238 lines
27 KiB
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238 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="CE6CA5FFFE2D172B06CCBAEB401BF67D" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.483.8629" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d41b36b4-2846-412e-bdfa-ef91e08f3be5" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-483-1" ID-ZooBank="08068FC0EAB64443A9AC59642C66FCCA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-483-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 483" ModsDocTitle="First report, morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemaelongatum and X.pachtaicum (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from Ethiopia" checkinTime="1451244549412" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Getaneh, Gezahegne, Bert, Wim & Decraemer, Wilfrida" docDate="2015" docId="0F9A08CE480885F0E7D276165522482A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 489: 1-13" docOrigin="ZooKeys 483" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.483.8629" docTitle="Xiphinema elongatum Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFEC6754C126FF8F79636951FFBDFFB0" masterDocTitle="First report, morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemaelongatum and X. pachtaicum (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from Ethiopia" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1701315197119" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="56F95FC3A234C1CA722B71DA25CE3ADF">First report, morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemaelongatum and X. pachtaicum (Nematoda, Longidoridae) from Ethiopia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="717BB62B07C3211164C7B0DEB9A0EE91">Getaneh, Gezahegne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="14774340AF153CAD6D9CC4F57FB08197">Bert, Wim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E32235F13ED153AF1FBC5579E9949327">Decraemer, Wilfrida</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="7635BED13215BCAED6226F083804E319">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="E37714DCA1625256607671C3A3121F4E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.483.8629</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0F9A08CE480885F0E7D276165522482A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058812" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F9A08CE480885F0E7D276165522482A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F9A08CE480885F0E7D276165522482A" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="BDE31795254554F5E7A393CAD9B0E962" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="F8277912CC50D90AEEC393A657E727D7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Taxon classification Animalia Dorylaimida Longidoridae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48721A90F24972633F1FF13811EC3AB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C5EC84A24CCBE6D846685E17106E2BC6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="0EEDEFC965AE0CB6911E0258FBA49E29" ID-CoL="8GLVM" authority="Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938" authorityName="Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen" authorityYear="1938" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938</taxonomicName>
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Figure 1; Table 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2F16B0F368928C42811266A21299500A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0794A20E70A3A79F0478F3B1D3E8081F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="65BE2B703285ED6CE07FDA9265FE8965" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Female. Body
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<normalizedToken id="220249CE42BFB60D2209E5EF52FAF091" originalValue="‘J’">'J'</normalizedToken>
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shaped, cylindrical, tapering towards the anterior end but more to the posterior end. Cuticle smooth, 1.6-2.3
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<normalizedToken id="B141EB2A47CE210C1C2964EC5D6CDB96" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick at neck region, 2.3-3.1
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<normalizedToken id="BF8AE9277D75471310020E31253AF043" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at mid body and 5.5-6.3
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<normalizedToken id="59D74824D29BE078DEC1C1DAF38C7219" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at tail region. Lip region, well demarcated. Amphidial aperture on lip region 50-59% of lip width. Amphidial fovea
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<normalizedToken id="D6E01CEA9BA2B9901BC913A9DCAAC13E" originalValue="stirrup–shaped">stirrup-shaped</normalizedToken>
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. Guiding ring, about 1/4th of the total odontostyle length from the base of odontostyle. Odontostyle, 1.6
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<normalizedToken id="D59D2047FF6A4137A49A97C72BDEB406" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diameter, 66
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<normalizedToken id="BDE21985DBD6F32D42BDD9260CAA703A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3 (63-73) % of total stylet length and furcated at base. Odontophore well developed with prominent basal flanges 10.9-11.7
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<normalizedToken id="0C5946DB95FF95CEAD93EEC584D1AC3C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Lip width 3.1
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<normalizedToken id="FD1564E55CFD17702575C5ADFF97F914" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.5 (2.5-4.2) % of total stylet length. Female reproductive system amphidelphic, didelphic, branches equally developed. Ovaries reflexed. Pars dilatata oviductus separated from the uterus by a very robust sphincter muscle. No uterus differentiation. Vagina about half body width and perpendicular to the body axis. Vulva, 41% of body length from anterior end. Tail, conoid to dorsally convex conoid, non-digitate, terminal hyaline portion about 27% of tail length (Fig. 1).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="8BC6644C0D690C46A1A3B54B94238A1E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="CBF5ABCF514646A0C9BC132E4F395DC6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 1. Photomicrographs of
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<taxonomicName id="4901D6DC0E1D54F5888EBA5A7EDE1DB3" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="2D714A996EFA0F5C6D0717728AE7D114" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
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. A, C, D, H Body habitus, head region, entire female reproductive part, tail region of
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<taxonomicName id="62C855C21C8B30528686C0CDBBA29481" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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respectively B, E, F, G Body habitus, head region; female reproductive part and tail part of
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<taxonomicName id="01D43DDC7A086421CABC7B0CBD86A7AA" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
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respectively. A = 250
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<normalizedToken id="E97583C679CDF4607E18057DD99F3D6B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; B = 100
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<normalizedToken id="3388F76D343B55692A7F9D2F5C24B243" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; D, F = 50
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<normalizedToken id="F0BC3767C3597A5F817C19BC8D132503" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; C, E, G, H = 25
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<normalizedToken id="CC44ACC84F87874FD439C068329A5DA3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="CD82841826500DD6490EBEFDFE3B4648" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The description of
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<taxonomicName id="348BD126AD29F0CDFA0576FC0DB6F762" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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has been recorded by a number of authors and well studied. It was originally described by
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<bibRefCitation id="F234D09725E13B96489F6A827C782DAF" author="Schuurmans Stekhoven, JH" journalOrPublisher="Exploration du Parc national Albert, Mission GF de Witte" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 229" title="Nematodes libres terrestres." volume="22" year="1938">Schuurmans Stekhoven and Teunissen (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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from a single female specimen from Rutshuru (Zaire) and redescribed by many authors such as
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<bibRefCitation id="E5C1874627DE8893BCA62A81CE4EE06F" author="Tarjan, AC" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="163 - 172" title="Observations on Xiphinemainsigne Loos, 1949 and Xiphinemaelongatum Schuurrnans Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938 (Nematoda: Dorylaimidae)." url="10.1163/187529263X00322" volume="9" year="1963">Tarjan and Luc (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="85675CB29AF9BBB5893417AA36BDBFBE" author="Williams, JR" journalOrPublisher="Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute Paper" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 28" title="Studies on the nematode soil fauna of sugar cane fields in Mauritius. 3. Dorylaimidae (Dorylaimoidea, Enoplida)." volume="3" year="1959">Williams (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="30ABE4A7E92945E9633D20E0D3378188" author="Carvalho, JC" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Instituto Biology Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="223 - 225" title="Xiphinemaitanhaense n. sp. (Nematoda: Dorylaimidae)." volume="29" year="1962">Carvalho (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15BFDEAD385834715D6242A1F5D82D23" author="Timm, RW" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="370 - 372" title="Scutellonemasiamense n. sp. (Tylenchida: Hoplolaiminae) from Thailand." url="10.1163/187529265X00294" volume="11" year="1965">Timm (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="FB9A0D219BA76EB79ECCBA6D1507F016" author="Cohn, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="30 - 65" title="A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Xiphinema Cobb, 1913." volume="4" year="1972">Cohn and Sher (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="02C0441E72B75539B32A187C3396E262" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="92 - 119" title="The genus Xiphinema (Dorylaimida) in Surinam." url="10.1163/187529272X00287" volume="18" year="1972">Loof and Maas (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="71C84D455BDB2E8828F06CC6C650C775" author="Heyns, J" journalOrPublisher="Phytophylactica" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="249 - 260" title="The genus Xiphinema in South Africa. II. X. elongatum group (Nematoda: Dorylaimida)." volume="6" year="1974">Heyns (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="E28A7D4C5E400F5572C40C655BF9189E" author="Williams, JR" journalOrPublisher="Mauritius sugar industry Research Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 19" title="The species of Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) in the sugarcane fields of Mauritius." volume="30" year="1977">Williams and Luc (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="650D1869310E2A9D4120AC458CCBE61F" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="111 - 127" title="Plant parasitic nematododes from Bahia State, Brazil: The genus Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Dorylaimoidea)." url="10.1163/187529279X00442" volume="25" year="1979">Loof and Sharma (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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, and also lately by
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<bibRefCitation id="6D22E28DC476B6DFC92ACE30F65C5BD2" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="35 - 66" title="Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with exclusion of the X. americanum- group." url="10.1007/BF00009600" volume="16" year="1990">Loof and Luc (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9FB1787971B9D569ADBBBD214901F660" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The morphometric data of described Ethiopian specimens were perfectly fit within the twenty-two populations of
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<taxonomicName id="D4C04E9E772028BE7FA095F9ABA0B60E" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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recorded by
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<bibRefCitation id="13F9E23860B75AB5E15EEC9843DA8772" author="Luc, M" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Nematologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="243 - 269" title="Study of biometrical variability in Xiphinemainsigne Loos, 1949, and X. elongatum Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen 1938; description of X. savanicola n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) and comments on thelytokous species." volume="3" year="1980">Luc and Southey (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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from a different country and are fairly similar to records of
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<taxonomicName id="7395C345CEB791F4A781D9EBE1F4D499" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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from Botswana (
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<bibRefCitation id="C02D036436F438CF1B3B8EA399BDE079" author="Heyns, J" journalOrPublisher="Phytophylactica" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="29 - 37" title="Longidoridae from Botswana (Nematoda)." volume="23" year="1991">Heyns and Coomans 1991</bibRefCitation>
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), Guiana and Martinique (
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<bibRefCitation id="CA83559EEA41C04C9BE2626A31BDA3D7" author="Luc, M" journalOrPublisher="Belg. Journal of Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="147 - 183" title="Plant parasitic nematodes of the genus Xiphinema (Longidoridae) in Guiana and Martinique." volume="122" year="1992">Luc and Coomans 1992</bibRefCitation>
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) and Taiwan (
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<bibRefCitation id="B39FA3C57053D8B76D91A32B33C89A77" author="Chen, DY" journalOrPublisher="Plant pathology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="45 - 60" title="Variability within Xiphinemaelongatum populations in Taiwan." volume="13" year="2004">Chen et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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). According to
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<bibRefCitation id="F34DD398390EA3BDB1A7B56E5D834CA3" author="Luc, M" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Nematologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="243 - 269" title="Study of biometrical variability in Xiphinemainsigne Loos, 1949, and X. elongatum Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen 1938; description of X. savanicola n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) and comments on thelytokous species." volume="3" year="1980">Luc and Southey (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="170E7D0617FCE39AEB9042CACD229B29" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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appears to have continuous pattern of variation for some morphometric data and shape of tail over different populations of different geographic location. These authors divided
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<taxonomicName id="4DE89B3F216FB02E259C22854759FA29" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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into two groups upon morphological variation over different geographical locations. The first group, characterized by a shorter tail and longer stylet, all originate from West Africa whereas the second, having a longer tail and shorter stylet, are mainly from east Africa or South East Asia/ Pacific area. According to this suggestion the studied specimen best fit with the second population group of
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<taxonomicName id="7EC6E9F391F420947F160D7682E98E8F" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
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. This species was reported as widespread and common in Africa including neighbor country Kenya (
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<bibRefCitation id="4525F4903D65BC867E108BAB3892E0EF" author="Luc, M" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Nematologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="243 - 269" title="Study of biometrical variability in Xiphinemainsigne Loos, 1949, and X. elongatum Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen 1938; description of X. savanicola n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) and comments on thelytokous species." volume="3" year="1980">Luc and Southey 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4DDF2D73471021309D21F02DEEC8514" author="Heyns, J" journalOrPublisher="Phytophylactica" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="29 - 37" title="Longidoridae from Botswana (Nematoda)." volume="23" year="1991">Heyns and Coomans 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="789600F34DDFCE039E32FECB9D0836DE" author="Coomans, A" journalOrPublisher="Royal Museum for central Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" title="haracter analysis phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Xiphinema Cobb 1913 (Nematoda, Longidoridae)" year="2001">Coomans et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4BD62DB6A6BEE5810539908B98D7F8E6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Accordingly, it belongs to group 7 of the species group, characterized by equal female genital branches, without uterine differentiation, and tail elongate to conical.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D899A1892A765B8BF5A856806297C5EB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
As the revised polytomous key by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C7E8A0023295213FA04F1D7FA3018812" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="35 - 66" title="Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with exclusion of the X. americanum- group." url="10.1007/BF00009600" volume="16" year="1990">Loof and Luc (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, on note 22,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9286152F48F974B7692A931E1E09FBC" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be separated clearly by the characters used in the key. But they can be differentiated by:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B99A03F30BAFA6C2E61BD34431F7D32B" originalValue="c’">c'</normalizedToken>
|
||
= 1.9-3.3; total spear length = 134-178
|
||
<normalizedToken id="824B33EABCF57E38CB3BF517FF919151" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
which perfectly fit with the studied Ethiopian specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7A9B82708A440B657433C8FBE0AF707B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male. Not found.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1CC9D5267BB4297A91946D36169BBF49" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="F74D116CAB13A2767E02863FF966F9C8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Table 1. Alpha-numeric codes of the polytomous identification key for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="672F93C29D3FEE7D0625534E94A84479" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Xiphinema</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A9C863098B4152E89709ACF3F9018A4F" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="35 - 66" title="Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with exclusion of the X. americanum- group." url="10.1007/BF00009600" volume="16" year="1990">Loof and Luc (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EF41A9D75CC716CF2C5041906C71CB56" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the studied specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3101460B83C9EA72237B844ED31D5D71" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<table id="BAC253C3322706B2B0AEA7A95E1FFB0A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<tr id="087B89256B75E4ABE466FEA004B857CB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<th id="004A23ADC577D89305BCC68F2C653D66" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
|
||
<th id="C8C7CA3E67BA9DF0E2E75495A7B68C43" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">A</th>
|
||
<th id="B22FFCB0F5A1E921A3EFBABB611A9062" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">B</th>
|
||
<th id="915B6BE6E8E7FFC57C00B6463FB7678C" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">C</th>
|
||
<th id="271AF9C4707049B5E1FFC47A710CE9B8" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">D</th>
|
||
<th id="5746F203E60E54115B5636B8B419B204" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">E</th>
|
||
<th id="848358D5803CF362CDEFC2EFEAEB953F" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">F</th>
|
||
<th id="A5BD6C5D24C871D28E6C4D5777A71309" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">G</th>
|
||
<th id="EA50B5FE8178F6729F87E8902A058E8A" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">H</th>
|
||
<th id="01E7487ACF9F929CD7B14908C23F5BB5" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">I</th>
|
||
<th id="5D1707E8E7A4A260E1DE28BD4E74EE27" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">J</th>
|
||
<th id="FBA1187A897E6D0F4E88584AE780B694" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">K</th>
|
||
<th id="9D72D120FF2C32D129E57A5792477BD1" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">L</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="6B4ECEF17E131454CC51A64C4A723C64" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<td id="6C3E0675EC5C818FD9EE6F627BA8E5B3" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C9DEFBCEF3F1C95A6750D076E2F6DC6" author="Loof, PAA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="35 - 66" title="Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with exclusion of the X. americanum- group." url="10.1007/BF00009600" volume="16" year="1990">Loof and Luc (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="265435E1BF7C847A356DDC5BA3901203" ID-Table-UUID="265435E1BF7C847A356DDC5BA3901203" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/265435E1BF7C847A356DDC5BA3901203" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="BBED2A4C67443D83723AA1956C0C1C99" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Table 2. Morphometric measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4ECF1D01B4A426B0EE8073FD0C5A5532" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF49482B53955E0BA8597F60E8482CAA" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All measurements are in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BFDC4931DF4F8D3C716027971FA6DDCB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, measurements presented as mean
|
||
<normalizedToken id="433D6E717FF2C6529AFBBB7B2BB2BE11" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
standard deviation (range).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="47ADF67F908CE995E49A8452E0DD37C4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<table id="C536965BA9070B03A4CCFD141C6035D8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<tr id="CA100676EDEC991E29466AE549F20A83" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<th id="D68F5CC4F7F5E6FD97F38DE3A3EE40E8" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="99AFD5A92D7BCE21EA064136A840B549" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema elongatum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="elongatum">Xiphinema elongatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(♀)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="9928C866ECADAD86747832CC8E9AE435" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60362E0C75C32D161E50C4A4CA570CBE" class="Enoplea" family="Longidoridae" genus="Xiphinema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xiphinema pachtaicum" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachtaicum">Xiphinema pachtaicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(♀)
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EB1B4F7B249E85B9948A54AF65DE36A0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="locality and host">
|
||
<paragraph id="E39ADCD107F6B15F8CFF6A5D9612A5F9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Locality and host.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3FF8DA0E3CDB261EF035962651633CD4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The sample materials were collected around the rhizosphere of citrus plant from Melkassa agricultural research center, Oromiya, Ethiopia.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |