plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/46/4C/87/464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5.xml
maintenance be34989990 added 46
2024-06-21 12:35:10 +02:00

500 lines
63 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="03C60EA9B4D2AC0E670340FC378CDBAC" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162357" ID-ZooBank="88714F9C-0EE5-4295-9988-3CEEF242489D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1689748270342" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Turner, Thomas L. &amp; Lonhart, Steve I." docDate="2023" docId="464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5318.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5318 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Obruta collector Turner &amp; Lonhart 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="188" masterDocId="BA75FFFC427EFFD4FF8AFFECFFD1FD64" masterDocTitle="The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area" masterLastPageNumber="194" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="185" updateTime="1689857435405" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="EC883F39956580EF826923BB3668DFCD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="ADF8B2B97EAF37187A206AAAD791237B">
<mods:title id="7016183529E98283E0283E86B12122CF">The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="575BED9CB4320AC143F560FB10696BA4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9AD63B09124C31C7C46055800E2CC784">
<mods:roleTerm id="956DB026B90A3DE0F67DAAD5B46851B8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A414388CB23C246B269945A13A127301">Turner, Thomas L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7117F50373555B1B2C0F563683A391BC">Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="67EEA1BB783A59A7981E21BC587C8D8A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="503893EEBA01021F3EECCD50E69C2DCC">
<mods:roleTerm id="79D7A3829694FA56F95CE7C03F1D828C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7743878DA36D1D15056485086F72D796">Lonhart, Steve I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1E9166EB32F38E0A9A075CABBC6D41E6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5559-792X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6CCEA02F0924A7A01B2C82954D69FFA9">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, National Ocean Service, NOAA, Santa Cruz, California, USA. steve. lonhart @ noaa. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5559 - 792 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F29516ADD986EE35D8E4001B473DDB74" type="email">steve.lonhart@noaa.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A418A46BADAD70626CE7C945EFC38379">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="41F4AB2240B1804598504882F41A4DD3" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="138520B0B16B7DFCFAE6016254F13330">
<mods:title id="56A9DDA0AA5F7FCD1C789904CD85E17A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9C0866A74394009D081AE944C315A842">
<mods:date id="4263E4366FDD61B62846A1F0EC01A90B">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="66847D89BC39F90B2A396179E6D725C1" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E8BED6CD855599676E001CE8EAF5FFEC">2023-07-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9C26044C8C65FE39F01A252195947B7A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4EF3DEAD01CC48FCA89D15A3975D2023">5318</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1EA946BFB14FCA5913427F60AFD824D0" type="issue">
<mods:number id="75FB9165F8C8A581F2CD3057F5572877">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="2595068397A0787669A78EFFE1341C63" unit="page">
<mods:start id="4427181B3277182630B59EC8F97C2BD6">151</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E572B8EA9BCA9B940CA8E9273A631D74">194</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="432A043A8F796584A162B4FB931622F9">
<mods:url id="A5EB3ABB947C98506A32AC49E2C84C0F">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="379AF28A253563E1ECE94E8CE41DD957">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EBEA3AD6141DEA03352554265E387CFB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D6E35DA65FC40974444375A6C41A2E51" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9CA1DCC44E643C7269E0DFF72421966D" type="Zenodo-Dep">8162357</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="20AC40D9B675DBB267D5FCA2EAC943A8" type="ZooBank">88714F9C-0EE5-4295-9988-3CEEF242489D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<subSubSection id="86FF6519425CFFF6FF1DFB1EFE13F869" box="[151,450,1266,1293]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425CFFF6FF1DFB1EFE13F869" blockId="34.[151,450,1266,1329]" box="[151,450,1266,1293]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<heading id="951281FE425CFFF6FF1DFB1EFE13F869" bold="true" box="[151,450,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425CFFF6FF1DFB1EFE13F869" bold="true" box="[151,450,1266,1293]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425CFFF6FF1DFB1EFE8CF869" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,349,1266,1293]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425CFFF6FF1DFB1EFE8CF869" bold="true" box="[151,349,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Obruta collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425CFFF6FEEFFB1FFE13F869" box="[357,450,1267,1293]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF6519425CFFF6FF1DFAFBFE9FF855" box="[151,334,1303,1329]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425CFFF6FF1DFAFBFE9FF855" blockId="34.[151,450,1266,1329]" box="[151,334,1303,1329]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<figureCitation id="56DE2A17425CFFF6FF1DFAFBFEDFF855" box="[151,270,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,780,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-271@35.[151,1436,777,1857]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 23. Maximum likelihood phylogenies for the Bubarida. A: 28S locus, B: cox1 locus. Green clade designated the putative Bubarida; the orders and families currently housing each taxon is also shown. Genbank accession numbers are shown; bold indicates new sequences; asterisks designate type species. Node confidence is based on bootstrapping. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Colors indicate clades containing new taxa, as referenced in the text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162427/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Figures 23</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="56DE2A17425CFFF6FEB8FAFBFE9FF855" box="[306,334,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1145]" captionTargetId="figure-33@36.[151,1436,181,1145]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 24. Obruta collector. Field photos of IZC00048463 (A) and holotype (B). Leucilla nuttingi sample IZC00048456 visible as small calcareous growths on O. collector in A. C: cross-section at surface of sponge, from holotype. D: Cross-section at base of sponge, from TLT522. E: style from SBMNH700907. F:Anisoxea from SBMNH700907. G: oxea from IZC00048464. H–J: sinuous oxeas. H,I from holotype, J from SBMNH700924." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162431/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">24</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF6519425CFFF6FF1DFAB2FCB4FB11" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425CFFF6FF1DFAB2FCB4FB11" blockId="34.[151,1437,1374,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425CFFF6FF1DFAB2FE53F81C" bold="true" box="[151,386,1374,1400]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FE01FAB3FEB3F8F9" collectionCode="CASIZ, IZC" collectorName="La Jolla Cove &amp; San Diego" elevation="13" latitude="32.85227" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-117.27239" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="CASIZ236660, IZC00048466" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="115E8830425CFFF6FE01FAB3FE29F81D" box="[395,504,1375,1401]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FD89FAB3FD78F81D" box="[515,681,1375,1401]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">CASIZ236660</specimenCode>
/
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FD3BFAB3FC80F81D" box="[689,849,1375,1401]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">IZC00048466</specimenCode>
,
<collectorName id="63105344425CFFF6FCD7FAB3FC2FF81D" box="[861,1022,1375,1401]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">La Jolla Cove</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="63105344425CFFF6FB81FAB3FB53F81D" box="[1035,1154,1375,1401]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">San Diego</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FB18FAB2FB2EF81D" box="[1170,1279,1374,1401]" degrees="32.85227" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="32.85227">32.85227</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FA87FAB3FA41F81D" box="[1293,1424,1375,1401]" degrees="117.27239" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-117.27239">-117.27239</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FF1DFA6FFF2CF8F9" box="[151,253,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="13.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="10.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FF1DFA6FFF2CF8F9" box="[151,253,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="13.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="10.0">10–16 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 8/14/20
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FEE7FA6FFB44F8F9" box="[365,1173,1410,1437]" elevation="14" latitude="32.69438" location="Goalpost Reef" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-117.2686" municipality="San Diego" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="115E8830425CFFF6FEE7FA6FFE0FF8F9" box="[365,478,1411,1437]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FE63FA6FFD5FF8F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FE63FA6FFD5FF8F9" box="[489,654,1411,1437]" latitude="32.69438" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-117.2686" municipality="San Diego" name="Goalpost Reef" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Goalpost Reef</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8425CFFF6FD10FA6FFCDEF8F9" box="[666,783,1411,1437]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">San Diego</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FC95FA6FFC5DF8F9" box="[799,908,1411,1437]" degrees="32.69438" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="32.69438">32.69438</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FC12FA6FFBCDF8F9" box="[920,1052,1411,1437]" degrees="117.26860" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-117.2686">-117.26860</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FBA5FA6EFB44F8F9" box="[1071,1173,1410,1437]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FBA5FA6EFB44F8F9" box="[1071,1173,1410,1437]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 2/8/20;
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FB72FA6FFCBEF8A5" collectionCode="IZC" country="Iceland" elevation="11" latitude="34.40278" location="Vista Reef" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-119.85755" municipality="Santa Barbara" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="IZC00048464" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FB72FA6FFA48F8F9" box="[1272,1433,1411,1437]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">IZC00048464</specimenCode>
,
<collectingCountry id="B6F27602425CFFF6FF1DFA4BFF6EF8A5" box="[151,191,1447,1473]" name="Iceland" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Isla</collectingCountry>
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FF4CFA4BFEEEF8A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FF4CFA4BFEEEF8A5" box="[198,319,1447,1473]" country="Iceland" latitude="34.40278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-119.85755" municipality="Santa Barbara" name="Vista Reef" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Vista Reef</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8425CFFF6FEC3FA4BFE39F8A5" box="[329,488,1447,1473]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Santa Barbara</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FE7CFA4BFDB0F8A5" box="[502,609,1447,1473]" degrees="34.40278" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="34.40278">34.40278</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FDFDFA4AFD2AF8A5" box="[631,763,1446,1473]" degrees="119.85755" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-119.85755">-119.85755</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FC99FA4BFCBEF8A5" box="[787,879,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FC99FA4BFCBEF8A5" box="[787,879,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 8/1/19;
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FC56FA4BFD60F881" collectionCode="IZC" country="Iceland" elevation="9" latitude="34.46775" location="Arroyo Quemado Reef" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-120.11905" municipality="Santa Barbara" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="IZC00048462" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FC56FA4BFBADF8A5" box="[988,1148,1447,1473]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">IZC00048462</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FB00FA4BFA49F8A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FB00FA4BFA49F8A5" box="[1162,1432,1447,1473]" country="Iceland" latitude="34.46775" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-120.11905" municipality="Santa Barbara" name="Arroyo Quemado Reef" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Arroyo Quemado Reef</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8425CFFF6FF1DFA27FEE6F881" box="[151,311,1483,1509]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Santa Barbara</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FECDFA26FE65F881" box="[327,436,1482,1509]" degrees="34.46775" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="34.46775">34.46775</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FE4BFA26FD94F881" box="[449,581,1482,1509]" degrees="120.11905" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-120.11905">-120.11905</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FDD3FA27FD60F881" box="[601,689,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FDD3FA27FD60F881" box="[601,689,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">7–11 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 6/14/19;
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FCAEFA27FDC9FB6D" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="Iceland" elevation="9" latitude="34.46775" location="Arroyo Quemado Reef" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-120.11905" municipality="Santa Barbara" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="SBMNH700907" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FCAEFA27FC0EF881" box="[804,991,1483,1509]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" type="Museum">SBMNH700907</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FC60FA27FB21F881" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FC60FA27FB21F881" box="[1002,1264,1483,1509]" country="Iceland" latitude="34.46775" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-120.11905" municipality="Santa Barbara" name="Arroyo Quemado Reef" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Arroyo Quemado Reef</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8425CFFF6FB77FA27FA4CF881" box="[1277,1437,1483,1509]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Santa Barbara</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FF15FA02FEDDFB6D" box="[159,268,1518,1545]" degrees="34.46775" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="34.46775">34.46775</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FE94FA02FE73FB6D" box="[286,418,1518,1545]" degrees="120.11905" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-120.11905">-120.11905</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FE36FA03FDC9FB6D" box="[444,536,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FE36FA03FDC9FB6D" box="[444,536,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">7–11 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 7/29/19;
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FD1CFA02FE56FB49" collectionCode="IZC" country="Iceland" county="Carmel" elevation="11" latitude="36.52172" location="Whaler's Cove" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.93894" municipality="Point Lobos" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="IZC00048465" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FD1CFA02FCE7FB6D" box="[662,822,1518,1545]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">IZC00048465</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FCC2FA03FC27FB6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FCC2FA03FC27FB6D" box="[840,1014,1519,1545]" country="Iceland" county="Carmel" latitude="36.52172" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.93894" municipality="Point Lobos" name="Whaler's Cove" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Whaler's Cove</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8425CFFF6FB82FA03FB4BFB6D" box="[1032,1178,1519,1545]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Point Lobos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="273B4E1E425CFFF6FB21FA03FB2CFB6D" box="[1195,1277,1519,1545]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Carmel</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FA99FA02FA50FB6D" box="[1299,1409,1518,1545]" degrees="36.52172" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="36.52172">36.52172</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FA19FA03FEC3FB49" degrees="121.93894" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-121.93894">- 121.93894</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FEA1F9FEFE56FB49" box="[299,391,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="6.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FEA1F9FEFE56FB49" box="[299,391,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="6.0">6–15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 11/23/19;
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FD84F9FFFA46FB49" box="[526,1431,1555,1581]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="Iceland" elevation="10" latitude="36.6292" location="Otter Cove" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.92031" municipality="Pacific Grove" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="SBMNH700924" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FD84F9FFFD18FB49" box="[526,713,1555,1581]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" type="Museum">SBMNH700924</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FD53F9FFFC8CFB49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FD53F9FFFC8CFB49" box="[729,861,1555,1581]" country="Iceland" latitude="36.6292" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.92031" municipality="Pacific Grove" name="Otter Cove" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Otter Cove</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8425CFFF6FCE7F9FFFBDCFB49" box="[877,1037,1555,1581]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Pacific Grove</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FBABF9FFFB5EFB49" box="[1057,1167,1555,1581]" degrees="36.62920" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="36.6292">36.62920</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FB14F9FFFAF2FB49" box="[1182,1315,1555,1581]" degrees="121.92031" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-121.92031">-121.92031</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FAB1F9FFFA46FB49" box="[1339,1431,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FAB1F9FFFA46FB49" box="[1339,1431,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7–12 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 11/24/19;
