243 lines
21 KiB
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243 lines
21 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-209-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2B9DFC7609F65C33A95B0065D5A5DBE2" ModsDocID="1314-2003-209-1" checkinTime="1663958886913" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2022" docId="A7BB03D5D7DF5352A0A4C16D7B3A5648" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 209: 1-134" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 209" docPubDate="2022-09-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681" docTitle="Lycianthes dendropilosa (Symon) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2B9DFC7609F65C33A95B0065D5A5DBE2" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2B9DFC7609F65C33A95B0065D5A5DBE2" masterDocTitle="A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in Australia, New Guinea, and the Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1663958886913" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in Australia, New Guinea, and the Pacific</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-09-23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>209</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>134</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-209-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2B9DFC7609F65C33A95B0065D5A5DBE2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A7BB03D5D7DF5352A0A4C16D7B3A5648" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A7BB03D5D7DF5352A0A4C16D7B3A5648" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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6.
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<taxonomicName LSID="A7BB03D5-D7DF-5352-A0A4-C16D7B3A5648" authority="(Symon) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." authorityName="(Symon) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">Lycianthes dendropilosa (Symon) A.R.Bean, Austrobaileya 6(3): 567. 2003.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Lycianthes dendropilosa (Symon) A. R. Bean. Drawing by M. L. Szent-Ivany, first published in Symon (1985: fig. 11, as S. dendropilosum Symon). Courtesy of the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium (Adelaide, South Australia), reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746668" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 19</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Lycianthes dendropilosa herbarium specimen. Papua New Guinea. Western Highlands: Hoogland & Schodde 7291 (isotype of S. dendropilosum, BM 000886135). Courtesy of the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746669" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 20</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum dendropilosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosum">Solanum dendropilosum</taxonomicName>
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Symon, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 8: 44. 1985. Type. Papua New Guinea. Western Highlands: Laiagam, Lagaip valley, near Kepilam village, 2,439 m, 2 Aug 1960,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.D. Hoogland & R. Schodde 7291</emphasis>
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(holotype: CANB [CANB83729]; isotypes: A [00395063], BM [BM000886135], BRI [BRI-AQ0080425], G [G00343297], L [L0003631], LAE [acc. # 39126], US [00479494, acc. # 2411884]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum dendropilosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum dendropilosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Symon.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746668" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Symon) A.R.Bean. Drawing by M.L. Szent-Ivany, first published in
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<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B89" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 11, as
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<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. dendropilosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dendropilosum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. dendropilosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Symon). Courtesy of the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium (Adelaide,
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<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
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), reproduced with permission.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Straggling shrubs or root climbers, 1-1.5 m tall; stems terete, densely glandular-papillate and densely pubescent with uniseriate dendritic trichomes to 0.75 mm long, the branches short and congested (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“tannenbaumartig”">"tannenbaumartig"</normalizedToken>
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sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Seithe, A" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="261 - 336" refId="B77" refString="Seithe, A, 1962. Die Haararten der Gattung Solanum L. und ihre taxonomische Verwertung. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 81: 261 - 336" title="Die Haararten der Gattung Solanum L. und ihre taxonomische Verwertung." volume="81" year="1962">Seithe 1962</bibRefCitation>
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), these drying yellowish tan; new growth densely papillate and pubescent like the stems, the trichomes tangled and interwoven; bark of older stems pale brown, becoming somewhat corky and glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaves of a pair differing in size and shape. Leaves simple; blades of major leaves 2.5-4 (8) cm long, 1-2.5 cm wide, elliptic to narrowly elliptic (lanceolate in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Symon & Katik 10691</emphasis>
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), widest in the middle, discolorous, coriaceous or membranous (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Symon & Katik 10691</emphasis>
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); adaxial surfaces shiny, sparsely and unevenly pubescent with dendritic trichomes with congested branches like those of the stems, these denser along the midrib and principal veins; abaxial surfaces densely dendritic pubescent (lamina barely visible in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoogland & Schoode 7291</emphasis>
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), yellowish tan; principal veins 4-6 pairs, densely pubescent, the midrib keeled adaxially; base acute; margins entire, strongly revolute in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoogland & Schoode 7291</emphasis>
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; apex acute or more often acuminate; petiole 0.4-0.6 cm long, densely dendritic-pubescent like the stems; blades of minor leaves 0.6-0.7 cm long, 0.6-0.7 cm wide, orbicular or heart-shaped, similar in texture and pubescence to the major leaves; base cordate or rounded; margins entire or revolute; apex rounded; petiole absent or less than 0.1 cm long, densely dendritic-pubescent. Inflorescences axillary fascicles of 1-3 flowers, only one open at a time, densely dendritic-pubescent; pedicels at anthesis 1-1.2 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, erect or spreading, densely pubescent with golden dendritic trichomes with congested branches like those of the stems and leaves, articulated at the base; pedicel scars tightly packed in the leaf axils, Buds long-ellipsoid, the corolla strongly exserted from the calyx tube before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, probably heterostylous and unisexual, no styles seen in the only flowering specimen seen (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoogland & Schoode 7291</emphasis>
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), the plants possibly dioecious. Calyx tube ca. 3 mm long, 3-3.5 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, densely golden dendritic-pubescent with trichomes like those of the pedicels, thick and coriaceous (fleshy in live plants?), without appendages, the rim slightly thickened. Corolla 1.5-2 cm in diameter, purple (mauve), deeply stellate, lobed nearly to the base, interpetalar tissue absent, the lobes 6-9 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, spreading, thick and fleshy, adaxially glabrous, abaxially moderately pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes 0.25-0.5 mm long, if these branched then merely forked, the branches not congested, the tips and margins densely papillate, the tips cucullate. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments 1-1.5 mm long, glabrous; anthers 5-7 mm long, 1-1.2 mm wide, long-ellipsoid and tapered at the tips, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores distally directed, not elongating with age. Ovary not seen. Fruit and seeds not known. Chromosome number not known.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746669" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 20" startId="F20">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 20.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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herbarium specimen. Papua New Guinea. Western Highlands:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoogland & Schodde 7291</emphasis>
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(isotype of
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<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. dendropilosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dendropilosum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. dendropilosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, BM000886135). Courtesy of the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, reproduced with permission.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Distribution of Lycianthes dendropilosa." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746670" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is endemic to New Guinea; it has only been collected in Papua New Guinea (Southern Highlands, Western).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746670" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 21.</emphasis>
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Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been collected in open areas near villages (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Symon & Katik 10691</emphasis>
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from "near old garden site"), from 2,400 to 2,700 m elevation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Hunziker, AT" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B38" refString="2020. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2020">IUCN 2020</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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EOO (0 km2 - CR); AOO (8 km2 - CR).
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known from only two localities and has been very rarely collected. It could be assessed as Data Deficient (DD), but given the threats to New Guinea forests more broadly I suggest it warrants assessment as Critically Endangered (CR [B1,2a,b(iii,iv)]); more collecting and a better understanding of its distribution are priorities.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a distinctive species with small leaves, branched trichomes with densely congested branches, and 1-3 flowers per leaf axil. It shares trichome type with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but that species is a coarse herb rather than a straggling shrub, has many flowers on a short inflorescence axis rather than 1-3 flowers per axil, and smaller flowers with copious interpetalar tissue (1-1.2 cm in diameter with interpetalar tissue in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. bitteriana" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bitteriana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. bitteriana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 1.5-2 cm in diameter without interpetalar tissue in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Fruits of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. dendropilosa" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dendropilosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dendropilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are not yet known. Other than the type, that has thick, coriaceous leaves with somewhat revolute margins, the only other specimen I have seen that is attributable to this species (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Symon & Katik 10691</emphasis>
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) is sterile; the leaves on this specimen are much thinner in texture and more elongate, indicating this may represent a juvenile pre-flowering individual.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1977-06-24" collectorName="Symon, Katik" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="2000" location="Mendi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Southern Highlands">
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<collectingCountry name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Southern Highlands">Southern Highlands</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<locationDeviation firstLocation="Nol" secondLocation="Mendi">between Nol and Mendi</locationDeviation>
|
|
,
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
|
|
from
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A7BB03D5D7DF5352A0A4C16D7B3A5648:D9F0A59E7D16BED4040808F918A17518" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Mendi" stateProvince="Southern Highlands">Mendi</location>
|
|
, just after crest ["and o"],
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2,000 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1977-06-24">24 Jun 1977</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<collectorName>Symon</collectorName>
|
|
&
|
|
<collectorName>Katik</collectorName>
|
|
10691
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(L, LAE)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |