393 lines
56 KiB
XML
393 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="713C93193FCD66FEA88C0E6372E3AF72" ID-CLB-Dataset="35024" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f37895dc-7316-48e6-ac3e-901aa5f79eeb" ID-PMC="PMC4982377" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-608-1" ID-PubMed="27559303" ID-ZooBank="F865473C03374FD2915A0E3DD2299E66" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-608-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 608" ModsDocTitle="Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1470408253360" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Borowiec, Marek L." docDate="2016" docId="FA9647313C96C81B21DB4EFA72DF42D2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 608: 1-280" docOrigin="ZooKeys 608" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427" docTitle="Leptanilloides Mann 1923" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="D563FF93FFEAD163FF9A3E6FFFDDF937" masterDocTitle="Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="280" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="125" updateTime="1701385037927" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D363584A5E8DEAA100F196F686DABFA4">
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<mods:title id="B9528C15618EA8D43828D30F92C35C52">Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A101499D24F3B5227A54EB26511B4CC7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9553815EE22F6667C14C2C1C891A5891">Borowiec, Marek L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BF8F5C6B9A6556AB8DB0A28CBDC7956D">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F6CC263FB07898B4BB4AB527BB7ED3ED">
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<mods:date id="42391CBEF3B76BBF4DAF839C8A048CFB">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C7CB791750486CB9B2F1CDF6B459FCFC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="36E7E06445CCDC8F124372C39B2B6745">608</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="65EA2DFD8CEDF4BAED26EA13649ED4D0">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C2DA5E3090709ABF7D2BBB396C3FACC1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FDF287A49E8F7B909CC6061A5148EF07" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8A9C0663DA7B63C5239608AAD59DD995" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-608-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FA9647313C96C81B21DB4EFA72DF42D2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127875726" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA9647313C96C81B21DB4EFA72DF42D2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA9647313C96C81B21DB4EFA72DF42D2" lastPageId="128" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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<subSubSection id="EEE71E54EF8E991DAD5F29793B8F4346" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="D265470EFE1BC4482DAF9739B7B89EC1" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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<pageBreakToken id="2E17A430198977AF6ED8DB171E32431F" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Hymenoptera Formicidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84D7A871AFC60718CD8FF78BD4963958" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D396909612CAFCA9B6C6D56AF9198AF5" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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<taxonomicName id="C8787C6EDABFE177916753E78121A633" ID-CoL="5CRS" authority="Mann, 1923" authorityName="Mann" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides Mann, 1923</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="27DBF98454DDDFCD5959EA97C5BF4F1A" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FC48883ADB8C003D5B9C523DE5E334F1" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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<taxonomicName id="0B0F0AA19B22CF2D04E7D0B2A15F7217" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">= Amyrmex</taxonomicName>
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Kusnezov, 1953, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CEB368570D15AE894E7D8B6CD70C9212" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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<taxonomicName id="05F85A7BFFB2EEA8B93E41E0FC0ED45A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">= Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="474C90E052A002B6F1314883855086AC" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
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, Diniz, Agosti and Delabie, 1999, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EA3F035748D9A656E111C18ADAA746C9" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="type-species">
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<paragraph id="41C35E9CC1CCB039B94B2AF38D21AC5B" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Type-species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="938C45B3EEF8FC1EA6FCBDC409D00295" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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<taxonomicName id="5404867B1D9A9C01955466E002C784F8" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides biconstricta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biconstricta">Leptanilloides biconstricta</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ACFC3DE2A2269452A346287D35633132" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">This is a lineage of subterranean ants from Central and South America. Its members had been extremely rarely encountered before collecting methods targeting soil-dwelling ants were popularized: 17 out of the 19 currently known species were described after 1998.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D22D97C166D96E2261EA07F9A88F46A7" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2118A95727AE9A3C0762B634A1E3E409" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9DFFB8DC76EF201676428AC63E9E14FA" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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Worker. The workers of
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<taxonomicName id="F876636F31A1495FFFD1214F4224C4F0" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
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are rather variable but can be distinguished from all other dorylines by a combination of promesonotal Pronotomesopleural suture variously developed but often conspicuous, propodeal spiracles positioned low, lack of metanotal
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<taxonomicName id="4305491EF7193CDE4E0ED976FF0BB6AD" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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, absence of propodeal lobes, and small and unarmed pygidium. The positioning of the propodeal spiracle may be rather high on the sclerite in some species and so these could conceivably be mistaken for small
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<taxonomicName id="1EA4A1643DAE16088DD1AA68C0D76000" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Neivamyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neivamyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neivamyrmex</taxonomicName>
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. The latter, however, can be distinguished by a complete lack of a promesonotal Pronotomesopleural suture in dorsal view and abdominal segment IV much larger than the succeeding segment V, with no apparent constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, and VI. Although some larger
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<taxonomicName id="E9BE35C3D43F69F059F0B0A4C0227979" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
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species can have an inconspicuous promesonotal Pronotomesopleural suture, those will have visible constrictions on the gaster and abdominal segment IV and that segment is never much larger than succeeding gastral segments.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6EEC8BAE96AEDFF98A418F237FE66C44" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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Male. The males of
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<taxonomicName id="C3A98CF538459E7F9ECAC05E75AF293E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
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are distinct in their extreme reduction of tegulae. The wing venation is reduced and unusual among dorylines because of the combination of costal cell (C) present in fore wing and discal cell always being open. The males of
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<taxonomicName id="C44E1AA1C0C72BE84EDDED706C891F12" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
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also lack conspicuously bispinose abdominal sternite IX (subgenital plate) characteristic of almost all other male dorylines.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DF8804014A3AF25992C986DEE7CB168A" lastPageId="126" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6C12A2CA8A5D898D453EFE71B978B4E1" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E8246429A09E7084E3280A8A92798A23" lastPageId="125" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
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Worker.Head: Antennae with 12 segments. Apical antennal segment not enlarged, not broader and longer than two preceding segments combined. Clypeus with cuticular apron. Lateroclypeal teeth absent or present.
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<taxonomicName id="A67BF6EE132966662696AC4A8E8363DB" class="Insecta" genus="Parafrontal" lsidName="Parafrontal ridges" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ridges">Parafrontal ridges</taxonomicName>
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absent or reduced. Torulo-posttorular complex vertical. Antennal scrobes absent. Labrum without median notch or concavity. Proximal face of stipes projecting beyond inner margin of sclerite, concealing prementum when mouthparts fully closed. Maxillary palps 2- or, rarely, 1-segmented. Labial palps 2-segmented. Mandibles triangular, with teeth or triangular with median tooth. Eyes absent. Ocelli absent. Head capsule with differentiated vertical posterior surface above occipital foramen. Ventrolateral margins of head without lamella or ridge extending towards mandibles and beyond carina surrounding occipital foramen. Posterior head corners dorsolaterally immarginate. Carina surrounding occipital foramen ventrally absent or present. Mesosoma: Pronotal flange not separated from collar by distinct ridge. Promesonotal connection variable, with Pronotomesopleural suture present, weakly differentiated, immobile or with Pronotomesopleural suture conspicuous and complete, but immobile, or with Pronotomesopleural suture complete and mobile.
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<taxonomicName id="CB616E3CC405D6323747E9ABBB8E407E" class="Insecta" genus="Pronotomesopleural" lsidName="Pronotomesopleural suture" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suture">Pronotomesopleural suture</taxonomicName>
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visible, unfused up to notal surface.
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<taxonomicName id="219BCEE1CDBFD1B197F195F9F25C350C" class="Insecta" genus="Mesometapleural" lsidName="Mesometapleural groove" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">Mesometapleural groove</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken id="AEFABD580CB0DBFCE1A2540DD3A35DA4" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" start="start">weakly</pageBreakToken>
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impressed to deeply impressed and conspicuous. Transverse
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<taxonomicName id="57596AB9823251DCC7F25BBD1D5C9329" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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dividing mesopleuron absent. Pleural endophragmal pit concavity absent. Mesosoma dorsolaterally immarginate. Metanotal depression or
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<taxonomicName id="40F18391CB23E64885700858D421EB0A" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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on mesosoma absent. Metanotal depression or
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<taxonomicName id="5D8644BF71FDC7800AD2DE5AB7A9D1C8" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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on mesosoma present. Propodeal spiracle situated low on sclerite. Propodeal declivity without distinct dorsal edge or margin and rectangular in posterior view. Metapleural gland with bulla visible through cuticle. Propodeal lobes absent. Metasoma: Petiole anterodorsally immarginate or marginate, dorsolaterally immarginate, and laterally above spiracle immarginate. Helcium in relation to tergosternal Pronotomesopleural suture placed at posttergite and axial or slightly supraaxial. Prora simple, not delimited by carina, a simple U-shaped margin, or a V-shaped protrusion. Spiracle openings of abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken id="02C9B87780B7085A1D3615DA31788C6B" originalValue="IV–VI">IV-VI</normalizedToken>
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circular. Abdominal segment III anterodorsally immarginate and dorsolaterally immarginate. Abdominal segment III variable, more than half size of succeeding segment IV, which is weakly constricted at presegmental portion (uninodal waist) or abdominal segment III about half size of succeeding segment IV, which is strongly constricted at presegmental portion (binodal waist). Girdling constriction of segment IV present, i.e. pre- and postsclerites distinct. Cinctus of abdominal segment IV gutter-like, not sculptured or a gradual concavity, not gutter-like. Abdominal segment IV not conspicuously largest segment. Abdominal tergite IV not folding over sternite, and anterior portions of sternite and tergite equally well visible in lateral view. Girdling constriction between pre- and posttergites of abdominal segments V and VI absent or present. Girdling constriction between pre- and poststernites of abdominal segments V and VI absent or present. Pygidium small, reduced to narrow strip, without impressed medial field and simple, not armed with cuticular spines or modified setae. Hypopygium unarmed. Legs: Mid tibia with single simple/barbulate spur, with single pectinate spur, or rarely with two simple spurs. Hind tibia with pectinate spur or rarely with one barbulate and one pectinate spur. Hind basitarsus not widening distally, circular in cross-section. Posterior flange of hind coxa not produced as raised lamella. Metatibial gland present as oval patch of whitish cuticle. Metabasitarsal gland absent. Hind pretarsal claws simple. Polymorphism: Monomorphic.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6149EFCE6003F542F2CE1687BFF50802" lastPageId="126" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
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Male.Head: Antennae with 13 segments. Clypeus with or without cuticular apron.
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<taxonomicName id="DBEE8ED4D02FC8BFA910DD18178FF1BE" class="Insecta" genus="Parafrontal" lsidName="Parafrontal ridges" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ridges">Parafrontal ridges</taxonomicName>
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absent. Torulo-posttorular complex vertical. Maxillary palps unknown. Labial palps unknown. Mandibles falcate or, more rarely, elongately triangular, edentate, or intermediate. Ventrolateral margins of head without lamella or ridge extending towards mandibles and beyond carina surrounding occipital foramen. Carina surrounding occipital foramen ventrally absent. Mesosoma: Pronotal flange not separated from collar by distinct ridge.
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<taxonomicName id="78D8F9D9ECD5379947A41DABA43D2F9B" class="Insecta" genus="Notauli" lsidName="Notauli" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Notauli</taxonomicName>
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absent. Transverse
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<taxonomicName id="D4A00360A293E4A1C8CF7779469FE3EA" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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dividing mesopleuron absent. Propodeal declivity reduced, without distinct dorsal edge or margin. Metapleural gland opening absent. Propodeal lobes absent. Metasoma: Petiole anterodorsally immarginate, dorsolaterally immarginate, and laterally above spiracle immarginate. Helcium in relation to tergosternal Pronotomesopleural suture placed at posttergite or at Pronotomesopleural suture and axial. Prora simple, not delimited by carina. Spiracle openings of abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken id="06B2BB1D821439B071E019438629AD55" originalValue="IV–VI">IV-VI</normalizedToken>
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circular. Abdominal segment III more than half size of
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<pageBreakToken id="25D4BDC26BEC3B3B57FA938305967A38" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" start="start">succeeding</pageBreakToken>
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segment IV; latter weakly constricted at presegmental portion (uninodal waist). Girdling constriction of segment IV absent, i.e. pre- and postsclerites indistinct. Cinctus of abdominal segment IV absent, not impressed. Girdling constriction between pre- and postsclerites of abdominal segments V and VI absent. Abdominal segment IV not conspicuously largest segment. Abdominal sternite VII simple. Abdominal sternite IX simple or cleft, with lateral apodemes reduced, only medial apodeme conspicuous, short. Genitalia: Cupula short relative to rest of genital capsule and of approximately equal length on both dorsal and ventral surfaces. Basimere broadly fused to telomere, with sulcus discernable at junction or no sulcus trace at junction, and ventrally with left and right arms abutting. Telomere gradually tapering toward apex.
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<taxonomicName id="922C119EEC40A98D0681CAAAAF981022" class="Insecta" family="Mytilidae" genus="Volsella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Volsella" order="Mytilida" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Volsella</taxonomicName>
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gradually tapering toward apex. Penisvalva laterally compressed, rounded at apex. Legs: Mid tibia with single simple/barbulate spur or with single pectinate spur. Hind tibia with single pectinate spur. Posterior flange of hind coxa not produced as raised lamella. Metatibial gland absent. Metabasitarsal glands absent. Hind pretarsal claws simple. Wings: Tegula absent or extremely small. Vein C in fore wing present. Pterostigma narrow or broad. Abscissa R·f3 absent. Abscissae Rs·f2-3 present, connecting with Rs+M&M·f2. Cross-vein 2r-rs present, differentiated from Rs·f4 by presence of Rs·f2-3. Abscissae Rs·f4-5 present, fused in absence of 2rs-m. Abscissa M·f2 in fore wing contiguous with Rs+M or absent. Abscissa M·f4 in fore wing absent or present, not reaching wing margin. Cross-vein 1m-cu in fore wing absent. Cross-vein cu-a in fore wing present, arising from Cu and distal to, at or near M·f1. Vein Cu in fore wing present, with only Cu1 branch prominent. Vein A in fore wing with abscissa A·f1 present. Vein C in hind wing absent or present. Vein R in hind wing absent. Vein Sc+R in hind wing absent or present. Abscissa Rs·f1 in hind wing absent or present, shorter than 1rs-m. Abscissa Rs·f2 in hind wing absent or present, not reaching wing margin. Cross-vein 1rs-m in hind wing absent. Vein M+Cu in hind wing absent. Abscissa M·f1 in hind wing absent. Abscissa M·f2 in hind wing absent. Cross-vein cu-a in hind wing absent. Vein Cu in hind wing absent. Vein A in hind wing absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="86D38B1E3198BEA2A40D2CAA8B0123E2" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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Gyne. The queens of
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<taxonomicName id="B36D10BE31FB4D3FF1DD8F37D882E42B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
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collected so far have been
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<normalizedToken id="00F1E422B7D74AC6BE6B8E38D50A7C44" originalValue="‘subdichthadiiform’">'subdichthadiiform'</normalizedToken>
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, or wingless ergatoids with eyes and hypertrophied gaster, including abdominal segment III. The gynes possess eyes but no ocelli. See description of
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<taxonomicName id="255D4605EAE4DF3EF6F801FED4E18D48" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides erinys" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erinys">Leptanilloides erinys</taxonomicName>
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gyne in
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<bibRefCitation id="26D7351E704B91D4EDE53D46C0960E97" author="Borowiec, ML" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 48" title="Three new species and reassessment of the rare Neotropical ant genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Leptanilloidinae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.133.1479" volume="133" year="2011">Borowiec and Longino (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A37EE0EC8B1DCCD8C9061690665D4F1" author="Donoso, DA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="47 - 62" title="Three new species of Leptanilloides Mann from Andean Ecuador (Formicidae: Leptanilloidinae)." volume="1201" year="2006">Donoso et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also reported blind intercastes in addition to a subdichthadiigyne in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93B445798903816DEDE7A588B7777F77" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides nubecula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubecula">Leptanilloides nubecula</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5FD34C303E35F2073C82E756987700BE" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Larva. Larva was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="42A4B3DB8CC9949BF98E1FF5D4048979" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="17 - 36" title="Revision of the Neotropical ant subfamily Leptanilloidinae." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00064.x" volume="24" year="1999 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BFD3DE21D8DCCC221072A104CAFE87BA" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (1999a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Presence of cocoons unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6BBC0C89D5B5FF034CB3A5B48B96ABA0" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="33B27802D69A5485084D0931D2C6EEEC" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="804667D45D639EC7585B99202F373F86" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3E188B6A2E863BA694A224E7DA6C0AE" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a genus found throughout Central America, from Chiapas, Mexico to Panama, and from scattered, mostly high-elevation records from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. It is also present in the Amazon Basin and one species has been described from the Atlantic forest habitat of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="88662C6A16D56D587D47679366B74D11" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo, Brazil. A recent collection from western Texas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="477DA6346D04CDC667794B5A020A5C1B" author="MacGown, JA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" pagination="392 - 400" title="First record of the genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the United States." url="10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.10" volume="4006" year="2015">MacGown et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is a remarkable range extension for this lineage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8DBE21AAFFAE242F4AC821AFCFCCCA2B" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="taxonomy and phylogeny">
|
||
<paragraph id="AFCA1445D37CF3186D7A6758DDCF3498" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="0C3E3B4952766974D260F368E51AAA8E" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" start="start">Taxonomy</pageBreakToken>
|
||
and phylogeny.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F27B03B0C5BCC133BF27E75D9CAA6F0" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C5B1E50E46A6EA23DBD7B9F0A30DE3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described with one species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="36C5C969C91590D104941BD8AA12EB69" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides biconstricta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biconstricta">Leptanilloides biconstricta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in 1923 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3274A40E27BB04891D3A0FA4D46F1736" author="Mann, WM" journalOrPublisher="Psyche (Cambridge)" pageId="206" pageNumber="207" pagination="13 - 18" title="Two new ants from Bolivia. (Results of the Mulford Biological Exploration. - Entomology.)." url="10.1155/1923/58289" volume="30" year="1923">Mann 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Subsequently a closely related genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A09D68006EDC078DBFEB211D225FFD28" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described, along with new
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CE4A170D55C362F0EA0678DE4AA386D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="15C8F665146F6500DB8486C28AB76CA0" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="17 - 36" title="Revision of the Neotropical ant subfamily Leptanilloidinae." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00064.x" volume="24" year="1999 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E843C34528B549CC01594D8FD49D0D04" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 1999a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD7DBBB93630B1CD27EF2CF2503ACF81" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E683B1FEB026DC9F94412B8BAB4376B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
by several characters. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AB1BCC50966192EE97EC001DDC0E95D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
, known only from males, was originally placed erroneously in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="358D6422977723162BCE3328DABF90EA" class="Insecta" lsidName="" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B9EA0A5EC65784588459CA4F61C2B37" author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="215" pageNumber="216" pagination="46 - 54" title="Rediscovery of the ant genus Amyrmex Kusnezov (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and its transfer from Dolichoderinae to Leptanilloidinae." volume="2063" year="2009">Ward and Brady 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Recent descriptions of additional
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F62653B9EF03A295D7957825C251C02D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
species reveal greater morphological diversity of the genus and blur the distinction from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B467C1F6122FFABDC6623F664C62E03" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="20FECF00A98DB8999EE7040D62848CB0" author="Longino, JT" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" pagination="1 - 6" title="A new Costa Rican species of Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: doryline section: Leptanilloidinae)." volume="264" year="2003">Longino 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="717E1DA6A3BAE6687833AF7C62FCF985" author="Donoso, DA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="47 - 62" title="Three new species of Leptanilloides Mann from Andean Ecuador (Formicidae: Leptanilloidinae)." volume="1201" year="2006">Donoso et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="862704AC246EC74A1D216DBEEB117237" author="Borowiec, ML" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 48" title="Three new species and reassessment of the rare Neotropical ant genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Leptanilloidinae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.133.1479" volume="133" year="2011">Borowiec and Longino 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Because of this it has been suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5D14E6AFC735AE1C49283F7A6B9FC16" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
may eventually prove paraphyletic with regards to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6835909B91626B8BFC301937061F309" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
and it has already been shown to be paraphyletic with respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="398A8B98FAAE93181F0EDD87FD5144B4" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D3ABBBED326FE503B47D084397C7243" author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="215" pageNumber="216" pagination="46 - 54" title="Rediscovery of the ant genus Amyrmex Kusnezov (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and its transfer from Dolichoderinae to Leptanilloidinae." volume="2063" year="2009">Ward and Brady 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). No
|
||
<taxonomicName id="716B5648AAF846ADCD34CD34036FAB77" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
have ever been included in a molecular analysis but it is possible that the males described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E96599152624D8B4A287AB970AAA95B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
in fact correspond to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2CC7591C7487FA6A0F2678B613DC2DA2" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Here I propose synonymy of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96EAAF4187BE481BF07C30A240A113CB" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Amyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ECBD05881E474745989DCA2C1C5957F8" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79742127350EFFF7C10353F14327D8C0" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="235CD0690B6C843E840D2D2D15F46A00" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this new sense is easily identified in both worker and males and guarantees more stable taxonomy in the face of potential paraphyly issues, although it encompasses morphologically disparate forms. It is possible that future workers will feel justified to split this genus once again after a better understanding of worker and male diversity is attained.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A478792903ECB3AE47E8306D3173B8B0" author="Delsinne, T" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="1 - 35" title="Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador." url="10.5852/ejt.2015.143" volume="143" year="2015">Delsinne et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provide the most recent key to species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62CD844C0ECAB209CE6BCAAE995EBAC3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
excluding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6F6A5857E11FDE7326FC66438B8029C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the species that were placed in the latter can still be identified using
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D2ACA0F43F731D43F9C49934C87F6695" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="17 - 36" title="Revision of the Neotropical ant subfamily Leptanilloidinae." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00064.x" volume="24" year="1999 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E18C8B2981494022583E846255776675" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (1999a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C071736E0F4E731C076B961816F51BB7" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
The phylogenetic position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0E9C80FB789A1AF897DF2EF4AC50A00" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E09BD53A18E5D0B980D03B3AD849CCDC" class="Insecta" lsidName="" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Dorylinae">Dorylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
was difficult to ascertain with Sanger sequencing data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="56C4DFB8E654A4FEDD7751B968FF9D25" author="Brady, SG" journalOrPublisher="BMC Evolutionary Biology" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" title="The rise of army ants and their relatives: diversification of specialized predatory doryline ants." url="10.1186/1471-2148-14-93" volume="14" year="2014">Brady et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but genomic data suggest that it forms a clade with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="569289DB0058E0BBEB858BF8A4893C0B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
and New World army ants. Several species have been included in morphology-based and molecular phylogenies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E8C4A65D7AF80BA8B8267381BC2F046" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="17 - 36" title="Revision of the Neotropical ant subfamily Leptanilloidinae." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00064.x" volume="24" year="1999 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C2037FD9E6A9C321599D3968A6D34E92" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 1999a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="54B878C1EE50CE6ADF93C831E1DF42B9" author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="215" pageNumber="216" pagination="637 - 649" title="The ant genus Leptanilloides: discovery of the male and evaluation of phylogenetic relationships based on DNA sequence data." volume="80" year="2007">Ward 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="59F2D265CD2386CE5A0765ADCC5B859D" author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="215" pageNumber="216" pagination="46 - 54" title="Rediscovery of the ant genus Amyrmex Kusnezov (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and its transfer from Dolichoderinae to Leptanilloidinae." volume="2063" year="2009">Ward and Brady 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E621E7AF51EFD9BC7E8A0F4CE08503C8" author="Delsinne, T" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="1 - 35" title="Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador." url="10.5852/ejt.2015.143" volume="143" year="2015">Delsinne et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E5CB2AAC4F050229CE121E02456B8BD2" author="MacGown, JA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" pagination="392 - 400" title="First record of the genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the United States." url="10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.10" volume="4006" year="2015">MacGown et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Borowiec, in prep.) but the availability of fresh material precludes a comprehensive analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0481A39DF74B0FC22D9AFA43FF56436C" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="A82A1B0CA56D7A3EB643C42CC6E838F4" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E3E22580F3377770FD8A6BF2CE7CC59" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BBD4A3CB35F74D50B6B99F137BA34832" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides nomada" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nomada">Leptanilloides nomada</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed foraging at night in partly subterranean, partly exposed, columns but the ants did not carry any prey (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DDF60A11A114124B2A9CC902025073BB" author="Donoso, DA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="47 - 62" title="Three new species of Leptanilloides Mann from Andean Ecuador (Formicidae: Leptanilloidinae)." volume="1201" year="2006">Donoso et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DE4C595D850D3E095EBAF6BABB828340" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides nubecula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubecula">Leptanilloides nubecula</taxonomicName>
|
||
the colonies are apparently polygynous, with subdichthadiigyne queens and intercastes present (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1976182CBB4D33EBA7A487912C71F675" author="Donoso, DA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="47 - 62" title="Three new species of Leptanilloides Mann from Andean Ecuador (Formicidae: Leptanilloidinae)." volume="1201" year="2006">Donoso et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but a complete colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8215DC607D6EA7986B994EF1E8467F04" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides erinys" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erinys">Leptanilloides erinys</taxonomicName>
|
||
contained only single subdichthadiiform queen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7153A40BF264A924D7306840CB4E46EF" author="Borowiec, ML" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 48" title="Three new species and reassessment of the rare Neotropical ant genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Leptanilloidinae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.133.1479" volume="133" year="2011">Borowiec and Longino 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Brood apparently develops in synchrony, as all nest collections so far contain larvae of uniform size (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="77894977111E96EBBB5E15A2FB95ABF8" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="17 - 36" title="Revision of the Neotropical ant subfamily Leptanilloidinae." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00064.x" volume="24" year="1999 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2E01FFF717D9DF50A279092D9A179235" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 1999a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0657B9ED8CDCF3F3688CDF318F4C715" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Naturalia (Sao Paulo)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="45 - 47" title="Biologia de Leptanilloidinae." volume="24" year="1999 b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A420B74ED8CBB548C880362D6AA48773" author="Donoso, DA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="47 - 62" title="Three new species of Leptanilloides Mann from Andean Ecuador (Formicidae: Leptanilloidinae)." volume="1201" year="2006">Donoso et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6CFB166D3EFF419DD32BB853383C7B1" author="Borowiec, ML" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 48" title="Three new species and reassessment of the rare Neotropical ant genus Leptanilloides (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Leptanilloidinae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.133.1479" volume="133" year="2011">Borowiec and Longino 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CEBF272A8B42D4D450D162E075BB3346" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Naturalia (Sao Paulo)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="45 - 47" title="Biologia de Leptanilloidinae." volume="24" year="1999 b">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="205B762651862E626BE4F8AECB2FB98C" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (1999b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
summarized the scant information available on species then classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EA8AF1CE6E0998A9062A55335118525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asphinctanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Asphinctanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They report workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1015FE893ED1FE884D9032AC0E8305A2" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides anae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anae">Leptanilloides anae</taxonomicName>
|
||
moving in columns similar to that of army ants, preying on an unidentified, dismembered arthropod under cow dung. This would suggest that this species may not be a specialized predator of other ants, like most dorylines, although it is clear that more observations are needed. As evidence for hypogaeic habits
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4FAEB40ABAE34513DBEDE5F6A9D47022" author="Brandao, CRF" journalOrPublisher="Naturalia (Sao Paulo)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="45 - 47" title="Biologia de Leptanilloidinae." volume="24" year="1999 b">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E022C4A9C2F0B15CB0127D9BA7E6670C" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (1999b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
note that where intensive surveys of leaf litter ants have been carried out specimens have not been collected by that method but only from soil samples. Specimens have also been extracted from stomachs of subterranean amphisbaenians, giving further evidence for the underground lifestyle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EC7B5296FB7E0C050860B623BAD6B24C" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="species of leptanilloides">
|
||
<paragraph id="BAE65570CE87D8C7593469B1A2758E8B" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="3E51138A1E68B2A62EB4D05A4B2C1CAA" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" start="start">Species</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6B318ED2DA85F49A189C5140DA0C5AB" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4E614C855C6F04257C0BE886921AC85" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4E47B472A26EFD619B4F2520A4F9757F" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides amazona" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazona">Leptanilloides amazona</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2D491C8A43E8CA87FED55E9F38E08A9B" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Diniz, Agosti and Delabie, 1999: Brazil, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E3439EC05032BDB94BB65CF85F4E8D65" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="762EC7B93FCD3C750AD52BE119D2BCE2" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides anae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anae">Leptanilloides anae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="25322944DD06D01FA27774AA5D370207" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Diniz, Agosti and Delabie, 1999: Brazil, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3475511762481748876B6DB0FA49CF83" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90E8F79E1B61BDA34A87A12514073345" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides atlantica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlantica">Leptanilloides atlantica</taxonomicName>
|
||
Silva,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A01DB9EDF2F4F0CFF5FE964369BD7FBE" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Feitosa and Freitas, 2013: Brazil
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03068ECBB1EDC764B74690F1782476D" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A06F54C8B502A42AF5D4ACBC1C3BD8" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides biconstricta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biconstricta">Leptanilloides biconstricta</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mann, 1923: Bolivia
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DBA1A1037CAC387172EA3D5D2CD04A1C" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C0B89444241136CBC43DFB6B90BB6CE" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides caracola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caracola">Leptanilloides caracola</taxonomicName>
|
||
Donoso, Vieira and Wild, 2006: Ecuador
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1DAF10066408244E5FAAB512B8B1373F" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0AABD4921AC1064CA661B3F30869B98" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides chihuahuaensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chihuahuaensis">Leptanilloides chihuahuaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
MacGown, Schiefer and Branstetter 2015: United States
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="233C46C3B1A4294E268F1D10F288436F" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3907CEF3180B04AF9967D63D0733D329" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides copalinga" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copalinga">Leptanilloides copalinga</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C364AE6951926316FBBB2AE4BADF827B" author="Delsinne, T" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="195" pageNumber="196" pagination="1 - 35" title="[New species of Leptanilloides attributed to Delsinne and Donoso]. Pp. 8 - 17 In: Delsinne T, Sonet G, Donoso DA (2015) Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador." volume="143" year="2015">Delsinne and Donoso 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Ecuador
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="67F53BC7A620F868E19F4BE460F05233" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2926A4135F2726F5315137418F60C40" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides erinys" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erinys">Leptanilloides erinys</taxonomicName>
|
||
Borowiec and Longino, 2011: Ecuador
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="21D5E97E149D42E20BFCD9E361127369" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FCCA57118BB53E4AD36B4550A292D366" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides femoralis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">Leptanilloides femoralis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Borowiec and Longino, 2011: Venezuela
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D0CF1445AC631CE9AE3B76A82AA191BD" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF866A82366E3CDBA8FC055D26320C1D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides golbachi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="golbachi">Leptanilloides golbachi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kusnezov, 1953: Argentina, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E9157CFD2EBE7301472E6799209FE2A3" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FF24055C93D177ED25C708BC145EC413" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides gracilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">Leptanilloides gracilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Borowiec and Longino, 2011: Mexico
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9D26D77C8DACF7A43AF9375D6641904F" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="356020ECBA502DD57A2F115B17E4AE45" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides improvisa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="improvisa">Leptanilloides improvisa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="087A50ED25E062E40DD035DB5CE3D0CD" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Diniz, Agosti and Delabie, 1999: Ecuador
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D20978CBE41775880F4FEC139F3413F4" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="858C0D42015B33AF8137343466198D40" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides legionaria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="legionaria">Leptanilloides legionaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ED214330361C175413B87C221841DB1B" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Diniz, Agosti and Delabie, 1999: Colombia
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53904569AE1661D9E7BA7D98EFDCD006" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30D96F74C9A1979FCCC55F8D4F17DD62" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides manaura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaura">Leptanilloides manaura</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CF6D4FDE7ED26979F75BE76750C7ECF5" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Diniz, Agosti and Delabie, 1999: Brazil, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4898DF874132AE7C41D38BC73D92EA79" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA8D7FDC854D8312F1E321370DFFBF1B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides mckennae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mckennae">Leptanilloides mckennae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Longino, 2003: Costa Rica
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E746154D84A0DC4DF18754B4AEE46702" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC4D8855004B5CFD14FAACD3D9372128" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides nomada" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nomada">Leptanilloides nomada</taxonomicName>
|
||
Donoso, Vieira and Wild, 2006: Ecuador
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694B8F15E9824D615D53EAF16BDA8155" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA56A284E8832C1EB618220A32AE2AD8" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides nubecula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubecula">Leptanilloides nubecula</taxonomicName>
|
||
Donoso, Vieira and Wild, 2006: Ecuador
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4023BDAFA32BD747FA89ABCD9E2E4768" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7BFB60C961D3939BD2C12D47817E64A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides prometea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prometea">Leptanilloides prometea</taxonomicName>
|
||
Delsinne and Donoso, 2015: Ecuador
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8952089C1F5B9544098BF592B19373AF" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6ABAB6DA13BEF15CC64849B5B32B2AAE" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides sculpturata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sculpturata">Leptanilloides sculpturata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EE39D99FD7E6849D5402B8F4268F36D0" originalValue="Brandão">Brandao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Diniz, Agosti and Delabie, 1999: Colombia
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |