam. Trichiinae of Japan. Transactions of the Kyushu Entomological Society, 3 (1), 9 - 23." type="journal article" year="1941">Tagawa, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30CC1E3E81BFFCDFC870ED3FD7EEE7D" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA99268E81BFFCDFC870ED3FCE6ED60" blockId="3.[151,1435,226,281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB06B546E81BFFCDFC870ED3FCE6ED60" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFC870ED3FE0AEC80" authority="Tagawa, 1941: 18" authorityName="Tagawa" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,473,226,249]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFC870ED3FEDDEC80" box="[151,270,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Epitrichius</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB7B479E81BFFCDFD060ED3FE0AEC80" author="Tagawa" box="[278,473,226,249]" page="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" year="1941">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87EF99E81BFFCDFD060ED3FE63EC80" author="Tagawa" box="[278,432,226,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" refString="Tagawa, H. (1941) On the (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) subfam. Trichiinae of Japan. Transactions of the Kyushu Entomological Society, 3 (1), 9 - 23." type="journal article" year="1941">Tagawa, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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: 18
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB7B479E81BFFCDFDF70ED3FCDFEC80" author="Isida" box="[487,780,226,249]" page="58" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87EF99E81BFFCDFDF70ED3FD36EC80" author="Isida" box="[487,741,226,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" refString="Isida, M. & Fujioka, M. (1988) A list of lamellicornia in Japan (1 st ed. Supplement). Lamellicornia Supplement, 2, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1988">Isida and Fujioka 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 58
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</treatmentCitation>
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(catalog);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB7B479E81BFFCDFF920ED3FB9AEC80" author="Fujioka" box="[898,1097,226,249]" page="127" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87EF99E81BFFCDFF920ED3FBC6EC80" author="Fujioka" box="[898,1045,226,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" refString="Fujioka, M. (2001) A list of Japanese lamellicornia. Kogane Supplement, 1, 1 - 293." type="journal article" year="2001">Fujioka 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 127
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</treatmentCitation>
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(catalog, comment).
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<typeStatus id="54AD2CCAE81BFFCDF9220ED3FAB4EC80" box="[1330,1383,226,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFCEE0F33FDE2ED60" authority="Kano, 1931" authorityName="Kano" authorityYear="1931" box="[254,561,258,281]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Trichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFCEE0F33FE7EED60" box="[254,429,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Trichius elegans</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87EF99E81BFFCDFDA40F33FDE2ED60" author="Kano" box="[436,561,258,281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" refString="Kano, T. (1931) Some new or unrecorded cetoniid-beetles from Formosa. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 17, 127 - 134." type="journal article" year="1931">Kano, 1931</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by original designation.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA99268E81BFFCDFC870F7BFD7EEE7D" blockId="3.[151,1437,330,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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As it is currently defined,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFDDA0F7BFD9FED1A" box="[458,588,330,355]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFDDA0F7BFD9FED1A" box="[458,588,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Epitrichius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes a morphologically diverse group of species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDF8D60F7BFA9AED1A" box="[1222,1353,330,355]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDF8D60F7BFA9AED1A" box="[1222,1353,330,355]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Epitrichius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be diagnosed by the lack of cretaceous markings over the body surface, the ventral side of the metatarsomeres has a conspicuous fringe of long setae in the males and the internal sac of the male genitalia has two distinct, hook-like armatures. The paired tufts of long setae on the pygidium (usually more developed in the females than the males) is also a feature of this genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30CC1E3E81BFFCDFCD50C23FB36E825" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA99268E81BFFCDFCD50C23FABCEF3D" blockId="3.[151,1437,330,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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Some other characteristics show different degrees of variation among the species. The dorsal surface may be dully velutinous or glabrous with a shiny metallic luster. The anterior margin of the clypeus may be smooth to strongly emarginate medially. Both the head and the pronotum are moderately punctate to rugopunctate and setose. The general shape of the pronotum varies from elongate to rounded with outwardly acute basolateral angles. The elytral markings are always well defined with two or three transverse bands, or they are fragmented into spots, except in the males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFE860CEBFCA0EE8A" box="[662,883,730,755]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinshuingensis">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFE860CEBFCA0EE8A" box="[662,883,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">E. shinshuingensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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where markings are diffused marginally. The mesometasternal process is usually vestigial but is distinctly protruding in
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDF8210D33FADCEF62" box="[1073,1295,770,796]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinshuingensis">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDF8210D33FB90EF62" box="[1073,1091,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">E</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDF8460D33FADCEF62" box="[1110,1295,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">shinshuingensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The interparamere extension plate varies in the degree of sclerotization from well-developed to semi-membranous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA99268E81BFFCDFCD50D63FB36E825" blockId="3.[151,1437,330,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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The species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFD6F0D63FDD1EF12" box="[383,514,850,875]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFD6F0D63FDD1EF12" box="[383,514,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Epitrichius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are distinctly sexual dimorphism compared to some other genera within the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFCC30D4BFEEFEFED" box="[211,316,890,916]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichiini">Trichiini</taxonomicName>
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. The shape of the protibia makes it possible to distinguish the sex in all species in the genus as a unidentate protibia indicates males and a bidentate protibia indicates females. The fringe of setae at the ventral side of the metatarsomeres is found only in males, and the females have distinctly shorter and sparser setae. In males the shape of the pygidium is convex apically and is slightly elongated, while it is truncated in females. Tubercles on the pygidium occur on only females of
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFF1F0A2BFC71E84A" box="[783,930,1050,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreipes">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFF1F0A2BFC71E84A" box="[783,930,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">E. cupreipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFFA20A2BFB95E84A" box="[946,1094,1050,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowringii">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFFA20A2BFB95E84A" box="[946,1094,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">E. bowringii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDF8920A2BFB2EE84A" box="[1154,1277,1050,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Trichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDF8920A2BFB2EE84A" box="[1154,1277,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">E. elegans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, all of which exhibit a pair of longitudinally ridged or papillose tubercles at the apical half of the pygidium.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30CC1E3E81BFFCDFCD50A5BFE5CE90D" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA99268E81BFFCDFCD50A5BFE5CE90D" blockId="3.[151,1437,330,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFCD50A5BFEEDE8FD" bold="true" box="[197,318,1130,1156]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87EF99E81BFFCDFD580A5BFE2CE8FD" author="Krikken" box="[328,511,1130,1156]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" refString="Krikken, J. (1972) Species of the east Asian bifasciatus group in the genus Trichius Fabricius (Coleoptera, Cetoniidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 47 (40), 481 - 501." type="journal article" year="1972">Krikken (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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divided his
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFE850A5AFCADE8FD" box="[661,894,1131,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Trichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFE850A5AFCADE8FD" box="[661,894,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Trichius bifasciatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group into three “subgroups:”
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDF9410A5AFF1DE8D5" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Trichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDF9410A5AFA8CE8FD" box="[1361,1375,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDF9600A5AFF1DE8D5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">elegans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFCCF0AA2FEADE8D5" box="[223,382,1170,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Trichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFCCF0AA2FF3EE8D5" box="[223,237,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFCEF0AA2FEADE8D5" box="[255,382,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">bifasciatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDFDAC0AA2FD89E8D5" box="[444,602,1170,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFDAC0AA2FE19E8D5" box="[444,458,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDFDCB0AA2FD89E8D5" box="[475,602,1171,1196]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">fraterculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, we reject the concept of delimiting groups and subgroups before a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis is conducted for the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C16E9EBE81BFFCDF8090A8AFB48E8AD" box="[1049,1179,1211,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Epitrichius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9624E7AE81BFFCDF8090A8AFB48E8AD" box="[1049,1179,1211,1236]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Epitrichius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The most important characteristics used to separate the species are the anterior margin of the clypeus, the basolateral angles of the pronotum, the pattern of the elytral markings, the development of the setae on the pygidium, the degree of sclerotization of the inter-paramere extension plate and the shape of the parameres and internal sac armature of the male genitalia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |