102 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
102 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3789244" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750164" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3789244" approvalRequired="5103" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="74" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="5027" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1587982132140" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert" docDate="2010" docId="03B2F2569FEEA4E4E6A7FE34FC1CABA6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2163.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 38 (38)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@2c1f1b55" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Geometridae" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="195" masterDocId="FF8B8A2E9F2CA426E62BFFD7FFC6AF1B" masterDocTitle="An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" updateTime="1643558428782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pohl, Greg</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Northern Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Edmonton ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Anweiler, Gary</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Alberta Strickland Entomology Museum ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kondla, Norbert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Calgary ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-03-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>549</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.38.383</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576629</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3789244" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750164" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3789244" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2F2569FEEA4E4E6A7FE34FC1CABA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2F2569FEEA4E4E6A7FE34FC1CABA6" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<paragraph blockId="194.[140,1108,483,1214]" box="[140,704,483,510]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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<heading box="[140,704,483,510]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,704,483,510]" italics="true" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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55.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[184,352,483,510]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
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– inchworm moths; loopers
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="194" pageNumber="195" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="194.[140,1108,483,1214]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195">
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Primarily medium-sized (but ranging from
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wingspan) moths with relatively slender bodies and broad, butterfly-like wings. The group is united by the unique structure of the abdominal tympanal organs and by the form of the larvae, which have only two pairs of abdominal prolegs, with the exception of a few species that lack this character. Th e moths in this family are commonly called loopers or inchworms for their larval crawling habit. Although some adults are brightly or boldly colored, most exhibit subtle patterns with browns and grays, often cryptically colored to match bark or leaves. Many geometrids rest with the fore- and hindwing to the side and appressed to the resting surface, exhibiting a continuation of pattern and color between fore- and hindwings. The larvae of most species feed on trees and shrubs, both deciduous and coniferous. Given their diversity, abundance, degree of host specialization, and broad distribution, members of the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[209,352,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
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represent a significant component of most forest insect communities. The family
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[316,463,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
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is one of the three largest lepidopteran families, encompassing about 21 000 described species, primarily in the tropics. About 1400 species of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[140,287,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
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occur in North America, 293 of which are reported from AB. Relationships at the subfamily level have been reassessed recently;
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<bibRefCitation author="Young CJ" box="[802,960,1047,1074]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 147" refId="ref270501" refString="Young CJ (2006) Molecular relationships of the Australian Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and implications for the phylogeny of the Geometridae from molecular data. Zootaxa 1264: 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2006">Young (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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showed that the subfamily
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[305,432,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Larentiinae">Larentiinae</taxonomicName>
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is almost certainly basal within the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[854,1001,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
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and that
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[140,272,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ennominae">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
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as currently defined is not monophyletic (see also
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<bibRefCitation author="Abraham D & Ryrrholm N & Wittzell H & Hollway JD & Scoble MJ & Lofstedt C" box="[855,1095,1117,1144]" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" pagination="65 - 77" refId="ref235267" refString="Abraham D, Ryrrholm N, Wittzell H, Hollway JD, Scoble MJ, Lofstedt C (2001) Molecular phylogeny of the superfamilies in Geometridae (Geometroidea: Lepidoptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20: 65 - 77." type="journal article" year="2001">Abraham et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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). The subfamily
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1892" box="[306,421,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sterrhinae">Sterrhinae</taxonomicName>
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is placed as the second-most basal group. Th e order in which the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[183,330,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="194" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
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subfamilies are presented here follows these new findings.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |