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<mods:title id="79EA45CAD8EA103C3C4C10999DB6757B">Review of the genus Engyprosopon Günther, 1862 (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae) from waters off Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0E60C57AB64E30B2F871C97BDB150859">Amaoka, Kunio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="87DAD2A0A944EA139A50FEC811C4C6EB">Ho, Hsuan-Ching</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="3A4D8D6FFFB3FF9D30E1F8C7FC1F98D5" blockId="1.[151,941,1900,1926]" box="[151,941,1900,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="450">
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<emphasis id="0886517DFFB3FF9D30E1F8C7FC1F98D5" bold="true" box="[151,941,1900,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="450">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB3FF9D311BF8C7FDAF98D5" ID-CoL="62RVT" ID-ENA="195606" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[365,541,1900,1926]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB3FF9D311BF8C7FDAF98D5" bold="true" box="[365,541,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="450">Engyprosopon</emphasis>
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found in waters around Taiwan
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1a. Gill rakers without spinules on their inside edges; ocular-side lower jaw 2.0
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HL.............................. 2
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A4D8D6FFFB3FF9D30E1F864FA2998B7" blockId="1.[151,1435,1970,2021]" box="[151,1435,1999,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="450">
<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB3FF9D30E1F864FA2998B7" box="[151,1435,1999,2021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="450">1b. Gill rakers with spinules on their inside edges; ocular-side lower jaw 1.52.0 in HL................................. 7</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FF3CFA299FFE" box="[151,1435,151,173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">2a. Distal half of caudal fin with a pair of large, distinct. blackish blotches........................................... 3</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FF1FFA299F99" box="[151,1435,180,202]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">2b. Distal half of caudal fin without blackish blotches............................................................ 5</keyLead>
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3a. Gill rakers 0 + 13 (06 +
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comparative specimens)............................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E3540FF79FA2E9FB4" ID-CoL="39TS5" authorityName="Hubbs" authorityYear="1915" box="[1334,1436,210,231]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xystrias">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3540FF79FA2E9FB4" box="[1334,1436,210,231]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. xystrias</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FF44FA299E56" box="[151,1435,239,261]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">3b. Gill rakers 03 + 511.................................................................................. 4</keyLead>
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4a. Body ovate, its depth
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SL; ocular-side pectoral-fin rays not filamentous, usually shorter than head length..............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E3480FE81FA2E9E6C" authorityName="Temminck &amp; Schlegel" authorityYear="1846" box="[1270,1436,298,319]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scophthalmidae" genus="Rhombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandisquama">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3480FE81FA2E9E6C" box="[1270,1436,298,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. grandisquama</emphasis>
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4b. Body rather elongate, its depth
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SL; ocular-side pectoral-fin rays filamentous, longer than head length.................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E3573FECEFA299E29" ID-CoL="39TRN" authorityName="Amaoka" authorityYear="1963" box="[1285,1435,357,378]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multisquama">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3573FECEFA299E29" box="[1285,1435,357,378]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. multisquama</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FE2AFA2E9EC4" box="[151,1436,385,407]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
5a. Interorbital width very narrow, its width
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HL; scales
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lateral line; gill rakers 0 + 68..........
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E3536FE29FA2E9EC4" ID-CoL="39TRK" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1344,1436,386,407]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mogkii">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3536FE29FA2E9EC4" box="[1344,1436,386,407]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. mogkii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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5b. Interorbital width very wide, its width
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HL; scales
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lateral line; gill rakers 03 + 811................ 6
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6a. Small eyes placed away from head margin (
<figureCitation id="A2C991EAFFB0FF9E32F8FE17FD7A9E81" box="[654,712,444,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1746,1768]" captionTargetBox="[164,1436,383,1724]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,379,1724]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Engyprosopon maldivense (Regan, 1908). Ocular side, A. NMMB-P22226, male, 121.3 mm SL. B. NMMB- P22238, female, 102.3 mm SL." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1227807/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), upper eye diameter 3.14.0 in HL; depth of caudal peduncle
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HL; body depth
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SL..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E3567FE71FA2E9EBC" baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1297,1436,474,495]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maldivense">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3567FE71FA2E9EBC" box="[1297,1436,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. maldivense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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6b. Large eyes placed near to head margin (
<figureCitation id="A2C991EAFFB0FF9E3212FE5CFD1E9D5E" box="[612,684,503,525]" captionStart="FIGURE10" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,265,1807]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE10. Engyprosopon brevifrontale sp. nov. NMMB-P22217,holotype,male, 93.5 mm SL. A. ocular side, B.blind side." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1227811/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
), upper eye diameter
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HL; depth of caudal peduncle
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HL; body depth ~
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SL...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E34C4FDBEFAFB9D79" authority="Amaoka &amp; Ho, 2018" authorityName="Amaoka &amp; Ho" authorityYear="2018" box="[1202,1353,533,554]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevifrontale" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E34C4FDBEFB739D79" box="[1202,1217,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E34B8FDBEFAFB9D79" box="[1230,1353,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">brevifrontale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3539FDBFFA2E9D79" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,532,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13B5EC06FFB0FF9E3539FDBFFA2E9D79" box="[1359,1436,532,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="810695CAFFB0FF9E30E1FD99FA299DCC" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<paragraph id="3A4D8D6FFFB0FF9E30E1FD99FA299D37" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FD99FA299D37" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
7a. Scales
<quantity id="FD0A208AFFB0FF9E3153FD9AFEC99D14" box="[293,379,561,583]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.779" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="9.398" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" unit="in" value="38.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="37.0">3740 in</quantity>
lateral line; ocular-side pelvic-fin rays elongate in males,
<quantity id="FD0A208AFFB0FF9E33C7FD9AFBA19D14" box="[945,1043,561,583]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" unit="in" value="1.75" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.7">1.71.8 in</quantity>
HL; fin membrane of ocular-side pelvic fin with many black spots in males..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E3561FDE4FA299D37" ID-CoL="39TRC" authorityName="Amaoka" authorityYear="1969" box="[1303,1435,591,612]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longipelvis">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3561FDE4FA299D37" box="[1303,1435,591,612]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. longipelvis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A4D8D6FFFB0FF9E30E1FDC7FA299DCC" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FDC7FA299DCC" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
7b. Scales
<quantity id="FD0A208AFFB0FF9E3152FDC7FEC89DD1" box="[292,378,620,642]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2446" metricValueMax="1.3208" metricValueMin="1.1684" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" unit="in" value="49.0" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="46.0">4652 in</quantity>
lateral line; ocular-side pelvic-fin rays not elongate in either sex, 1.93.0 in HL; fin membrane of ocular-side pelvic fin without many black spots in either sex............................................................. 8
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="810695CAFFB0FF9E30E1FD0CFA2E9C61" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<paragraph id="3A4D8D6FFFB0FF9E30E1FD0CFA299D89" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FD0CFA299D89" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
8a. Eyes separated by narrow, concave interorbital space in both sexes; eyes large, upper eye diameter 3.0
<quantity id="FD0A208AFFB0FF9E3494FD0CFAA89DEE" box="[1250,1306,679,701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" unit="in" value="3.5">3.5 in</quantity>
HL; anterior teeth on upper jaw not enlarged; blind side of body dark in males..................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E3491FD6EFA299D89" authorityName="Hensley" authorityYear="2003" box="[1255,1435,709,730]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mozambiquense">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3491FD6EFA299D89" box="[1255,1435,709,730]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. mozambiquense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A4D8D6FFFB0FF9E30E1FD4AFA2E9C61" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<keyLead id="81032E5AFFB0FF9E30E1FD4AFA2E9C61" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
8b. Eyes nearly contiguous, separated by extremely narrow interorbital space, almost filled entirely by a bony ridge in both sexes; eyes small, upper eye diameter
<quantity id="FD0A208AFFB0FF9E3279FD54FDC29C46" box="[527,624,767,789]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0287" metricValueMax="1.0921999999999998" metricValueMin="0.9652" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" unit="in" value="4.05" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.8">3.84.3 in</quantity>
HL; anterior teeth on upper jaw enlarged, canine-like; blind side of body not dark in either sex........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="FDF2F6ECFFB0FF9E34D7FCB6FAFB9C61" authority="Amaoka &amp; Ho, 2018" authorityName="Amaoka &amp; Ho" authorityYear="2018" box="[1185,1353,797,818]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Engyprosopon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvipectorale" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E34D7FCB6FAFB9C61" box="[1185,1353,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">E. parvipectorale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0886517DFFB0FF9E3539FCB7FA2E9C61" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,796,818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13B5EC06FFB0FF9E3539FCB7FA2E9C61" box="[1359,1436,796,818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="451" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>