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<subSubSection id="C35075B7F722220EFF5D9C23FC38EC1E" box="[136,1015,1332,1359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF5D9C23FC38EC1E" blockId="7.[136,1015,1332,1359]" box="[136,1015,1332,1359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<heading id="D0BD9150F722220EFF5D9C23FC38EC1E" box="[136,1015,1332,1359]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" reason="3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5A0112F722220EFF5D9C23FC38EC1E" box="[136,1015,1332,1359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<treatmentCitation id="0AEB002DF722220EFF5D9C23FC38EC1E" author="Pilger, R. K. F." box="[136,1015,1332,1359]" page="274" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF722220EFF5D9C23FC38EC1E" ID-CoL="5KH8S" authority="(Pilger 1913: 274) Rahn (1974: 75 - 76)" authorityName="Rahn" authorityPageNumber="75 - 76" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Pilger" baseAuthorityPageNumber="274" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[136,1015,1332,1359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="australis" subSpecies="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF5D9C23FE94EC1E" bold="true" box="[136,347,1332,1359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Plantago australis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFE659C23FDF5EC1E" bold="true" box="[432,570,1332,1359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">angustifolia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF722220EFD9C9C21FCC8EC1E" author="Pilger, R. K. F." box="[585,775,1334,1359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" pagination="171 - 287" refId="ref10009" refString="Pilger, R. K. F. (1913) Biologie und Systematik von Plantago Sektion Novorbis. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50: 171 - 287." type="journal article" year="1913">Pilger 1913: 274</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF722220EFCC09C21FC38EC1E" author="Rahn, K." box="[789,1015,1334,1359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref10154" refString="Rahn, K. (1974) Plantago section Virginica: a taxonomic revision of a group of American plantains using experimental, taximetric and classical methods. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 30 (2): 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1974">Rahn (1974: 7576)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35075B7F722220EFF5D9C68FE23EC8E" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF5D9C68FA4FECC4" blockId="7.[136,1408,1407,1430]" box="[136,1408,1407,1430]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5A0112F722220EFF5D9C68FA4FECC4" box="[136,1408,1407,1430]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<treatmentCitation id="0AEB002DF722220EFF499C97FDA9ECC4" author="Pilger, R. K. F." box="[156,614,1408,1429]" page=")" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF722220EFF499C97FDA9ECC4" ID-CoL="4JL9C" authority="Pilger (1913: 274)" authorityName="Pilger" authorityPageNumber="274" authorityYear="1913" box="[156,614,1408,1429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="bicallosa" variety="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF499C97FEC4ECC4" box="[156,267,1408,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">P. bicallosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFEEF9C97FE62ECC4" box="[314,429,1408,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">angustifolia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF722220EFE669C97FDA9ECC4" author="Pilger, R. K. F." box="[435,614,1408,1429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" pagination="171 - 287" refId="ref10009" refString="Pilger, R. K. F. (1913) Biologie und Systematik von Plantago Sektion Novorbis. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50: 171 - 287." type="journal article" year="1913">Pilger (1913: 274)</bibRefCitation>
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. Type:—
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.
<collectingRegion id="498EE8DEF722220EFCF59C97FC63ECC5" box="[800,940,1408,1429]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D13B0E0F722220EFCB19C97FC63ECC5" baselines="1424,1424" box="[868,940,1408,1429]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Janeiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">JANEIRO</smallCapsWord>
</collectingRegion>
: 188586,
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFBCC9C97FB21ECC4" box="[1049,1262,1408,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">A.F.M. Glaziou 16360</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54F1989EF722220EFB2F9C97FA9BECC4" box="[1274,1364,1408,1429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
C!).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF5D9CD1FE23EC8E" blockId="7.[136,1455,1478,2007]" box="[136,492,1478,1503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
See description in
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF722220EFE8D9CD1FE28EC8E" author="Rahn, K." box="[344,487,1478,1503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref10154" refString="Rahn, K. (1974) Plantago section Virginica: a taxonomic revision of a group of American plantains using experimental, taximetric and classical methods. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 30 (2): 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1974">Rahn (1974)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35075B7F722220EFF689CFDFCCEEFAE" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF689CFDFD41EF52" blockId="7.[136,1455,1478,2007]" box="[189,654,1514,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF689CFDFE81EF52" bold="true" box="[189,334,1514,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Illustration:</emphasis>
—Figure
<quantity id="4CB28BD9F722220EFE6F9CFDFE3CEF52" box="[442,499,1514,1539]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.112" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" unit="in" value="28.0">28 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF722220EFE2F9CFDFD45EF52" author="Rahn, K." box="[506,650,1514,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref10154" refString="Rahn, K. (1974) Plantago section Virginica: a taxonomic revision of a group of American plantains using experimental, taximetric and classical methods. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 30 (2): 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1974">Rahn (1974)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF689F19FB28EF76" blockId="7.[136,1455,1478,2007]" box="[189,1255,1550,1575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF689F19FE8CEF76" bold="true" box="[189,323,1550,1575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Poorly known; probably OctoberJanuary (based on the few known collections).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF689F25FD07EF3E" blockId="7.[136,1455,1478,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF689F25FE24EF1A" bold="true" box="[189,491,1586,1611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Habitat and distribution:</emphasis>
—Apparently restricted to the high summits of Serra dos Órgãos,
<quantity id="4CB28BD9F722220EFB1D9F25FAADEF1A" box="[1224,1378,1586,1611]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.125" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" unit="m" value="2125.0" valueMax="2250.0" valueMin="2000.0">20002250 m</quantity>
asl, in
<collectingRegion id="498EE8DEF722220EFF5D9F41FEA8EF3E" box="[136,359,1622,1647]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Rio de Janeiro state</collectingRegion>
, southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F35D66ACF722220EFDD09F41FD86EF3E" box="[517,585,1622,1647]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13713AB9F722220EFD8D9F41FD75EF3E" box="[600,698,1622,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1123,1144]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetId="figure-16@7.[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of Plantago australis subsp. angustifolia (stars), P. napiformis (dots) and P. pretoana (triangles). Refer to the legend of the identification key for the abbreviations of the territories in the map." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13633539" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13633539/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Figure 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF689F6DFCCEEFAE" blockId="7.[136,1455,1478,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF689F6DFE79EFC2" bold="true" box="[189,438,1658,1683]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—Data Deficient (DD). Distribution data about this subspecies is still deficient, as it has never been included in identification keys to
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF722220EFD569F89FD25EFE6" authorityName="von Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[643,746,1694,1719]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFD569F89FD25EFE6" box="[643,746,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Plantago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F35D66ACF722220EFCDA9F89FC98EFE6" box="[783,855,1694,1719]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. This subspecies appears to be restricted to Serra dos Órgãos, thus warranting a threatened status, but more studies are necessary to clarify the distribution, conservation status and ecology of this poorly-understood subspecies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35075B7F7222201FF689E1DFD54E8C0" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF722220EFF689E1DFBBBEE86" blockId="7.[136,1455,1478,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF689E1DFE8AEE72" bold="true" box="[189,325,1802,1827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Discussion:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF722220EFEB49E1DFE3FEE72" author="Rahn, K." box="[353,496,1802,1827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref10154" refString="Rahn, K. (1974) Plantago section Virginica: a taxonomic revision of a group of American plantains using experimental, taximetric and classical methods. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 30 (2): 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1974">Rahn (1974)</bibRefCitation>
, while making this combination, admitted that “It is with some hesitation that I have included all the material cited above in the same subspecies”, as he greatly expanded the distribution of former
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF722220EFA429E39FE63EE3A" authorityName="Pilger" authorityYear="1913" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="bicallosa" variety="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFA429E39FF20EE3A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">P. bicallosa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFEF39E45FE63EE3A" box="[294,428,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">angustifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in attributing to it five collections (at HBR herbarium) from
<collectingRegion id="498EE8DEF722220EFB8A9E45FA8FEE3A" box="[1119,1344,1874,1899]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Santa Catarina state</collectingRegion>
, southern
<collectingCountry id="F35D66ACF722220EFF5D9E61FF1FEEDE" box="[136,208,1910,1935]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. GH examined all these specimens, and concluded that they actually belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF722220EFB939E61FAA5EEDE" authorityName="Rahn" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1094,1386,1910,1935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="australis" subSpecies="hirtella">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFB939E61FB0CEEDE" box="[1094,1219,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">P. australis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFACD9E61FAA5EEDE" box="[1304,1386,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">hirtella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. That would explain why
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF722220EFEA49E8DFD9CEEE2" author="Hefler, S. M. &amp; Rodrigues, W. A. &amp; Cervi, A. C." box="[369,595,1946,1971]" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" pagination="297 - 321" refId="ref9272" refString="Hefler, S. M., Rodrigues, W. A. &amp; Cervi, A. C. (2011) O genero Plantago L. (Plantaginaceae) na regiao Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociencias 9: 297 - 321." type="journal article" year="2011">
Hefler
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFE169E8DFE30EEE2" box="[451,511,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
proposed the synonymisation of this subspecies under
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF722220EFB0C9E8DFF25EE86" authorityName="de Lamarck" authorityYear="1791" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="australis" subSpecies="australis">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFB0C9E8DFA95EEE2" box="[1241,1370,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">P. australis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFF5D9EA9FF25EE86" box="[136,234,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see more details about this misunderstanding under
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF722220EFCEA9EA9FBABEE86" authorityName="Rahn" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[831,1124,1982,2007]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="australis" subSpecies="hirtella">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFCEA9EA9FC72EE86" box="[831,957,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">P. australis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF722220EFBC79EA9FBABEE86" box="[1042,1124,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="233">hirtella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF5263CF72D2201FF6899B7FD54E8C0" blockId="8.[136,1452,160,401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="234">
However, the examination of the
<typeStatus id="54F1989EF72D2201FD9299B7FD61E9E8" box="[583,686,160,185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="234" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF72D2201FD1799B7FC0EE9E8" box="[706,961,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="234">A.F.M. Glaziou 16360</emphasis>
, C), and of high-resolution images of the
<typeStatus id="54F1989EF72D2201FF5D99D3FF16E98C" box="[136,217,196,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="234" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
at K and of another collection attributed to this subspecies by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF72D2201FC5A99D3FBD4E98C" author="Rahn, K." box="[911,1051,196,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="234" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref10154" refString="Rahn, K. (1974) Plantago section Virginica: a taxonomic revision of a group of American plantains using experimental, taximetric and classical methods. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 30 (2): 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1974">Rahn (1974)</bibRefCitation>
from Serra dos Órgãos (
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF72D2201FAFB99D3FF7DE850" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="234">E.H.G. Ule 136</emphasis>
, R) has convinced us that these specimens are indeed distinct from other
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF72D2201FC2299FFFBBAE850" box="[1015,1141,232,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="234" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF72D2201FC2299FFFBBAE850" box="[1015,1141,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="234">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subspecies (
<tableCitation id="C6C81387F72D2201FAD099FFFA92E850" box="[1285,1373,232,257]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[136,224,449,472]" captionText="TABLE 3. Main morphological differences between Plantago australis subsp. angustifolia, P. australis subsp. australis and P. australis subsp. hirtella." pageId="8" pageNumber="234">Table 3</tableCitation>
). This, in addition to the very controversial synonymisation by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB5BCDF72D2201FD2F981BFC1CE874" author="Hefler, S. M. &amp; Rodrigues, W. A. &amp; Cervi, A. C." box="[762,979,268,293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="234" pagination="297 - 321" refId="ref9272" refString="Hefler, S. M., Rodrigues, W. A. &amp; Cervi, A. C. (2011) O genero Plantago L. (Plantaginaceae) na regiao Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociencias 9: 297 - 321." type="journal article" year="2011">
Hefler
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF72D2201FC9C981BFC4EE874" box="[841,897,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="234">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
, who did not see any collections from
<collectingRegion id="498EE8DEF72D2201FA56981BFF30E818" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="8" pageNumber="234">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
, including the type, has led us to propose here the revalidation of this subspecies. This poorly-understood species needs further study to elucidate its morphology, distribution, conservation status, ecology and phylogenetic relationships with other
<taxonomicName id="4C4A5DBFF72D2201FE42986FFDDAE8C0" box="[407,533,376,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="234" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B93EFA2EF72D2201FE42986FFDDAE8C0" box="[407,533,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="234">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subspecies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>