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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.232.108996" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-232-59" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4BA6E778AAE9534C9F0F8DE73D958ECE" ModsDocID="1314-2003-232-59" checkinTime="1694161507261" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Su, Fan, Qin, Xiao-Wei, Wang, Yun-Lei, Wang, Ren-Fen, Hao, Chao-Yun &amp; Tan, Ke" docDate="2023" docId="E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 232: 59-66" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 232" docPubDate="2023-09-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.232.108996" docTitle="Stauranthera floribunda F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="4BA6E778AAE9534C9F0F8DE73D958ECE" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="4BA6E778AAE9534C9F0F8DE73D958ECE" masterDocTitle="Stauranthera floribunda, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Yunnan, China" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1694161807692" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D48ABCE009D3A57A74A2C4049D2EF673">Stauranthera floribunda, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="68807B46ACEC5C575159C411BDEF5CB7">Su, Fan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9E5897D7C2BE0BF54FB192F11D61ED13" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-6133</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D195129F608998B127F76189BFE4E9B2">Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China &amp; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China &amp; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FEDF08612919C886D29C53C9A626A4D5">Qin, Xiao-Wei</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E977EC4C0AB5B6A3B1636EAF51826422" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4930-0632</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="06BB68E510EF4831177F24326C85CEE7">Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China &amp; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China &amp; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E14020175CBD36E1BE6648F8C3AF0FDA">Wang, Yun-Lei</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4D1D66C1B2499B5B19261C197406DBD8">Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="29F204E84FE127027EA6073E84C26366">Wang, Ren-Fen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2947BDABE7A15EC961A37E724447C0A3" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7881-3080</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="ECC94C78D94358E8F61362C5BA40DADC">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China &amp; Gesneriad Committee of China Wild Plant Conservation Association, National Gesneriaceae Germplasm Resources Bank of GXIB, Gesneriad Conservation Center of China (GCCC), Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E8E7B07C967DF9FB35887AEDA152370F">Hao, Chao-Yun</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ADAB470B99138250355195B2D7EBE3EE" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7541-852X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BA48C23FBC11E97DBF9C8BD4FF103AEC">Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China &amp; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China &amp; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F3A18FD15CB0956907570D702865ACD" type="email">haochy79@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A338E7709B5FDA5C813C9D60AF150DBA">Tan, Ke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DA87EBA0BA17596FC991BCD034DF0EAE">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China &amp; Gesneriad Committee of China Wild Plant Conservation Association, National Gesneriaceae Germplasm Resources Bank of GXIB, Gesneriad Conservation Center of China (GCCC), Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="BBECA8D7BD3D04A544B2CBCDAA85E58D">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A309C1227B865C499A9ACECA38D1A1EB">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:start id="47285B0B90016B8E286F7BAADD48F7A0">59</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="19A3167159B95BE5CA2B33DC92763757">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="60D4AFBF94C2FD26A225EC1016783BA9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.232.108996</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="410B8D5BF2330BC1A014DBA6F556858B" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="56C860272D50C13F9E23C5DE1C0D82EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="EBFD5AFADC69CD9103CAC50C8BD8CDCF" LSID="E068B33D-D71B-58FA-9F28-0D8C155B54F7" authority="F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan" authorityName="F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda" status="sp. nov.">Stauranthera floribunda F.Su, C.Y.Hao &amp; K.Tan</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DC057E68976703B8DB304AB58FA62F9E" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A3344F4D266C49DC07AA01D08E705032" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="52C2D1EFE1E21B94E300B9B4D556C4A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<figureCitation id="35A870B84924DE635F5EE775551109FF" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stauranthera floribunda F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan, sp. nov. A habit B cymes C, D adaxial and abaxial views of the whole plant E degenerated leaves F front view of flower G back view of flower H detail of abaxial leaf blade I detail of stamens J detail of pistil K ovary and its cross-section view. Photographs by Fan Su." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.108996.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/902768" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D32853267BCACA84AFAAAA66FDBF8757" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Line drawing of Stauranthera floribunda F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan A adaxial view of the whole plant B front view of flower C back view of flower D detail of degenerated leaves E pistil F hair of abaxial leaf blade G frontal view of stamens H dorsal side of stamen. Drawn by Di Hu." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.108996.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/902769" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="73C27954D046AA21AAF8112816B568A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5E3770F365B36F3C02B2C7C49F2FA332" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B70BEF5DE8AFF471664AB697F4ACA659" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
The new species resembles
<taxonomicName id="FB2DDD67DDE99A8B0CE8A9735EA4C54E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera grandifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
<emphasis id="22428B5FD539BAF3C8EC9A4909B047C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera grandifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in leaf blade shape and corolla, but can be easily distinguished from the latter in the flower number of cymes 2-4 bushes (vs. cymes 1-2 bushes), calyx colour white to slightly purple (vs. green), and bract 1, bracteole 1 auriculate connate (vs. bracts 2, linear opposite) and ovary 1-loculed (vs. 2-loculed) (Table
<tableCitation id="35755E041C588F652280FEC15FA9031B" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological comparison of key characteristics in S. floribunda and S. grandifolia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9DF3881A2C1EAD140D46D3A4D9AB0ABA" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" tableUuid="9DF3881A2C1EAD140D46D3A4D9AB0ABA">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="9DF3881A2C1EAD140D46D3A4D9AB0ABA" ID-Table-UUID="9DF3881A2C1EAD140D46D3A4D9AB0ABA" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9DF3881A2C1EAD140D46D3A4D9AB0ABA" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph id="14A3FE5AF6722D7F097101B8C454B39F" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="D129ACB74E751D103499989C9907DC38" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Table 1.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison of key characteristics in
<taxonomicName id="E1972BF8F6815847372A544EFC0E87BD" class="Eudicots" family="Gesneriaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="75B206FF827BF2F65D629632F1BE4A82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">S. floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1D3161AF4E5663CDA50BFE75674C7EED" class="Eudicots" family="Gesneriaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. grandifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
<emphasis id="9800FA63C59AA95899E66323FA8F8C9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">S. grandifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5BD6CCBEC7380C6C81B587B1D8CC8B62" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<table id="8BE92728CC03BC8169AA9808178A6B97" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<tr id="4454FC681081DFC21D6B27A414658785" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<th id="7E74AC68E04D02ECD6CAC20477C5DAC7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<th id="401D21CFC2905B3A576ECC30FE098A47" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="3810E53D4E27A0E17D1F2AED4DEE684E" class="Eudicots" family="Gesneriaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="EFBF0E268935E51FDE514E2E591C2FEF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">S. floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="8CC48690BBA2824F7FEE4F753FCD9CEB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="F1161CF634861C0D4708CE61B2700D35" class="Eudicots" family="Gesneriaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. grandifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
<emphasis id="37A7F9C4559566F9FB955B3160F8964C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">S. grandifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="01308B50C2E753CAEF172572F59A1B62" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="24B43D69C02215FCAC7656E346A82545" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Stem</td>
<td id="3291D2EFE6C8245925FFBBC957D49D3E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">6-28 cm tall, 5-12 mm in diam., puce, pulverulent</td>
<td id="57C9582D2A83C7397EAA3DE204A27D8B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">10-30 cm tall, 3-10 mm in diam., dark brown, pubescent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5621D05DF4A691741BF4885055554FF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="D80373F0D6F88E3CD4A8C1FB38C03489" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Leaf blade</td>
<td id="C3980B47154B5A5A591164256014439C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">leaves opposite, usually 3-5 pairs, with a normal leaf and a degenerated leaf at the internode, leaf blade strongly oblique, 14-28 cm long, 6-15 cm wide, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface including leaf veins papillose-puberulent</td>
<td id="5EB5006E021842A3E5B79EDA9175E1A0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">leaves opposite, usually 2-5 pairs, with a normal leaf and a degenerated leaf at the internode, leaf blade strongly oblique, 12-27 cm long, 4-9 cm wide, abaxially pubescent or nearly glabrous, except leaf veins</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EE6FC29DC56F1BD57F318135D561988A" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="3E79DEACE9032A308AC527A69A2B9198" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Leaf vein</td>
<td id="259DBFAEEF22196D94C686B24828D824" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">lateral veins 10-13 on the narrow side, 13-20 on the wide side</td>
<td id="ADF3635B4DD9B80A7AF204D7C83E247E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">lateral veins 8-11 on the narrow side, 12-14 on the wide side</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00A76E10629EE2EDFE4BFA8F2DF10C1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="9672F27A5630D0DBF5225B970D381AA0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Petiole</td>
<td id="770FF1407397B757F34840FF03908567" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">4-6 cm long</td>
<td id="83610D3D287494D143B2C79FA339E1B7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">1-3 cm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DF063113BFF8C63C7BEBBAF93E8583CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="8F89EB3DED47F086C735D0A40897F32A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Degenerated leaves</td>
<td id="507F15DF6516B071442FCCC3A01A2F26" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">4-8 mm long</td>
<td id="6D2DF7EA19C775CE754FC4385FAF547B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">3-4 mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="29926D722857E92CD1A3D577BF2B9342" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="E5F3CD3827D73D60F8971D3EA7E84AD8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Bracts</td>
<td id="B13331C55850D889E8B66096DDAA8F5B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">bract 1, bracteole 1, auriculate connate</td>
<td id="6FAA84A1214BD26FDE9EE1D884F652D2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">bracts 2, linear opposite</td>
</tr>
<tr id="153B2A7B6B51E06A2EA71A9E5ED0EA43" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="B2D97759A31C691E80F8A0DF893FAD2E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Cymes</td>
<td id="40C62219A069A4C654F9519C7308FC31" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">2-4 bushes</td>
<td id="202CC6D73D7DE0DB9669F7DA388311E7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">1-2 bushes</td>
</tr>
<tr id="47EB280F27E1384F5B880ACECE879F28" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="F1B0469055F053A0991ACA7E37B15A4B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Corolla</td>
<td id="65BC987C98230E89B62CF63B7FA3570F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">corolla purple or bluish-purple, throat yellowish; corolla tube ca. 5 mm long, orifice ca. 4 mm in diam.; no short spur</td>
<td id="34E2A009F04A33136EEA94AD5EF13343" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">corolla blue-white, throat yellowish; corolla tube ca. 2.1 cm long, orifice ca. 10 mm in diam.; short spur at the base of the corolla</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C9A8E2B6B418D43C62EEC95F39D3E264" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="BA97CA1D03AD349000CD7FFFA2E128B5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Calyx</td>
<td id="B122479EC8038F4F3DD7C9CBAA65A496" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">white to slightly, purple</td>
<td id="09B02C9040758D13AE4425C80A099B15" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">green</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8AAA08AE21BEA7031F4F90D5ABF19B05" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="B1AB08E56C1B3E07C9E726A823837013" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Stamens</td>
<td id="1F22C0D16980B594920F51486D73CDA2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">4, adnate to ca. 5 mm above the corolla base, filaments linear, lilac, smooth, outside two ca. 4 mm long, anthers about 1.2 mm long, sides connected to each other.</td>
<td id="9A050173B80773F88C00009CB3D08F6E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">4, adnate to ca. 3 mm above the corolla base, filaments linear white pilose, outside two ca. 3 mm long, anthers about 1 mm, sides connected to each other.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FE77DFFEE00344412DAC2813E2246C37" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="2B6AD7C4B85C382D2840CC918CED7CF1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Pistil</td>
<td id="ACA38297C72CD2B3E2B141070EFE094E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">ca. 9 mm long</td>
<td id="6FBEBB36DFB4F61FF383CC82C68EA088" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">ca. 5 mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4BFC1D8B7A24CAC9C54DD88B0AFCA3C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="8601C0DDA4D395DCC6AAF314CB9B0D86" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Ovary</td>
<td id="C1DEB83AF9DD41CA239B6364C7096FF6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">subuliform, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 4 mm in diam., 1-located, glandular puberulent about the position from the top to 1/3 of the ovary, the rest of ovary glabrous</td>
<td id="06F75DAEB7472C480B8ACDB4F1D8DA04" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">ovoid. ca. 2 mm long, 2-loculed, glandular puberulent, covering the entire upper portion of the ovary</td>
</tr>
<tr id="92A6AD24F318A7FCF4766570F2A3919A" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<td id="37B2FBECE80C824220EC7A4490C0576F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">Style</td>
<td id="F1FC2A5682D5C79BEBE6C07692353738" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">linear, sparsely glandular-puberulent from the bottom to 2/3 of the style, the rest of style glabrous; stigma 1, covered by densely brownish puberulent hairs.</td>
<td id="26E904D6AB0CF3B602A4913ACC9DBD2F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rowspan="1">style sparsely white pilose, short; stigma large-capitate or bilamellate</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C47DEA9B3E3AB434C22283EA1C23C848" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1226F79C56AB678362BC2D5A8AC91679" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<typeStatus id="97160CDE553BF9FB99B5D3A787C97EBC">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FACE07442F08B6D7A2086C2318A16F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<materialsCitation id="A287BB59CA1D6AF7ED67AE9BEF13E4CB" collectingDate="2023-06-01" country="China" county="Dai Autonomous County" elevation="316" latitude="22.628416" location="Yao" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.11914" municipality="Jinping Miao" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan Province" typeStatus="Holotype">
<collectingCountry id="AD64FDB900DECBF7E1C4ECD96CB7D03C" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="77862F004FA2F22A5246316CE5BC9631" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="40BB9A565F8F2B2F10D4AD08866388FF">Jinping Miao</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="FF085C98F3D986F763CE0E311A3A6D39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7:FF085C98F3D986F763CE0E311A3A6D39" country="China" county="Dai Autonomous County" latitude="22.628416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.11914" municipality="Jinping Miao" name="Yao" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Yao</location>
and
<collectingCounty id="73860090FB58E4CFF1789CF4ACDFC33B">Dai Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="AE141F99ECBC4D5CDB923F58D34A8B51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7:AE141F99ECBC4D5CDB923F58D34A8B51" country="China" county="Dai Autonomous County" latitude="22.628416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.11914" municipality="Jinping Miao" name="Jinshuihe Town" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Jinshuihe Town</location>
,
<location id="1D8908847E53D84A2C61B428F394DB6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7:1D8908847E53D84A2C61B428F394DB6D" country="China" county="Dai Autonomous County" latitude="22.628416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.11914" municipality="Jinping Miao" name="Nawo" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Nawo</location>
,
<location id="8CB4CA1EEE368E05BDE1069C6D41A941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E068B33DD71B58FA9F280D8C155B54F7:8CB4CA1EEE368E05BDE1069C6D41A941" country="China" county="Dai Autonomous County" latitude="22.628416" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.11914" municipality="Jinping Miao" name="Rubber Forest" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Rubber Forest</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3DB536674F8846696314E80F6684174B" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.30" value="22.628416">22°37′42.30″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABB6355FFE68A2B295C657E27F9505A2" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="08.89" value="103.11914">103°07′08.89″E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="ECFA2B6737E1AF8D7260B8FA192D5459" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" unit="m" value="316.0">
<elevation id="075A2632FDEC00112442133EA7895566" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" unit="m" value="316.0">316 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.,
<collectingDate id="5CC09FB1A5AC42F4451F1821EC608269" value="2023-06-01">1 June 2023</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="953FCBD254F22821B4C1544647B5C684" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Fan Su 2023061</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="5D457E141788C69853E33B4EC26FBB7F">Holotype</typeStatus>
: IBK! IBK00451428; Isotypes: NPH! NPH 001940, NPH 001941, NPH 001942)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3ACAF3D444566E574BB7702CAAE9245D" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="96C0F3954ECD28F05D8834EAD7445758" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D8BA5B1E2586DD61D44AE1958412EA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Perennial Herbs, terrestrial, not rhizomatous, up to 35 cm high.
<emphasis id="FE7A7BCE695EEB2B3DEE5C29E60889A9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stem</emphasis>
6-28 cm tall, 5-12 mm in diam., puce, pulverulent.
<emphasis id="6AC711C61FF55B2044448462009607D0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Leaves</emphasis>
opposite, usually three pairs, occasionally five pairs, with a normal leaf and a degenerated leaf at the internode, leaf blade strongly oblique, oblong to elliptic obovate, 14-28 cm long, 6-15 cm wide at the middle, apex acuminate, base cuneate on narrow side, broadly cuneate to rounded on wider side, margin nearly entire, adaxially glabrous, abaxially including leaf veins papillose-puberulent, lateral veins 10-13 on the narrow side; 13-20 on the wider side; petiole 4-6 cm long, ca. 4 mm in diam., puberulous; degenerated leaves, sessile, adaxially green, abaxially greenish, pubescent, cordate to auricular-cordate to auricular-renifor, 2-4 mm long, 8-12 mm wide, margin entire, apex retuse or emarginate, leaf vein 3 pairs.
<emphasis id="D8A3E6CAB5FEBAD58B2B81C1F889893F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Inflorescence</emphasis>
dichotomous cyme, emerging from the axils of the large leaves, 3-9 cymes per plant, dense flowers, 10-20, rare 5 flowers per cyme, peduncles, pedicels, bracts, calyx densely white pubescent, sticky, peduncle up to 18 cm high; pedicels 1.5-2 cm long; bract 1, bracteole 1, green, auriculate connated; calyx broadly campanulate, ca. 2 cm in diam., white to slightly purple, 5-lobed, lobes deltoid, margin entire, longitudinally wrinkled between lobes.
<emphasis id="EAA432B5A309C0216EA09520FC7CDF1A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Corolla</emphasis>
slightly obliquely campanulate, purple or bluish-purple, throat yellowish; corolla tube ca. 5 mm long, orifice ca. 4 mm in diam., upper lip ca. 8 mm long, 2-lobed, lobes suborbicular, ca. 4 mm in diam., lower lip slightly smaller than the upper lip.
<emphasis id="0934B7486A5DAB223B9B87F9DEB39B76" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stamens</emphasis>
4, adnate to ca. 5 mm above the corolla base, glabrous, filaments linear, lilac, smooth, inside two ca. 5 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm in diam., outside two ca. 4 mm long, ca. 0.3 mm in diam.; anthers triangular to cordate, ca. 1.2 mm long, sides connected to each other, dorsal septum slightly raised.
<emphasis id="592CFD3EA2EA36284743DA509F7F443D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Pistil</emphasis>
ca. 9 mm;
<emphasis id="C5C1442634BC7FF27AB88BAA905342AE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Ovary</emphasis>
yellowish, subuliform, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 4 mm in diam., 1-located glandular puberulent about the position from the top to 1/3 of the ovary, the rest of ovary glabrous;
<emphasis id="9ABE5E0210E1515BA06C4803A485008F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Style</emphasis>
ca. 3 mm long, linear, sparsely glandular-puberulent from the bottom to 2/3 of the style, the rest of style glabrous; stigma 1, covered densely brownish puberulent hairs.
<emphasis id="6C19EFAAE8BB5F66001401CBC4D5E3F4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Capsule</emphasis>
globose to oblatoid, glabrous, brownish-purple when young, brownish-black when mature.
</paragraph>
<caption id="9C898B700689BFD6EBB9965D9FAB9508" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.108996.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/902768" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="47DBCEF3A9CF6AB0162C41E53A941AB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="6F597799C3025D43740DB6A7878E6689" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="14C4CFED7850C7D1159ECAE93FA05AAE" authorityName="F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="214C76098C1D11819FA1081716F2EC04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
F.Su, C.Y.Hao &amp; K.Tan, sp. nov.
<emphasis id="612F60DA5ACA127BA1A50C680DFA7F44" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">A</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis id="0E131042B3E95C0009247603A856F6C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">B</emphasis>
cymes
<emphasis id="1A4705DD622EFD19EA4111114FC6DE41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">C, D</emphasis>
adaxial and abaxial views of the whole plant
<emphasis id="E53E54ADCB37DAC39CB9C479FD3ED39E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">E</emphasis>
degenerated leaves
<emphasis id="9E5CF8943142162563B80C39736A2189" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">F</emphasis>
front view of flower
<emphasis id="2A50C9527D33A1F6299F97D494E3E997" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">G</emphasis>
back view of flower
<emphasis id="8E3D68F16BCCFBD383EB998D7DF7A0F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">H</emphasis>
detail of abaxial leaf blade
<emphasis id="249EED72769EEA9366BB715E97037126" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">I</emphasis>
detail of stamens
<emphasis id="C0F26DB8B4496506A49A0AD6ABB63402" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">J</emphasis>
detail of pistil
<emphasis id="B094CA14F7010EC674A7395D92C17128" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">K</emphasis>
ovary and its cross-section view. Photographs by Fan Su.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="384F010AA3750AEEBE349A7F18B5F876" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="C793210715943EE4D66D0A3DB02E7411" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B587035EBC48194B1B88198E0809262" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Flowering in May and fruiting from June to July.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F41BB3B33C8D9DC047CB4BB38B7D36CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="537A97C08DCB80420EACDA61EA197626" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F551AB05FE7656AFE1C26E98EF40233" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="E4E2E717B4A0F55120C59CAFE086A037" authorityName="F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="A99684C242A85AD282267857D51B0D9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which means
<normalizedToken id="40244EC752DFF24F73FB218778E7D536" originalValue="“many-flowered”">&quot;many-flowered&quot;</normalizedToken>
, refers the large numbers of the flowers per cyme and the whole plant of the new species. It is noticeably different from the flower numbers of all other known
<taxonomicName id="F540A37D41C1A4E702B70CA133F3C979" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1835" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="85B06B29C3E077F3D698BEE0C81D6FB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="9100159F143A9CFBDE5DC762E1E18860" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.108996.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/902769" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="A2E6F901C499D4EAD533568CFEA52324" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="D481D604CF56FBD2006385025E4FA804" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Line drawing of
<taxonomicName id="5730C60D8654F67D9BEFB8637F58B1D6" authorityName="F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="753C3C7BB8DB2277EFF1839B75295F6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
F.Su, C.Y.Hao &amp; K.Tan
<emphasis id="770CB5F2DB0F2BFF384359338DC1BE5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">A</emphasis>
adaxial view of the whole plant
<emphasis id="20764B1CB6779B3947C6CB248ACB7B8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">B</emphasis>
front view of flower
<emphasis id="0A703E77BD7069B36F0298B52E50C511" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">C</emphasis>
back view of flower
<emphasis id="20336BD89FF4D49C287B71ECA7FB8AAC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">D</emphasis>
detail of degenerated leaves
<emphasis id="C2A644704AA0BB4A7E5CF684C00B8908" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">E</emphasis>
pistil
<emphasis id="C396A8B9A18C0D50D91CF40C7B4D7E61" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">F</emphasis>
hair of abaxial leaf blade
<emphasis id="FA193D2A808931369251EDDCDB7C9653" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">G</emphasis>
frontal view of stamens
<emphasis id="516B08FFF2BCA078A89E2173A2BC31A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">H</emphasis>
dorsal side of stamen. Drawn by Di Hu.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="44E206A926B427A6D70955D187D344D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="vernacular name">
<paragraph id="B4DEEDB15F7673CD9F2228CA78422736" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1BEE6310614D8898AC5398F5C80D135" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Chinese:
<normalizedToken id="DABD162FD1FBF7E609F96814F48720B6" originalValue="多花十字苣苔">多花十字苣苔</normalizedToken>
(duō
<normalizedToken id="46CE18729C98FDC54CB629AE748E559F" originalValue="huā">hua</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E68BADE766527EDE14A54309F5566C11" originalValue="shí">shi</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3A9FDA56B3F7E557673880B57B9618FE" originalValue="zì">zi</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EA4940D9D974D1CB9D1263F4498E92D8" originalValue="jù">ju</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="19A60A03B8A2F05F8BCFD3E42D7F7893" originalValue="taí">tai</normalizedToken>
). The name
<normalizedToken id="4A46AF6FEB9CC22757168D2754C30569" originalValue="‘duó">'duo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="AB56300AF0936B6289EA768B6E02CA30" originalValue="huá’">hua'</normalizedToken>
means it has more flowers than other species in this genus and
<normalizedToken id="500C889A004149827E809D4CEC5CBB3A" originalValue="‘shí">'shi</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3C216C647367CE1CE80B7FFFEC8B800A" originalValue="zì">zi</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="977921FEFF05DE1F87347B3D94459856" originalValue="jù">ju</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A35618979A2EBEF6AF4A9F95C36C1826" originalValue="taí’">tai'</normalizedToken>
is the Chinese name of
<taxonomicName id="A3E5710BF7D1AB6CC1F77B1D74FAADC4" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1835" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2341061E0ACE8466075E83CD51E23891" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32AB78956FFD84458A5AE9A12BBD5CC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="83CC1258FC7C115ECE0A87AB2C0F7BF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BBF952906944921F5A2FB428D1806497" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Up to date,
<taxonomicName id="769C16B4D68D5EA4F88361F5D5972F52" authorityName="F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="CBE729A98700AFAF39592311454D7664" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known in Nawo of Jinshuihe Town, Jinping County, at an elevation ca. 316 m, near Vietnam, south of Yunnan Province, China. The main companion species were
<taxonomicName id="6C1AB4926D568B1DBA223DF242019A5B" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Araceae" genus="Alocasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alocasia odora" order="Spathiflorae" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="odora">
<emphasis id="E2591737C712D2DB55721015B93814F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Alocasia odora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(G.Lodd.) Spach,
<taxonomicName id="57D49729651B9308FE8532F18B0A9F28" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pellionia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pellionia radicans" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="radicans">
<emphasis id="E38A46645731B1BCF080F34B82D6EE0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Pellionia radicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Siebold &amp; Zucc.) Wedd.,
<taxonomicName id="0AF7E4C00ABCCB43115F13B3E05FCC9D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Thunbergia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thunbergia grandiflora" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="7D7AE65B66E9F65A3298D0A723537902" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Thunbergia grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Roxb. ex Rottler) Roxb. and
<taxonomicName id="1E8BC638A31C32D1B1C374D0F7DE25F9" authorityName="P.Beauv." authorityYear="1812" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1753" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Oplismenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oplismenus compositus" order="Graminales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="compositus">
<emphasis id="3F345BFA6219AAE1C1F60EC5EDAE8818" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Oplismenus compositus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) P.Beauv.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7FE703E0BE9E8704C1B80813C502C9DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="E3CA996184114A7B6E1A722B8B1B929C" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C343008DD9C7775AFF27A5214EE45468" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Since the only known population of
<taxonomicName id="DB01657DE6FB965FB59A1D09C7CF33B1" authorityName="F. Su, C. Y. Hao &amp; K. Tan" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Stauranthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stauranthera floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="5D562529EB2B5864C087F2BE5345248F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Stauranthera floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in the Rubber Forest of Jinshuihe Town, Jinping County, south Yunnan Province, we have not discovered the wild population expected from the above-mentioned location and information known about the population status and natural distribution range of the new species is very limited. Currently, less than 150 individuals have been found in the Rubber Forest. The new species of population, which grows close to a country road, is potentially threatened by human activities. Although no such habitat destruction is currently occurring, this population will likely be threatened in the foreseeable future under the influences of artificial factors, such as rubber cutting. Considering the known population is surrounded by rubber forests, it might survive under strong man-made intervention. Therefore, we suggest that the new species
<taxonomicName id="C14B572AC205B7DACAAEC7586847D559" class="Eudicots" family="Gesneriaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. floribunda" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis id="F1ACC3C394498EAF4E27E94E10355832" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">S. floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be considered '
<emphasis id="16B1B94628140846E520C2B9CFBAD6A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Critically Endangered</emphasis>
' [
<emphasis id="9EFF9336578C760805142E1D7198956E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">CR, B2a,b (iii,iv,v)</emphasis>
], facing a relatively high risk of extinction in the wild) according to current IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="D8447DC6E9EF410918B2E6415B0CDA85" author="Huang, ZJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Botanical Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B3" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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