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<document id="ECFC02A7445CF0E0CF897B69FB8051EC" ID-CLB-Dataset="9113" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4852.5.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89c8eecf-61a8-4370-9c41-716ec0052d44" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410198" ID-ZooBank="9145FA70-A047-430C-8CF9-B25F25AEAC16" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609598227314" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jaschhof, Mathias &amp; Jaschhof, Catrin" docDate="2020" docId="03EAB92AFB3DFFD5CE9383BB036AFE5E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4852.5.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4852 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Wheeleriola Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof 2020, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="BB0CDFD7-8479-4C2A-B4D7-682AD56DA517" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="567" masterDocId="FFD3C152FB3CFFD7CE0481080276FFD7" masterDocTitle="Wheeleriola perplexa gen. et sp. nov., the first member of Catotrichinae (Diptera Cecidomyiidae) found in New Zealand" masterLastPageNumber="570" masterPageNumber="565" pageNumber="566" updateTime="1698851087971" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9A02F51824E900CE7BD808955427D482">
<mods:title id="B69A2254A99DCD5D9D4E2BCB8B46C7A2">Wheeleriola perplexa gen. et sp. nov., the first member of Catotrichinae (Diptera Cecidomyiidae) found in New Zealand</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="028C98D1831FCB88986EAC2BA7CC2566" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F7DFB0CA6FE339EFD78B116F8F288FFB">Jaschhof, Mathias</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DDF3805B327DEA2D3D1F3CF232C2452E" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3447-1620</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B504A3E9A4FEE9DE2A6ECE5655AEFECA">Station Linné, Ölands Skogsby 161, SE- 38693 Färjestaden, Sweden. &amp; mjaschhof @ yahoo. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3447 - 1620</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2D9508BFB469B5553DBBF30A169DA669" type="email">mjaschhof@yahoo.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9D7F35ACCF657A94C8521613EBE8156D">Jaschhof, Catrin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="997542B2E12D050FC5D3A897453A978E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1030-0934</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EBA45D952840BB027E9ECF0BBE3EC713">Station Linné, Ölands Skogsby 161, SE- 38693 Färjestaden, Sweden. &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1030 - 0934</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DED290B41A52AD0526BAAFE6EF839F9B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9895E84D3F2804FCF92E8A682A126FDA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E3EB18B1667250072FB5EB16230D26FB">
<mods:date id="C4E63D560C5D5C9BE35DEBB343F28901">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3F598AC50DF6D39B825CAA27ECDD3BF1" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="49BF03FA28E8BDAB516383A66B9CFBA5">2020-09-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E4E92B0FA8D5FCBD78D250E15C2B55A0" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E590C2F9938F2C9BD4A46F5914B2EC0E">4852</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3192557CBE8CB30CEB1FB3A6A32856CB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C473D259B7435AF64480AB34A53B0DFD" type="CLB-Dataset">9113</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="33D823CFCE2D1DF9203606455D0C5E0D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4852.5.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5E810AECCA8F215E15C94A32D47E84D3" type="GBIF-Dataset">89c8eecf-61a8-4370-9c41-716ec0052d44</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4001B091A92DD56375E32CFDD999C84E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="79466BA3EACD5CF327FDC4764F2829DC" type="Zenodo-Dep">4410198</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EAB92AFB3DFFD5CE9383BB036AFE5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410186" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176416218" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410186" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BB0CDFD7-8479-4C2A-B4D7-682AD56DA517" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EAB92AFB3DFFD5CE9383BB036AFE5E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">
<subSubSection id="C3595BB7FB3DFFD6CE9383BB03E9FD1A" box="[151,415,691,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFC083CFB3DFFD6CE9383BB03E9FD1A" blockId="1.[151,415,691,718]" box="[151,415,691,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">
<heading id="D0B4BF50FB3DFFD6CE9383BB03E9FD1A" bold="true" box="[151,415,691,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CE9383BB03E9FD1A" bold="true" box="[151,415,691,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CE9383BB035CFD19" ID-CoL="89RQH" authority="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof, 2020" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,298,691,718]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CE9383BB035CFD19" bold="true" box="[151,298,691,718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2046955FB3DFFD6CF3583BB03E9FD1A" box="[305,415,691,717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3595BB7FB3DFFD6CE9383F001FFFCC7" box="[151,905,760,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFC083CFB3DFFD6CE9383F001FFFCC7" blockId="1.[151,905,760,784]" box="[151,905,760,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">
<typeStatus id="54F8B69EFB3DFFD6CE9383F002BFFCC7" box="[151,201,760,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CF2283F00077FCC7" authority="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof, 2020" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[294,513,760,784]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CF2283F00077FCC7" box="[294,513,760,784]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola perplexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2046955FB3DFFD6CC0383F0002EFCD8" box="[519,600,760,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, described below. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3595BB7FB3DFFD6CE93823506E3FA36" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFC083CFB3DFFD6CE9382350192FB83" blockId="1.[151,1437,829,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CE9382350364FC80" bold="true" box="[151,274,829,855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Among cecidomyiids with long first tarsomeres,
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CD538237010CFC8F" box="[855,890,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">i.e.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CD8182360669FC8F" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[901,1055,830,856]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CA2A823606B6FC8F" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1070,1216,830,856]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lestremiinae">Lestremiinae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CAFA823607EEFC8F" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1278,1432,830,856]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micromyinae">Micromyinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CE93826A0356FCAB" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,288,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CE93826A0356FCAB" box="[151,288,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique for its wing venation, which is characterized by Rs being obliquely aligned (
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CAE5826B0772FCAB" box="[1249,1284,867,892]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">i.e.</emphasis>
almost parallel to M
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CEEA82900371FC71" attach="left" box="[238,263,920,934]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">1+2</subScript>
), Rs and r-m perpendicular to each other, M
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CCF58290017CFC71" attach="left" box="[753,778,920,934]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">1+2</subScript>
single-branched and apically faded, and M
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CAE282900698FC71" attach="left" box="[1254,1262,920,934]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">4</subScript>
absent (
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CB4F828E07FDFC77" box="[1355,1419,902,928]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). [A superficially similar pattern is found in
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CC7F82A2014BFC13" authority="Gagne" authorityName="Gagne" authorityYear="2004" box="[635,829,938,964]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Diallactia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CC7F82A2009BFC13" box="[635,749,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Diallactia</emphasis>
Gagné
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD275CDFB3DFFD6CD4982A2060AFC13" author="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C." box="[845,1148,938,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" pagination="1 - 392" refId="ref4248" refString="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C. (2013) The Porricondylinae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Sweden, with notes on extralimital species. Studia dipterologica Supplement, 20, 1 - 392." type="journal article" year="2013">
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CD4982A201C7FC13" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[845,945,938,964]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CDD282A2060AFC13" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[982,1148,938,964]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof 2013</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 25A), a genus of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CF0982C603DBFC3F" authorityName="Panelius" authorityYear="1965" box="[269,429,974,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Winnertziinae">Winnertziinae</taxonomicName>
, where the first tarsomeres are shortened.] In
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CDAD82C60636FC3F" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[937,1088,974,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
other than
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CAB982C60730FC3F" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[1213,1350,974,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CAB982C60730FC3F" box="[1213,1350,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, M
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CB6882E807F0FC39" attach="left" box="[1388,1414,992,1006]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">1+2</subScript>
is furcate, both branches (M
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CFB2850C03C8FBC5" attach="left" box="[438,446,1028,1042]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">1</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CC08850C0062FBC5" attach="left" box="[524,532,1028,1042]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">2</subScript>
) being consistently strong up to the edge of wing, and M
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CA89850C06E3FBC5" attach="left" box="[1165,1173,1028,1042]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">4</subScript>
is present as an equally strong vein whose base enters the transverse vein made of bM
<subScript id="17C70A79FB3DFFD6CD5C85200116FBE1" attach="left" box="[856,864,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">4</subScript>
+ bm-m (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD275CDFB3DFFD6CDD6851E0767FBE7" author="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Fitzgerald, S." box="[978,1297,1046,1072]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" pagination="59 - 66" refId="ref3954" refString="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Fitzgerald, S. (2016) Trichoceromyia oregonensis gen. et spec. nov., a third Catotrichinae from the Nearctic region. Studia dipterologica, 22 (1), 59 - 66. [2015]" type="journal article" year="2016">
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CDD6851E0640FBE7" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[978,1078,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof</taxonomicName>
&amp; Fitzgerald 2016
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8). The new genus is based on male characters, females and larvae being unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC083CFB3DFFD6CEC3855506E3FA36" blockId="1.[151,1437,829,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CEC385550046FBAF" bold="true" box="[199,560,1117,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Other male characters. Head.</emphasis>
Ocelli lacking. Number of flagellomeres unknown, with maximally two retained on one side. Necks of flagellomeres long, without sensilla; nodes subcylindrical, with microtrichia (only basally), setae (only basally), sensory hairs arising from small, hooded alveoli (scattered on distal half with appreciable concentration near midlength), and hair-shaped translucent sensilla (irregularly scattered on distal two thirds) (
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CEA485E60291FADF" box="[160,231,1262,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Palpus with 4 setae-bearing segments (
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CCBC85E60088FADF" box="[696,766,1262,1288]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CD1185E60103FADF" bold="true" box="[789,885,1262,1288]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Thorax.</emphasis>
As described for
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CA4585E607EAFADE" authority="(Jaschhof)" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof" box="[1089,1436,1262,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Trichotoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraterna">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CA4585E60769FADF" box="[1089,1311,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Trichotoca fraterna</emphasis>
(Jaschhof)
</taxonomicName>
except that setae are confined to scutum and scutellum (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD275CDFB3DFFD6CD06841A065AFAFB" author="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C." box="[770,1068,1298,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" pagination="53 - 61" refId="ref4154" refString="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C. (2008) Catotrichinae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Tasmania, with the description of Trichotoca edentula gen. et sp. n. Zootaxa, 1966 (1), 53 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1966.1.2" type="journal article" year="2008">
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CD06841A0110FAFB" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[770,870,1298,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CD8C841A065AFAFB" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[904,1068,1298,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof 2008</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3A).
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CA9F841906AAFAFC" bold="true" box="[1179,1244,1297,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CAEF841A075CFAFB" box="[1259,1322,1298,1324]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) long and narrow, without anal lobe. Membrane fully setose. C without break near wing apex. Sc and CuP present; h and sc-r absent. A fold present above CuA should not be mistaken for a vein.
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CDAF8452019CFAA3" bold="true" box="[939,1002,1370,1396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Legs.</emphasis>
Setae fairly uniform, short; no scales. [Legs of the
<typeStatus id="54F8B69EFB3DFFD6CF22847603FEFA4F" box="[294,392,1406,1432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
broken off behind first tarsomeres.]
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CD20847501D6FA40" bold="true" box="[804,928,1405,1431]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Sclerites entire, with sparse, large setae; first sternite and pleural membrane non-setose.
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CC8684A90086FA6C" bold="true" box="[642,752,1441,1467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Genitalia</emphasis>
more complex than that found in the Australian
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CB2784AA03F4FA37" authority="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Trichotoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CB2784AA07EAFA6B" box="[1315,1436,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Trichotoca</emphasis>
Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof
</taxonomicName>
, including bilobed gonostylus and process-bearing tegmen (
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CA2684CE06FFFA36" box="[1058,1161,1478,1505]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Figs 5–6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3595BB7FB3DFFD5CEC384E1008BFF2E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFC083CFB3DFFD5CEC384E1008BFF2E" blockId="1.[151,1437,829,2008]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CEC384E100B6F9D4" bold="true" box="[199,704,1513,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Discussion of characters and classification.</emphasis>
In spite of its strongly reduced medial veins we regard
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CB2484E202DBF9FF" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CB2484E202DBF9FF" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a member of the
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CF8887060050F9FF" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[396,550,1550,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
, for most of its morphology supports no other conclusion. The peculiar position of Rs and r-m, as well as the lack of the costal break (
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CCFD873A014CF99B" box="[761,826,1586,1612]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) are conditions typical of the
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CA95873A075EF99B" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[1169,1320,1586,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
but rarely found outside that subfamily, as are the flagellomeres (
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CCF2875E014EF9A7" box="[758,824,1622,1648]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) which lack the strictly regular arrangement of sensory hairs into crenulate whorls as is characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CCC28772012EF943" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[710,856,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lestremiinae">Lestremiinae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CD968772065FF943" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[914,1065,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micromyinae">Micromyinae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD275CDFB3DFFD6CA3D8772071CF943" author="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C." box="[1081,1386,1658,1684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" pagination="1 - 333" refId="ref4211" refString="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C. (2009) The wood midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Lestremiinae) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Studia dipterologica Supplement, 18, 1 - 333." type="journal article" year="2009">
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CA3D877206EBF943" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[1081,1181,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CAC78772071CF943" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[1219,1386,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof 2009</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 10A–B). The flagellomeral vestiture of
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CC55879600ACF96F" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[593,730,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CC55879600ACF96F" box="[593,730,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CCED8796015AF96F" box="[745,812,1694,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) differs from that of all other
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CA7387960778F96F" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[1143,1294,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD275CDFB3DFFD6CB188796034BF90B" author="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C." pageId="1" pageNumber="566" pagination="53 - 61" refId="ref4154" refString="Jaschhof, M. &amp; Jaschhof, C. (2008) Catotrichinae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Tasmania, with the description of Trichotoca edentula gen. et sp. n. Zootaxa, 1966 (1), 53 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1966.1.2" type="journal article" year="2008">
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CB18879607F6F96F" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[1308,1408,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CE9387CA034BF90B" authority="Studia" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,317,1730,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" status="trib. nov." tribe="Jaschhof">Jaschhof 2008</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1A) in two details: the sensory hairs are not entirely randomly distributed but tend to form an irregular girdle in the middle of the node, and the thickened, apical section of the neck bears no hair-shaped sensilla (marked by an x in
<figureCitation id="137814B9FB3DFFD6CF76860203C0F8F3" box="[370,438,1802,1828]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,190,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1435,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Male morphology of Wheeleriola perplexa, holotype. 1: Wing, dorsal. 2: Second flagellomere, lateral (x = area with sensilla in other Catotrichinae). 3: Palpus, lateral. 4: Genitalia, ventral. 5: Gonostylus, ventral. 6: Tegmen and aedeagal apodeme, ventral. Scale for 1, 0.5 mm; for 2–6, 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4410200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The lack of ocelli is an unusual condition in
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CDB986020621F8F3" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[957,1111,1802,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
, although also missing in the Nearctic
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CEFB86260086F89F" authority="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald. The" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald. The" box="[255,752,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Trichoceromyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CEFB862603D9F89F" box="[255,431,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Trichoceromyia</emphasis>
Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald. The
</taxonomicName>
genitalic structures of
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CDFD862606F4F89F" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[1017,1154,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CDFD862606F4F89F" box="[1017,1154,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are as complex as those of
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CEB2865A03EAF8BB" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1938" box="[182,412,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Catotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CEB2865A0359F8BB" box="[182,303,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Catotricha</emphasis>
Edwards
</taxonomicName>
, a genus confined to the Northern Hemisphere, although the similarities are superficial and in our opinion not indicative of a sister-group relationship. The overall picture of
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CA29867E06C0F847" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[1069,1206,1910,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CA29867E06C0F847" box="[1069,1206,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is that of a morphologically advanced subgroup within the otherwise predominantly plesiomorphous
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CA4186920696F863" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[1093,1248,1946,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
. As discussed at the end of this paper, there are reasons to regard
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CCC986B60120F80F" authorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2020" box="[717,854,1982,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Wheeleriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3DFFD6CCC986B60120F80F" box="[717,854,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="566">Wheeleriola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as an intermediate link between
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3DFFD6CAD086B6071DF80F" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Fitzgerald" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[1236,1387,1982,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Catotrichinae">Catotrichinae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3EFFD5CE93819F0347FF66" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[151,305,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micromyinae">Micromyinae</taxonomicName>
, although it would be premature to classify this genus in a subfamily of its own. Its classification in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3EFFD5CF3C81B303A4FF02" baseAuthorityName="Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[312,466,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micromyinae">Micromyinae</taxonomicName>
, close to the tribes
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3EFFD5CCAF81B3016EFF02" authorityName=", Jaschhof &amp; Jaschhof" authorityYear="2009" box="[683,792,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Catochini">Catochini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4373BFFB3EFFD5CD4B81B301AEFF02" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1898" box="[847,984,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Strobliellini">Strobliellini</taxonomicName>
, would be a conceivable alternative, but only by employing a less parsimonious argumentation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3595BB7FB3EFFD5CEC3800B036AFE5E" pageId="2" pageNumber="567" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFC083CFB3EFFD5CEC3800B036AFE5E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="567">
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3EFFD5CEC3800B0338FECA" bold="true" box="[199,334,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="567">Etymology.</emphasis>
This genus is named after the North American entomologist and taxonomist Quentin D. Wheeler. In so doing we express our deference to Dr Wheeler’s resolute espousal of taxonomy being a modern, independent and hypothesis-driven discipline of biological science (
<emphasis id="B937D42EFB3EFFD5CD0380430146FEB3" box="[775,816,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="567">e.g.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD275CDFB3EFFD5CD33804301AFFEB2" author="Wheeler, Q. D." box="[823,985,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="567" pagination="571 - 583" refId="ref4428" refString="Wheeler, Q. D. (2004) Taxonomic triage and the poverty of phylogeny. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 359, 571 - 583. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstb. 2003.1452" type="journal article" year="2004">Wheeler 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD275CDFB3EFFD5CDE180430654FEB2" author="Wheeler, Q. D." box="[997,1058,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="567" pagination="4 - 8" refId="ref4473" refString="Wheeler, Q. D. (2020) A taxonomic renaissance in three acts. Megataxa, 1 (1), 4 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / megataxa. 1.1.2" type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
). The gender of the generic name is feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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