253 lines
29 KiB
XML
253 lines
29 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A3DD7C8B72CF7C5F48DB23A698EF36F8">Phylogeny of dwarf geckos of the genus Lygodactylus (Gekkonidae) in the Western Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0DD0399C897111720560F9884A998688">Röll, Beate</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="992261772415B6B36FD79771EAF1001E">Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FFFC19C49B175407D4D72C570CB03B8C">Sanchez, Mickaël</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="26E859D4A764D06687C6FAB793A5424C">Nature Océan Indien, 46 rue des Mascarins, 97429 Petite Ile, La Réunion, France; & Laboratoire PVBMT, Université de La Réunion, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="00CDA3D7895734C8EDB89B88532DD94C">Gippner, Sven</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7063AF966B2133FB6693F5088484390F">Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; s. gippner @ tu-braunschweig. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2621 - 1001</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="75015D2F0CF58D29F4CEEE2C30D5FD1B" type="email">s.gippner@tu-braunschweig.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8BEF809526B40021531AF4DD50C55785">Bauer, Aaron M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F7EF491E132F4FE93B4913C48290699">Department of Biology and Center for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Stewardship, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B7F6722B25BD2E7EBCA444D08B190913">Travers, Scott L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5AE4124B801829599D3EE0B7FAB14EEF">Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University-Newark, 195 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; scott. travers @ rutgers. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4656 - 4613</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="29FB7E4B210303737A24FFAF4E2645E0" type="email">scott.travers@rutgers.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="71FECF59F246395414351F7D04F8DEA8">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9D7672BFA7A297A5337469F2B38F596A">Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstrasse 21, 81247 München, Germany;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="68B8D49F915374FB5652AF9C697B5919">Hawlitschek, Oliver</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D1F8289EBF4703AD9F44F68236BD247D">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D333763E7F6F71DD749B43985E0E0F30">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A2DFDF023344F0380ACD569FB178146">Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; s. gippner @ tu-braunschweig. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2621 - 1001</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="260194B961FF319B3365B437D23B39AA" type="email">s.gippner@tu-braunschweig.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C2411042F396659CD36315512E33D547">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="753003E6483AB296F5AF20D793FC76E7">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="82B4F5B2CCC0491E627EB056B55C7A9F">2023-06-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F150B2E04EB6354846D114F6FD166C0A">5311</mods:number>
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4.3.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF545E56227B29B050A8CF916" box="[203,510,1662,1689]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="245" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
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<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF545E56227B29B050A8CF916" bold="true" box="[203,510,1662,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">Lygodactylus verticillatus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA4368DF545E56227EE9BBC0BA9F8FE" blockId="13.[151,1437,1735,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF545E56227EE9BBC0AC4F96E" box="[151,438,1735,1761]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="245" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
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<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF545E56227EE9BBC0AC4F96E" box="[151,438,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">Lygodactylus verticillatus</emphasis>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF545E562268F9BBC090FF96E" box="[502,637,1735,1761]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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and from Europa Island do not differ in scalation (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF545E56223E79BBC0E32F96E" author="Boettger, O." box="[1182,1344,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="245" pagination="1903 - 1905" refId="ref11932" refString="Boettger, O. (1913) Reptilien und Amphibien von Madagascar, den Inseln und dem Festland Ostfarikas. In: Voeltzkow, A. (Ed.), Reise in Ostafrika in den Jahren 1903 - 1905. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse. Vol. 3. Systematische Arbeiten. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Nagele und Sprosser, Stuttgart, pp. 269 - 375." type="book chapter" year="1913">Boettger 1913</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF545E56222339BBC0BA1F88A" author="Pasteur, G." pageId="13" pageNumber="245" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref14163" refString="Pasteur, G. (1965) Recherches sur l'evolution des lygodactyles, lezards afromalgaches actuels. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien, Serie Zoologie, 29, 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1965">Pasteur 1965</bibRefCitation>
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). The slight difference in the number of precloacal pores mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF545E56224879B900FD1F88A" author="Pasteur, G." box="[1022,1187,1770,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="245" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref14163" refString="Pasteur, G. (1965) Recherches sur l'evolution des lygodactyles, lezards afromalgaches actuels. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien, Serie Zoologie, 29, 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1965">Pasteur (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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was not supported by this study. Both populations show a very similar variation in coloration and in patterning. Thus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF545E562238F9A740EEEF8A6" box="[1270,1436,1807,1833]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="245" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
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<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF545E562238F9A740EEEF8A6" box="[1270,1436,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">L. verticillatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF545E56227AC9A480A2EF8C2" box="[213,348,1843,1869]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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and Europa cannot be distinguished by their external appearance or by the number of precloacal pores.
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</paragraph>
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The most basal node within
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF545E56226879A0009D3F81A" box="[510,673,1915,1941]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="245" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
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<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF545E56226879A0009D3F81A" box="[510,673,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">L. verticillatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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separates specimens from the southern Malagasy localities Sakaraha and Isalo from all other samples. Sakaraha lies approximately
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from
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<collectingRegion id="49DFF86FF545E56224859AE40F39F836" box="[1020,1099,1951,1977]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="13" pageNumber="245">Toliara</collectingRegion>
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on the main road to the Isalo National Park. The remaining sister subgroup consists of specimens exclusively from the coastal regions of
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<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E56127EE9DEC0A52FF3E" box="[151,288,151,177]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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, approximately from Morondava southwards to
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<collectingRegion id="49DFF86FF546E56124429DEC08FFFF3E" box="[827,909,151,177]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Toliara</collectingRegion>
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, and the insular population. We cannot exclude an inland origin of the
|
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<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56126D29DC00920FF5A" box="[427,594,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">L. verticillatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Europa Island. However, based on our morphological and genetic dataset, it seems more likely that the nearest relatives of the insular
|
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<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56124079DA40F52FF76" box="[894,1056,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">L. verticillatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are conspecifics from populations in the coastal regions of south-western
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<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E56125379C7809A5FE92" box="[590,727,259,285]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA4368DF546E56127BE9C5C0FDAFE06" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">
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We found no relevant morphological differences, and only weak genetic differences between the Malagasy and the insular population, and only weak genetic variation within the monophyletic lineage of Europa Island. This agrees with the hypothesis of a relatively recent colonization as suggested by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56124849C140FD6FE06" author="Pasteur, G." box="[1021,1188,366,393]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref14163" refString="Pasteur, G. (1965) Recherches sur l'evolution des lygodactyles, lezards afromalgaches actuels. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien, Serie Zoologie, 29, 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1965">Pasteur (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA4368DF546E56127BE9CE808C8FBBA" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">
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Europa Island is
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|
||
west-northwest from Toliara or
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B68F546E561242D9CE808D9FE22" box="[852,939,403,429]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" unit="km" value="300.0">300 km</quantity>
|
||
southwest from Cap
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E56123D89CE80E49FE22" box="[1185,1339,403,429]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Saint-Vincent</collectingCountry>
|
||
close to Morombe,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B68F546E561266B9CCD0A14FE5E" box="[274,358,438,465]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.29" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" unit="km" value="529.0">529 km</quantity>
|
||
east-northeast from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DFF86FF546E56125309CCC09B7FE5E" box="[585,709,439,465]" country="Mozambique" name="Inhambane" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Inhambane</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E56125AA9CCC0818FE5E" box="[723,874,439,465]" name="Mozambique" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B68F546E56123349CCC0FD3FE5E" box="[1101,1185,439,465]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" unit="km" value="600.0">600 km</quantity>
|
||
south of Juan de Nova (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56127E69CA00A4EFE7A" author="Caceres, S." box="[159,316,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" refId="ref12274" refString="Caceres, S. (2003) Etude prealable pour le classement en Reserve Naturelle des Iles Eparses. Memoire de DESS Sciences et Gestion de l'Environnement Tropical. Univ. Reunion (Laboratoire ECOMAR) & DIREN Reunion, 136 pp. Available from: http: // poupin. joseph. free. fr / pdf / caceres- 2003 - iles-eparses-classement. pdf (accessed 13 June 2023)" type="book" year="2003">Caceres 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56126309CA00964FE7A" author="Fricke, R. & Durville, P. & Bernardi, G. & Borsa, P. & Mou-Tham, G. & Chabanet, P." box="[329,534,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="247 - 276" refId="ref12612" refString="Fricke, R., Durville, P., Bernardi, G., Borsa, P., Mou-Tham, G. & Chabanet, P. (2013) Checklist of the shore fishes of Europa Island, Mozambique Channel, southwestern Indian Ocean, including 302 new records. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, A, Neue Serie, 6, 247 - 276." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Fricke
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56126E19CA00AA0FE7A" box="[408,466,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is nearly circular (6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B68F546E56124399CA0080EFE7A" box="[832,892,475,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
) with a total area of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B68F546E56123109CA00FC3FE7A" box="[1129,1201,475,501]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C6E9BC5F546E56123C99CA10FCAFE67" attach="left" box="[1200,1208,474,488]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">2</superScript>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56123B19CA00E17FE7A" author="Caceres, S." box="[1224,1381,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" refId="ref12274" refString="Caceres, S. (2003) Etude prealable pour le classement en Reserve Naturelle des Iles Eparses. Memoire de DESS Sciences et Gestion de l'Environnement Tropical. Univ. Reunion (Laboratoire ECOMAR) & DIREN Reunion, 136 pp. Available from: http: // poupin. joseph. free. fr / pdf / caceres- 2003 - iles-eparses-classement. pdf (accessed 13 June 2023)" type="book" year="2003">Caceres 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and represents the largest island of the Îles Éparses. Europa Island belongs to the group of ‘modern’ isolated seamounts in the Channel, possibly developed during Oligocene to Miocene times (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56124899F580F83FDB2" author="Courgeon, S. & Jorry, S. J. & Camoin, G. F. & BouDagher-Fadel, M. K. & Jouet, G. & Revillon, S. & Bachelery, P. & Pelleter, E. & Borgomano, J. & Poli, E. & Droxler, A. W." box="[1008,1265,547,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="90 - 105" refId="ref12401" refString="Courgeon, S., Jorry, S. J., Camoin, G. F., BouDagher-Fadel, M. K., Jouet, G., Revillon, S., Bachelery, P., Pelleter, E., Borgomano, J., Poli, E. & Droxler, A. W., (2016) Growth and demise of Cenozoic isolated carbonate platforms: New insights from the Mozambique Channel seamounts (SW Indian Ocean). Marine Geology, 380, 90 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. margeo. 2016.07.006" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Courgeon
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56123159F580FD3FDB2" box="[1132,1185,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF546E56122719F580A6FFDEE" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56122719F580A6FFDEE" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Lygodactylus verticillatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could have reached Europa Island recently by natural transoceanic dispersal or by human-mediated dispersal. While a natural dispersal would be supported by flows westward from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E561234E9F100FCCFD0A" box="[1079,1214,619,645]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
to mainland Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56127E69FF40A04FD26" author="Ali, J. R. & Huber, M." box="[159,374,655,681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="653 - 656" refId="ref11490" refString="Ali, J. R. & Huber, M. (2010) Mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar controlled by ocean currents. Nature, 463, 653 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / nature 08706" type="journal article" year="2010">Ali & Huber 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a much simpler and thus more parsimonious alternative explanation is ship-borne dispersal.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF546E56127EE9FC80AC8FD42" box="[151,442,691,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56127EE9FC80AC8FD42" box="[151,442,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Lygodactylus verticillatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could have arrived at Europa Island e.g., with ships of Malagasy fishermen seasonally searching for nesting chelonians, or with ships of European (French) settlers who started their settlement from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DFF86FF546E56127EE9F800B94FC9A" box="[151,230,763,789]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Toliara</collectingRegion>
|
||
and lived on the island from approximately 1860 to the 1920s (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56124C39F800FF8FC9A" author="Fricke, R. & Durville, P. & Bernardi, G. & Borsa, P. & Mou-Tham, G. & Chabanet, P." box="[954,1162,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="247 - 276" refId="ref12612" refString="Fricke, R., Durville, P., Bernardi, G., Borsa, P., Mou-Tham, G. & Chabanet, P. (2013) Checklist of the shore fishes of Europa Island, Mozambique Channel, southwestern Indian Ocean, including 302 new records. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, A, Neue Serie, 6, 247 - 276." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Fricke
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56123759F800F37FC9A" box="[1036,1093,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The amount of genetic variation found within Europa (three haplotypes differing by up to two mutations in 16S) would be in agreement with either (i) ship-borne dispersal or (ii) natural dispersal of multiple individuals, or (iii) natural dispersal of a single individual at a somewhat deeper point in time, with subsequent in-situ genetic diversification. Support for either of these hypotheses could come from a denser sampling of Malagasy populations: the presence of haplotypes identical to those on Europa in Malagasy populations would allow to reject the third hypothesis, and given that simultaneous or repeated natural dispersal to such a small islet is rather unlikely, ship-borne introduction would in this case remain as the most probable hypothesis. Only if the presence of the Europa haplotypes in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E561226C9E8C0EEEFB9E" box="[1301,1436,1015,1041]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
could be reasonably excluded, the third hypothesis would be supported.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4368DF546E56127BE99440AFDFA82" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF546E56127BE99440A9FFBD6" box="[199,493,1087,1113]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56127BE99440A9FFBD6" box="[199,493,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Lygodactylus verticillatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is adapted to dry climatic conditions. In south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E56123FC99440E7CFBD6" box="[1157,1294,1087,1113]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the species inhabits shrubs and trees in semi-arid areas as well as fences and walls in human settlements (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56123C499180EE3FBF2" author="Puente, M. & Glaw, F. & Vieites, D. R. & Vences, M." box="[1213,1425,1123,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref14341" refString="Puente, M., Glaw, F., Vieites, D. R. & Vences, M. (2009) Review of the systematics, morphology and distribution of Malagasy dwarf geckos, genera Lygodactylus and Microscalabotes (Squamata: Gekkonidae). Zootaxa, 2103, 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2103.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Puente
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E561226A99180E3EFBF2" box="[1299,1356,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). On Europa Island, it is widely distributed and occurs in most natural habitats on rocks, shrubs, trees and in a dry euphorbia forest as well as in human settlements (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E56125B599D00816FB4A" author="Brygoo, E. R." box="[716,868,1195,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="29 - 32" refId="ref12237" refString="Brygoo, E. R. (1966) Note sur les reptiles terrestres recoltes a Europa en avril 1964. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Serie A, 41, 29 - 32." type="journal article" year="1966">Brygoo 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B7CF546E561240899D00F20FB4A" author="Sanchez, M. & Probst, J. - M." box="[881,1106,1194,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" pagination="63 - 76" refId="ref15007" refString="Sanchez, M. & Probst, J. - M. (2015) L'herpetofaune terrestre de l'ile d'Europa (Ocean Indien, Canal du Mozambique): synthese des connaissances et nouvelles donnees sur la repartition de l'ecologie des especes en vue de leur conservation. Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France, 145, 63 - 76." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Sanchez
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56124AF99D00F7DFB4A" box="[982,1039,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2019). The conditions for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D0EF546E56122FF99D00A6FFB66" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Lygodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="246" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verticillatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEA9FF546E56122FF99D00A6FFB66" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">L. verticillatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the coastal regions of south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C761DF546E561259799B40807FB66" box="[750,885,1231,1257]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="246">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
and on Europa are very similar, facilitating the survival on the island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |