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<mods:title id="C3AC51A04A9B71DF681DC51FE1633FFF">The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="671601F8922C6AB9FBD841D4D47C1989">Trape, Jean François</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1A8BDFF4E1BBB1713BE9A28B814B318F">Laboratoire de Paludologie et Zoologie médicale, UR 77, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre de Dakar, BP 1386, Dakar (Senegal) jean-françois. trape @ ird. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BD79E0E0B878595BAE7DFA5834AC326D">Ohler, Annemarie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5AD29615DF5CB318204694A7886F88A4">Dubois, Alain</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CEAC5FB41FEFA8CB1B0B48D0E74E8FA1">UMR 7205 OSEB, Reptiles et Amphibiens, Département de Systématique et Évolution, Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, CP 30, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) pdavid @ mnhn. fr ohler @ mnhn. fr adubois @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="50379BA1B4D3ED081E293BEF6DBCBAD5">Glitho, Isabelle Adolé</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B561386BBAE8D3A49FB00D26AE449C54">Département de Zoologie et Biologie animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lomé, BP 1515, Lomé (Togo) iglitho @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="D0E9FA34C0366E7AFD36FCD06BE9E323" box="[731,1155,849,876]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E36DBC0366E7AFD36FCD06BE9E323" authority="(Hallowell, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[731,1155,849,876]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Thelotornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kirtlandi">
<emphasis id="B96A914AC0366E7AFD36FCD06CD6E323" bold="true" box="[731,956,849,876]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">Thelotornis kirtlandi</emphasis>
(Hallowell, 1844)
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<materialsCitation id="3B764705C0366E7AFD48FC0A6B53E3BC" collectionCode="MRAC, T" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" specimenCode="MRAC 29730, GHS-W 0203, T 204" specimenCount="7">
MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
<specimenCount id="9D1886D1C0366E7AFC72FC0A6B7FE3EC" box="[927,1045,907,931]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DBB8E523C0366E7AFBCEFC0A6BDCE3EC" box="[1059,1206,907,931]" collectionCode="MRAC" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z14b-bb31" name="Musée Royal de lAfrique Centrale" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" type="Museum">MRAC 29730</specimenCode>
, Sodo;
<specimenCode id="DBB8E523C0366E7AFD32FC276C02E3F1" box="[735,872,934,958]" collectionCode="GHS-W" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">GHS-W 0203</specimenCode>
, GHS-W 0206, Atakpame; GHS-W 0243, Kpalime; GHS-W 1263, Yo [Agome Yo]; GHS-Togo 43, Agbanon,
<specimenCode id="DBB8E523C0366E7AFCC0FC5A6C00E3BC" box="[813,874,987,1011]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">T 204</specimenCode>
Agou [Mont Agou])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA14D58C0366E7AFD48FB8A6DB7E4C2" blockId="11.[675,1210,1035,1165]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">
MORPHOLOGY. — TL from
<quantity id="4CE6E0BDC0366E7AFC5EFB8A6B32E46C" box="[947,1112,1035,1059]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0725" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.745" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" unit="mm" value="1072.5" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="745.0">745 to 1400 mm</quantity>
; 19 MSR, keeled and oblique; 176-206 Ven, smooth; 110-114 Sc, paired; anal divided; 7-8 supralabials; 11-12 infralabials; 1 preocular; 2 postoculars; temporal scale formula 1 + 2 + 3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3041ED3C0366E7AFD48FB246CD6E539" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA14D58C0366E7AFD48FB246CD6E539" blockId="11.[675,1211,1189,1398]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">
DISTRIBUTION. — This arboreal species is mainly a forest-dweller. It inhabits ER IV but might be present in ER II. Previously, this species had been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F3090DC8C0366E7AFD4EFB746DBCE542" box="[675,726,1269,1293]" name="Togo" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">Togo</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFD12FB746CC1E542" author="MATSCHIE P." box="[767,939,1269,1293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" pagination="207 - 215" refId="ref28100" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893. - Die Reptilien und Amphibien Togogebietes. Mittheilungen von Forschungsreisenden und Gelehrten aus den deutschen Schutzgebieten, mit Benutzung amtlicher Quellen 6: 207 - 215." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie (1893)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFC55FB746B02E542" author="STERNFELD L." box="[952,1128,1269,1293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" pagination="207 - 236" refId="ref29004" refString="STERNFELD L. 1908 b. - Die Schlangenfauna Togos. Mittheilungen Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 4: 207 - 236." type="journal article" year="1908">Sternfeld (1908b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFB99FB746BC1E542" author="STERNFELD L." box="[1140,1195,1269,1293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" refId="ref29026" refString="STERNFELD L. 1909. - Die Schlangen Togos, in Die Fauna der deutschen Kolonien 1 (1): iv + 29 p., map." type="book" year="1909">1909</bibRefCitation>
),
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFD4BFA8E6C26E568" author="LOVERIDGE A." box="[678,844,1295,1319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" pagination="121 - 247" refId="ref27999" refString="LOVERIDGE A. 1944. - Further revisions of African snake genera. Bulletin of the the Museum of Comparative Zoology 95: 121 - 247." type="journal article" year="1944">Loveridge (1944</bibRefCitation>
; from Missahohe), Hulselmans
<emphasis id="B96A914AC0366E7AFB64FA916BD0E568" box="[1161,1210,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">et al.</emphasis>
(1970),
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFD1DFAAB6C8AE50D" author="HARDING K. A. &amp; WELCH K. R. G." box="[752,992,1322,1346]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" refId="ref27088" refString="HARDING K. A. &amp; WELCH K. R. G. 1980. - Venomous Snakes of the World. A checklist. Pergamon Press, Oxford, x + 188 p." type="book" year="1980">Harding &amp; Welch (1980)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFC05FAAB6B01E50D" author="WELCH K. R. G." box="[1000,1131,1322,1346]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" refId="ref29574" refString="WELCH K. R. G. 1982. - Herpetology of Africa: a Checklist and Bibliography of the Orders Amphisbaenia, Sauria and Serpentes. Robert E. Krieger, Malabar, Florida, ix + 293 p." type="book" year="1982">Welch (1982)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFB9EFAAB6D8DE513" author="ROMAN B." pageId="11" pageNumber="336" refId="ref28669" refString="ROMAN B. 1984. - Serpents des Pays de l'Entente. C. N. R. S. T., Ouagadougou, 45 p." type="book" year="1984">Roman (1984)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFD19FAC56CDCE513" author="GOLAY P. &amp; SMITH H. M. &amp; BROADLEY D. G. &amp; DIXON J. R. &amp; MCCARTHY C. J. &amp; SCHATTI B. &amp; TORIBA M." box="[756,950,1348,1372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" refId="ref26973" refString="GOLAY P., SMITH H. M., BROADLEY D. G., DIXON J. R., MCCARTHY C. J., SCHATTI B. &amp; TORIBA M. 1993. - Endoglyphs and Other Major Venomous Snakes of the World. A Checklist. Aire-Geneve, Azemiops S. A. Herpetological Data Center, xv + 478 p." type="book" year="1993">
Golay
<emphasis id="B96A914AC0366E7AFCD4FAC46C03E513" box="[825,873,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="336">et al.</emphasis>
(1993)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFC2FFAC56BD3E513" author="SPAWLS S. &amp; BRANCH B." box="[962,1209,1348,1372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" refId="ref28945" refString="SPAWLS S. &amp; BRANCH B. 1995. - The Dangerous Snakes of Africa. Natural History. Species Directory. Venoms and Snakebite. Blanford, London, 192 p." type="book" year="1995">Spawls &amp; Branch (1995)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F30A9C0366E7AFD3CFADF6CD2E539" author="DAVID P. &amp; INEICH I." box="[721,952,1374,1398]" pageId="11" pageNumber="336" pagination="3 - 499" refId="ref26760" refString="DAVID P. &amp; INEICH I. 1999. - Les serpents venimeux du monde: systematique et repartition. Dumerilia 3: 3 - 499." type="journal article" year="1999">David &amp; Ineich (1999)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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