treatments-xml/data/48/22/87/482287C8ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CC6D78E4.xml
2024-06-21 12:35:23 +02:00

201 lines
22 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="F9163F1F6235EEB4D50E7EF748884503" ID-CLB-Dataset="60686" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6591722" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9d33d7df-dc06-426e-8945-d99b967af193" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6591722" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1653851510032" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="482287C8ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CC6D78E4" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Dipodidae_0062.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Salpingotus pallidus Vorontsov &amp; Shenbrot 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="B41BFFB0ED5D7D79B441FFDDCB297036" masterDocTitle="Dipodidae" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="84" updateTime="1699338147150" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="19CFD8478992C2501D94C23041EC46D8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0AA41DCAF604A2ED50F6A685AAADB11D">
<mods:title id="946BD2DF072236C13070003AACEFC428">Dipodidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="BBC8B48FDB86A3D4D1EA367DD190EABE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="30B3C11A9E3D352F7BDC8A046C7A4BD3">
<mods:roleTerm id="A19B9F00F9C4464B7F8112115E662B6E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7A16D87D8D6D2635D77F5858C402389E">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D370A1A34A2FA719335D517E76A4DDE2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2394C8606C433A08026BAD27D70F4888">
<mods:roleTerm id="850E3F0B5F11CA3A03001DE136E222C5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="49306B56394A0627D536464559C1EB9A">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E39204C1A73E682112756E27F34B6EC7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="247CD6DE09BD1B6E7580FFBDBB661E64">
<mods:roleTerm id="25EC2D0B4813CDE9B0E31201AE8CF6D4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="454D0674540299AFABD4F2BB54082534">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="020A727EA6AE757F0007B7FE7051DF7F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="9F969EEC0DEB05AABCF45E065E08BCF9" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="F79D3264F96E3AC5A78FDBAF643464AA">
<mods:dateIssued id="FF60872417B5E68D6782E511C4B996E8">2017</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:dateOther id="218A3AFF7ABB529C5554C8DEEA426E58" type="pubDate">2017-11-30</mods:dateOther>
<mods:publisher id="B3ED530DACCEEFDCE717F29E10FF33C4">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="7EFDE293160B68ED0B8620DE01FC47BB">
<mods:placeTerm id="82FBBE07D364BCD21DB34BF5FCF373E6">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="E51C4450A8328AA57DA88EEDB8D86D6E">
<mods:title id="352CB18D03B16230449821B2778970F5">Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0A66C0092BF0C09AFD8698A88550A7EC">
<mods:extent id="4C939536800C5B8AC5872B24213D7654" unit="page">
<mods:start id="5CA919C06BC58076B8FBB796B76DE732">81</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B664E51416C298FE1D6199408AC52D3F">100</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="92ADD607120E588549AB28C967D6949C">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="88C54B5546B0B267E92EEE28BEC051A0" type="CLB-Dataset">60686</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2A74B036305C7B82D7961F898E6B4FF3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6591722</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1DCABA48FFA184FA7E800649DF6E849B" type="GBIF-Dataset">9d33d7df-dc06-426e-8945-d99b967af193</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="45264774971811554F94481F295C4CAE" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-04-6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1C9043AE7770C068B048E00BE17011C5" type="Zenodo-Dep">6591722</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="482287C8ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CC6D78E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6591600" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195700936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6591600" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:482287C8ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CC6D78E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/482287C8ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CC6D78E4" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CBF07CE0" box="[184,217,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB4F9F375CBF07CE0" blockId="3.[182,1369,3240,3369]" box="[184,217,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="9B7C81B2ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CBF07CE0" box="[184,217,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<figureCitation id="58B02A5BED5E7D7AB4F9F375CBF07CE0" box="[184,217,3240,3286]" captionStart="Plate 3: Dipodidae" captionStartId="2.[120,150,3370,3395]" captionTargetBox="[11,2762,14,3648]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Five-toed Pygmy Jerboa (Cardiocranius paradoxus), 2. Kozlovs Pygmy Jerboa (Salpingotus kozlovi), 3. Thick-tailed Pygmy Jerboa (Salpingotus crassicauda), 4. Heptners Pygmy Jerboa (Salpingotus heptnen), 5. Pallid Pygmy Jerboa (Salpingotus pallidus), 6. Thomas's Pygmy Jerboa (Salpingotus thomasi), 7. Balochistan Pygmy Jerboa (Salpingotus michaelis), 8. Long-eared Jerboa (Fuchoreutes naso), 9. Great Jerboa (Allactaga major), 10. Severtzovs Jerboa (Allactaga severtzouvi), 11. Bobrinskis Jerboa (Allactodipus bobrinsku), 12. Siberian Jerboa (Orientallactaga sibirica), 13. Gobi Jerboa (Orientallactaga bullata), 14. Balikun Jerboa (Orientallactaga balikunica)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6591754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6591754/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">5.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB4A8F375C9A17CE0" box="[233,648,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB4A8F375C9A17CE0" blockId="3.[182,1369,3240,3369]" box="[233,648,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="9B7C81B2ED5E7D7AB4A8F375C9A17CE0" box="[233,648,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<vernacularName id="4E8846F0ED5E7D7AB4A8F375C9A17CE0" box="[233,648,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Pallid Pygmy Jerboa</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB68FF375CF147CE0" box="[718,1085,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB68FF375CF147CE0" blockId="3.[182,1369,3240,3369]" box="[718,1085,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="9B7C81B2ED5E7D7AB68FF375CF147CE0" box="[718,1085,3240,3286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7AB68FF375CF147CE0" ID-CoL="7WRTP" authorityName="Vorontsov &amp; Shenbrot" authorityYear="1984" box="[718,1085,3240,3286]" class="Mammalia" family="Dipodidae" genus="Salpingotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB68FF375CF147CE0" box="[718,1085,3240,3286]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Salpingotus pallidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB4F9F33ACE717D15" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB4F9F33ACF9A7CCA" blockId="3.[182,1369,3240,3369]" box="[184,1203,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="9B7C81B2ED5E7D7AB4F9F33ACF9A7CCA" box="[184,1203,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB4F9F33ACA2D7CCA" bold="true" box="[184,260,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4E8846F0ED5E7D7AB54CF33ACABC7CCA" box="[269,405,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Gerboise pale</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB5EBF33AC92D7CCA" bold="true" box="[426,516,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4E8846F0ED5E7D7AB64EF33AC8477CCA" box="[527,878,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Blasse Dreizehenzwergspringmaus</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB7C2F33AC8F67CCA" bold="true" box="[899,991,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4E8846F0ED5E7D7AB7A6F33ACF9A7CCA" box="[999,1203,3303,3324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Jerbo pigmeo palido</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB4F9F2D3CE717D15" blockId="3.[182,1369,3240,3369]" box="[184,1368,3342,3363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="9B7C81B2ED5E7D7AB4F9F2D3CE717D15" box="[184,1368,3342,3363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB4F9F2D3CA877D15" bold="true" box="[184,430,3342,3363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="4E8846F0ED5E7D7AB5F8F2D3C8E67D15" box="[441,975,3342,3363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Pale Pygmy Jerboa; Pale Pygmy Aral Jerboa (pallidus)</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="4E8846F0ED5E7D7AB79FF2D3CE717D15" box="[990,1368,3342,3363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Pale Pygmy Balkhash Jerboa (s/udskii)</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB4F9F28CCF397D44" box="[184,1040,3409,3442]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB4F9F28CCF397D44" blockId="3.[182,1387,3409,3491]" box="[184,1040,3409,3442]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB4F9F28CCA7A7D44" bold="true" box="[184,339,3409,3442]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7AB523F28CCF227D44" ID-CoL="7WRTP" authority="Vorontsov &amp; Shenbrot, 1984" authorityName="Vorontsov &amp; Shenbrot" authorityYear="1984" box="[354,1035,3409,3442]" class="Mammalia" family="Dipodidae" genus="Salpingotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Salpingotus pallidus Vorontsov &amp; Shenbrot, 1984</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB05EF28CC8057DAC" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB05EF28CC8057DAC" blockId="3.[182,1387,3409,3491]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<materialsCitation id="70E33C83ED5E7D7AB05EF28CC8057DAC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3795085308" country="Kazakhstan" location="Bolshyye Barsuki Sands near Chelkar" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aktybinsk Region">
<location id="C5546005ED5E7D7AB05EF28CCA467DAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:482287C8ED5E7D7AB4F9F375CC6D78E4:C5546005ED5E7D7AB05EF28CCA467DAC" country="Kazakhstan" name="Bolshyye Barsuki Sands near Chelkar" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" stateProvince="Aktybinsk Region">Bolshyye Barsuki Sands near Chelkar</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="024FF83CED5E7D7AB53FF25CC95E7DAC" box="[382,631,3457,3482]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Aktybinsk Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="B89C764EED5E7D7AB6C6F25CC8017DAC" box="[647,808,3457,3482]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7ABC51FEFEC173715A" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7ABC51FEFEC173715A" blockId="3.[2061,2655,291,718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7ABC51FEFEC2087172" authorityName="Vorontsov &amp; Shenbrot" authorityYear="1984" box="[2064,2337,291,324]" class="Mammalia" family="Dipodidae" genus="Salpingotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Salpingotus pallidus</taxonomicName>
is in the subgenus Prosalpingotus. Two subspecies recognized.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7ABC4EFEAAC3FD729E" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="multiple">
<caption id="94F46656ED5E7D7ABC4EFEAAC3FD729E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6591953" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6591953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6591953/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" startId="3.[2063,2217,375,404]" targetBox="[1447,2039,303,717]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7ABC4EFEAAC2B671A2" blockId="3.[2061,2655,291,718]" box="[2063,2463,375,404]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7ABC4EFEAAC2B671A2" bold="true" box="[2063,2463,375,404]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7ABC51FE47C3447204" blockId="3.[2061,2655,291,718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7ABC51FE47C3447204" authority="Vorontzov &amp; Shenbrot, 1984" authorityName="Vorontzov &amp; Shenbrot" authorityYear="1984" class="Mammalia" family="Dipodidae" genus="Salpingotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pallidus" subSpecies="pallidus">S.p.pallidusVorontzov&amp;Shenbrot,1984—CKazakhstan(NofAralSeaareainSEAktobe,WKaraganda,andKyzylordaregions).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7ABC51FD9DC3FD729E" blockId="3.[2061,2655,291,718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7ABC51FD9DC13F726F" authority="Shenbrot &amp; Mazin, 1989" authorityName="Shenbrot &amp; Mazin" authorityYear="1989" box="[2064,2582,576,601]" class="Mammalia" family="Dipodidae" genus="Salpingotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pallidus" subSpecies="sludskii">S. p. sludskii Shenbrot &amp; Mazin, 1989</taxonomicName>
— SE Kazakhstan (S of Lake Balkhash in N Almaty Region).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7ABC4EFD70CC137588" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="description">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7ABC4EFD70CC137588" blockId="3.[2061,2655,291,718]" lastBlockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7ABC4EFD70C22072F8" bold="true" box="[2063,2313,685,718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head—body 53-61 mm, tail 96-113 mm, ear 8-10 mm, hindfoot 21-24 mm; weight 7-13 g. The Pallid Pygmy Jerboa is very small; secondary sexual dimorphism is expressed only in length of terminal tuft of tail, which is 2-5-3 times longer in males than females. Condylo-basal lengths of skulls are 16-3-18 mm, mastoid breadths are 14-9-16-8 mm, and maxillary tooth row lengths are 3-1-3-7 mm. Head and dorsum are yellow-gray, with scattered dark gray; sides and ventral pelage are pure white. Tail is fatty, with short black terminal tuft; fat deposits in tail are greatest in the anterior one-third and gradually become thinner toward tip. Hindfeet have three toes, covered below with brushes of white hairs; toes do not have conic calluses at their bases. Ears are short and tubiform. Auditory bullae are greatly inflated and strongly project from under braincase laterally and caudally. Mastoid cavity is large and completely subdivided into three sections by septum. In volume, mastoid cavity is about twice as large as tympanic cavity. Front surfaces of incisors are yellow. P! is present and slightly smaller in diameter than M”. Molars are low-crowned, with tuberculous surfaces; crown heights of unworn molars are c.75% of their lengths. Glans penis is small, thin, elongated, cone-shaped, and not subdivided into lobes, with surface covered by small single-vertex, backward-directed aciculae not differentiated in size. Os penis (baculum) is rudimentary and rachis-like; its length is about equal to one-tenth of length of glans penis. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 46 and FN probably 90.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB1EDFA1FCD2676B5" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB1EDFA1FCD2676B5" blockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB1EDFA1FCD3575D5" bold="true" box="[1452,1564,1474,1507]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Habitat.</emphasis>
Flat or low hilly stabilized sands in desert zones, with grass (
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7ABDCBFA1FC12D75D5" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[2442,2564,1474,1507]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
)sagebrush (
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7AB252FA2FCDB9763D" box="[1555,1680,1522,1547]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Artemisia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7AB2DFFA2FCC1F763D" box="[1694,1846,1522,1547]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
) vegetation. In the Aral Sea region, dominant vegetation is A. arenaria and
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7AB2E5F9CBCC0C7605" box="[1700,1829,1558,1587]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agropyron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Agropyron</taxonomicName>
sibiricum (
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7AB3F6F9CBC3187605" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1975,2097,1558,1587]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
). In Lake Balkhash area, dominant vegetation is A. arenaria, Furotia ceratoides (
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7AB3A6F9E4C3E2766C" box="[2023,2251,1593,1626]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7ABD6EF9E4C25F766C" box="[2351,2422,1593,1626]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex</taxonomicName>
physodes (
<taxonomicName id="078B4D5DED5E7D7ABE44F9E4CD2876B5" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB1ECF95AC23076E6" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB1ECF95AC23076E6" blockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB1ECF95ACD9C769E" bold="true" box="[1453,1717,1671,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Diets of Pallid Pygmy Jerboas contain seeds and insects; seeds are eaten more often in summer and insects more often in spring.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB1ECF90BC27C7729" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB1ECF90BC27C7729" blockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB1ECF90BCD1D76C1" bold="true" box="[1453,1588,1750,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Breeding.</emphasis>
Pregnant Pallid PygmyJerboas were recorded in May-July. Females produce one and, in some cases, two litters per year. Litters have 2-5 young.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB1EDF8F7CDCD7788" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="activity">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB1EDF8F7CDCD7788" blockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB1EDF8F7CDB17771" bold="true" box="[1452,1688,1834,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
The Pallid Pygmy Jerboa is nocturnal. Activity starts just after sunset and was recorded only in the first one-half of night in early spring and all night in late spring and summer. Hibernation ends in the middle of April; dates when hibernation begins are not known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB1EFF81AC3D178B4" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB1EFF81AC3D178B4" blockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB1EFF81AC35E77D2" bold="true" box="[1454,2167,1991,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Home ranges of breeding female Pallid Pygmy Jerboas are c.0-6 ha. In captivity, social interactions are aggressive, with active fighting. Summer burrows of males have 2-3 entrances and one nest chamber at a depth of ¢.8 cm. Burrows of breeding females have up to four entrances, one nest chamber at depths of ¢.16 cm and 2-8 additional chambers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB1EEF755C2EE789F" box="[1455,2503,2184,2217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB1EEF755C2EE789F" blockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" box="[1455,2503,2184,2217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB1EEF755CC25789F" bold="true" box="[1455,1804,2184,2217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88916555ED5E7D7AB1F1F764CC6D78E4" box="[1456,1860,2233,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="C03436DEED5E7D7AB1F1F764CC6D78E4" blockId="3.[1445,2659,725,2258]" box="[1456,1860,2233,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="F2FFEACCED5E7D7AB1F1F764CD6178E4" bold="true" box="[1456,1608,2233,2258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Shenbrot et al. (2008).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>