940 lines
104 KiB
XML
940 lines
104 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="F663240BC8E56DB585101E37D2277B90">
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<mods:title id="AC382607B442EFCA003207FECDE7BD08">A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="4DA9FC19C4FB918399AFF3DF6184F852" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="895532ECC84CC1AEB59D08982851A8B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="305336C459B448F5E8D3CCC15968C0D6">Fawcett, Susan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4C5843829C2641ABA4724F7B0D3E547E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B88BF762205D163CB2C657CDE8AED234">Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="443B7C9F9C66624CA8C8A70950F913AF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="5EDD8D49C224264498D53C1706E6B27E">2021</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="3F08B00B4EAE0E25AC77CEAEA2C03ECF">BRIT Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="2B19C4C4C8D77593B4DA31C177ED4982">Fort Worth, Texas, USA</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:identifier id="2BA09D337637877AC82150766F816A67" type="DOI">10.17348/jbrit.v15.i2.1206</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6C6880FE17ABE2E60BAB7D2D668DA151" type="Zenodo-Dep">14111022</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B787F6FFB99B1962017B76FEADFD4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFB99B1962017B76FEADFD4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFB99B1962017B76FEADFD4C" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">
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<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB99B1B62017B76FD58F9E2" box="[554,767,1599,1625]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB99B1B62017B76FD58F9E2" blockId="80.[97,1225,1599,1687]" box="[554,767,1599,1625]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">
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<heading id="D0E9818CFFB99B1B62017B76FD58F9E2" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[554,767,1599,1625]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" reason="0">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B62017B76FD58F9E2" ID-CoL="6WT2" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[554,767,1599,1625]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B62017B76FD58F9E2" bold="true" box="[554,767,1599,1625]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">PRONEPHRIUM</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB99B1B604A7B21FBCAF9C6" box="[97,1133,1639,1661]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB99B1B604A7B21FBCAF9C6" blockId="80.[97,1225,1599,1687]" box="[97,1133,1639,1661]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0E11CEFFB99B1B604A7B21FBCAF9C6" box="[97,1133,1639,1661]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B604A7B21FED1F9C6" ID-CoL="6WT2" authority="C. Presl, Abh." authorityName="C. Presl, Abh." box="[97,374,1640,1661]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B604A7B21FF4EF9C6" bold="true" box="[97,233,1640,1661]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Pronephrium</emphasis>
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||
C. Presl, Abh.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
KÖnigl. BÖhm.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFB99B1B62277B21FC8CF9C6" author="Blume" box="[524,811,1639,1661]" journal="Ges. Wiss." page="618" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="7.263577473779128" volume="6" year="1851">
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<bibCitation id="5E343E8CFFB99B1B62277B21FC8CF9C6" box="[524,811,1639,1661]" journal="Ges. Wiss." page="618" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="7.263577473779128" volume="6" year="1851">Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6:618. 1851</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Oct.; Epimel. Bot. 258. 185, Oct.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB99B1B64477B22FC5CF92C" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB99B1B64477B22FC5CF92C" blockId="80.[97,1225,1599,1687]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">
|
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—
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFB99B1B64547B22FB6EF9C0" box="[1151,1225,1643,1659]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
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(designated by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFB99B1B61397BCFFE57F92C" author="Holttum" box="[274,496,1670,1687]" journal="Blumea" page="36" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="3.24319811522761" volume="19" year="1971">
|
||
<bibCitation id="5E343E8CFFB99B1B61397BCFFE57F92C" author="Holttum" box="[274,496,1670,1687]" journal="Blumea" page="36" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="3.24319811522761" volume="19" year="1971">
|
||
Holttum,
|
||
<bibCitation id="5E343E8CFFB99B1B61707BCFFE57F92C" box="[347,496,1670,1687]" journal="Blumea" page="36" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="3.24319811522761" volume="19" year="1971">Blumea 19:36.1971</bibCitation>
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||
</bibCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B61D07BCCFC86F92C" ID-CoL="6VXQ8" authority="(Blume) C. Presl" authorityName="C. Presl" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[507,801,1669,1687]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B61D07BCCFD05F92D" box="[507,674,1669,1686]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Pronephrium lineatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) C.Presl
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B63137BCCFC50F92C" ID-CoL="HG6W" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" box="[824,1015,1669,1687]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B63137BCCFC65F92D" box="[824,962,1669,1686]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Aspidium lineatum</emphasis>
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||
Blume
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB99B1A60AA7BE3FD85FF08" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB99B1B60AA7BE3FDFCF94A" blockId="80.[129,1227,1706,1831]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B60AA7BE3FF51F900" box="[129,246,1706,1723]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Dimorphopteris</emphasis>
|
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Tagawa &
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFB99B1B61647BE2FEF9F900" box="[335,350,1707,1723]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||
. Iwats. in
|
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<bibCitation id="5E343E8CFFB99B1B61857BE2FCA1F907" author="Iwatsuki" box="[430,774,1707,1724]" journal="Acta Phytotax. Geobot." page="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="0.07687678745166378" volume="19" year="1961">
|
||
Iwatsuki,
|
||
<bibCitation id="5E343E8CFFB99B1B61D07BE2FCA1F907" box="[507,774,1707,1724]" journal="Acta Phytotax. Geobot." page="8" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="0.07687678745166378" volume="19" year="1961">Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 19:8. 1961</bibCitation>
|
||
</bibCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B63237BE3FCBCF900" box="[776,795,1706,1723]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">—</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFB99B1B63377BE3FEDBF96C" author="Holttum" journal="Blumea" page="36" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="3.24319811522761" volume="19" year="1971">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B63377BE3FE84F96C" authority="(Tagawa & K. Iwats.) Holttum, Blumea" authorityName="Holttum, Blumea" baseAuthorityName="Tagawa & K. Iwats." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Dimorphopteris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B63377BE3FCDAF900" box="[796,893,1706,1723]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B63827BE3FBB9F900" box="[937,1054,1706,1723]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Dimorphopteris</emphasis>
|
||
(Tagawa & K. Iwats.) Holttum, Blumea
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
19:36.1971
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFB99B1B61B97B8FFE1DF96C" box="[402,442,1734,1751]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B61947B8CFC8DF96E" ID-CoL="367PT" authority="Tagawa & K. Iwats." authorityName="Tagawa & K. Iwats." box="[447,810,1733,1751]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Dimorphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moniliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B61947B8CFD34F96D" box="[447,659,1733,1750]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Dimorphopteris moniliformis</emphasis>
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||
Tagawa & K. Iwats.
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Iwatsuki,Acta Phytotax.Geobot.19(1):8, f.14.1961. [=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B609F7BA9FDF0F94A" ID-CoL="4MT6T" authority="(Tagawa & K. Iwats.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Tagawa & K. Iwats." box="[180,599,1760,1777]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moniliforme">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B609F7BA9FEC8F94A" box="[180,367,1760,1777]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Pronephrium moniliforme</emphasis>
|
||
(Tagawa & K.Iwats.) Holttum
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB99B1B60AA7BB3FD43F89C" blockId="80.[129,1227,1706,1831]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFB99B1B60AA7BB3FE45F8B7" author="Nannothelypteris Holttum" box="[129,482,1786,1804]" journal="Blumea" page="38" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="3.24319811522761" volume="19" year="1971">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B60AA7BB3FE21F8B7" ID-CoL="CM7K7" authority="Holttum, Blumea" authorityName="Holttum, Blumea" box="[129,390,1786,1804]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B60AA7BB3FF58F8B0" box="[129,255,1786,1803]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Nannothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum, Blumea
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
19:38. 1971
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFB99B1B61D37BB2FD87F8B7" box="[504,544,1787,1804]" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFB99B1B620C7BB3FBB1F8B7" author="Holttum" box="[551,1046,1786,1804]" journal="Blumea" page="38" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" score="3.24319811522761" volume="19" year="1971">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B620C7BB3FC1EF8B7" ID-CoL="8RC5D" authority="(Harr.) Holttum, Blumea" authorityName="Holttum, Blumea" baseAuthorityName="Harr." box="[551,953,1786,1804]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aoristisora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B620C7BB3FD5FF8B0" box="[551,760,1786,1803]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Nannothelypteris aoristisora</emphasis>
|
||
(Harr.) Holttum, Blumea
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
19:38. 1971
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B64047BB3FE16F89C" ID-CoL="8RTY8" authority="(Harr.) S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." authorityName="S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." baseAuthorityName="Harr." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aoristisorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B64047BB3FF68F89E" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Pronephrium aoristisorum</emphasis>
|
||
(Harr.) S.E. Fawc.& A.R.Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,based on
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B61D77A5CFDF6F89D" box="[508,593,1813,1830]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">Polypodium</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB99B1B627E7A5CFD46F89C" ID-CoL="8RTY8" authority="Harr." authorityName="Harr." box="[597,737,1813,1831]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="80" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aoristisorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB99B1B627E7A5CFD15F89E" box="[597,690,1813,1829]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="70">aoristisorum</emphasis>
|
||
Harr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB89B1A60B27DE8FD85FF08" blockId="81.[153,546,161,179]" box="[153,546,161,179]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
For complete synonymy, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A615B7DEBFE4CFF08" author="Holttum" box="[368,491,162,179]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Allertonia" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="169 - 234" part="1" refId="ref109882" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1977 b. The family Thelypteridaceae in the Pacific and Australasia. Allertonia 1: 169 - 234." title="The family Thelypteridaceae in the Pacific and Australasia" type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="b">Holttum (1977b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A61DA7DEBFDBFFF08" author="Holttum" box="[497,536,162,179]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB89B1A60527D81FDC6FF45" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB89B1A60527D81FDC6FF45" blockId="81.[121,1250,200,1822]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60527D81FF7DFF66" box="[121,218,200,221]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.—Gr.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61367D80FE9DFF65" box="[285,314,201,222]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">pro</emphasis>
|
||
, in front of +
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61EA7D81FDAFFF66" box="[449,520,200,221]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">nephros</emphasis>
|
||
, kidney, referring to the reniform indusia covering the sori (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A647E7D80FB70FF65" author="Stewart" box="[1109,1239,201,222]" firstAuthor="Stewart" journalOrPublisher="Fiddlehead Forum" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="21 - 36" part="10" refId="ref114814" refString="STEWART, R. R., D. M. JOHNSON, & J. T. MICKEL. 1983. Pteridophyte genera, the meaning of their names. Fiddlehead Forum 10: 21 - 36." title="Pteridophyte genera, the meaning of their names" type="journal article" year="1983">Stewart 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); indusia in this genus may be round, or even absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB89B1A60837C40FE5EFC66" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB89B1A60837C40FE5EFC66" blockId="81.[121,1250,200,1822]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
Plants terrestrial, rheophytic or epipetric, typically small to medium-sized, mostly (8–)15–50(–70) cm tall;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64887C40FF05FE86" bold="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">rhizomes</emphasis>
|
||
short-creeping, ascending, or erect;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61DE7C60FD9FFE85" bold="true" box="[501,568,297,318]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">fronds</emphasis>
|
||
typically strongly dimorphic with fertile fronds often much taller (to 3×) than non-fertile fronds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13252A65FFB89B1A614C7C00FE09FEE5" box="[359,430,329,350]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="27.[121,129,1750,1770]" captionTargetBox="[124,1252,168,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-8@27.[119,1252,168,1705]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIG.7.A.Pneumatopteris parksii,Fawcett 645 (UC),pinna lobes,adaxial view.B.Reholttumia magnifica,Fawcett 676 (VT),pinna lobes,abaxial view.C.Pelazoneuron patens,Fawcett 744 (VT), abaxial pinna-lobes.D. P.serra,Fawcett 1034 (VT), adaxial pinna lobes.E. Pakau pennigera, Given 11842 (VT),pinna lobes,abaxial view. F.Pakau pennigera, Stuart s.n.(VT),pinna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14111097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14111097/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A614C7C00FE09FEE5" bold="true" box="[359,430,329,350]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Fig. 7C</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), erect or arching, and once-pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid (rarely simple in juvenile plants);
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60ED7C20FEA6FEC5" bold="true" box="[198,257,361,382]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">stipes</emphasis>
|
||
stramineous to dull brown, with ovate-deltate to linear-lanceolate brown scales, typically with hairs on scales, rarely without;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61647CC1FE36FE26" bold="true" box="[335,401,392,413]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">blades</emphasis>
|
||
chartaceous to subcoriaceous, rarely membranaceous, with apex gradually reduced (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60527CE0FEB6FE05" authority="C. Presl" authorityName="C. Presl" box="[121,273,424,446]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affine">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60527CE0FF67FE06" box="[121,192,424,446]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.affine</emphasis>
|
||
C. Presl
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), pinna-like (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A619D7CE0FDBDFE06" box="[438,538,424,446]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A619D7CE0FDBDFE06" box="[438,538,424,446]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.lineatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), or much larger than lateral pinnae (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A638A7CE0FB70FE05" authority="(C. Presl) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="C. Presl" box="[929,1239,424,446]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="granulosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A638A7CE0FB86FE06" box="[929,1057,424,446]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.granulosum</emphasis>
|
||
(C. Presl) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), proximal pinnae not, or only slightly, reduced, lacking proliferous buds;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A631F7C80FCDDFE65" bold="true" box="[820,890,457,478]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">pinnae</emphasis>
|
||
margins entire, crenate, or shallowly lobed (some irregular long lobes projecting outward in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A62A07CA0FC16FE45" authority="(C. Chr.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="C. Chr." box="[651,945,488,510]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xiphioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62A07CA0FD59FE46" box="[651,766,488,510]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P. xiphioides</emphasis>
|
||
(C. Chr.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, rarely deeply lobed (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A64557CA0FF06FDA5" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64557CA0FF06FDA5" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P. philippinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), frequently with acroscopic basal auricles, sometimes also with basiscopic auricles, sessile or short-petiolulate, with truncate or broadly cuneate bases, in some species the pinnae strongly asymmetric (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A63EB7F61FBF8FD86" box="[960,1119,552,573]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A63EB7F61FBF8FD86" box="[960,1119,552,573]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Nannothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group);
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64877F60FB46FD85" bold="true" box="[1196,1249,553,574]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">veins</emphasis>
|
||
prominent adaxially and abaxially, several pairs regularly anastomosing to form a straight, or somewhat zig-zag excurrent vein, less commonly with included veinlets (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A62737F20FC0FFDC5" authority="(Blume) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[600,936,617,638]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menisciicarpon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62737F20FD5CFDC5" box="[600,763,617,638]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P. menisciicarpon</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), in species with smaller pinnae (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60877FC0FE90FD25" box="[172,311,649,670]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aoristisorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60877FC0FE90FD25" box="[172,311,649,670]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P. aoristisorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) veins forked rather than anastomosing; vein endings reaching margins;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64297FC1FBD4FD26" bold="true" box="[1026,1139,648,669]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">aerophores</emphasis>
|
||
rare, when present, as darkened swelling of aerating tissue;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A627F7FE0FCBAFD05" bold="true" box="[596,797,681,702]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">indument abaxially</emphasis>
|
||
of hyaline acicular hairs on costae, veins, and sometimes on laminar tissue between veins, yellow or golden spherical glands frequently present;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64317F80FB47FD65" bold="true" box="[1050,1248,713,734]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">indument adaxially</emphasis>
|
||
of hyaline acicular hairs, these restricted to costae and veins;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62E87FA1FCBDFD46" bold="true" box="[707,794,744,765]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">pustules</emphasis>
|
||
usually present and often dense on abaxial and adaxial laminae;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61317E40FEE5FCA5" bold="true" box="[282,322,777,798]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">sori</emphasis>
|
||
medial, round, with or without indusia, when present, indusia glabrous or with acicular hairs and/ or golden spherical glands, generally paired on either side of excurrent vein, appearing acrostichoid on the most reduced fertile fronds;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60D47E00FEC3FCE5" bold="true" box="[255,356,841,862]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">sporangia</emphasis>
|
||
glabrous or with setae or yellow to golden spherical glands;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A638D7E01FC4FFCE6" bold="true" box="[934,1000,840,861]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">spores</emphasis>
|
||
light to dark brown, with fimbriate, anastomosing crests (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61FB7E20FD93FCC6" box="[464,564,872,894]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peltatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61FB7E20FD93FCC6" box="[464,564,872,894]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.peltatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A62637E20FD4FFCC5" author="Patel" box="[584,744,872,894]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Patel" journalOrPublisher="Int. J. Pl. Sci." pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="1016 - 1035" part="180" refId="ref112729" refString="PATEL, N., S. FAWCETT, M. SUNDUE, & J. BUDKE. 2019 a. Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 180: 1016 - 1035." title="Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2019" yearSuffix="a">Patel et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62DD7E20FCA6FCC5" box="[758,769,873,894]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 36, with three species counted, representing two diploids (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60FF7EC0FE0BFC25" box="[212,428,904,926]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60FF7EC0FEBDFC26" box="[212,282,904,926]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">P. hosei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61087EC0FE0BFC25" box="[291,428,905,926]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camarinense">P. camarinense</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) and a tetraploid (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A62747EC0FD00FC26" box="[607,679,904,926]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affine">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62747EC0FD00FC26" box="[607,679,904,926]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.affine</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). No hybridization has been formally demonstrated within the genus, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A61267EE0FE00FC05" author="Holttum" box="[269,423,937,958]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A62687EE1FC83FC06" box="[579,804,936,957]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xiphioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62687EE1FC83FC06" box="[579,804,936,957]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium xiphioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may represent a hybrid (or a hybrid swarm) between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60E57E80FEE9FC66" box="[206,334,968,990]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="granulosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60E57E80FEE9FC66" box="[206,334,968,990]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.granulosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61577E80FE54FC66" box="[380,499,968,990]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhombeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61577E80FE54FC66" box="[380,499,968,990]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.rhombeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB89B1A60827EA1FCF4FA85" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB89B1A60827EA1FCF4FA85" blockId="81.[121,1250,200,1822]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60827EA1FE3EFC46" box="[169,409,1000,1021]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
Diagnosis.—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61347EA1FE3EFC46" box="[287,409,1000,1021]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Pronephrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFB89B1A61B67EA0FE1FFC46" box="[413,440,1000,1022]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61B67EA0FE14FC45" box="[413,435,1001,1022]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">s.s</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, as redefined here, is distinguished from the three other segregates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A64617EA1FB64FC46" box="[1098,1219,1000,1021]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64617EA1FB64FC46" box="[1098,1219,1000,1021]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFB89B1A64EC7EA1FB47FC46" box="[1223,1248,1000,1021]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64EC7EA1FB7CFC46" box="[1223,1243,1000,1021]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">s.l</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60AA7940FECCFBA6" box="[129,363,1032,1054]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60AA7940FF50FBA5" box="[129,247,1033,1054]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Menisciopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Menisciopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60D47941FECCFBA6" box="[255,363,1032,1053]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Abacopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abacopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61B57941FDA2FBA6" box="[414,517,1032,1053]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Grypothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61B57941FDA2FBA6" box="[414,517,1032,1053]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Grypothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by its small stature (typically <
|
||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFB89B1A63137940FCD4FBA6" box="[824,883,1032,1054]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall), strongly dimorphic fronds, small pinnae (usually <
|
||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFB89B1A61027960FEFEFB86" box="[297,345,1064,1086]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide), laminar apex sometimes gradually reduced, and yellow or golden spherical glands on abaxial lamina, indusia and/or sporangia. It also tends to grow at lower elevations than these taxa.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A641B7901FB0EFBE6" box="[1072,1193,1096,1117]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A641B7901FB0EFBE6" box="[1072,1193,1096,1117]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks the hamate hairs on the blades and/or sporangia and has short-creeping to suberect rhizomes; hamate hairs occur on all known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A610A79C1FE2EFB26" box="[289,393,1160,1181]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Grypothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A610A79C1FE2EFB26" box="[289,393,1160,1181]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Grypothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and many species of that genus have long-creeping rhizomes. The yellow spherical glands found in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A617779E1FE72FB06" box="[348,469,1192,1213]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A617779E1FE72FB06" box="[348,469,1192,1213]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are shared with many species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A632B79E1FC03FB06" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[768,932,1192,1213]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A632B79E1FC03FB06" box="[768,932,1192,1213]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Sphaerostephanos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,but are lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A646479E0FB47FB05" authorityName="sensu Holttum. In" authorityYear="1982" box="[1103,1248,1193,1214]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pneumatopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A646479E0FB47FB05" box="[1103,1248,1193,1214]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pneumatopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A608A7981FEB6FB66" box="[161,273,1224,1245]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Reholttumia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A608A7981FEB6FB66" box="[161,273,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Reholttumia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A615A7981FE4DFB66" box="[369,490,1224,1245]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A615A7981FE4DFB66" box="[369,490,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFB89B1A61C67980FDAEFB66" box="[493,521,1224,1246]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61C67980FDA5FB65" box="[493,514,1225,1246]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">s.s</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is more closely related than it is to other species segregated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A64437981FB46FB66" box="[1128,1249,1224,1245]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64437981FB46FB66" box="[1128,1249,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFB89B1A605279A1FF35FB46" box="[121,146,1256,1277]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A605279A1FF2AFB46" box="[121,141,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">s.l</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60BC79A1FEB7FB46" box="[151,272,1256,1277]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60BC79A1FEB7FB46" box="[151,272,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFB89B1A613E79A0FE96FB46" box="[277,305,1256,1278]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A613E79A0FE8DFB45" box="[277,298,1257,1278]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">s.s</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is generally distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A624F79A1FCAFFB46" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[612,776,1256,1277]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A624F79A1FCAFFB46" box="[612,776,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Sphaerostephanos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by proximal pinnae not, or only slightly, reduced (vs. abruptly or gradually reduced), and appressed hairs lacking on the adaxial laminae between veins (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A60527861FE32FA86" box="[121,405,1320,1341]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60527861FE32FA86" box="[121,405,1320,1341]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Sphaerostephanos glandulosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). For complete synonymy, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A62937860FCE8FA85" author="Holttum" box="[696,847,1321,1342]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB89B1A60827801FB1EF985" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB89B1A60827801FB1EF985" blockId="81.[121,1250,200,1822]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60827801FD8BFAE6" box="[169,556,1352,1373]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
Biogeography and ecology.—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61997801FD8BFAE6" box="[434,556,1352,1373]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pronephrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
includes approximately 37 species, is almost entirely Malesian in distribution, and is especially diverse in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFB89B1A61CF7820FDF3FAC5" box="[484,596,1385,1406]" name="Philippines" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Some taxa extend into adjacent continental Asia (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A647E7820FB3BFAC6" box="[1109,1180,1384,1406]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affine">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A647E7820FB3BFAC6" box="[1109,1180,1384,1406]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P.affine</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFB89B1A612B78C0FEFCFA25" box="[256,347,1417,1438]" name="Thailand" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
). One species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61C378C1FD66FA26" box="[488,705,1416,1437]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palauense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61C378C1FD66FA26" box="[488,705,1416,1437]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium palauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, endemic to the island of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFB89B1A639278C0FC57FA25" box="[953,1008,1417,1438]" name="Palau" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
, extends the range of the genus into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFB89B1A60C878E0FEF6FA05" box="[227,337,1449,1470]" name="Micronesia" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Most species occur at low elevations, many below
|
||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFB89B1A631578E0FCD9FA06" box="[830,894,1448,1470]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
|
||
, though some species reach
|
||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFB89B1A64BA78E0FB7AFA06" box="[1169,1245,1448,1470]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
|
||
, along streams, or on calcareous rocks. Of the 45 species treated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A62D77880FC35FA65" author="Holttum" box="[764,914,1481,1502]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A63CB7881FBD5FA66" box="[992,1138,1480,1501]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Dimorphopteris</emphasis>
|
||
, eight were known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFB89B1A616078A1FED1FA46" box="[331,374,1512,1533]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">type</typeStatus>
|
||
collection, and several others are known from only a few collections, suggesting that many may be rare, and therefore vulnerable to extinction; however, due in part to the subtle or microscopic characters needed to distinguish genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61767B60FDA3F985" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[349,516,1577,1598]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Thelypteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this diverse family may be often overlooked by non-specialist collectors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFB89B1960827B01FEADFD4C" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFB89B1960827B01FE77FEAC" blockId="81.[121,1250,200,1822]" lastBlockId="82.[97,1227,162,1089]" lastPageId="82" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60827B01FE53F9E6" box="[169,500,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies</emphasis>
|
||
.—Our observations suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A63177B00FC03F9E6" box="[828,932,1608,1630]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A63177B00FC03F9E6" box="[828,932,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P. lineatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A640B7B01FB3EF9E6" box="[1056,1177,1608,1629]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A640B7B01FB3EF9E6" box="[1056,1177,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is distantly related to the other members of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A622F7B20FD00F9C5" author="Holttum's" box="[516,679,1641,1662]" firstAuthor="Holttum's" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum’s (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A62997B20FD42F9C5" author="Holttum's" box="[690,741,1641,1662]" firstAuthor="Holttum's" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="105 - 126" part="20" refId="ref109495" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1972. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae IV. The genus Pronephrium Presl. Blumea 20: 105 - 126." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae IV. The genus Pronephrium Presl" type="journal article" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A62DB7B20FC85F9C5" author="Holttum's" box="[752,802,1641,1662]" firstAuthor="Holttum's" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) small but heterogeneous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A64047B21FF55F926" authority="sect. Pronephrium" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Pronephrium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A64047B21FB0AF9C6" box="[1071,1197,1640,1661]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A60527BC1FF55F926" box="[121,242,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which includes species we now recognize in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A62997BC1FCB8F926" box="[690,799,1672,1693]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Abacopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62997BC1FCB8F926" box="[690,799,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Abacopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A63007BC1FC38F926" box="[811,927,1672,1693]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Menisciopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A63007BC1FC38F926" box="[811,927,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Menisciopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A63FD7BC1FBDCF926" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[982,1147,1672,1693]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A63FD7BC1FBDCF926" box="[982,1147,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Sphaerostephanos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(based on molecular phylogenetic data; Fawcett et al. in press). Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A628F7BE1FCBAF906" box="[676,797,1704,1725]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A628F7BE1FCBAF906" box="[676,797,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFB89B1A630A7BE1FC9BF906" box="[801,828,1704,1725]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A630A7BE1FC90F906" box="[801,823,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">s.s</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, as defined herein, corresponds in large part to Holttum’s concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A61737B81FD30F966" box="[344,663,1736,1757]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Dimorphopteris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A61737B81FE76F966" box="[344,465,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A622E7B81FD30F966" box="[517,663,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">Dimorphopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFB89B1A628A7B80FD16F965" box="[673,689,1737,1758]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
collection at Leiden (L:0052355, image!), presumably studied by Blume, was designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFB89B1A61817BA0FDA4F945" box="[426,515,1769,1790]" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFB89B1A62367BA1FD24F946" box="[541,643,1768,1789]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFB89B1A62367BA1FD24F946" box="[541,643,1768,1789]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="71">P. lineatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFB89B1A62897BA0FC90F945" author="Holttum" box="[674,823,1769,1790]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="81" pageNumber="71" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Contrary to Holttum’s interpretation, we see this specimen as dimorphic, evidenced by the much longer stipe of the fertile frond. Holttum noted the spherical yellow glands and setulae on the sporangia, and glands on the indusia of the type, which, together with dimorphic fronds, are diagnostic for our concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961567D88FE51FF6D" box="[381,502,193,214]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961567D88FE51FF6D" box="[381,502,193,214]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFBB9B1961D77D8BFDBFFF6C" box="[508,536,194,215]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961D77D8BFDB5FF6C" box="[508,530,194,215]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">s.s</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B1962357D8BFD13FF6C" author="Holttum" box="[542,692,194,215]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
initially recognized
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963577D88FC59FF6D" box="[892,1022,193,214]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Haplodictyum</emphasis>
|
||
as a good genus, but later (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B1960BD7DABFEB9FF4C" author="Holttum" box="[150,286,226,247]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) placed it in synonymy under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962177DA8FD13FF4D" box="[572,692,225,246]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962177DA8FD13FF4D" box="[572,692,225,246]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; we regard the type of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963A17DA8FBACFF4D" box="[906,1035,225,246]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Haplodictyum</emphasis>
|
||
, and several similar species, to be part of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19610D7C48FE6DFEAD" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[294,458,257,278]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19610D7C48FE6DFEAD" box="[294,458,257,278]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Sphaerostephanos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFBB9B1960BB7C6BFEADFD4C" blockId="82.[97,1227,162,1089]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Based on the phylogeny in Fawcett et al. (in press),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962517C68FD54FE8D" box="[634,755,289,310]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962517C68FD54FE8D" box="[634,755,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a member of the sphaerostephanoid clade that also includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1960CC7C08FE2AFEED" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[231,397,321,342]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960CC7C08FE2AFEED" box="[231,397,321,342]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Sphaerostephanos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961B07C0BFD88FEEC" authorityName="sensu Holttum. In" authorityYear="1982" box="[411,559,322,343]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pneumatopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961B07C0BFD88FEEC" box="[411,559,322,343]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pneumatopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFBB9B19621E7C0BFDF7FEEC" box="[565,592,322,343]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19621E7C0BFDECFEEC" box="[565,587,322,343]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">s.s</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962A37C08FD5DFEED" box="[648,762,321,342]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Reholttumia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962A37C08FD5DFEED" box="[648,762,321,342]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Reholttumia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which includes a majority of species formerly treated in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1960E17C2BFEC7FECC" authorityName="sensu Holttum. In" authorityYear="1982" box="[202,352,354,375]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pneumatopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960E17C2BFEC7FECC" box="[202,352,354,375]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pneumatopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). These four genera are together sister to the pseudocyclosoroid clade which includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19604A7CC8FF69FE2D" box="[97,206,385,406]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Abacopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19604A7CC8FF69FE2D" box="[97,206,385,406]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Abacopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(treated by Holttum as a heterotypic synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19629E7CC8FC7AFE2D" authority="sect. Pronephrium" box="[693,989,385,407]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Pronephrium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19629E7CC8FC89FE2D" box="[693,814,385,406]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19634E7CC8FC7AFE2D" box="[869,989,385,406]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The larger christelloid clade includes both the sphaerostephanoids and the pseudocyclosoroids.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963337CE8FC36FE0D" box="[792,913,417,438]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963337CE8FC36FE0D" box="[792,913,417,438]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFBB9B1963BE7CEBFC16FE0C" box="[917,945,418,439]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963BE7CEBFC0CFE0C" box="[917,939,418,439]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">s.s</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(our sense, defined herein) is more distantly related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19617F7C8BFE6FFE6C" box="[340,456,450,471]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Menisciopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19617F7C8BFE6FFE6C" box="[340,456,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Menisciopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961D27C88FDC6FE6D" box="[505,609,449,470]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Grypothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961D27C88FDC6FE6D" box="[505,609,449,470]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Grypothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the other two segregates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19635D7C88FB61FE6C" authority="sensu Holttum (1982)" authorityName="sensu Holttum. These" authorityYear="1982" box="[886,1222,449,471]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19635D7C88FB8FFE6C" box="[886,1064,449,471]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B1964057C8BFB61FE6C" author="Holttum" box="[1070,1222,450,471]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which resolve in the chingioid clade.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961F57CA8FD56FE4C" box="[478,753,481,503]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aoristisora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961F57CA8FD56FE4C" box="[478,753,481,503]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Nannothelypteris aoristisora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFBB9B19630E7CABFCF6FE4C" box="[805,849,482,503]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19635F7CA8FBBEFE4D" box="[884,1049,481,502]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19635F7CA8FBBEFE4D" box="[884,1049,481,502]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Nannothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is nested within
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19604A7F48FF5CFDAC" box="[97,251,513,535]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19604A7F48FF7DFDAD" authorityName="sensu Holttum. These" authorityYear="1982" box="[97,218,513,534]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Pronephrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFBB9B1960F47F4BFF5CFDAC" box="[223,251,514,535]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and is here treated as a synonym.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B19627B7F4BFD40FDAC" author="Holttum" box="[592,743,514,535]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was aware of the similarity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19643A7F48FB17FDAD" box="[1041,1200,513,534]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19643A7F48FB17FDAD" box="[1041,1200,513,534]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Nannothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19604A7F68FE09FD8D" box="[97,430,545,567]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Dimorphopteris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19604A7F68FF7AFD8D" box="[97,221,545,566]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19613C7F68FE09FD8D" box="[279,430,545,566]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Dimorphopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and believed they were closely related.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963157F68FC46FD8D" box="[830,993,545,566]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963157F68FC46FD8D" box="[830,993,545,566]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Nannothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as treated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B19645E7F6BFF03FDEC" author="Holttum" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Haplodictyum and Nannothelypteris. Kalikasan" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="58 - 68" part="2" refId="ref109550" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1973 b. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae VI. Haplodictyum and Nannothelypteris. Kalikasan 2: 58 - 68." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae VI" type="journal article" year="1973" yearSuffix="b">Holttum (1973b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B1960867F0BFF79FDEC" author="Holttum" box="[173,222,578,599]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), is restricted to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFBB9B1961B77F0BFDAEFDEC" box="[412,521,578,599]" name="Philippines" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and its species are distinct from most
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963597F08FBA3FDED" box="[882,1028,577,598]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Dimorphopteris</emphasis>
|
||
in having lanceolate blades with many (> 30) pinna-pairs. Two additional species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962EE7F28FCC3FDCD" box="[709,868,609,630]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962EE7F28FCC3FDCD" box="[709,868,609,630]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Nannothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B1964357F2BFB62FDCC" author="Kato" box="[1054,1221,610,631]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kato" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Geobot." pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="43 - 59" part="48" refId="ref110552" refString="KATO, M. 1997. Taxonomic studies of pteridophytes of Ambon and Seram (Moluccas) collected on Indonesian-Japanese botanical expeditions XI. Thelypteridaceae (1). Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 48: 43 - 59." title="Taxonomic studies of pteridophytes of Ambon and Seram (Moluccas) collected on Indonesian-Japanese botanical expeditions XI. Thelypteridaceae (1)" type="journal article" year="1997">Kato et al. (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, extending the known range to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFBB9B1961837FCBFDA2FD2C" box="[424,517,642,663]" name="Indonesia" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but one of these,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962857FCBFCD9FD2C" authority="M. Kato" authorityName="M. Kato" box="[686,894,642,663]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Coryphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seramensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962857FCBFC8AFD2C" box="[686,813,642,663]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">N. seramensis</emphasis>
|
||
M. Kato
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, does not display morphology typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1960B67FE8FE9CFD0D" box="[157,315,673,694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Nannothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960B67FE8FE9CFD0D" box="[157,315,673,694]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Nannothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of its large size and deeply incised and gradually reduced proximal pinnae. Its affinity is uncertain, but its macromorphology, geographic location, and glandular sporangia suggest it may belong in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19604A7FA8FEA2FD4D" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[97,261,737,758]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19604A7FA8FEA2FD4D" box="[97,261,737,758]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Sphaerostephanos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFBB9B19604A791EFDD9FA16" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" type="taxon_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFBB9B19604A791EFDD9FA16" blockId="82.[97,1228,1111,1805]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Constituent species.—*
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19611E791EFD2FFBD6" authority="(Blume) C. Presl" authorityName="C. Presl" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[309,648,1111,1133]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affine">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19611E791EFE42FBD7" box="[309,485,1111,1132]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium affine</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) C. Presl
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962BB791EFC1DFBD6" authority="(Willd.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[656,954,1111,1133]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amboinense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962BB791EFCB7FBD7" box="[656,784,1111,1132]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.amboinense</emphasis>
|
||
(Willd.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963E9791EFB17FBD6" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[962,1200,1111,1133]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amphitrichum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963E9791EFBFFFBD7" box="[962,1112,1111,1132]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.amphitrichum</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196493791EFEDAFB36" authority="(Copel.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Copel." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatiloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196493791EFF76FB37" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. aquatiloides</emphasis>
|
||
(Copel.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961BB793EFC98FB36" authority="(Harr.) S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." authorityName="S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." baseAuthorityName="Harr." box="[400,831,1143,1165]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aoristisorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961BB793EFDBBFB37" box="[400,540,1143,1164]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. aoristisorum</emphasis>
|
||
(Harr.) S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19636C793EFBC5FB36" authority="(Hook.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Hook." box="[839,1122,1143,1165]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="borneense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19636C793EFC1FFB37" box="[839,952,1143,1164]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. borneense</emphasis>
|
||
(Hook.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196441793EFE71FB16" authority="(Holttum) S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." authorityName="S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." baseAuthorityName="Holttum" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camarinense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196441793EFF32FB17" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.camarinense</emphasis>
|
||
(Holttum) S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961C379DEFD5BFB16" authority="(Baker) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[488,764,1175,1197]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="celebicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961C379DEFDF0FB17" box="[488,599,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.celebicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Baker) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19632F79DEFB8DFB16" authority="(Copel.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Copel." box="[772,1066,1175,1197]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clemensiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19632F79DEFCD9FB17" box="[772,894,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. clemensiae</emphasis>
|
||
(Copel.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19641979DEFF12FB76" authority="(Baker) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="debile">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19641979DEFBDBFB17" box="[1074,1148,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.debile</emphasis>
|
||
(Baker) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19609579FEFE44FB76" authority="(Baker) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[190,483,1207,1229]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exsculptum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19609579FEFE9BFB77" box="[190,316,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. exsculptum</emphasis>
|
||
(Baker) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961C779FEFD58FB76" authority="(Baker) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[492,767,1207,1229]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firmulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961C779FEFDFFFB77" box="[492,600,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.firmulum</emphasis>
|
||
(Baker) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19632379FEFC76FB76" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[776,977,1207,1229]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giluwense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19632379FEFCDFFB77" box="[776,888,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. giluwense</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963CE79FEFF12FB56" authority="(C. Presl) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="C. Presl" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="granulosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963CE79FEFBC0FB77" box="[997,1127,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. granulosum</emphasis>
|
||
(C. Presl) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196096799EFE62FB56" authority="(Copel.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Copel." box="[189,453,1239,1261]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hewittii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196096799EFEBEFB57" box="[189,281,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.hewittii</emphasis>
|
||
(Copel.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961F3799EFD65FB56" authority="(Baker) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[472,706,1239,1261]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961F3799EFDBBFB57" box="[472,540,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.hosei</emphasis>
|
||
(Baker) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962E1799EFB17FB56" authority="(Holttum) S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." authorityName="S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." baseAuthorityName="Holttum" box="[714,1200,1239,1261]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inaequilobatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962E1799EFCC9FB57" box="[714,878,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. inaequilobatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Holttum) S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196493799EFEB1FAB6" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kjellbergii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196493799EFF1BFAB7" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. kjellbergii</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19610B79BEFD97FAB6" authority="(Blume) C. Presl" authorityName="C. Presl" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[288,560,1271,1293]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19610B79BEFE20FAB7" box="[288,391,1271,1292]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. lineatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) C. Presl
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19626F79BEFC33FAB6" authority="(Blume) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[580,916,1271,1293]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menisciicarpon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19626F79BEFD40FAB7" box="[580,743,1271,1292]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. menisciicarpon</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963B579BEFB09FAB6" authority="(Christ) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Christ" box="[926,1198,1271,1293]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="merrillii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963B579BEFBA5FAB7" box="[926,1026,1271,1292]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. merrillii</emphasis>
|
||
(Christ) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19649379BEFEAFFA96" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="millarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19649379BEFF0AFA97" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. millarae</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196139785EFE57FA96" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[274,496,1303,1325]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minahassae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196139785EFE32FA97" box="[274,405,1303,1324]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. minahassae</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961D1785EFC17FA96" authority="(Tagawa & K. Iwats.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Tagawa & K. Iwats." box="[506,944,1303,1325]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moniliforme">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961D1785EFDD8FA97" box="[506,639,1303,1324]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. moniliforme</emphasis>
|
||
(Tagawa & K. Iwats.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196391785EFEB3FAF6" authority="(M. Kato) S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." authorityName="S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." baseAuthorityName="M. Kato" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="murkelense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196391785EFB9EFA97" box="[954,1081,1303,1324]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. murkelense</emphasis>
|
||
(M. Kato) S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196135787EFD08FAF6" authority="(Fee) S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." authorityName="S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." baseAuthorityName="Fee" box="[286,687,1335,1357]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nervosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196135787EFE37FAF7" box="[286,400,1335,1356]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. nervosum</emphasis>
|
||
(Fée) S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196292787EFC40FAF6" authority="(Hosok.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Hosok." box="[697,999,1335,1357]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palauense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196292787EFC89FAF7" box="[697,814,1335,1356]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. palauense</emphasis>
|
||
(Hosok.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963D7787EFF13FAD6" authority="(Alderw.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Alderw." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peltatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963D7787EFBC1FAF7" box="[1020,1126,1335,1356]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. peltatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Alderw.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13252A65FFBB9B1960E87811FEACFAD6" box="[195,267,1368,1389]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="27.[121,129,1750,1770]" captionTargetBox="[124,1252,168,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-8@27.[119,1252,168,1705]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIG.7.A.Pneumatopteris parksii,Fawcett 645 (UC),pinna lobes,adaxial view.B.Reholttumia magnifica,Fawcett 676 (VT),pinna lobes,abaxial view.C.Pelazoneuron patens,Fawcett 744 (VT), abaxial pinna-lobes.D. P.serra,Fawcett 1034 (VT), adaxial pinna lobes.E. Pakau pennigera, Given 11842 (VT),pinna lobes,abaxial view. F.Pakau pennigera, Stuart s.n.(VT),pinna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14111097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14111097/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960E87811FEACFAD6" bold="true" box="[195,267,1368,1389]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Fig. 7C</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19610B781EFDAEFAD6" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[288,521,1367,1389]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peramalense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19610B781EFE0AFAD7" box="[288,429,1367,1388]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. peramalense</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196238781EFC43FAD6" authority="(C. Presl) S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." authorityName="S. E. Fawc. & A. R. Sm." baseAuthorityName="C. Presl" box="[531,996,1367,1389]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Physematium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196238781EFD3DFAD7" box="[531,666,1367,1388]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. philippinum</emphasis>
|
||
(C. Presl) S.E. Fawc. & A.R. Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963D3781EFF12FA36" authority="(Christ) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Christ" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhombeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963D3781EFBD3FAD7" box="[1016,1140,1367,1388]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. rhombeum</emphasis>
|
||
(Christ) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B196097783EFE7CFA36" authority="(Copel.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Copel." box="[188,475,1399,1421]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B196097783EFE96FA37" box="[188,305,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.samarense</emphasis>
|
||
(Copel.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961C8783EFCAAFA36" authority="(C. Chr.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="C. Chr." box="[483,781,1399,1421]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simillimum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961C8783EFDF9FA37" box="[483,606,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.simillimum</emphasis>
|
||
(C. Chr.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19633E783EFC41FA36" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[789,998,1399,1421]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="solsonicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19633E783EFC29FA37" box="[789,910,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.solsonicum</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963C5783EFB61FA36" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[1006,1222,1399,1421]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thysanoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963C5783EFBCAFA37" box="[1006,1133,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.thysanoides</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19604A78DEFEF5FA16" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[97,338,1431,1453]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachyphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19604A78DEFF5DFA17" box="[97,250,1431,1452]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.trachyphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19614E78DEFDD9FA16" authority="(Christ) Holttum" box="[357,638,1431,1453]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xiphioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19614E78DEFE71FA17" box="[357,470,1431,1452]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P.xiphioides</emphasis>
|
||
(Christ) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFBB9B1860BA78FFFD16FF6C" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFBB9B1960BA78FFFE7AF9F7" blockId="82.[97,1228,1111,1805]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960BA78FFFE8EFA77" box="[145,297,1462,1484]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Excluded species</emphasis>
|
||
.—Several species included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19626578FFFC28FA70" box="[590,911,1462,1484]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Dimorphopteris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19626578FFFD60FA70" box="[590,711,1462,1483]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962D678FFFC28FA70" box="[765,911,1462,1483]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Dimorphopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B19639878F1FBEEFA76" author="Holttum" box="[947,1097,1464,1485]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are excluded here.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1960BE789FFE27FA50" box="[149,384,1494,1515]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960BE789FFE27FA50" box="[149,384,1494,1515]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium articulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, distributed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFBB9B1962387891FDD6FA56" box="[531,625,1496,1517]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFBB9B1962517891FD08FA56" box="[634,687,1496,1517]" name="India" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFBB9B1963177891FCDDFA56" box="[828,890,1496,1517]" name="China" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, is morphologically distinctive and may be nested within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19611878BFFD20F9B6" authority="(Patel et al. 2019 a)" baseAuthorityName="Patel" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[307,647,1526,1549]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pseudocyclosorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19611878BFFE74F9B0" box="[307,467,1526,1547]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pseudocyclosorus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFBB9B1961F678B1FD27F9B6" author="Patel" box="[477,640,1527,1549]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Patel" journalOrPublisher="Int. J. Pl. Sci." pageId="82" pageNumber="72" pagination="1016 - 1035" part="180" refId="ref112729" refString="PATEL, N., S. FAWCETT, M. SUNDUE, & J. BUDKE. 2019 a. Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 180: 1016 - 1035." title="Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2019" yearSuffix="a">Patel et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Several species are transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963E178BFFBC9F9B0" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[970,1134,1526,1547]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963E178BFFBC9F9B0" box="[970,1134,1526,1547]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Sphaerostephanos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; all other members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1960FE7B5FFE78F996" authority="sensu Holttum" authorityName="sensu Holttum. These" authorityYear="1982" box="[213,479,1558,1581]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960FE7B5FFEE9F990" box="[213,334,1558,1579]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium</emphasis>
|
||
sensu Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not listed as constituents of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962C37B5FFC26F997" box="[744,897,1558,1580]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962C37B5FFCC6F990" authorityName="sensu Holttum. These" authorityYear="1982" box="[744,865,1558,1579]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Pronephrium</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFBB9B19634F7B5EFC26F997" box="[868,897,1559,1580]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(our new sense) here are treated in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19604A7B7FFF6AF9F0" box="[97,205,1590,1611]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Abacopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19604A7B7FFF6AF9F0" box="[97,205,1590,1611]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Abacopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1960F37B7FFEE7F9F0" box="[216,320,1590,1611]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Grypothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960F37B7FFEE7F9F0" box="[216,320,1590,1611]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Grypothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961487B7EFE70F9F7" box="[355,471,1591,1612]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Menisciopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961487B7EFE70F9F7" box="[355,471,1591,1612]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Menisciopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFBB9B1960BA7B1EFE49F976" blockId="82.[97,1228,1111,1805]" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960BA7B1EFDBFF9D0" box="[145,536,1622,1644]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Species transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B19617C7B1FFE5AF9D0" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[343,509,1622,1643]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Sphaerostephanos</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962337B1FFCD6F9D6" authority="(Harr.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Harr." box="[536,881,1622,1645]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962337B1FFD75F9D0" box="[536,722,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
(Harr.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963AF7B1EFB02F9D6" authority="(Ces.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Ces." box="[900,1189,1622,1645]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Mesophlebion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beccarianum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963AF7B1EFBA8F9D0" box="[900,1039,1622,1644]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. beccarianum</emphasis>
|
||
(Ces.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; *
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1964937B1EFE97F936" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brauseanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1964937B1EFF73F930" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. brauseanum</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961107B3EFD35F936" authority="(Holttum) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" box="[315,658,1654,1677]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulusanicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961107B3EFE6DF930" box="[315,458,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. bulusanicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Holttum) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962B67B3EFC69F936" authority="(Copel.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Copel." box="[669,974,1654,1677]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diminutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962B67B3EFCBCF930" box="[669,795,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. diminutum</emphasis>
|
||
(Copel.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963F37B3EFC46F937" box="[984,993,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">*</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963C97B3EFF12F916" authority="(Blume) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Blume" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963C97B3EFBD5F930" box="[994,1138,1654,1676]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. glandulosum</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1960967BDEFDB2F916" authority="(Copel.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Copel." box="[189,533,1686,1709]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanophlebium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960967BDEFECEF910" box="[189,361,1686,1708]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. melanophlebium</emphasis>
|
||
(Copel.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1962367BDEFCBFF916" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[541,792,1687,1709]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="micropinnatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1962367BDEFD18F917" box="[541,703,1687,1708]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. micropinnatum</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19630B7BDEFC8EF917" box="[800,809,1687,1708]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">*</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1963027BDEFBDBF916" authority="(Rosenst.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Rosenst." box="[809,1148,1686,1709]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pentaphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1963027BDEFC1AF910" box="[809,957,1686,1708]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. pentaphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
(Rosenst.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1964AF7BDEFB2AF917" box="[1156,1165,1687,1708]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">*</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1964A57BDEFEAFF976" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scopulorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1964A57BDEFF17F970" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. scopulorum</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B19613B7BFEFEBEF977" box="[272,281,1719,1740]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">*</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961327BFEFE49F976" authority="Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" box="[281,494,1718,1741]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Sphaerostephanos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="womersleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961327BFEFE3FF970" box="[281,408,1718,1740]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">P. womersleyi</emphasis>
|
||
Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFBB9B1860BA7B9EFD16FF6C" blockId="82.[97,1228,1111,1805]" lastBlockId="83.[121,1249,161,215]" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1960BA7B9EFEABF950" box="[145,268,1750,1772]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1961027B9FFD79F956" authority="(Copel.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Copel." box="[297,734,1750,1773]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pronephrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acanthocarpum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1961027B9FFD91F950" box="[297,566,1750,1771]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Pronephrium acanthocarpum</emphasis>
|
||
(Copel.) Holttum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recognized by Holttum in subg.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBB9B1964177B9EFB17F957" box="[1084,1200,1751,1772]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Menisciopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBB9B1964177B9EFB17F957" box="[1084,1200,1751,1772]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="72">Menisciopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It has setose sporangia, which do not occur in members of that genus as treated here, but are common in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBA9B1860527DE8FF41FF0D" box="[121,230,161,182]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Abacopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="83" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBA9B1860527DE8FF41FF0D" box="[121,230,161,182]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="73">Abacopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Its short stature, trifoliolate laminae, and proliferous buds, however, agree with
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFBA9B1863C07DE8FBFDFF0D" box="[1003,1114,161,182]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFBA9B1863C07DE8FBF1FF0D" box="[1003,1110,161,182]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Grypothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="83" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Grypothrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Careful study of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFBA9B1860987D8BFF79FF6C" box="[179,222,194,215]" pageId="83" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is needed to determine its taxonomic placement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |