904 lines
126 KiB
XML
904 lines
126 KiB
XML
<document id="4244F99EC8CD926B4C61336635952250" ID-CLB-Dataset="29259" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.25" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e0acf53c-5fe6-44d6-89c1-4c521dc8d77d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1446833" ID-ZooBank="4CB8D3D1-EB82-4EAB-A7C4-6DC3A580E669" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538747329176" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shen, Huei-Ping, Chang, Chih-Han & Chih, Wen-Jay" docDate="2018" docId="03C90C35735B8A58FF6AFA3FCAD7E49F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4496.1.25.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4496 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Drawida alishanensis Shen & Chang & Chih 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="307" masterDocId="FFF0744D735A8A5DFFFDFFD1CE0AE533" masterDocTitle="Two new earthworm species of the genus Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from southwestern Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="312" masterPageNumber="302" pageNumber="303" updateTime="1698566709240" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="91BB22470D7EC915D2D3C11673476D61" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="646D61F9E32D4C2F2A2CB234A0D65B2E">
|
||
<mods:title id="8D56FFDEF6EBA99AD3471E84C534E07E">Two new earthworm species of the genus Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from southwestern Taiwan</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="9FA8B230381A288E391335ECCBE04D8A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="8783164A744630AAE14DE7C57F9A3E2B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F1087624802028DA1C01E3F5B0E132E2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5882B18B41369039CD3090511D8D4619">Shen, Huei-Ping</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="8984CBBEE97567784B0F9B0B4024C92E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="662450521AA59D5C52C26932A6C3B50F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0ACE7C7D75651562C482BE84D2B0C288">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C63EDC254C510BAA2F91A209EAFAAE8C">Chang, Chih-Han</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E8A4D466D15B0DA13577B14DBDB4A70D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="200E675C18837B1B7352CA2BA4B11D35">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F387575EB87787D1EF4E3175E3D04211">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F193B20EA6C8016FFF7F22EF003C4302">Chih, Wen-Jay</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="51F4B5DC2AB6B2AC3EBB056F612EF389">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="1DDFF6D866CB18176B275416441FF232" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6D0CA20A06BA3F91F997ABEDAF697EC6">
|
||
<mods:title id="E951C08F144217A2BFF9536097CC2801">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="95A96647D31428195860FF63DE572F6A">
|
||
<mods:date id="C8D2C9CFC8E4A9B0C57A903925AA021F">2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="66F55E09C43436A4706CFE2ABE956DA2" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="A8F82777C982DA67CF75B498157647F7">2018-10-05</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2B69B2284BE11AF6E3D0284F1AF61AAE" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="92283F00FB29B26C44A08BF71BF200A7">4496</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C943F98CBF4813D29C0123FE5DBB4E9D" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="CEA249C02D5D825F526DE1739CF1CED0">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="FB769F3CE0A47694A41E99943EAA505D" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="F78E6607A66648E3831866149CAE0B1B">302</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="DC052ED259709DDD77FB785756ECE103">312</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="8DEC772E9EB4DC1A2AE3F02FFD7CD687">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="04D9E858723708355CD414CDB7CA335B" type="CLB-Dataset">29259</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="048A557B9852BFB6E18CA4F7C6C89D82" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.25</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CC073C8394F3AFB698BBD1BDE13928C2" type="GBIF-Dataset">e0acf53c-5fe6-44d6-89c1-4c521dc8d77d</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5FE10EF4BF71D0847CEFDD2C7273C4B8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="608B12536701E3BF9DBA44CFB539AC37" type="Zenodo-Dep">1446833</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D0E83A11C1062E7F41E3D5ED7D7878B0" type="ZooBank">4CB8D3D1-EB82-4EAB-A7C4-6DC3A580E669</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C90C35735B8A58FF6AFA3FCAD7E49F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5993200" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148639886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5993200" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C90C35735B8A58FF6AFA3FCAD7E49F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C90C35735B8A58FF6AFA3FCAD7E49F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="307" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37AEEA8735B8A5CFF6AFA3FCF0DE319" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735B8A5CFF6AFA3FCCC2E33B" blockId="1.[151,712,1518,1578]" box="[151,712,1518,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
<heading id="D0970A4F735B8A5CFF6AFA3FCCC2E33B" bold="true" box="[151,712,1518,1544]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735B8A5CFF6AFA3FCCC2E33B" bold="true" box="[151,712,1518,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735B8A5CFF6AFA3FCC57E33B" authority="Shen & Chang" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,605,1518,1544]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735B8A5CFF6AFA3FCF96E33B" bold="true" box="[151,412,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">Drawida alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Shen & Chang
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227DC4A735B8A5CFD97FA3FCCC2E33B" box="[618,712,1518,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735B8A5CFF6AF9C0CF0DE319" blockId="1.[151,712,1518,1578]" box="[151,263,1553,1578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735B8A5CFF63F9C0CEF6E319" box="[158,252,1553,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37AEEA8735B8A5CFF6AF988CA7EE279" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735B8A5CFF6AF988CC88E389" blockId="1.[151,1437,1625,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735B8A5CFF6AF988CF07E341" bold="true" box="[151,269,1625,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">Holotype:</emphasis>
|
||
Clitellate (mature) specimen (
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735B8A5CFD9BF988CCBDE342" box="[614,695,1625,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
in total length, dissected), Zhuqi, from roadside ditches around a parking lot at south end of a hiking trail in Longyun Farm, 23°28'57.87''N, 120°42'00.62''E,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735B8A5CFB4DF9ACCB0CE3A6" box="[1200,1286,1661,1686]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.486" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" unit="m" value="1486.0">1486 m</quantity>
|
||
asl,
|
||
<date id="FFDE9BE3735B8A5CFAC0F9AFCED8E389" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" value="2014-04-28">28 April 2014</date>
|
||
, H.-T. Fang (TESRI-O-H-51; Ali046).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735B8A5CFF3AF914CF51E215" blockId="1.[151,1437,1625,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735B8A5CFF3AF914CF42E3ED" bold="true" box="[199,328,1733,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">Paratypes:</emphasis>
|
||
5 clitellates [one amputated (Ali010) and one dissected (Ali009, PCR failed)], Alishan, from roadside slopes and ditches around Dinghu, 23°29'25.28''N, 120°43'16.77''E,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735B8A5CFC07F938CA45E232" box="[1018,1103,1769,1794]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.661" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" unit="m" value="1661.0">1661 m</quantity>
|
||
asl,
|
||
<date id="FFDE9BE3735B8A5CFB7EF938CB1DE231" box="[1155,1303,1769,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" value="2013-07-25">25 July 2013</date>
|
||
, H.-T. Fang (TESRI-O-P-46).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735B8A5CFF3AF8E0CA7EE279" blockId="1.[151,1437,1625,2010]" box="[199,1140,1841,1866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735B8A5CFF3AF8E0CF8BE279" bold="true" box="[199,385,1841,1866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">Other material.</emphasis>
|
||
1 clitellate, same collection data as holotype (TESRI-O-
|
||
<date id="FFDE9BE3735B8A5CFBF9F8E3CA62E279" box="[1028,1128,1842,1866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" value="2014-07-08">2014-8-7</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37AEEA8735B8A5FFF3AF884CEECE473" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735B8A5FFF3AF884CEECE473" blockId="1.[151,1437,1625,2010]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735B8A5CFF3AF884CF4BE25D" bold="true" box="[199,321,1877,1902]" pageId="1" pageNumber="303">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Small, length
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735B8A5CFE13F884CC67E25E" box="[494,621,1877,1902]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="35.0">35–50 mm</quantity>
|
||
, weight
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735B8A5CFD2EF887CD51E25D" box="[723,859,1878,1902]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" unit="g" value="0.11" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.14 g</quantity>
|
||
in 95% ethanol, diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735B8A5CFB69F884CB2BE25E" box="[1172,1313,1877,1902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Segments numbering 85–95. Prostomium prolobous. Dorsal pores absent. Setae lumbricine, short and closely paired. Clitellum in X–XIII, swollen, paler than rest of the body. Spermathecal pores one pair in 7/8. Penes usually wholly concealed or slightly visible externally. Secondary male aperture not visible or slit-like in 10/11. Female pores minute, hardly visible, one pair on anterior-most border of XII, each pore in line with seta b. Genital markings absent. Gizzards two in XII–XIII. Testis sacs one pair, large, each suspended on septum 9/10. Sperm duct short, slightly curved. Male atrium follicular, cotton-like, transversely elongated oval-shaped. Spermathecae one pair. Ampulla small, oval-shaped, with slender, coiled duct. Spermathecal atrium small, oval-shaped. Accessory glands absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF1FEDAB73588A5FFF6AF8BCCD6AE2EC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="304" startId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" targetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD2373588A5FFF6AF8BCCD6AE2EC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1901,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="304">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173588A5FFF6AF8BCCF1EE2B0" bold="true" box="[151,276,1901,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="304">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073588A5FFEE6F8BCCFF3E2B0" authority="Shen & Chang & Chih, 2018" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[283,505,1901,1923]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173588A5FFEE6F8BCCFF3E2B0" box="[283,505,1901,1923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="304">Drawida alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173588A5FFDFCF8BFCC79E2B0" bold="true" box="[513,627,1902,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="304">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227DC4A73588A5FFDFCF8BFCC58E2B0" box="[513,594,1902,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore).
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173588A5FFE3CF85DCFD2E292" bold="true" box="[449,472,1932,1953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="304">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore).
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173588A5FFA7EF85DCB96E291" bold="true" box="[1411,1436,1932,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="304">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173588A5FFBE7F87ACA38E2F3" bold="true" box="[1050,1074,1963,1984]" pageId="2" pageNumber="304">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37AEEA873598A5EFF3AFF46CF02E6B7" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD2373598A5EFF3AFF46CAB4E483" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFF3AFF46CF53E583" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
External: Length
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFDD3FF46CCA1E59C" box="[558,683,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="35.0">35–50 mm</quantity>
|
||
(amputated specimen not included), weight
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFB49FF49CB37E583" box="[1204,1341,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="g" value="0.11" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.14 g</quantity>
|
||
in 95% ethanol, diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFE9AFF6DCFFFE5E7" box="[359,501,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Segments numbering 85–95. Prostomium prolobous. Dorsal pores absent. Setae lumbricine (eight setae per segment), short and closely paired, ab = cd, aa = bc, aa
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFBD3FF32CA40E5CF" bold="true" box="[1070,1098,227,252]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Ề</emphasis>
|
||
6 ab, dd greater than 0.5 body circumference. Clitellum in X–XIII, swollen, paler than rest of the body. Spermathecal pores one pair in 7/8, each pore small, slit-like, edge slightly wrinkled, medial to seta c. Penes usually wholly concealed in retracted condition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A673598A5EFF62FE9ECEFCE45B" box="[159,246,335,360]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) or slightly visible externally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A673598A5EFDABFE9ECCA7E45B" box="[598,685,335,360]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Secondary male aperture not visible or slit-like in 10/11. Female pores minute, hardly visible, one pair on anterior-most border of XII, each pore in line with seta b. Genital markings absent. Preserved specimens grayish or pale gray, and paler or pink around clitellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD2373598A5EFF3AFE6ACCE5E60F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
Internal: Septa 5/6–8/9 thick and muscular, 9/10 thin. Gizzards two in XII–XIII, round, white, muscular and shining. Hearts four pairs in VI–IX. Nephridia holoic. Testis sacs one pair, large, white or yellowish white, elongated oval-shaped, each suspended on septum 9/10,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFCE9FDD2CD91E728" box="[788,923,515,540]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFBC0FDD2CAEBE728" box="[1085,1249,515,540]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.305" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.16" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="1.305" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="1.16">1.16–1.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width. Sperm duct short, slightly curved, entirely confined to segment X, entering the upper right side of the male atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A673598A5EFA92FDF6CEB6E757" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male atrium white, follicular, cotton-like, transversely elongated oval-shaped, about
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFB65FD9ACAF4E750" box="[1176,1278,587,612]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFF6AFDBECF37E7B4" box="[151,317,623,648]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.55">0.55–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width. Ovarian chamber formed by septa
|
||
<date id="FFDE9BE373598A5EFCB4FDA1CA0EE7BB" box="[841,1028,623,648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" value="2012-10-11" valueMax="2012-10-11" valueMin="2012-10-11">10/11 and 11/12</date>
|
||
, meeting in front of the gizzard on dorsal side. One pair of follicular, yellowish ovisacs dorso-lateral on both sides of the digestive tract, occupying the entire compartment of segment XII. Spermathecae one pair, ampulla posterior while spermathecal atrium anterior to septum 7/8. Ampulla small, oval-shaped,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFD7EFD0ACD2CE7C0" box="[643,806,731,756]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.85" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="0.685" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.62">0.62–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and about
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFC2AFD0ACA27E7C0" box="[983,1069,731,756]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, its duct long, slender, with two coils and a loop and then becoming straight to join the spermathecal atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A673598A5EFBB4FD2ECAA9E62B" box="[1097,1187,767,792]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Atrium small, ovalshaped, about
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFEC5FCF5CF84E608" box="[312,398,804,828]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Accessory glands absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD2373598A5EFF3AFC96CF02E6B7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFF3AFC96CF8CE653" bold="true" box="[199,390,839,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">DNA barcodes.</emphasis>
|
||
GenBank accession numbers
|
||
<accessionNumber id="943320C073598A5EFD06FC96CD71E653" box="[763,891,839,864]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH051135" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
MH
|
||
<date id="FFDE9BE373598A5EFCD5FC96CD71E653" box="[808,891,839,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" value="35-05-11">051135</date>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
(Ali046, holotype) and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="943320C073598A5EFB53FC96CB24E653" box="[1198,1326,839,864]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH051134" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
MH
|
||
<date id="FFDE9BE373598A5EFB27FC96CB24E653" box="[1242,1326,839,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" value="34-05-11">051134</date>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
(Ali010, paratype).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37AEEA873598A5EFF3AFC5ECC2AE6FF" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD2373598A5EFF3AFC5ECC2AE6FF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFF3AFC5ECF44E69B" bold="true" box="[199,334,911,936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFE2CFC41CC51E69B" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[465,603,912,936]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFE2CFC41CC51E69B" box="[465,603,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is given to this species with reference to its
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB038173598A5EFB9EFC41CA99E69B" box="[1123,1171,912,936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in the Alishan area,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A473C173598A5EFF29FC62CF2BE6FF" box="[212,289,947,972]" country="Taiwan" name="Chiayi" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Chiayi</collectingRegion>
|
||
, southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB373598A5EFE3AFC62CC17E6FF" box="[455,541,947,972]" name="Taiwan" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37AEEA873598A59FF3AFC06CA76E5E7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD2373598A5EFF3AFC06CA74E0F7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFF3AFC06CF30E6C3" bold="true" box="[199,314,983,1008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In contrast to the long, twisted sperm ducts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFC95FC08CDFCE6DC" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[872,1014,984,1008]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFC95FC08CDFCE6DC" box="[872,1014,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFBF5FC08CA9AE6C3" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1032,1168,984,1008]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFBF5FC08CA9AE6C3" box="[1032,1168,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. koreana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFB5CFC08CB31E6C3" authorityName="Shen & Chang" authorityYear="2015" box="[1185,1339,984,1008]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beiganica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFB5CFC08CB31E6C3" box="[1185,1339,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. beiganica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFA84FC08CF18E127" authorityName="Shen & Chih" authorityYear="2015" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dongyinica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFA84FC08CF18E127" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. dongyinica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB373598A5EFE3EFC2ACC1EE127" box="[451,532,1019,1044]" name="Taiwan" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A473C173598A5EFDACFC2DCC9CE120" box="[593,662,1020,1043]" country="Taiwan" name="Lienchiang" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Matsu</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFD55FC2ACD66E127" box="[680,876,1019,1044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6963" refString="Shen, H. - P., Chang, C. - H. & Chih, W. - J. (2015) Earthworms from Matsu, Taiwan with descriptions of new species of the genera Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) and Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae). Zootaxa, 3973 (3), 425 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3973.3.2" type="journal article">
|
||
Shen
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFD11FC2DCD15E127" box="[748,799,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the simple structure of sperm duct of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFAC4FC2DCF2AE10B" authority="Shen & Chang & Chih, 2018" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFAC4FC2DCF2AE10B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227DC4A73598A5EFEDBFBCECF75E10B" box="[294,383,1055,1080]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFEDBFBCECF75E10B" bold="true" box="[294,383,1055,1080]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
distinguishes it from all the above species. In addition, when compared with all 41 species and subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFECCFB95CF9EE16F" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[305,404,1092,1116]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFECCFB95CF9EE16F" box="[305,404,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB373598A5EFE2BFB95CC35E16F" box="[470,575,1091,1116]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
||
listed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFD5EFB92CDA6E16F" box="[675,940,1091,1116]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5640" refString="Blakemore, R. J., Lee, S. & Seo, H. - Y. (2014) Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia. Journal of Species Research, 3, 127 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2014.3.2.127" type="journal article">
|
||
Blakemore
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFCDEFB95CD58E16F" box="[803,850,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFC4AFB95CA62E16F" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[951,1128,1092,1116]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFC4AFB95CA62E16F" box="[951,1128,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is fairly similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFAC4FB95CFB8E1B3" authority="(Beddard, 1886)" authorityName="Beddard" authorityYear="1886" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFAC4FB95CEFEE1B3" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFEFFFBB6CFA0E1B3" box="[258,426,1127,1152]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5341" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1886) Notes on some earthworms from Ceylon and the Philippine Islands, including a description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 17, 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609460120" type="journal article">Beddard, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFE40FBB9CD60E1B3" authority="Michaelsen, 1907" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[445,874,1127,1152]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFE40FBB9CC96E1B3" box="[445,668,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida nepalensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFD5EFBB6CD60E1B3" box="[675,874,1127,1152]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6582" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1907) Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 24, 143 - 188. [in German]" type="journal article">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFC88FBB9CAB6E1B3" authority="Chen, 1933" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[885,1212,1127,1152]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFC88FBB9CA38E14C" box="[885,1074,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida syringa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFBC4FBB6CAB6E1B3" box="[1081,1212,1127,1152]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5757" refString="Chen, Y. (1933) A preliminary survey of the earthworms of the lower Yangtze Valley. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 9, 177 - 296." type="journal article">Chen, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFB3AFBB9CF50E197" authority="Kobayashi, 1938" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="keikiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFB3AFBB9CB96E1B3" box="[1223,1436,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida keikiensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFF6AFB5ACF50E197" box="[151,346,1163,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFE97FB5DCD15E197" authority="Ohfuchi, 1938" authorityName="Ohfuchi" authorityYear="1938" box="[362,799,1163,1188]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="moriokaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFE97FB5DCC66E197" box="[362,620,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida moriokaensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFD8AFB5ACD15E197" box="[631,799,1163,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6674" refString="Ohfuchi, S. (1938) New species of earthworms from north-eastern Honshu, Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Museum Research Bulletin, 15, 33 - 52." type="journal article">Ohfuchi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFCD2FB5DCAB4E197" authority="Ohfuchi, 1938" authorityName="Ohfuchi" authorityYear="1938" box="[815,1214,1163,1188]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tairaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFCD2FB5DCA01E190" box="[815,1035,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida tairaensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFBEBFB5ACAB4E197" box="[1046,1214,1163,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6674" refString="Ohfuchi, S. (1938) New species of earthworms from north-eastern Honshu, Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Museum Research Bulletin, 15, 33 - 52." type="journal article">Ohfuchi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFB33FB5DCF16E1FB" authority="Chen, 1946" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1946" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="omeiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFB33FB5DCB96E190" box="[1230,1436,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida omeiana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFF6AFB7ECF16E1FB" box="[151,284,1199,1224]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5829" refString="Chen, Y. (1946) On the terrestrial Oligochaeta from Szechwan III. Journal of the West China Border Research Society, 16, 83 - 141." type="journal article">Chen, 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFEA1FB61CCB6E1FB" authority="Blakemore, 2010" authorityName="Blakemore" authorityYear="2010" box="[348,700,1199,1224]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="eda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFEA1FB61CFFAE1FB" box="[348,496,1200,1224]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Drawida eda</emphasis>
|
||
Blakemore,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFD79FB61CCB6E1FB" box="[644,700,1200,1224]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1053999999999995" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="in" value="2010.0">2010</quantity>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the small body size and lack of papillae or genital markings. However, sperm ducts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFE38FB05CC5AE1DF" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[453,592,1236,1260]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFE38FB05CC5AE1DF" box="[453,592,1236,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFD9FFB05CDE2E1DF" authority="(Michaelsen 1909)" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1909" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[610,1000,1235,1260]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFD9FFB05CD0FE1DF" box="[610,773,1236,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. nepalensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFCE5FB02CDEAE1DF" box="[792,992,1235,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6617" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1909) The Oligochaeta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, 1, 103 - 253." type="journal article">Michaelsen 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFC05FB05CAB0E1DF" authorityName="Ohfuchi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1016,1210,1236,1260]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="moriokaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFC05FB05CAB0E1DF" box="[1016,1210,1236,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. moriokaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFB31FB05CB6DE1D8" authorityName="Ohfuchi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1228,1383,1236,1259]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tairaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFB31FB05CB6DE1D8" box="[1228,1383,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. tairaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFA84FB05CEFCE03C" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1946" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="omeiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFA84FB05CEFCE03C" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. omeiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFEC8FB28CF82E023" authorityName="Blakemore" authorityYear="2010" box="[309,392,1272,1296]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="eda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFEC8FB28CF82E023" box="[309,392,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. eda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are long and coiled.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFD88FB26CD0BE023" box="[629,769,1271,1296]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5757" refString="Chen, Y. (1933) A preliminary survey of the earthworms of the lower Yangtze Valley. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 9, 177 - 296." type="journal article">Chen (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not describe the sperm duct of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFB6DFB28CB05E03C" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[1168,1295,1272,1296]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFB6DFB28CB05E03C" box="[1168,1295,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in detail but mentioned a short, broad, warty male atrium with thick glandular layer and very long, conspicuous egg sacs (ovisac) extending over 10–15 segments. These two characters are apparently disparate from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFB23FA90CB9FE06B" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[1246,1429,1344,1368]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFB23FA90CB9FE06B" box="[1246,1429,1344,1368]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Besides,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFF06FAB5CF7DE048" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[251,375,1380,1403]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFF06FAB5CF7DE048" box="[251,375,1380,1403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slightly larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFD92FAB5CD2BE04F" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[623,801,1380,1404]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFD92FAB5CD2BE04F" box="[623,801,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFC9CFAB2CDEDE048" box="[865,999,1379,1404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and 2.5–3.0 mm in width and has 124–172 segments (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFE5BFA56CC2DE093" box="[422,551,1415,1440]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5757" refString="Chen, Y. (1933) A preliminary survey of the earthworms of the lower Yangtze Valley. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 9, 177 - 296." type="journal article">Chen 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The position of the spermathecal atrium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFBDAFA58CAAFE0AC" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[1063,1189,1416,1440]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFBDAFA58CAAFE0AC" box="[1063,1189,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also different from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFF18FA7DCF9DE0F7" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[229,407,1452,1476]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFF18FA7DCF9DE0F7" box="[229,407,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the former posterior to septum 7/8 and the latter anterior to it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD2373598A59FF3AFA01CA76E5E7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2016]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">
|
||
As to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFEEFFA00CFA7E0DB" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[274,429,1488,1512]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="keikiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFEEFFA00CFA7E0DB" box="[274,429,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. keikiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its short sperm duct wholly behind septum 9/10 with only a few twists described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFF6AFA22CF6BE33F" box="[151,353,1523,1548]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is akin to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFDD0FA25CCE8E33F" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[557,738,1524,1548]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFDD0FA25CCE8E33F" box="[557,738,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It differs from the new species in the same characters as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFA84FA25CEE1E31C" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFA84FA25CEE1E31C" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In fact, we consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFE20F9C8CC7EE303" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[477,628,1560,1584]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="keikiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFE20F9C8CC7EE303" box="[477,628,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. keikiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFC59F9C8CA28E31C" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[932,1058,1560,1584]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFC59F9C8CA28E31C" box="[932,1058,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFAF8F9C8CB96E303" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1285,1436,1560,1584]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="keikiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFAF8F9C8CB96E303" box="[1285,1436,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. keikiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was based on two semi-mature specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB373598A5EFD4DF9EDCCFFE360" box="[688,757,1596,1619]" name="South Korea" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFCFEF9EACDCAE367" box="[771,960,1595,1620]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Their body size (40 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFB19F9EACB39E360" box="[1252,1331,1595,1620]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="54.0">54 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and greatest diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C673598A5EFE6DF98ECFE1E34B" box="[400,491,1631,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), segment number (154 and 138) and number of gizzards (three or four in XIII–XV or XII–XV) are within the species range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFD60F955CD17E3A8" box="[669,797,1668,1691]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFD60F955CD17E3A8" box="[669,797,1668,1691]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of which a total of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6676AA73598A5EFBF3F952CAA0E3AF" box="[1038,1194,1667,1692]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" type="generic">68 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were collected from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A473C173598A5EFF6AF976CEF1E3F3" box="[151,251,1703,1728]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
|
||
(= Chekiang) Province, central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB373598A5EFD9AF976CCA0E3F3" box="[615,682,1703,1728]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFD44F976CD30E3F3" box="[697,826,1703,1728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5757" refString="Chen, Y. (1933) A preliminary survey of the earthworms of the lower Yangtze Valley. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 9, 177 - 296." type="journal article">Chen 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFC77F978CA02E38C" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[906,1032,1704,1728]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFC77F978CA02E38C" box="[906,1032,1704,1728]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFBEAF978CAA5E3F3" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1047,1199,1704,1728]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="keikiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFBEAF978CAA5E3F3" box="[1047,1199,1704,1728]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. keikiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has short penis, short and broad prostate (= male atrium) with a highly warty surface, long ovisacs in XII–XVI (shortest) or XII– XXII (longest), large ampulla, and spermathecal atrium posterior to septum 7/8 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFBA5F93ECB10E23B" box="[1112,1306,1775,1800]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFF6AF8C2CFB1E21F" box="[151,443,1811,1836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi (1938, p. 110)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
states in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFDA5F8C5CCB0E21F" box="[600,698,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFD05F8C5CD9BE21F" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[760,913,1812,1836]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="keikiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFD05F8C5CD9BE21F" box="[760,913,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. keikiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFBD0F8C5CAA4E218" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[1069,1198,1812,1835]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFBD0F8C5CAA4E218" box="[1069,1198,1812,1835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“mainly in shape of penis and probably also in the structure of the other parts of the male organs, and in position where the sperm-duct enters into the atrium”, he also indicates that “where the sperm-duct enters into the prostate was not decidedly determined” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFEC9F8AECC5BE2AB" box="[308,593,1919,1944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi 1938, p. 108</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). When the structures of penis, spermatheca and male atrium and penis pouch illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFE86F872CC56E28F" box="[379,604,1955,1980]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref5757" refString="Chen, Y. (1933) A preliminary survey of the earthworms of the lower Yangtze Valley. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 9, 177 - 296." type="journal article">Chen (1933, Fig. 7)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D273598A5EFD6BF872CDB9E28F" box="[662,947,1955,1980]" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi (1938, Fig. 4)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are compared, it is found that they are not distinguishable. Consequently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFE01F818CC9DE2D3" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[508,663,1992,2016]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="keikiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFE01F818CC9DE2D3" box="[508,663,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. keikiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered to be synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A073598A5EFBA2F818CAEAE2EC" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1933" box="[1119,1248,1992,2016]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="syringa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914613173598A5EFBA2F818CAEAE2EC" box="[1119,1248,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="305">Dr. syringa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The other four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FEECFF49CF7FE583" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[273,373,152,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FEECFF49CF7FE583" box="[273,373,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
listed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE1FFF46CCA5E583" box="[482,687,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6256" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1938) Earthworms of Korea. I. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 13, 89 - 170." type="journal article">Kobayashi (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD40FF48CD41E59C" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[701,843,152,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD40FF48CD41E59C" box="[701,843,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FCA6FF49CAC6E583" authority="Michaelsen, 1931" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1931" box="[859,1228,151,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gisti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FCA6FF49CDFDE59C" box="[859,1015,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida gisti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FBFCFF46CAC6E583" box="[1025,1228,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6651" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1931) The Oligochaeta of China. Peking Natural History Bulletin, 5, 1 - 24." type="journal article">Michaelsen, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FB27FF49CF5FE5E6" authority="Kobayashi, 1936" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1936" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nemora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FB27FF49CB91E583" box="[1242,1435,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida nemora</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FF6AFF6DCF5FE5E6" box="[151,341,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6226" refString="Kobayashi, S. (1936) Earthworms from Koryo, Korea. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, 11 (1), 139 - 184." type="journal article">Kobayashi, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE76FF6CCC1AE5E7" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[395,528,188,212]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE76FF6CCC1AE5E7" box="[395,528,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. koreana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are also species commonly found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FC4BFF6DCDF3E5E6" box="[950,1017,188,213]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FBCDFF6CCA72E5E7" box="[1072,1144,189,212]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37AEEA8735E8A58FF3AFF31CAD7E49F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="307" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735E8A59FF3AFF31CCB5E346" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FF3AFF31CC1CE5CB" authority="Chen, 1938" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1938" box="[199,534,223,248]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FF3AFF31CF84E5CB" box="[199,398,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida glabella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE68FF0ECC1CE5CB" box="[405,534,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">Chen, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A473C1735E8A59FDA1FF0ECCA7E5CB" box="[604,685,223,248]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FCFAFF0ECD40E5CB" box="[775,842,223,248]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
is also small sized with a body length of
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FAE0FF0ECB67E5C4" box="[1309,1389,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
|
||
and diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FEFEFED5CF43E42F" box="[259,329,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. It has no genital papillae or other markings except the swollen lips around the secondary male apertures (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FEEFFEF6CF92E473" box="[274,408,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">Chen 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Blakemore (2010),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD6AFEF6CA37E473" box="[663,1085,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5598" refString="Blakemore, R. J. & Kupriyanova, E. K. (2010) Unravelling some Kinki worms (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megadrili: Moniligastridae). Part I. Opuscula Zoologica, 41, 3 - 18." type="journal article">Blakemore and Kupriyanova (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB82FEF6CB96E473" box="[1151,1436,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5640" refString="Blakemore, R. J., Lee, S. & Seo, H. - Y. (2014) Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia. Journal of Species Research, 3, 127 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2014.3.2.127" type="journal article">
|
||
Blakemore
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FAFAFEF8CB34E473" box="[1287,1342,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymized this species with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE09FE9CCC70E457" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[500,634,332,356]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE09FE9CCC70E457" box="[500,634,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless, the structures of spermatheca and male organs as shown in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FF49FEBECF98E4BB" box="[180,402,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">
|
||
Chen (1938,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FEBAFEBECF8DE4BB" box="[327,391,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE15FEBECDECE4BB" box="[488,998,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5598" refString="Blakemore, R. J. & Kupriyanova, E. K. (2010) Unravelling some Kinki worms (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megadrili: Moniligastridae). Part I. Opuscula Zoologica, 41, 3 - 18." type="journal article">Blakemore and Kupriyanova (2010, Fig. 1.1)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are different. Sizes of the ampulla and the spermathecal atrium in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE2AFE45CCDEE49F" box="[471,724,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">
|
||
Chen (1938,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FD8CFE45CCC0E49F" box="[625,714,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are almost the same while ampulla is apparently larger than spermathecal atrium in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE60FE66CDA9E4E3" box="[413,931,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5598" refString="Blakemore, R. J. & Kupriyanova, E. K. (2010) Unravelling some Kinki worms (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megadrili: Moniligastridae). Part I. Opuscula Zoologica, 41, 3 - 18." type="journal article">
|
||
Blakemore and Kupriyanova (2010, Fig.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE54DBE4735E8A59FC9AFE69CD93E4E3" box="[871,921,440,464]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" precision="5555" value="1.1">1.1e</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The larger ampulla together with the smaller spermathecal atrium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE62FE0CCC2CE4C7" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[415,550,476,500]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE62FE0CCC2CE4C7" box="[415,550,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also shown in Shen (2018,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FC89FE0DCDC2E4C7" box="[884,968,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The sperm duct in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB53FE0DCB96E4C7" box="[1198,1436,476,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">
|
||
Chen (1938,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FAC2FE0DCB99E4C7" box="[1343,1427,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is with a few loose coils in front of septum 9/10 and rather straight behind to join a roundish and smooth male atrium, whereas in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE8FFDF5CD8BE70F" box="[370,897,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5598" refString="Blakemore, R. J. & Kupriyanova, E. K. (2010) Unravelling some Kinki worms (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megadrili: Moniligastridae). Part I. Opuscula Zoologica, 41, 3 - 18." type="journal article">Blakemore and Kupriyanova (2010, Fig. 1.1c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the sperm duct is heavily twisted with a short, straight distal end connecting to a small, follicular prostate (= male atrium) linking to a round, globular copulatory chamber. Fig. 8 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE8FFDBDCFDCE7B7" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[370,470,620,644]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE8FFDBDCFDCE7B7" box="[370,470,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FDF5FDBDCC3EE7B6" box="[520,564,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FDC0FDBDCD3AE7B6" box="[573,816,620,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6920" refString="Shen, H. - P. & Yeo, D. C. - J. (2005) Terrestrial earthworms (Oligochaeta) from Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 53 (1), 13 - 33." type="journal article">Shen and Yeo (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
shows exactly the same structure characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FA84FDBCCEFEE79B" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FA84FDBCCEFEE79B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and thus, the identity of this immature specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FCC7FD41CD94E79B" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[826,926,656,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FCC7FD41CD94E79B" box="[826,926,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 3 should be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FBAEFD40CAD0E79B" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1107,1242,656,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FBAEFD40CAD0E79B" box="[1107,1242,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Such a structure of a small, follicular prostate together with a round, globular copulatory chamber typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FB68FD64CB11E7FF" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1173,1307,692,716]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FB68FD64CB11E7FF" box="[1173,1307,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and visible even in an aclitellate specimen like the one depicted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FCF8FD06CDF8E7C3" box="[773,1010,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6920" refString="Shen, H. - P. & Yeo, D. C. - J. (2005) Terrestrial earthworms (Oligochaeta) from Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 53 (1), 13 - 33." type="journal article">Shen and Yeo (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was not presented in
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FB1AFD06CB31E7C3" box="[1255,1339,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FA9CFD06CEEFE627" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">Chen (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Furthermore, the proportion of the entire sperm duct to the testis sac is almost equal in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB12FD2DCFF7E60B" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5598" refString="Blakemore, R. J. & Kupriyanova, E. K. (2010) Unravelling some Kinki worms (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megadrili: Moniligastridae). Part I. Opuscula Zoologica, 41, 3 - 18." type="journal article">Blakemore and Kupriyanova (2010, Fig. 1.1c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, while this proportion is much smaller as shown in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB8EFCCECB7EE60B" box="[1139,1396,799,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">
|
||
Chen (1938,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FAF2FCCECB60E60B" box="[1295,1386,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In addition, other accounts such as body size and presence or absence of dorsal pores also vary between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FAE9FC94CB91E66F" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1300,1435,836,860]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FAE9FC94CB91E66F" box="[1300,1435,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FF35FCB8CF5AE6B3" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1938" box="[200,336,872,896]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FF35FCB8CF5AE6B3" box="[200,336,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. glabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE9DFCB6CC19E6B3" box="[352,531,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5341" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1886) Notes on some earthworms from Ceylon and the Philippine Islands, including a description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 17, 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609460120" type="journal article">Beddard (1886)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD6DFCB8CD13E6B3" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[656,793,872,896]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD6DFCB8CD13E6B3" box="[656,793,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a small earthworm not more than
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FB37FCB6CB2CE6B3" box="[1226,1318,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="in" value="1.5">1.5 inch</quantity>
|
||
(about
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FA7DFCB9CECEE697" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
|
||
) in length. Body length of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD72FC5CCD1CE697" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[655,790,908,932]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD72FC5CCD1CE697" box="[655,790,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FC38FC5DCA1DE696" box="[965,1047,908,933]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FBC5FC5DCAB8E697" box="[1080,1202,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="34.5" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="25.0">25–44 mm</quantity>
|
||
(Shen 2018) and the specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FEADFC7ECFC8E6FB" box="[336,450,943,968]" name="Singapore" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FE10FC61CC4BE6F4" box="[493,577,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD6EFC7ECD89E6FB" box="[659,899,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6920" refString="Shen, H. - P. & Yeo, D. C. - J. (2005) Terrestrial earthworms (Oligochaeta) from Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 53 (1), 13 - 33." type="journal article">Shen and Yeo 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FBE1FC60CAA2E6FB" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1938" box="[1052,1192,944,968]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FBE1FC60CAA2E6FB" box="[1052,1192,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. glabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparently larger. Regarding the presence or absence of dorsal pores,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD29FC05CD8EE6DE" box="[724,900,980,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5341" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1886) Notes on some earthworms from Ceylon and the Philippine Islands, including a description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 17, 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609460120" type="journal article">Beddard (1886)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that “The only apertures that I could detect upon the surface of the body besides the mouth and anus were two oval slit-like orifices with tumid yellowish lips, which are the male generative orifices”. This is consistent with the observation of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB2DFBCCCB67E107" box="[1232,1389,1052,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5905" refString="Easton, E. G. (1984) Earthworms (Oligochaeta) from islands of the south-western Pacific, and a note on two species from Papua New Guinea. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 11, 111 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1984.10423750" type="journal article">Easton (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Shen (2018) that dorsal pores are totally absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD17FB90CD7EE16B" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[746,884,1088,1112]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD17FB90CD7EE16B" box="[746,884,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, later
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FBC4FBEECAEDE16B" box="[1081,1255,1087,1112]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5395" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1888) On the structure of three new species of earthworms, with remarks on certain points in the morphology of the Oligochaeta. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 29, 101 - 131." type="journal article">Beddard (1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB0BFB91CB25E16B" box="[1270,1327,1088,1112]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5438" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1891) Observations upon the structure of a genus of Oligochaeta belonging to the Limicoline Section. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 36, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080456800037649" type="journal article">1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) mistook
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FF6AFBB5CC0FE14F" authority="(Rosa, 1890)" authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1890" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[151,517,1124,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FF6AFBB5CF67E14F" box="[151,365,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida beddardii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE81FBB5CFF7E14F" box="[380,509,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6751" refString="Rosa, D. (1890) Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e Regioni vicine XXV. Moniligastridi, Geoscolecidi ed Eudrilidi. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2 a, 9, 368 - 400. [in Italian]" type="journal article">Rosa, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FDC9FBB4CCB0E14F" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[564,698,1124,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FDC9FBB4CCB0E14F" box="[564,698,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and stated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FCABFBB5CA0DE14F" box="[854,1031,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5438" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1891) Observations upon the structure of a genus of Oligochaeta belonging to the Limicoline Section. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 36, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080456800037649" type="journal article">Beddard (1891)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that “Dorsal pores are present” (see Shen 2018). Due to misidentification by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD98FB56CD1AE193" box="[613,784,1159,1184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5395" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1888) On the structure of three new species of earthworms, with remarks on certain points in the morphology of the Oligochaeta. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 29, 101 - 131." type="journal article">Beddard (1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FCE0FB59CD52E193" box="[797,856,1160,1184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5438" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1891) Observations upon the structure of a genus of Oligochaeta belonging to the Limicoline Section. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 36, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080456800037649" type="journal article">1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FC99FB59CD95E193" box="[868,927,1160,1184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5487" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1893) On some new species of earthworms from various parts of the world. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1892, 666 - 706." type="journal article">1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FC51FB56CDEDE193" box="[940,999,1159,1184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5523" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1895) A Monograph of the order of Oligochaeta. Clarendon Press, Oxford, London, 769 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 56335" type="book">1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FC01FB58CA99E193" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1020,1171,1160,1184]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FC01FB58CA99E193" box="[1020,1171,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. beddardii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has long been wrongly considered synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE0EFB7CCC74E1F7" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[499,638,1196,1220]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE0EFB7CCC74E1F7" box="[499,638,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD3EFB7DCD83E1F6" box="[707,905,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6963" refString="Shen, H. - P., Chang, C. - H. & Chih, W. - J. (2015) Earthworms from Matsu, Taiwan with descriptions of new species of the genera Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) and Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae). Zootaxa, 3973 (3), 425 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3973.3.2" type="journal article">
|
||
Shen
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FCFAFB7CCD36E1F7" box="[775,828,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) which leads to the erroneous conclusion by Blakemore (2010, p. 142) that the presence or absence of dorsal pores is possibly an intermittent character. As to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FF6AFB24CF2FE03F" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,293,1268,1292]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FF6AFB24CF2FE03F" box="[151,293,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. glabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dorsal pores are evident behind the clitellum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FC88FB25CDF7E03F" box="[885,1021,1268,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5796" refString="Chen, Y. (1938) Oligochaeta from Hainan, Kwangtung. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoology, 12, 375 - 427." type="journal article">Chen 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Accordingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FB44FB24CB4DE03F" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="1938" box="[1209,1351,1268,1292]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FB44FB24CB4DE03F" box="[1209,1351,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. glabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE9AFAC8CFFAE003" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[359,496,1304,1328]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE9AFAC8CFFAE003" box="[359,496,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and should be recognized as a valid species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FC05FAC9CAEDE003" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[1016,1255,1303,1328]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FC05FAC9CA56E003" box="[1016,1116,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FB77FAC9CAEDE003" box="[1162,1255,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FAAAFAC8CB96E003" box="[1367,1436,1305,1328]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
were based on two immature specimens with a body length of
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FCABFAEDCDDBE067" box="[854,977,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="45.0">45–60 mm</quantity>
|
||
, moderately-coiled sperm ducts and four gizzards in XV–XVIII (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE52FA8ECCB7E04B" box="[431,701,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5640" refString="Blakemore, R. J., Lee, S. & Seo, H. - Y. (2014) Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia. Journal of Species Research, 3, 127 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2014.3.2.127" type="journal article">
|
||
Blakemore
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FDC5FAB0CC67E04B" box="[568,621,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD29FA8ECD83E04B" box="[724,905,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5341" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1886) Notes on some earthworms from Ceylon and the Philippine Islands, including a description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 17, 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609460120" type="journal article">Beddard (1886)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not mention the number and position of gizzards in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FEE7FA54CFA8E0AF" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[282,418,1412,1436]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FEE7FA54CFA8E0AF" box="[282,418,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE20FA55CC82E0AF" box="[477,648,1412,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5487" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1893) On some new species of earthworms from various parts of the world. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1892, 666 - 706." type="journal article">Beddard (1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD68FA55CCC4E0AE" box="[661,718,1412,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5523" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1895) A Monograph of the order of Oligochaeta. Clarendon Press, Oxford, London, 769 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 56335" type="book">1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) mentioned three gizzards in XIII–XV in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FB51FA55CF5BE0F3" authority="(Beddard, 1893)" authorityName="Beddard" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FB51FA55CB96E0AF" box="[1196,1436,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida bahamensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FF63FA76CF42E0F3" box="[158,328,1447,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5487" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1893) On some new species of earthworms from various parts of the world. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1892, 666 - 706." type="journal article">Beddard, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FDB5FA78CD72E0F3" authority="(Easton 1984)" authorityName="Easton" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Easton" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[584,888,1448,1472]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FDB5FA78CCC5E0F3" box="[584,719,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FD23FA79CD7AE0F3" box="[734,880,1448,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5905" refString="Easton, E. G. (1984) Earthworms (Oligochaeta) from islands of the south-western Pacific, and a note on two species from Papua New Guinea. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 11, 111 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1984.10423750" type="journal article">Easton 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FC7EFA79CA28E0F3" box="[899,1058,1448,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5905" refString="Easton, E. G. (1984) Earthworms (Oligochaeta) from islands of the south-western Pacific, and a note on two species from Papua New Guinea. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 11, 111 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1984.10423750" type="journal article">Easton (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported three or four gizzards in XII–XVI in specimens from south-western Pacific islands and Central America while three gizzards in XIV–XVI were found in specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FE07FA3ECC46E33B" box="[506,588,1519,1544]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Shen 2018). The much larger size, not so heavily coiled sperm ducts and posteriorly placed gizzards of specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FD5EF9C4CCEDE31F" box="[675,743,1557,1580]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
are morphologically dissimilar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FB94F9C4CAFAE31F" baseAuthorityName="Easton" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1129,1264,1556,1580]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FB94F9C4CAFAE31F" box="[1129,1264,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, the DNA barcode tree presented in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE06F9E6CD0BE363" box="[507,769,1591,1616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5640" refString="Blakemore, R. J., Lee, S. & Seo, H. - Y. (2014) Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia. Journal of Species Research, 3, 127 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.12651 / JSR. 2014.3.2.127" type="journal article">
|
||
Blakemore
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD80F9E8CCA4E363" box="[637,686,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FCF1F9E6CD46E363" box="[780,844,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[243,1316,429,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[183,1403,383,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Drawida alishanensis sp. nov. A. Ventral view of spermathecal and male pore region of Holotype (TESRI-O-H- 51) (sp, spermathecal pore). B. Left latero-ventral view of male pore region of paratype (Ali010) (mp, male porophore). C. Dorsal view of right spermatheca (amp, ampulla; sa, spermathecal atrium) of holotype. D. Dorsal view of right testis sac (ts), sperm duct (sd) and male atrium (ma) of holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446835/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) clearly shows that the Korean specimens should be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FEE6F98CCF67E347" authorityName="Blakemore" authorityYear="2010" box="[283,365,1628,1652]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="eda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FEE6F98CCF67E347" box="[283,365,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. eda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BA1A6735E8A59FE21F98DCC14E347" box="[476,542,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,313,1687]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,301,1695]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor-joining tree of Drawida based on COI gene and Kimura’s two-parameter model, and rooted using Amynthas corticis. Author and year of species names as follows: Dr. beiganica Shen & Chang, 2015, Dr. dongyinica Shen & Chih, 2015, Dr. eda Blakemore, 2010, Dr. japonica (Michaelsen, 1892), Dr. companio Blakemore, 2014, Dr. koreana Kobayashi, 1938, Dr. iucn Blakemore, 2013, Dr. anchingiana Chen, 1933, Dr. hattamimizu Hatai, 1930, Dr. odaesan Blakemore, 2014, Dr. jeombongsan Blakemore, 2014, Dr. songae yeongdo Blakemore, 2013, and Dr. impertusa Stephenson, 1920. Specimens from this study are shown by their voucher numbers (Ali). Sequences retrieved from GenBank are labelled with GenBank accession numbers. Sequences acquired from Blakemore et al. (2014) are labelled with the original sample IDs. Type materials are indicated and preceded by the specific epithets (in parentheses). Sp1–sp5 refer to unknown species recognized in Blakemore et al. (2014). Numbers around nodes are bootstrap values above 50." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446839/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735E8A59FDEDF98DCC14E347" box="[528,542,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" unit="in" value="3.0">3</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in this study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735E8A59FF3AF9AECD4DE2EE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">
|
||
The following species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE0EF951CC5DE3AB" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[499,599,1664,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE0EF951CC5DE3AB" box="[499,599,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Drawida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are, like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD37F950CD8BE3AB" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[714,897,1664,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD37F950CD8BE3AB" box="[714,897,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also small worms without papillae or genital markings:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FEF2F974CFADE38F" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[271,423,1700,1724]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FEF2F974CFADE38F" box="[271,423,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. beddardii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE4AF974CD2BE38F" authority="Stephenson, 1924" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1924" box="[439,801,1700,1725]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE4AF974CC47E38F" box="[439,589,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. fluviatilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FDA8F975CD2BE38F" box="[597,801,1700,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref7283" refString="Stephenson, J. (1924) On some Indian Oligochaeta, with a description of two new genera of Ocnerodrilinae. Records of the Indian Museum, 26, 317 - 365." type="journal article">Stephenson, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FCD0F974CA4EE38E" authority="Gates, 1962" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1962" box="[813,1092,1700,1725]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="delicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FCD0F974CDB9E38F" box="[813,947,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. delicata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FC41F975CA4EE38E" box="[956,1092,1700,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6060" refString="Gates, G. E. (1962) On some Burmese earthworms of the moniligastrid genus Drawida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 127, 297 - 373." type="journal article">Gates, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FB83F974CB96E38E" authority="Gates, 1962" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1962" box="[1150,1436,1700,1725]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenellula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FB83F974CB06E38F" box="[1150,1292,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. tenellula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FAE9F975CB96E38E" box="[1300,1436,1700,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6060" refString="Gates, G. E. (1962) On some Burmese earthworms of the moniligastrid genus Drawida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 127, 297 - 373." type="journal article">Gates, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FF21F919CF21E3EC" box="[220,299,1736,1759]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Burma</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FEC3F918CC9FE3D3" authority="Stephenson, 1917" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1917" box="[318,661,1735,1760]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FEC3F918CFBDE3D3" box="[318,439,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE3BF916CC9FE3D3" box="[454,661,1735,1760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref7207" refString="Stephenson, J. (1917) On a collection of Oligochaeta from various parts of India and further India. Records of the Indian Museum, 13, 353 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 5865" type="journal article">Stephenson, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Bengal, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FC7BF918CB10E3D3" authority="Michaelsen, 1907" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[902,1306,1735,1760]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ramnadana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FC7BF918CA33E3D3" box="[902,1081,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. ramnadana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FBB5F916CB10E3D3" box="[1096,1306,1735,1760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6582" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1907) Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 24, 143 - 188. [in German]" type="journal article">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FAD0F918CF6FE237" authority="Michaelsen, 1907" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FAD0F918CB96E3D3" box="[1325,1436,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. willsi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FF6AF93DCF6FE237" box="[151,357,1772,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6582" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1907) Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 24, 143 - 188. [in German]" type="journal article">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE8EF93CCC87E237" authority="Cognetti, 1911" authorityName="Cognetti" authorityYear="1911" box="[371,653,1772,1797]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fakir">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE8EF93CCFDCE237" box="[371,470,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. fakir</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FE1CF93DCC87E237" box="[481,653,1772,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref5859" refString="Cognetti de Martiis, L. (1911) A contribution to our knowledge of the Oligochaeta of Travancore. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 7, 494 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931108692969" type="journal article">Cognetti, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD66F93CCDF4E236" authority="Stephenson, 1915" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1915" box="[667,1022,1772,1797]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD66F93CCD2CE237" box="[667,806,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FCCCF93DCDF4E236" box="[817,1022,1772,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref7177" refString="Stephenson, J. (1915) On some Indian Oligochaeta mainly from Southern India and Ceylon. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, 6, 35 - 108." type="journal article">Stephenson, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FBBDF93CCB51E237" authority="Rao, 1921" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1921" box="[1088,1371,1772,1796]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FBBDF93CCAD3E237" box="[1088,1241,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB19F93CCB51E237" box="[1252,1371,1772,1796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6704" refString="Rao, C. R. N. (1921) On the anatomy of some new species of Drawida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 8, 496 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632613" type="journal article">Rao, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735E8A59FF6AF8DECEDEE21B" box="[151,212,1807,1832]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Among them,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE79F8C0CC10E21B" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1924" box="[388,538,1808,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE79F8C0CC10E21B" box="[388,538,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. fluviatilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FDD7F8C0CCBAE21B" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1962" box="[554,688,1808,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="delicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FDD7F8C0CCBAE21B" box="[554,688,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. delicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD3DF8C0CD44E21B" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1962" box="[704,846,1808,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenellula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD3DF8C0CD44E21B" box="[704,846,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. tenellula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FCA0F8C0CDC5E21B" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1917" box="[861,975,1808,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FCA0F8C0CDC5E21B" box="[861,975,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FC22F8C0CB61E21B" authority="(Michaelsen 1909)" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1909" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[991,1387,1807,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ramnadana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FC22F8C0CA86E21B" box="[991,1164,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. ramnadana</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FB61F8DECB6EE21B" box="[1180,1380,1807,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6617" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1909) The Oligochaeta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, 1, 103 - 253." type="journal article">Michaelsen 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FA84F8C0CFBEE27F" authority="(Michaelsen 1909)" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1909" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FA84F8C0CEDEE27F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. willsi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FF19F8E5CFA7E27F" box="[228,429,1844,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6617" refString="Michaelsen, W. (1909) The Oligochaeta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, 1, 103 - 253." type="journal article">Michaelsen 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FE3FF8E4CC41E27F" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1915" box="[450,587,1844,1868]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FE3FF8E4CC41E27F" box="[450,587,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FD73F8E4CD2FE27F" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1921" box="[654,805,1844,1868]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FD73F8E4CD2FE27F" box="[654,805,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FBC8F8E4CAE7E27F" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[1077,1261,1844,1868]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FBC8F8E4CAE7E27F" box="[1077,1261,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their coiled sperm ducts.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FED1F888CFC9E243" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[300,451,1880,1904]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FED1F888CFC9E243" box="[300,451,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. beddardii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has rather short, S-shaped sperm ducts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FC71F889CA02E243" box="[908,1032,1880,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6751" refString="Rosa, D. (1890) Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e Regioni vicine XXV. Moniligastridi, Geoscolecidi ed Eudrilidi. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2 a, 9, 368 - 400. [in Italian]" type="journal article">Rosa 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FBE9F889CA9FE243" box="[1044,1173,1880,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6096" refString="Gates, G. E. (1972) Burmese earthworms: an introduction to the systematics and biology of megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to Southeast Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 62 (7), 1 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1006214" type="journal article">Gates 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FA84F888CF28E2A7" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FA84F888CF28E2A7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it has higher segment numbers (145–188), large spermathecal pores and 3–4 gizzards in XII–XIX (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FF63F871CF28E28B" box="[158,290,1952,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6096" refString="Gates, G. E. (1972) Burmese earthworms: an introduction to the systematics and biology of megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to Southeast Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 62 (7), 1 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1006214" type="journal article">Gates 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735E8A59FEC8F871CC10E28A" box="[309,538,1952,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" refId="ref6096" refString="Gates, G. E. (1972) Burmese earthworms: an introduction to the systematics and biology of megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to Southeast Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 62 (7), 1 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1006214" type="journal article">Gates (1972, p. 246)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erroneously synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FCBAF870CDD1E28B" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1924" box="[839,987,1952,1976]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FCBAF870CDD1E28B" box="[839,987,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. fluviatilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735E8A59FBE7F870CAA5E28B" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1050,1199,1952,1976]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="306" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735E8A59FBE7F870CAA5E28B" box="[1050,1199,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="306">Dr. beddardii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the sperm ducts and spermathecal pores of both species are distinctively different.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFBD23735F8A58FF3AFF49CAD7E49F" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735F8A58FF3AFF49CC19E583" authority="Cognetti, 1911" authorityName="Cognetti" authorityYear="1911" box="[199,531,151,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fakir">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735F8A58FF3AFF49CF6CE583" box="[199,358,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">Drawida fakir</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735F8A58FE90FF46CC19E583" box="[365,531,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" refId="ref5859" refString="Cognetti de Martiis, L. (1911) A contribution to our knowledge of the Oligochaeta of Travancore. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 7, 494 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931108692969" type="journal article">Cognetti, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from south
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377FDB3735F8A58FD67FF46CCDEE583" box="[666,724,151,176]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
is slightly larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735F8A58FC33FF48CA88E583" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[974,1154,152,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735F8A58FC33FF48CA88E583" box="[974,1154,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a body length of
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735F8A58FA7DFF46CEC9E5E7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" unit="mm" value="85.0">85 mm</quantity>
|
||
and maximum diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4C9810C6735F8A58FE14FF6DCC3BE5E7" box="[489,561,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. It has a segment number, 98, quite close to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735F8A58FB61FF6CCB5EE5E7" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[1180,1364,188,212]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735F8A58FB61FF6CCB5EE5E7" box="[1180,1364,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species share the following combination of characters: (1) absence of papillae or genital markings, (2) short and slightly wavy sperm ducts, (3) ovisacs in XII and (4) loosely coiled spermathecal ducts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735F8A58FB90FED5CB1AE42F" box="[1133,1296,260,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" refId="ref5859" refString="Cognetti de Martiis, L. (1911) A contribution to our knowledge of the Oligochaeta of Travancore. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 7, 494 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931108692969" type="journal article">Cognetti 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1C0D2735F8A58FAE6FED5CED9E473" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" refId="ref7254" refString="Stephenson, J. (1923) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Oligochaeta. Taylor and Francis, London, 518 pp." type="book">Stephenson 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735F8A58FE9AFEF8CFC6E473" authorityName="Cognetti" authorityYear="1911" box="[359,460,296,320]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fakir">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735F8A58FE9AFEF8CFC6E473" box="[359,460,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">Dr. fakir</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has four gizzards in XIII–XVI, tubular and closely coiled male atriums, and no spermathecal atrium, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735F8A58FE2EFE9CCC83E457" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[467,649,332,356]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735F8A58FE2EFE9CCC83E457" box="[467,649,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">Dr. alishanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two gizzards in XII–XIII, cotton-like and transversely elongated oval male atrium and small spermathecal atrium anterior to septum 7/8. Characters of all the above-mentioned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60C6A0735F8A58FF6AFE45CEF1E49F" authorityName="Shen & Chang & Chih" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,251,404,428]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="307" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9146131735F8A58FF6AFE45CEF1E49F" box="[151,251,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="307">Drawida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with short sperm ducts and without genital markings are summarized in Table 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |