303 lines
65 KiB
XML
303 lines
65 KiB
XML
<document id="E3ECC48076BB1493A1CE87B3A8063A96" ID-CLB-Dataset="55213" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5125.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e60faf84-9cc4-4da0-9b89-42b57a2cfa26" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6424502" ID-ZooBank="6DDA279A-FA5F-4993-98DD-FC40133292BB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1649409802207" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di" docDate="2022" docId="038254222A3C444E8A9FFA122C21FC9A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5125.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5125 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Fedorella minima Silen 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="171" masterDocId="FFBB2C5A2A3744408A08FFB82F56FFA3" masterDocTitle="Revision of the type species of some cheilostome bryozoan genera in the collection of the Swedish Museum of Natural History" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="157" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1699319725574" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E4517561AE4AF6A7073D480041C02F81">Revision of the type species of some cheilostome bryozoan genera in the collection of the Swedish Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="47672C5923A25672BA2C4AF1BE896360">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E68FC200340716896B8AC1777E5CFBD3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2518C6872546183137D6B6BB6546A9F2">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CE894DE151950DE4A725B35EE0EC6B86">2022-04-08</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038254222A3C444E8A9FFA122C21FC9A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6425471" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194520081" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6425471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038254222A3C444E8A9FFA122C21FC9A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038254222A3C444E8A9FFA122C21FC9A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3C444B8A9FFA122D56FA67" box="[151,512,1449,1477]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8A9FFA122D56FA67" blockId="11.[151,512,1449,1513]" box="[151,512,1449,1477]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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<heading id="D0DC52582A3C444B8A9FFA122D56FA67" bold="true" box="[151,512,1449,1477]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8A9FFA122D56FA67" ID-CoL="6HQQ7" authority="Silen, 1947" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,512,1449,1477]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cleidochasmatidae" genus="Fedorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minima">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8A9FFA122D56FA67" bold="true" box="[151,512,1449,1477]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8A9FFA122E27FA67" bold="true" box="[151,369,1450,1477]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fedorella minima</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8B70FA112D56FA67" author="Silen, L." box="[376,512,1449,1476]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3C444B8A9FFA762E3AFA4A" box="[151,364,1486,1513]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8A9FFA762E3AFA4A" blockId="11.[151,512,1449,1513]" box="[151,364,1486,1513]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B8A97FA762FBEFA4B" box="[159,232,1486,1512]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B8AFCFA772E52FA4A" box="[244,260,1487,1513]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">7</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6A9D08F2A3C444B8B18FA762E35FA4A" box="[272,355,1486,1513]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,239,872,896]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements in µm of Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, West Indies, Anguilla; SMNH-Type-8734 and SMNH- 128088." pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Table 5</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3C444B8A9FF9B42C75F987" box="[151,803,1548,1572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8A9FF9B42C75F987" blockId="11.[151,803,1548,1572]" box="[151,803,1548,1572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3BC21A2A3C444B8A9FF9B42C75F987" box="[151,803,1548,1572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8AC3252A3C444B8A9FF9B42EB9F987" author="Silen, L." box="[151,495,1548,1572]" page="55" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" year="1947">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3C444B8A9FF9B42EB9F987" ID-CoL="6HQQ7" authority="Silen, 1947: 55" authorityName="Silen" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,495,1548,1572]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cleidochasmatidae" genus="Fedorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minima">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8A9FF9B42E1AF987" box="[151,332,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fedorella minima</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8B5BF9B42EB9F987" author="Silen, L." box="[339,495,1548,1572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947: 55</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, text-figs 46–48, pl. 4, fig. 24.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3C444B8A9FF9EA2D4DF95F" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8A9FF9EA2D4DF95F" blockId="11.[151,1437,1618,2041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8A9FF9EA2ED7F9CF" bold="true" box="[151,385,1618,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B43EF692A3C444B8B80F9EB2CE9F933" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748664304" collectorName="Leg. A. v. Goes" country="Anguilla" location="Anguilla" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54905B962A3C444B8B80F9EB2EAEF9CE" box="[392,504,1619,1645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(designated here) SMNH-128088a (
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<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B899BF9EA2B58F9CF" box="[915,1038,1618,1644]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fig. 7A–C</figureCitation>
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), tropical Atlantic Ocean,
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<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B8F3BF9EA2ACEF9CF" box="[1331,1432,1618,1644]" name="Anguilla" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
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, 18˚N 62˚W, depth 182–455.
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<collectorName id="26DE80E22A3C444B8BD6F9CF2DDEF933" box="[478,648,1654,1681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Leg. A.v. Goës</collectorName>
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1869 (
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<quantity id="4CD348D12A3C444B88D1F9CE2C66F933" box="[729,816,1654,1680]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.72694" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" unit="in" value="1861.0">1861 in</quantity>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3C444B8931F9CE2CE1F933" author="Silen, L." box="[825,951,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén 1947</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54905B962A3C444B89C3F9CE2B38F933" box="[971,1134,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
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SMNH-128088b-h (seven colonies, two of which are figured here,
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<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B8865F9222DB0F916" box="[621,742,1690,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fig. 7D–F</figureCitation>
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), same details as the
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<typeStatus id="54905B962A3C444B89D6F9222B1EF917" box="[990,1096,1690,1716]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B43EF692A3C444B8E5CF9222D41F95F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748664305" collectorName="Leg. A. v. Goes" country="Anguilla" elevation="455" location="Atlantic Ocean" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54905B962A3C444B8E5CF9222BA1F917" box="[1108,1271,1690,1716]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
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SMNH-Type-8734, tropical
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<location id="8EF4B3EF2A3C444B8B33F9062EB1F97B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038254222A3C444E8A9FFA122C21FC9A:8EF4B3EF2A3C444B8B33F9062EB1F97B" box="[315,487,1726,1752]" country="Anguilla" name="Atlantic Ocean" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Atlantic Ocean</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33CA5A42A3C444B8BFAF9062D01F97B" box="[498,599,1726,1752]" name="Anguilla" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
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, 18˚N 62˚W, depth
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<quantity id="4CD348D12A3C444B8930F9062CECF97A" box="[824,954,1726,1753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="5.46" metricValueMin="3.6399999999999997" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="455.0" valueMax="546.0" valueMin="364.0">
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<elevation id="000602072A3C444B8930F9062CECF97A" box="[824,954,1726,1753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="5.46" metricValueMin="3.6399999999999997" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="455.0" valueMax="546.0" valueMin="364.0">364–546 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, ooze; 13 colonies (three of which figured here,
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<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B8ADDF95A2E4FF95E" box="[213,281,1762,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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).
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<collectorName id="26DE80E22A3C444B8B26F95B2E83F95F" box="[302,469,1762,1789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Leg. A.v. Goës</collectorName>
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||
1869
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A3C444D8ACFF8BE2A76FEBE" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8ACFF8BE2C99F8E7" blockId="11.[151,1437,1618,2041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
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<emphasis id="B95F39262A3C444B8ACFF8BE2E0FF883" bold="true" box="[199,345,1798,1824]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Description.</emphasis>
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Colony oval to pear-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B88AFF8BE2C71F883" box="[679,807,1798,1824]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Figs 6A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B893BF8BE2C0EF883" box="[819,856,1798,1824]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">7A</figureCitation>
|
||
), 1.00–
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A3C444B89A5F8BE2B47F882" box="[941,1041,1798,1825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.74" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="1.74">1.74 mm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A3C444B8E7EF8BE2A4CF882" box="[1142,1306,1798,1825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.37" metricValueMin="0.88" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="1.125" valueMax="1.37" valueMin="0.88">0.88–1.37 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (L/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F83F32A3C444B8F89F8BE2F9FF8E7" degrees="1.00" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" precision="555" value="-1.0">W 1.00</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–1.76, N 15), likely to be supported above the substrate by rhizooids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444B8ACFF8F62BCAF813" blockId="11.[151,1437,1618,2041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
|
||
Autozooids arranged in 5–6 whorls of up to 10–12 zooids each (the highest number of zooids usually at colony mid-length), distinct with deep grooves and a thin rim of smooth calcification, irregularly polygonal, pentagonal, hexagonal or rectangular, with undulate margins, almost equidimensional (mean L/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F83F32A3C444B8E32F82E2BC6F813" box="[1082,1168,1942,1968]" degrees="1.01" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" precision="555" value="-1.01">W 1.01</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3C444C8ACFF8022E51FF59" blockId="11.[151,1437,1618,2041]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,682]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
|
||
Frontal shield imperforate and coarsely tubercular; tuberculation seemingly increasing with ontogeny (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3C444B8F67F8022FEBF85B" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
); tubercles in the first two generations of zooids concentrated along the proximal and lateral margins of the zooid leaving the centre completely smooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8887FF2F2DBAFF12" box="[655,748,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C88F0FF2F2C6EFF12" box="[760,824,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">7E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
); in some zooids two pairs of circular marginal areolar pores visible laterally, one pair proximally and the other pair distally, at about the same level as orifice mid-length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8AA8FF672FACFF59" box="[160,250,223,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3B444C8ACFFEBB2BCCFE2A" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Primary orifice cleithridiate, slightly longer than wide (mean L/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F83F32A3B444C89A0FEBB2CA7FEBE" box="[936,1009,259,285]" degrees="1.1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" precision="5555" value="-1.1">W 1.1</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), a horseshoe-shaped anter separated from a widely arcuate sinus by two small pointed triangular condyles proximomedially directed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8EF6FE9F2A0AFEE2" box="[1278,1372,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8F63FE9F2AD9FEE2" box="[1387,1423,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paired oral spine bases present distolaterally only on the first two generations of autozooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8EABFEF32BA8FEC6" box="[1187,1278,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
arrowed, 7F). Smooth closure plates observed sealing the orifice of the zooids in the first whorls (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8E36FED72BC4FE2A" box="[1086,1170,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3B444C8ACFFE2B2BDFFD09" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Adventitious avicularia of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2D2EBD2A3B444C8BFEFE2B2D30FE0E" box="[502,614,403,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
, present on the majority of autozooids, single or paired, placed lateral to the orifice;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3B444C8B16FE0F2E18FE72" box="[286,334,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 avicularia drop-shaped, small, with slightly raised, triangular rostrum directed laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8F62FE0F2FEAFE56" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8AC1FE632E5EFE56" box="[201,264,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">7E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) or slightly distolaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C883EFE632DE1FE56" box="[566,695,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C88CCFE632DB1FE56" box="[708,743,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
), with complete crossbar, placed at level with the distal third of orifice length;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3B444C8B68FE472EC6FDBA" box="[352,400,511,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 avicularia spatulate, large, with raised, spoon-shaped, serrated rostrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8EECFE472A14FDBA" box="[1252,1346,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8F58FE472AC2FDBA" box="[1360,1428,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">7B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) directed distally or slightly distolaterally, with complete crossbar, placed at level with the orifice proximal margin. When paired, three combinations of avicularia
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3B444C88A4FDFF2DB1FDC2" box="[684,743,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">types</typeStatus>
|
||
were observed: (i) two small drop-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8EDDFDFF2A65FDC2" box="[1237,1331,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8F48FDFF2A32FDC2" box="[1344,1380,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
); (ii) one small drop-shaped and one large spatulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C88A7FDD32C5EFD25" box="[687,776,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
); (iii) two large spatulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8E3BFDD32BFBFD26" box="[1075,1197,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). When single, either
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3B444C8A9FFD372F84FD0A" box="[151,210,655,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of avicularia observed (e.g. only
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3B444C8843FD372D2DFD0A" box="[587,635,655,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 see
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C88CAFD372C4BFD0A" box="[706,797,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8921FD372C3FFD0A" box="[809,873,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">7E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
; only
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A3B444C89A5FD372C8BFD0A" box="[941,989,655,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 see
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8E2CFD372B2AFD09" box="[1060,1148,655,682]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF54B5BC2A3B444C8A9FF9222E84F8E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" startId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" targetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3B444C8A9FF9222E84F8E0" blockId="12.[151,1437,1690,1859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3B444C8A9FF9222E42F911" bold="true" box="[151,276,1690,1714]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3B444C8B13F9222D18F911" authority="Silen, 1947" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[283,590,1690,1714]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cleidochasmatidae" genus="Fedorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3B444C8B13F9222E87F911" box="[283,465,1690,1714]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fedorella minima</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3B444C8BD0F9222D18F911" author="Silen, L." box="[472,590,1690,1714]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3B444C8ACFF8C82BCBF855" blockId="12.[151,1436,1904,2039]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Ovicells prominent, globular, occupying the entire length of the frontal shield of the next distal zooid; ooecium coarsely tubercular as zooidal frontal shield but evenly and densely pseudoporous; pseudopores circular, about 10 µm in diameter, placed at the centre of subcircular pits, about 25 µm in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8E12F8002BC7F870" box="[1050,1169,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
); ooecial aperture large, about 85 x 105–125 µm, rounded triangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3B444C8898F8642DBCF854" box="[656,746,2012,2039]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
), not closed by the zooidal operculum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3A444D8ACFFF2F2E46FF5A" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Kenozooids rare, rectangular, as long as autozooids but narrower, without openings but with two marginal areolae at opposite corners as seen also in autozooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3A444D890FFF032C36FF76" box="[775,864,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1690,1714]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-266@12.[158,1429,705,1667]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A, B. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734a. A. General view of the colony. B. Close-up of a zooid with paired avicularia, one small and triangular, the other one giant and spathulate. C. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734b, general view of the colony with zooids having single avicularium. D. Paralectotype SMNH-Type-8734c, group of zooids, some with paired distolateral, oral spine bases (arrowed) and a kenozooid (asterisk). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B = 200 µm; D = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424518/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
asterisk), seemingly space-fillers owing to colony reparation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3A444D8ACFFEBB2A76FEBE" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,285]" box="[199,1312,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Intramural budding observed in autozooids, visible as a series of concentric orificial rims (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A3A444D8EB4FEBB2A45FEBE" box="[1212,1299,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF54B5BC2A3A444D8A9FF8BE2CBFF870" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" startId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" targetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A3A444D8A9FF8BE2CBFF870" blockId="13.[151,1437,1798,2003]" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3A444D8A9FF8BE2E42F8BC" bold="true" box="[151,276,1798,1823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A3A444D8B14F8BF2D06F8BC" authority="Silen, 1947" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[284,592,1799,1823]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cleidochasmatidae" genus="Fedorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A3A444D8B14F8BF2E84F8BD" box="[284,466,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">Fedorella minima</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A3A444D8BD1F8BF2D06F8BC" author="Silen, L." box="[473,592,1799,1823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331B6BF2A39444E8ACFFF2F2C21FC9A" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A39444E8ACFFF2F2C24FE56" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A39444E8ACFFF2F2E6DFF12" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
There is a discrepancy in the number of colonies and related depth ranges between the material currently available in the SMNH collection and the batches of specimens mentioned in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A39444E8E6CFF032BA4FF76" author="Silen, L." box="[1124,1266,187,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Silén listed
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2D2EBD2A39444E8F88FF032E5AFF5A" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">21 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A39444E8B59FF662E87FF5A" box="[337,465,222,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.625" metricValueMax="3.75" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="262.5" valueMax="375.0" valueMin="150.0">150–375 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, 11 from
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A39444E888DFF662C52FF5A" box="[645,772,222,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="375.0" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="300.0">300–450 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, and two from
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A39444E89FFFF662B21FF5A" box="[1015,1143,222,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="525.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="450.0">450–600 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, while the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A39444E8F32FF672ACAFF5A" box="[1338,1436,223,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
studied here include 13 colonies reported from a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A39444E8921FEBA2CFCFEBE" box="[809,938,258,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.56" metricValueMax="5.46" metricValueMin="3.66" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="456.0" valueMax="546.0" valueMin="366.0">366–546 m</quantity>
|
||
, and eight colonies collected at
|
||
<quantity id="4CD348D12A39444E8F1EFEBA2ACEFEBE" box="[1302,1432,258,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.185" metricValueMax="4.55" metricValueMin="1.8199999999999998" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="318.5" valueMax="455.0" valueMin="182.0">
|
||
182–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2D2EBD2A39444E8F45FEBA2ACEFEBE" box="[1357,1432,258,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">455 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Another discrepancy is related to the year of collection, which is reported as 1861 by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A39444E8E52FE9F2BB3FEE2" author="Silen, L." box="[1114,1253,295,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but 1869 on the specimen labels. The colony figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A39444E8851FEF32D89FEC6" author="Silen, L." box="[601,735,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 4, fig. 24) in addition of not being identifiable among the specimens available, also lacked both the large spatulate avicularia and ovicells, which were instead described and drawn in his text-figs 47 and 48, making it, even if identifiable, not the ideal candidate as the type specimen. Based on the above-mentioned reasons, a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54905B962A39444E883AFE0F2DCFFE72" box="[562,665,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(SMNH-128088a) is here designated, based on the best preserved colony, as well as the most complete character-wise (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1310F9B12A39444E88E2FE632C33FE56" box="[746,869,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-64@13.[150,1436,309,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fedorella minima Silén, 1947, Anguilla. A–C. Lectotype (designated here) SMNH-128088a. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of zooids, showing avicularian variability, the shape of the orifice and opercula. C. Close-up of a zooid with paired giant avicularia and lateral view of an ovicell. D. Paralectotype SMNH-128088b, group of ovicellate zooids showing the triangular opening of the ooecium. E, F. Paralectotype SMNH-128088c. E. Close-up of two zooids with only one or completely lacking avicularia; the orifice of the zooid on the left shows signs of repetitive intramural budding. F. Close up of an orifice with closure plate. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B, D = 300 µm; C, E = 200 µm; F = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6424522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6424522/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Fig. 7A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A39444E8ACFFE472E6BFD6E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">
|
||
In the original description,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A39444E8BF0FE472DD5FDBA" author="Silen, L." box="[504,643,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered each colony as an internode and speculated that the colony itself was made of several internodes connected by tubes. There are neither direct observations nor morphological characters supporting this hypothesis. The original record is the only one available for this species and the genus is also monospecific. However, based on observations of other genera with similar colony-form (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A39444E8F22FDD32A2AFD26" authorityName="Jullien" authorityYear="1882" box="[1322,1404,619,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Ascosiidae" genus="Fedora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A39444E8F22FDD32A2AFD26" box="[1322,1404,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Fedora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A39444E8A9FFD372E40FD09" box="[151,278,655,682]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Ascosiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Ascosiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), it seems more likely that each colony was independent and rooted to the substrate by rhizooids or a chitinous tube.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94E5342A39444E8ACFFD6F2C21FC9A" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A39444E8ACFFD6F2E9AFD51" author="Cook, P. L. & Lagaaij, R." box="[199,460,727,754]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" pagination="317 - 376" refId="ref12589" refString="Cook, P. L. & Lagaaij, R. (1976) Some Tertiary and Recent conescharelliniform Bryozoa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 29, 317 - 376." type="journal article" year="1976">Cook & Lagaaij (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B9EB72A39444E881FFD6F2DD2FD52" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[535,644,727,753]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cleidochasmatidae" genus="Fedorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F39262A39444E881FFD6F2DD2FD52" box="[535,644,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Fedorella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among conescharelliniform genera, i.e. colonies with frontally budded zooids with reversed orientations.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A39444E8816FD432C1CFCB6" author="Gordon, D. P. & d'Hondt, J. - L." box="[542,842,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" pagination="9 - 124" refId="ref13190" refString="Gordon, D. P. & d'Hondt, J. - L. (1997) Bryozoa: Lepraliomorpha and other Ascophorina from New Caledonian waters. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, 18 (176), 9 - 124." type="journal article" year="1997">Gordon & d’Hondt (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
rejected this statement based on the description and illustrations already provided in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA98C52A39444E880BFCA72DD8FC9A" author="Silen, L." box="[515,654,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref15058" refString="Silen, L. (1947) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and confirmed here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |