treatments-xml/data/03/D1/87/03D18784FFFCFF8FFCBEFB37FBFAD500.xml

<document id="64086ABAB8E60B27636046BDE47DE5FE" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.sajb.2017.11.020" ID-ISSN="1727-9321" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10496511" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1705062638116" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Elliott, T. L. &amp; Muasya, A. M." docDate="2018" docId="03D18784FFFCFF8FFCBEFB37FBFAD500" docLanguage="en" docName="SAfrJBot.114.303-315.pdf" docOrigin="South African Journal of Botany 114" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.11.020" docStyle="DocumentStyle:AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4.1:SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4" docStyleName="SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Schoenus megacarpus T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="313" masterDocId="FFE8FFFCFFF5FF85FFFAFF94FFAFD375" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Schoenus compar - Schoenus pictus and allies (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae) with three new species described from South Africa *" masterLastPageNumber="315" masterPageNumber="303" pageNumber="312" updateTime="1705581650622" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:title id="E881CF913ADE8600FE5BB09B1D59537F">A taxonomic revision of Schoenus compar - Schoenus pictus and allies (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae) with three new species described from South Africa *</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B6682D1FBDA5A70DF1D3721F2D4E18B3">Elliott, T. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="86D7A341705E9C2EEDDA758519BCE485">Muasya, A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03D18784FFFCFF8FFCBEFB37FBFAD500" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D18784FFFCFF8FFCBEFB37FBFAD500" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D18784FFFCFF8FFCBEFB37FBFAD500" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFFCFF8CFCBEFB37FAE5D7C3" box="[836,1354,1186,1207]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFCFF8CFCBEFB37FAE5D7C3" blockId="9.[804,1475,154,1988]" box="[836,1354,1186,1207]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFCBEFB37FCF9D7C3" bold="true" box="[836,854,1187,1206]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFCFF8CFCA6FB36FB55D7C2" ID-CoL="8X5LV" authority="T.L.Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityYear="2018" box="[860,1274,1186,1207]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacarpus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFCA6FB36FB9BD7C3" bold="true" box="[860,1076,1186,1206]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Schoenus megacarpus</emphasis>
T.L.Elliott &amp; Muasya
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFAF9FB36FAE5D7C3" box="[1283,1354,1186,1206]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23F57FBFFFCFF8CFAF9FB36FAE5D7C3" box="[1283,1354,1186,1206]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3626519FFFCFF8CFAB4FB30FC52D653" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFCFF8CFAB4FB30FC52D653" blockId="9.[804,1475,154,1988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
<typeStatus id="54C38830FFFCFF8CFAB4FB30FA2ED7C2" box="[1358,1409,1188,1207]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Type</typeStatus>
: 
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602FFFCFF8CFA70FB37FCF2D7A7" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFFCFF8CFC9FFB54FBEDD7A7" box="[869,1090,1215,1235]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62A64E1EFFFCFF8CFBB1FB2BFB07D7A7" box="[1099,1192,1215,1234]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Ladismith</collectingCounty>
(3321): north side of 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACE8FFFCFF8CFA82FB2BFCE0D79A" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Garcia's Pass</collectingMunicipality>
, along road to 
<location id="8EA76049FFFCFF8CFC1AFB4FFBEFD79B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D18784FFFCFF8FFCBEFB37FBFAD500:8EA76049FFFCFF8CFC1AFB4FFBEFD79B" box="[992,1088,1243,1262]" country="South Africa" county="Ladismith" municipality="Garcia's Pass" name="Langkloof" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" stateProvince="Western Cape">Langkloof</location>
, approximately 
<quantity id="4C809B77FFFCFF8CFB27FB4FFAA1D79B" box="[1245,1294,1243,1262]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
along road, below powerline, (–CD), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFCFF8CFC1AFB63FBE3D67F" box="[992,1100,1271,1290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" value="2017-07-08">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9BAFFFCFF8CFC1AFB63FBE3D67F" box="[992,1100,1271,1290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" value="2017-07-08">8 Jul 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFBA2FB62FAD5D67F" box="[1112,1402,1270,1290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
<collectorName id="268D5344FFFCFF8CFBA2FB62FB20D67F" box="[1112,1167,1270,1290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Elliott</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="268D5344FFFCFF8CFB49FB62FAB1D67F" box="[1203,1310,1270,1290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Muasya TE</collectorName>
2016_219
</emphasis>
(BOL!, holo.; MT!, NBG!, iso.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFFCFF8FFCBEFABBFE3DD77A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFCFF8CFCBEFABBFB3ED4B6" blockId="9.[804,1475,154,1988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
Caespitose, phyllopodic perennial graminoid with flat leaves. Not viscous. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC82FADEFC1ED62B" box="[888,945,1354,1374]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Culms</emphasis>
terete, (203–)425–510(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFB59FADFFB18D62B" box="[1187,1207,1355,1374]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
712) × 0.3–1.2(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFAAEFADFFAC7D62B" box="[1364,1384,1355,1374]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
2.3) mm. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFCDEFAF2FCCDD60F" box="[804,866,1382,1402]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Leaves</emphasis>
basal, 2–5, flat, firm, not channelled, (24–)146–185(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFA90FAF3FAD1D60F" box="[1386,1406,1383,1402]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
215) × 0.2–0.7(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC8AFA17FC2BD6E3" box="[880,900,1411,1430]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
1.2) mm, up to or exceeding half of culm length, apices rounded, margins serrate. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC18FA09FB88D6C4" box="[994,1063,1437,1457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Sheaths</emphasis>
open, papery, often reddish-purple, but can be almost entirely ivory in colour, not viscous. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFB1EFA2DFAB5D6B8" box="[1252,1306,1465,1485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Ligule</emphasis>
membranaceous, (2.2–)4.3–7.4(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC55FA42FC6CD69C" box="[943,963,1494,1513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
10.5) mm. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFBD4FA41FB0AD69C" box="[1070,1189,1493,1513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
In 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFBBAFA42FBE3D69C" bold="true" box="[1088,1100,1494,1513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">fl</emphasis>
orescence
</emphasis>
a compact spike-like panicle, (14.5–)23.0–39.5(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC36FA66FC4FD570" box="[972,992,1522,1541]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
54.5) × 5–10(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFBA4FA66FBDDD570" box="[1118,1138,1522,1541]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
14) mm, not viscous, proximal rachis length (2.5–)6.5–13.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC0DF99AFBA4D554" box="[1015,1035,1550,1569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
23.0) mm. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFB8BF999FA6DD554" box="[1137,1474,1549,1569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
Proximal primary in 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFADFF99AFA9FD554" bold="true" box="[1317,1328,1550,1569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">fl</emphasis>
orescence bracts
</emphasis>
sometimes envelope entire spikes, lower two to three notably expanded at base with membranaceous extensions on edges, longitudinal veins evident, lowest 31–75(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC16F9F6FBAFD500" box="[1004,1024,1634,1653]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
100) mm long, flat, apices rounded. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFAA1F9F5FA3BD500" box="[1371,1428,1633,1653]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Spikes</emphasis>
few, 2–5, 7.0–17.0(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC4EF9EAFC67D5E4" box="[948,968,1662,1681]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
23.0) mm long. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFB8AF9E9FB6FD5E4" box="[1136,1216,1661,1681]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Spikelets</emphasis>
(5.2–)8.8–11.2(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFA98F9EAFAD9D5E4" box="[1378,1398,1662,1681]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
13.2) × (0.6–)1.7–2.3(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC55F90DFC6CD5D9" box="[943,963,1689,1708]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
3.5) mm, with pedicels, 2–5 spikelets/spike. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFA83F90CFA6DD5D9" box="[1401,1474,1688,1708]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Rachilla</emphasis>
(0.4–)1.4–2.3(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC50F921FC11D5BD" box="[938,958,1717,1736]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
6.4) mm long. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFBBDF920FB26D5BD" box="[1095,1161,1716,1736]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Glumes</emphasis>
4–7 per spikelet, proximal glume (2.2–)2.9–5.7(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC55F945FC6CD591" box="[943,963,1745,1764]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
12.6) mm long, subproximal glume (2.9–)3.8–9.5(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFA54F945FA6DD591" box="[1454,1474,1745,1764]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
13.1) mm long, thick, firm, more or less 2-ranked, reddish-brown, with or without a narrow scarious margin, upper glumes longer in length, apices acute or acuminate. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFBEEF8B0FBF7D44D" box="[1044,1112,1828,1848]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Mucros</emphasis>
sometimes present, proximal mucro (0–)0.2–0.6(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC64F8D5FC1DD421" box="[926,946,1857,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
1.2) mm long, subproximal mucro (0–)0.1–0.4(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFA72F8D5FA33D421" box="[1416,1436,1857,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
0.9) mm long. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC7EF8C8FC7FD405" box="[900,976,1884,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Stamens</emphasis>
(2–)3 per spikelet, anthers 4.0– 
<quantity id="4C809B77FFFCFF8CFB01F8C9FAEBD405" box="[1275,1348,1885,1904]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFA86F8C8FA6DD405" box="[1404,1474,1884,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Stigmas</emphasis>
(2–)3 branched. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC3AF8E3FBE0D4FE" box="[960,1103,1911,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Perianth bristles</emphasis>
3, shorter than glumes. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFAD5F8E3FAC9D4FE" box="[1327,1382,1911,1931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Nutlet</emphasis>
relatively large for clade, 3.2–6.2(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFBE7F801FB9ED4DD" box="[1053,1073,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
7.3) × 1.2–2.4(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFB2AF801FB4BD4DD" box="[1232,1252,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
3.1) mm. 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFAAAF807FA6DD4D2" box="[1360,1474,1939,1959]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Nutlet beak</emphasis>
1.0–2.7(
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFCFF8CFC8AF824FC2BD4B6" box="[880,900,1968,1987]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">−</emphasis>
3.4) mm long (
<figureCitation id="13432A17FFFCFF8CFBEBF824FBE5D4B6" box="[1041,1098,1968,1987]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[90,115,881,895]" captionTargetBox="[139,1425,147,843]" captionTargetId="figure-663@3.[142,1422,150,840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Examples of plants from each of the seven known species of S.compar - S.pictus group found in southern Africa, showing the corresponding inflorescences and spikelets beneath each plant:A,H and O—S.compar; B,I and P—S.arenicolus, C,J and Q—S.pictus; D,K,and R—S.pseudoloreus; E,L and S—S.aureus; F,M and T—S.megacarpus; and G,N and U—S.filiculmis. The black scale bar beside the inflorescences and spikelets in H—N represents 10 mm, whereas the scale bar beneath O—U represents 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496515" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496515/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="13432A17FFFCFF8CFB82F824FB2BD4B6" box="[1144,1156,1968,1987]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[90,116,1905,1919]" captionTargetBox="[95,754,1463,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-862@3.[100,749,1494,1862]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Examples of nutlets from six species of the S. compar - S. pictus group found in southern Africa: A—S. compar; B—S. arenicolus; C—S. pictus; D—S. pseudoloreus; E—S.aureus (immature); and F—S. megacarpus. The black scale bar represents 1 mm.The mature fruit of S.filiculmis is unknown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496517" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496517/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF07661AFFFFFF8FFD94FC23FC70D0B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496529" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10496529" box="[622,991,949,965]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496529/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" startId="10.[622,647,951,965]" targetBox="[351,1258,147,913]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFFFF8FFD94FC23FC70D0B0" blockId="10.[622,991,949,965]" box="[622,991,949,965]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFD94FC23FD33D0B0" bold="true" box="[622,668,951,965]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
Documented locations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFC9BFC21FC75D0B0" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityYear="2018" box="[865,986,949,965]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aureus">Schoenus aureus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFFFF8FFF6BFC6FFE3DD77A" blockId="10.[113,784,1019,1988]" box="[145,402,1019,1039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF6BFC6FFF5ED77A" box="[145,241,1019,1039]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Flowering:</emphasis>
February to May
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFFFFF8FFF6BFB83FD91D67F" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFFFF8FFF6BFB83FD91D67F" blockId="10.[113,784,1019,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF6BFB83FDECD75E" box="[145,579,1047,1067]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
Distribution and ecology: 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFE81FB83FDECD75E" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityYear="2018" box="[379,579,1047,1067]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacarpus">Schoenus megacarpus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is generally a species of the south-central region of 
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602FFFFFF8FFE58FBA0FDB2D732" box="[418,541,1076,1095]" name="South Africa" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, with specimens having been collected from as far west as the Anysberg Nature Reserve and as far east as the Grahamstown area (
<figureCitation id="13432A17FFFFFF8FFE4EFBF8FE4AD70A" box="[436,485,1132,1151]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[579,604,951,965]" captionTargetBox="[327,1235,146,913]" captionTargetId="figure-103@11.[412,1126,173,801]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 8. Documented locations of Schoenus megacarpus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496531" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496531/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). The northern limit of distribution of this species is in the Groot Swartberg Nature Reserve. This species generally grows on relatively high elevation mountain slopes (above 
<quantity id="4C809B77FFFFFF8FFF46FB2BFEA5D7A7" box="[188,266,1215,1234]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
) among fynbos vegetation in the western part of its range; however, in the east it often grows among grassland vegetation at lower elevations (approximately 
<quantity id="4C809B77FFFFFF8FFE3EFB63FD9DD67F" box="[452,562,1271,1290]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="100.0">100–200 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFFFFF8FFF6BFA86FE1FD52C" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFFFF8FFF6BFA86FCA9D69C" blockId="10.[113,784,1019,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF6BFA86FF5DD653" box="[145,242,1298,1318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
The spikelets and nutlets tend to be longer in 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFF8BFABAFF53D637" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityYear="2018" box="[113,252,1326,1346]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacarpus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF8BFABAFF53D637" box="[113,252,1326,1346]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">S. megacarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
compared to other species in this group. 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFD42FABAFF4DD62B" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacarpus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFD42FABAFF4DD62B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Schoenus megacarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar in morphology to 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFDCFFADEFD37D62B" box="[565,664,1354,1374]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFDCFFADEFD3CD62B" box="[565,659,1354,1374]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compar">S. compar</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
however, it lacks the viscous culms and inflorescences of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFDCFFAF2FD3DD60F" box="[565,658,1382,1402]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compar">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFDCFFAF2FD3DD60F" box="[565,658,1382,1402]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">S. compar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the base of its culms are often reddish, as opposed to the ivory culms of 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF73FA09FF47D6C4" box="[137,232,1437,1457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFF73FA09FF4AD6C4" box="[137,229,1437,1457]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compar">S. compar</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Furthermore, whereas the primary inflorescence bracts of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFF8BFA2DFF5AD6B8" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityYear="2018" box="[113,245,1465,1485]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacarpus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF8BFA2DFF5AD6B8" box="[113,245,1465,1485]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">S. megacarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are expanded proximally and have membranaceous extensions, those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFEE6FA41FEDAD69C" box="[284,373,1493,1513]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compar">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFEE6FA41FEDAD69C" box="[284,373,1493,1513]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">S. compar</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are firm and tend to lack such extensions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFFFF8FFF6BFA66FE1FD52C" blockId="10.[113,784,1019,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
After a careful review of 
<taxonomicName id="4C784D11FFFFFF8FFE82FA65FE56D570" authorityName="T. L. Elliott &amp; Muasya" authorityYear="2018" box="[376,505,1521,1541]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacarpus">
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFE82FA65FE56D570" box="[376,505,1521,1541]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">S. megacarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens, we were not able to differentiate specimens collected from mountainous fynbos in the western part of the species range and those collected from lower elevational grasslands to the east.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3626519FFFFFF8FFF6BF9F6FBFAD500" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFFFF8FFF6BF9F6FE6ED500" blockId="10.[113,784,1019,1988]" box="[145,449,1634,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Additional collections examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC73692FFFFFF8FFF6BF9EAFBFAD500" blockId="10.[113,784,1019,1988]" lastBlockId="10.[828,1499,1019,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">
<collectingCountry id="F36F7602FFFFFF8FFF6BF9EAFEA0D5E4" box="[145,271,1662,1681]" name="South Africa" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFFFFF8FFEE1F9EAFE10D5E4" box="[283,447,1662,1681]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">WESTERN CAPE</collectingRegion>
: 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFE30F9EAFD28D5E5" bold="true" box="[458,647,1661,1681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">3319 (Worcester):</emphasis>
Onklaarberg, 
<quantity id="4C809B77FFFFFF8FFF8BF90EFF68D5D9" box="[113,199,1689,1709]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" unit="mi" value="20.0">20 miles</quantity>
south of Worcester, (–DC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFE18F90EFD90D5D9" box="[482,575,1689,1709]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1925-04">Apr 1925</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFDB1F90CFD62D5D9" box="[587,717,1688,1708]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Marloth 6643</emphasis>
(NBG, PRE), 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF50F920FE86D5BD" box="[170,297,1716,1736]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Marloth 6460</emphasis>
(PRE). 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFE8AF921FDB6D5BD" bold="true" box="[368,537,1717,1736]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">3320 (Montagu):</emphasis>
S slopes of the Aynsberg, Little Karoo, (–AB), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFEBFF945FE7ED591" box="[325,465,1745,1765]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1950-05-21">21 May 1950</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFE1BF944FD30D591" box="[481,671,1744,1764]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Esterhuysen 17,039</emphasis>
(K, NBG); Anysberg mountain, next to forestry track on northern slope of mountain, (–BC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFF18F89DFEE3D469" box="[226,332,1801,1820]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1987-02-08">8 Feb 1987</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFEAFF89CFD98D469" box="[341,567,1800,1820]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Viviers, Vlok &amp; Bond 290</emphasis>
(PRE [2 sheets]). 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFD25F89DFF5ED44D" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">3321 (Ladismith):</emphasis>
Gauka Mountain (upper slopes), Calitzdorp, (–BC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFD0CF8B1FF62D421" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1976-04-25">25 Apr 1976</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF2DF8D4FEF5D421" box="[215,346,1856,1876]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Boschoff P342</emphasis>
(NBG); S slopes of the Roodeberg, (–CB), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFD0CF8D5FF7AD405" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1950-05-24">24 May 1950</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF1BF8C8FE35D405" box="[225,410,1884,1904]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Esterhuysen 17,186</emphasis>
(K, NBG, PRE); Garcia Forest Station, lower slope of the Langeberg, (–CC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFE2EF8EDFDFDD4F9" box="[468,594,1913,1932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1950-05-25">25 May 1950</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFDA6F8ECFCA0D4F9" box="[604,783,1912,1932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Esterhuysen 17,227</emphasis>
(K). 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFF65F800FEC2D4D2" bold="true" box="[159,365,1940,1959]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">3322 (Oudtshoorn):</emphasis>
Cango Caves, Swartberg Mountains, next to Swartberg Pass, (–AC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFE89F825FE42D4B6" box="[371,493,1968,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1986-06-22">22 Jun 1986</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFE02F83BFDF7D4B6" box="[504,600,1967,1987]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Vlok 1497</emphasis>
(PRE); Swartberg, (–AC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFC78FC68FC49D77A" box="[898,998,1020,1039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1926-05">May 1926</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC08FC6FFBC8D77A" box="[1010,1127,1019,1039]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Pocock S173</emphasis>
(K [2 sheets], NBG [2 sheets]); Eight Bells Property, (–CC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFBDAFB8CFB05D75E" box="[1056,1194,1048,1067]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1982-05-12">12 May 1982</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFB42FB83FA9BD75E" box="[1208,1332,1047,1067]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Getliffe 1137</emphasis>
(NU). 
<collectingRegion id="49BCF870FFFFFF8FFA85FB8CFCDCD732" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">EASTERN CAPE</collectingRegion>
: 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC84FBA0FBE5D732" bold="true" box="[894,1098,1076,1095]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">3324 (Steytlerville):</emphasis>
Baviaanskloof, Enkeldoorn track, (–CB), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFCC6FBC4FC34D716" box="[828,923,1104,1123]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1977-02">Feb 1977</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC50FBDBFBA8D716" box="[938,1031,1103,1123]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Bond 945</emphasis>
(PRE); Baviaanskloof, Smithkraal-Enkeldoorn track, (–CB), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFC31FBF8FBE1D70A" box="[971,1102,1132,1151]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1978-01-16">16 Jan 1978</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFBA5FBFEFB64D70B" box="[1119,1227,1130,1150]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Bond 1298</emphasis>
(PRE); 
<quantity id="4C809B77FFFFFF8FFADFFBF8FA3ED70A" box="[1317,1425,1132,1151]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8024652799999998" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" unit="mi" value="11.2">11.2 miles</quantity>
W. of Humansdorp on Karredouw road, (–DC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFB23FB1CFAE7D7EF" box="[1241,1352,1159,1179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1960-06-01">1 Jun 1960</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFAA9FB12FA76D7EF" box="[1363,1497,1158,1178]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Acocks 21,083</emphasis>
(K). 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC97FB37FBF5D7C3" bold="true" box="[877,1114,1187,1206]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">3325 (Port Elizabeth):</emphasis>
Zuurberg National Park, Skurwenek, near centre of Sondags River Reserve, (–AD), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFAFCFB2BFAD7D7A7" box="[1286,1400,1215,1234]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1986-04-03">3 Apr 1986</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFA7EFB2AFC4FD79B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">van Wyk &amp; van Wyk 1499</emphasis>
(PRE); Waaicken Farm, Kantiens Catchment basin, (–CA), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFC7BFB6CFC40D67F" box="[897,1007,1271,1291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1974-04-07">7 Apr 1974</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC00FB62FBC7D67F" box="[1018,1128,1270,1290]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Scharf 1324</emphasis>
(K); ‘In collibus arenolis ad Zwartkop river Z4428’, (–CB), Nov without year, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFB2AFA86FAF5D653" box="[1232,1370,1298,1318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Zeyher 12,613</emphasis>
(NBG); Van Stadens Flower Reserve, (–CC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFB6FFABBFA8FD637" box="[1173,1312,1327,1346]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1971-04-16">16 Apr 1971</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFAC9FABAFA76D637" box="[1331,1497,1326,1346]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Dahlstrand 2742</emphasis>
(GRA); Malabar, above asphalt factory, (–DC), without date, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFA62FADEFCC4D60F" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Getliffe 1160</emphasis>
(NU). 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC48FAF3FB3BD60C" bold="true" box="[946,1172,1382,1402]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">3326 (Grahamstown):</emphasis>
Kloof 3 mls S. of Grahamstown, E. of Howieson's Poort, (–AD), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFBA1FA17FB15D6E3" box="[1115,1210,1411,1430]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1949-05">May 1949</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFB38FA15FA9CD6E0" box="[1218,1331,1409,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Martin 2906</emphasis>
(GRA); Osmunda Kloof, Grahamstown, at the head of the valley, (–BC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFAA7FA0BFA79D6C7" box="[1373,1494,1439,1458]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1949-05-01">1 May 1949</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFCC6FA2DFC1AD6B8" box="[828,949,1465,1485]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Martin 2906</emphasis>
(GRA); Kloof entering Harison's Poort from SE about 4 mls from G.Town, (–BC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFBC1FA42FB17D69C" box="[1083,1208,1494,1513]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1954-09-25">25 Sept 1954</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFB3AFA41FA9DD69C" box="[1216,1330,1493,1513]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Martin 3103</emphasis>
(GRA); Osmunda Kloof, head of kloof, (–BC), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFBBBFA66FB10D570" box="[1089,1215,1522,1541]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1949-09-25">25 Sept 1949</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFB33FA65FA83D570" box="[1225,1324,1521,1541]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Martin s.n.</emphasis>
(GRA); Hopewell, (–BD), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFC78F99AFC45D554" box="[898,1002,1550,1570]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1945-01-02">2 Jan 1945</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC0EF999FBD7D554" box="[1012,1144,1549,1569]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Acocks 11,118</emphasis>
(PRE); Alexandria, Bushman's River Poort, (–CB), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFC38F9BEFB82D548" box="[962,1069,1578,1597]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1956-01-05">5 Jan 1956</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFBC3F9BDFB66D548" box="[1081,1225,1577,1597]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Archibold 6143</emphasis>
(GRA); between Narraway and Longford Grange; above Bushman's River, (–CB), 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFABBF9D2FA18D52C" box="[1345,1463,1606,1625]" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1955-10-23">23 Oct 1955</date>
, 
<date id="FFC61052FFFFFF8FFA3BF9D2FC3CD500" pageId="10" pageNumber="313" value="1955-10-23">23 Oct 1955</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B90CEA80FFFFFF8FFC66F9F5FBA1D500" box="[924,1038,1633,1653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="313">Martin 8227</emphasis>
(GRA).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>