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FE84F9DBFBB3FB35" box="[270,1122,1590,1617]" collectionCode="IZC" country="Iceland" elevation="17" latitude="36.55852" location="Inner Carmel Pinnacle" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9682" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="IZC00048463" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FE84F9DBFE7FFB35" box="[270,430,1591,1617]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">IZC00048463</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FE35F9DBFD17FB35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FE35F9DBFD17FB35" box="[447,710,1591,1617]" country="Iceland" latitude="36.55852" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9682" name="Inner Carmel Pinnacle" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Inner Carmel Pinnacle</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FD51F9DAFC98FB35" box="[731,841,1590,1617]" degrees="36.55852" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="36.55852">36.55852</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FCD0F9DBFC0FFB35" box="[858,990,1591,1617]" degrees="121.96820" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-121.9682">-121.96820</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FC7DF9DBFBB3FB35" box="[1015,1122,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="17.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="10.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FC7DF9DBFBB3FB35" box="[1015,1122,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="17.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="10.0">10–24 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 9/22/21;
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF425CFFF6FB54F9DBFCDBFB11" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="Iceland" elevation="14" latitude="32.69438" location="Goalpost" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-117.2686" municipality="San Diego" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" specimenCode="SBMNH700915" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9425CFFF6FB54F9DBFA49FB35" box="[1246,1432,1590,1617]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" type="Museum">SBMNH700915</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A6049425CFFF6FF1DF9B7FF2EFB11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784425CFFF1FF1DFB1EFE31FEE5:CB3A6049425CFFF6FF1DF9B7FF2EFB11" box="[151,255,1627,1653]" country="Iceland" latitude="32.69438" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-117.2686" municipality="San Diego" name="Goalpost" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Goalpost</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8425CFFF6FE80F9B7FE53FB11" box="[266,386,1627,1653]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">San Diego</collectingMunicipality>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FE1FF9B7FDD3FB11" box="[405,514,1627,1653]" degrees="32.69438" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="32.69438">32.69438</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055425CFFF6FD84F9B7FD43FB11" box="[526,658,1627,1653]" degrees="117.26860" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" precision="1" value="-117.2686">-117.26860</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FD2FF9B6FCDBFB11" box="[677,778,1626,1653]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A1425CFFF6FD2FF9B6FCDBFB11" box="[677,778,1626,1653]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 2/8/20.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF6519425CFFF7FF4DF993FBC0FF95" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425CFFF6FF4DF993FE6BFBD9" blockId="34.[151,1437,1374,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425CFFF6FF4DF993FE9FFBFD" bold="true" box="[199,334,1663,1689]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Etymology.</emphasis>
&quot;Debris collector,&quot; because the long protruding spicules tend to collect copious detritus in the habitats where it is found.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425CFFF6FF4DF92BFB56FA29" blockId="34.[151,1437,1374,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425CFFF6FF4DF92BFEB0FB85" bold="true" box="[199,353,1735,1761]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Morphology.</emphasis>
A thickly encrusting sponge with upright lobes. Samples
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FB83F92BFB9FFB85" box="[1033,1102,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
to
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FBF3F92BFB65FB85" box="[1145,1204,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
thick; incompletely sampled individuals likely exceeded
<quantity id="091D9B77425CFFF6FDCEF907FDAEFA61" box="[580,639,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="185" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
in height. Color in life apricot (light yellow-orange); some samples variegated with peach and white; all samples beige when preserved. Surface is thick with protruding spicules, giving the sponge a furry appearance, often with sediment and debris ensnared on hispid surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425CFFF7FF4DF8BAFE99FD9D" blockId="34.[151,1437,1374,2013]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1436,151,753]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425CFFF6FF4DF8BAFEE4FA14" bold="true" box="[199,309,1878,1904]" pageId="34" pageNumber="185">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Upright, slightly plumose bundles of oxeas, 5–10 spicules wide, project towards sponge surface, where they pierce the tissue and create a hispid surface. Many spicules also found outside of bundles; near sponge surface, these are mostly upright, adding to a generally plumose impression; near the sponge base, oxeas are found in utter confusion. Some megascleres found horizontally where sponge attaches to substrate; a minority of these have multiple bends resulting in a U or S shape and could be dubbed sinuous. No ectosomal specialization. No apparent spongin; spicules are unbound after proteinase K digestion. Spicule density is high; sponges are firm and incompressible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425DFFF7FF4DFEEEFC83FC79" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,753]" box="[199,850,258,285]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425DFFF7FF4DFEEEFEE1FC78" bold="true" box="[199,304,258,284]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">Spicules.</emphasis>
Oxeas, styles, and intermediates; sinuous oxeas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425DFFF7FF4DFECBFD7CFC91" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,753]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
Oxeas: slightly curved or straight; majority with sharp points at both ends, but minority have asymmetrical points, with one tip blunt or rounded; some of these approach styles.
<typeStatus id="115E8830425DFFF7FC43FEA7FBE7FC01" box="[969,1078,331,357]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 502–750-1208 x 5–14–31 μm (n=80). Dimensions vary greatly within and among samples. Average length was significantly associated with latitude (r
<superScript id="39909BDA425DFFF7FE8CFE7EFEDFFCC4" attach="left" box="[262,270,402,416]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">2</superScript>
= 0.6, p = 0.02), but width was not (r
<superScript id="39909BDA425DFFF7FD32FE7EFD11FCC4" attach="left" box="[696,704,402,416]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">2</superScript>
= 0.4, p = 0.08). Average lengths: San Diego samples = 750 and 747 μm; Santa Barbara samples = 743, 796, and 878 μm; Monterey samples = 932, 1138, and 1439 μm. All samples pooled: 477–948–2155 x 3–15–31 μm (n=360).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425DFFF7FF4DFE13FE51FFE1" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,753]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
Styles: shaped like oxeas, but with one untapered, rounded end; less common than oxeas in all samples, with frequencies of approximately 1%–15%, depending on sample. Shorter than oxeas in all samples, with average lengths 75%–85% as long.
<typeStatus id="115E8830425DFFF7FE5EFDABFD90FF05" box="[468,577,583,609]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 521–612–729 x 8–12–15 μm (n=5); all samples pooled: 486–717–1321 x 5–12–23 μm (n=38).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425DFFF7FF4DFD63FBC0FF95" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,753]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
Sinuous oxeas: oxeas with multiple bends and curves such that they are sinuous or U-shaped; some are only slightly sinuous and hard to differentiate from normal oxeas. Found in 5 of 8 samples.
<typeStatus id="115E8830425DFFF7FBFEFD5FFB30FFA9" box="[1140,1249,691,717]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 371–504–630 x 7–11–16 μm (n=12); all samples pooled: 231–510–1692 x 7–11–18 μm (n=43).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="9A9A661A425DFFF7FF1DF8B4FBFDFAB8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162427" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162427/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" startId="35.[151,250,1880,1904]" targetBox="[151,1433,780,1854]" targetPageId="35" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425DFFF7FF1DF8B4FBFDFAB8" blockId="35.[151,1436,1880,2012]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425DFFF7FF1DF8B4FECDFA14" bold="true" box="[151,284,1880,1904]" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">FIGURE 23</emphasis>
. Maximum likelihood phylogenies for the
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425DFFF7FD6BF8B4FC90FA14" box="[737,833,1880,1904]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
. A:
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425DFFF7FCE5F8B4FC44FA14" box="[879,917,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">28S</emphasis>
locus, B:
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425DFFF7FB8EF8B4FBE2FA14" box="[1028,1075,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="186">cox1</emphasis>
locus. Green clade designated the putative
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425DFFF7FF65F890FE9EFAF0" box="[239,335,1916,1940]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="35" pageNumber="186" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
; the orders and families currently housing each taxon is also shown. Genbank accession numbers are shown; bold indicates new sequences; asterisks designate type species. Node confidence is based on bootstrapping. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Colors indicate clades containing new taxa, as referenced in the text.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="9A9A661A425AFFF0FF1DFB7DFCF0F871" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162431" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162431/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" startId="36.[151,250,1169,1193]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1145]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425AFFF0FF1DFB7DFCF0F871" blockId="36.[151,1437,1169,1301]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FF1DFB7DFECAF9CD" bold="true" box="[151,283,1169,1193]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">FIGURE 24</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FEA1FB7DFE0AF9CD" box="[299,475,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FEA1FB7DFE07F9CD" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[299,470,1169,1193]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector">Obruta collector</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Field photos of IZC00048463 (A) and holotype (B).
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FB81FB7DFB64F9CD" baseAuthorityName="Urban" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1035,1205,1169,1193]" class="Calcarea" family="Amphoriscidae" genus="Leucilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FB81FB7DFB64F9CD" box="[1035,1205,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Leucilla nuttingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sample IZC00048456 visible as small calcareous growths on
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FDABFB59FD4BF9A9" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[545,666,1205,1229]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FDABFB59FD4BF9A9" box="[545,666,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">O. collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in A. C: cross-section at surface of sponge, from holotype. D: Cross-section at base of sponge, from TLT522. E: style from SBMNH700907. F: Anisoxea from SBMNH700907. G: oxea from IZC00048464. H–J: sinuous oxeas. H,I from holotype, J from SBMNH700924.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="86FF6519425AFFF0FF4DFAAFFA5EF8C1" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425AFFF0FF4DFAAFFA5EF8C1" blockId="36.[151,1437,1347,2022]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FF4DFAAFFE21F839" bold="true" box="[199,496,1347,1373]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Found on shallow subtidal reefs in Central and Southern
<collectingRegion id="0C21F870425AFFF0FBE7FAAFFB33F839" box="[1133,1250,1347,1373]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">California</collectingRegion>
; not found in the intertidal or on human structures. Fairly common around Monterey and Carmel Bays, where it was found at 50% of subtidal reefs investigated. Less common in Southern
<collectingRegion id="0C21F870425AFFF0FD7CFA67FCBBF8C1" box="[758,874,1419,1445]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">California</collectingRegion>
, where it was found at only 7% of subtidal reefs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF6519425AFFF1FF4DFA43FE31FEE5" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425AFFF0FF4DFA43FD86FBC5" blockId="36.[151,1437,1347,2022]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FF4DFA43FEEAF8AD" bold="true" box="[199,315,1455,1481]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FEC8FA43FE2FF8AD" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[322,510,1455,1481]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FEC8FA43FE2FF8AD" box="[322,510,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Obruta collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FD8FFA43FD8EF8AD" bold="true" box="[517,607,1455,1481]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425AFFF0FD8FFA43FD8EF8AD" box="[517,607,1455,1481]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is confidently placed in this nominal
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FB8CFA43FBBCF8AD" box="[1030,1133,1455,1481]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
clade at both loci, forming a subclade with
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FEC4FA3FFD99F889" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[334,584,1491,1517]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ventilabrum">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FEC4FA3FFD99F889" box="[334,584,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Phakellia ventilabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<typeStatus id="115E8830425AFFF0FDDDFA38FD56F88A" box="[599,647,1492,1518]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">type</typeStatus>
of its genus, and
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FCDBFA3FFBE5F889" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[849,1076,1491,1517]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Axinellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cannabina">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FCDBFA3FFBE5F889" box="[849,1076,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Axinellia cannabina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(considered by some authors to be an
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FF57FA1BFD85FB75" authority="(Gazave et al. 2010))" baseAuthorityName="Gazave" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[221,596,1527,1553]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FF57FA1BFE87FB75" box="[221,342,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Acanthella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63425AFFF0FEECFA1BFD93FB75" author="Gazave, E. &amp; Carteron, S. &amp; Chenuil, A. &amp; Richelle-Maurer, E. &amp; Boury-Esnault, N. &amp; Borchiellini, C." box="[358,578,1527,1553]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" pagination="35 - 47" refId="ref24235" refString="Gazave, E., Carteron, S., Chenuil, A., Richelle-Maurer, E., Boury-Esnault, N. &amp; Borchiellini, C. (2010) Polyphyly of the genus Axinella and of the family Axinellidae (Porifera: Demospongiae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 57, 35 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2010.05.028" type="journal article" year="2010">
Gazave
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FE4EFA14FE2FFB75" box="[452,510,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
. The close evolutionary relationship of these three species highlights how difficult it will be to revise this order based on traditional characters. The two previously described species possess an axial skeleton of sinuous strongyles complemented by styles, and the new species possesses mostly oxeas.
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FF1DF98FFE5EFB19" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[151,399,1635,1661]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ventilabrum">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FF1DF98FFE5EFB19" box="[151,399,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Phakellia ventilabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is upright and fan-shaped,
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FD36F98FFC44FB19" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[700,917,1635,1661]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cannabina">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FD36F98FFC44FB19" box="[700,917,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Axinella cannabina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is branching and tubular, and
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FB68F98FFA4CFB19" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[1250,1437,1635,1661]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FB68F98FFA4CFB19" box="[1250,1437,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Obruta collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FF1DF96BFF20FBC5" bold="true" box="[151,241,1671,1697]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425AFFF0FF1DF96BFF20FBC5" box="[151,241,1671,1697]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is thickly encrusting and lobed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425AFFF1FF4DF947FDD8FC25" blockId="36.[151,1437,1347,2022]" lastBlockId="37.[151,1437,151,897]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
The high spicule density, hispid surface, and basal skeleton of sinuous diactines of
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FB0EF947FADCFBA1" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[1156,1293,1707,1733]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FB0EF947FADCFBA1" box="[1156,1293,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">O. collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FA9FF947FAA0FBA1" bold="true" box="[1301,1393,1707,1733]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425AFFF0FA9FF947FAA0FBA1" box="[1301,1393,1707,1733]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are consistent with placement in the
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FD83F923FDAEFB8D" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1894" box="[521,639,1743,1769]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Bubaridae</taxonomicName>
, and not consistent with the other bubarid families (
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FB4CF923FABCFB8D" authorityName="van Soest, Diaz &amp; Pomponi" authorityYear="1990" box="[1222,1389,1743,1769]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Dictyonellidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FF1DF91FFEECFA69" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,317,1779,1805]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmanthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Desmanthidae</taxonomicName>
). However, none of the existing genera placed within the
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FC5AF91FFB97FA69" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1894" box="[976,1094,1779,1805]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Bubaridae</taxonomicName>
, nor other genera that may be included in the
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FEC3F8FBFE61FA55" box="[329,432,1815,1841]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
after revision, are a good fit for
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FCA2F8FBFC61FA55" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[808,944,1815,1841]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FCA2F8FBFC61FA55" box="[808,944,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">O. collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425AFFF0FC32F8F4FBC3FA55" box="[952,1042,1816,1842]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The close relationship of this new species to the
<typeStatus id="115E8830425AFFF0FEBEF8D0FEB5FA32" box="[308,356,1852,1878]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FE6AF8D7FD9AFA31" box="[480,587,1851,1877]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FE6AF8D7FD9AFA31" box="[480,587,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Phakellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is intriguing, but that genus is currently defined by its planer habit, multiple axes of sinuous strongyles, and styles, none of which are possessed by
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FC36F8B3FB92FA1D" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[956,1091,1887,1913]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FC36F8B3FB92FA1D" box="[956,1091,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">O. collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FBC1F8B3FB74FA1D" bold="true" box="[1099,1189,1887,1913]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425AFFF0FBC1F8B3FB74FA1D" box="[1099,1189,1887,1913]" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FAA3F8B3FA53FA1D" box="[1321,1410,1887,1913]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Bubaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FAA3F8B3FA53FA1D" box="[1321,1410,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Bubaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more similar to the new species, as it is encrusting with sinuous diactines along the substrate. However,
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FAA0F86FFA52FAF9" box="[1322,1411,1923,1949]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Bubaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FAA0F86FFA52FAF9" box="[1322,1411,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">Bubaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is defined by having sinuous strongyles and styles, a thinly encrusting habit, and a skeleton of single styles erect on the substrate. Though some species currently placed in this genus have other growth forms (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425AFFF0FB43F820FA8EFA81" authority="Ilan" authorityName="Ilan" box="[1225,1375,1995,2021]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Bubaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="36" pageNumber="187" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sarayi">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FB43F820FAFCFA81" box="[1225,1325,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">B. sarayi</emphasis>
Ilan
</taxonomicName>
e
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425AFFF0FAFBF820FA4CFA81" box="[1393,1437,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="187">t al.</emphasis>
1994,
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FF57FF7BFDA7FDD5" authority="Vacelet &amp; Vasseur 1971" authorityName="Vacelet &amp; Vasseur" authorityYear="1971" box="[221,630,151,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Bubaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conulosa">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FF57FF7BFEB0FDD5" box="[221,353,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">B. conulosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63425BFFF1FEE2FF7BFDA7FDD5" author="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P." box="[360,630,151,177]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" pagination="51 - 126" refId="ref26888" refString="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P. (1971) Eponges des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Madagascar). Tethys, Supplement 1, 51 - 126." type="journal article" year="1971">Vacelet &amp; Vasseur 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), they all possess only sinuous strongyles and styles. As
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FB64FF7BFAA5FDD5" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[1262,1396,151,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FB64FF7BFAA5FDD5" box="[1262,1396,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">O. collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FAF1FF7BFF19FDB1" bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425BFFF1FAF1FF7BFF19FDB1" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
possesses primarily oxeas and is thickly encrusting, we deem it necessary to create a new genus to house this species. The presence of sinuous diactines and lack of an ectosomal skeleton are morphological characters that unite this species with most other members of the
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FD1CFEEFFD2CFC79" box="[662,765,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
and other species that will likely be revised into the genus based on the phylogenies shown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425BFFF1FF4DFEA7FCBFFFCD" blockId="37.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FF4DFEA7FE56FC01" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[199,391,331,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FF4DFEA7FE56FC01" box="[199,391,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">Obruta collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FE1AFEA7FE3CFC01" bold="true" box="[400,493,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425BFFF1FE1AFEA7FE3CFC01" box="[400,493,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be easily differentiated from other named species, as evidenced by the need to create a new genus to house it. Due to the ill-defined boundaries of some genera of
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FB06FE83FB27FCED" box="[1164,1270,367,393]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FA88FE83FAB4FCED" box="[1282,1381,367,393]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Axinella</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FF1DFE7FFE9FFCC9" box="[151,334,403,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Halichondriidae</taxonomicName>
, however, it is worth listing the similarities and differences of species from several other genera that occur in the North East Pacific. The only previous
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FC82FE5BFCBEFCB5" box="[776,879,439,465]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
known from the region is
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FB16FE5BFE82FC91" authority="Dickinson, 1945" authorityName="Dickinson" authorityYear="1945" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Rhaphoxya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="laubenfelsi">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FB16FE5BFA4DFCB5" box="[1180,1436,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">Rhaphoxya laubenfelsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63425BFFF1FF1DFE37FE82FC91" author="Dickinson, M. G." box="[151,339,474,501]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref24060" refString="Dickinson, M. G. (1945) Sponges of the Gulf of California. In: Reports on the collections obtained by Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions of Velero III off the coast of Mexico, Central America, South America, and Galapagos Islands in 1932, in 1933, in 1934, in 1935, in 1936, in 1937, in 1939, and 1940. The University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles, California, pp. 1 - 55." type="book chapter" year="1945">Dickinson, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Pacific
<collectingRegion id="0C21F870425BFFF1FE79FE37FD9DFC91" box="[499,588,475,501]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">Mexico</collectingRegion>
. This species is differentiated by being ramose and branching, possessing sharply bent styles, and being green after preservation. Two
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FCC4FE13FC63FF7D" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1897" box="[846,946,511,537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Axinyssa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FCC4FE13FC63FF7D" box="[846,946,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">Axinyssa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known from the northeast Pacific, and some members of this genus have genetic affinities to the
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FCA6FDCFFC47FF59" box="[812,918,547,573]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Bubarida</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FC28FDCFFADAFF59" authority="(Ristau, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Ristau" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[930,1291,547,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Axinyssa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tuscara">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FC28FDCFFBB0FF58" box="[930,1121,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">Axinyssa tuscara</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63425BFFF1FBF9FDCFFAD2FF59" author="Ristau, D. A." box="[1139,1283,547,573]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" pagination="569 - 589" refId="ref26193" refString="Ristau, D. A. (1978) Six new species of shallow-water marine demosponges from California. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91, 569 - 589." type="journal article" year="1978">Ristau, 1978</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is sympatric with
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FF5BFDABFE88FF05" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[209,345,583,609]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FF5BFDABFE88FF05" box="[209,345,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">O. collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FEEBFDABFE6DFF05" bold="true" box="[353,444,583,609]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425BFFF1FEEBFDABFE6DFF05" box="[353,444,583,609]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, but is dark brown with smaller oxeas. Another species from Pacific
<collectingRegion id="0C21F870425BFFF1FB5EFDABFAFDFF05" box="[1236,1324,583,609]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">Mexico</collectingRegion>
,
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FAB3FDABFD8BFFE1" authority="Carballo &amp; Cruz-Barraza, 2008" authorityName="Carballo &amp; Cruz-Barraza" authorityYear="2008" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Axinyssa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="isabela">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FAB3FDABFF39FFE1" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">Axinyssa isabela</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63425BFFF1FF7BFD87FD8BFFE1" author="Carballo, J. L. &amp; Cruz-Barraza, J. A." box="[241,602,619,645]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" pagination="58 - 68" refId="ref23586" refString="Carballo, J. L. &amp; Cruz-Barraza, J. A. (2008) First record of Axinyssa Lendenfeld, 1897 (Demospongiae, Halichondrida) from the East Pacific Ocean, with the description of Axinyssa isabela sp. nov. Zootaxa, 1784 (1), 58 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1784.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">Carballo &amp; Cruz-Barraza, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, has similar spicules and a somewhat similar skeleton to
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11425BFFF1FB60FD87FAA3FFE1" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[1258,1394,619,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Obruta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="collector" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FB60FD87FAA3FFE1" box="[1258,1394,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">O. collector</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FAF1FD87FF19FFCD" bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB425BFFF1FAF1FD87FF19FFCD" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, but is yellow, sprawling, and is not macroscopically hispid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A3692425BFFF1FF4DFD5FFE31FEE5" blockId="37.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">
Young or small individuals of this species may be difficult to identify in the field, but larger individuals have a distinctive combination of growth form, color, and very hispid surface. All individuals of this form were correctly identified to species before verification with spicules and DNA sequencing, and no other samples were erroneously assigned to this species, so tentative field identifications are likely to be fairly reliable with experienced observers. Individuals from this species from Southern
<collectingRegion id="0C21F870425BFFF1FD03FCAFFD2AFE39" box="[649,763,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">California</collectingRegion>
were the focus of recent research on terpene biosynthesis in sponges (
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63425BFFF1FE8AFC8BFE05FEE5" author="Wilson, K. &amp; de Rond, T. &amp; Burkhardt, I. &amp; Steele, T. S. &amp; Schafer, R. J. B. &amp; Podell, S. &amp; Allen, E. E. &amp; Moore, B. S." box="[256,468,871,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="188" pagination="2220934120" refId="ref26960" refString="Wilson, K., de Rond, T., Burkhardt, I., Steele, T. S., Schafer, R. J. B., Podell, S., Allen, E. E. &amp; Moore, B. S. (2023) Terpene biosynthesis in marine sponge animals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120, e 2220934120. https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 2220934120" type="journal article" year="2023">
Wilson
<emphasis id="FC91EA80425BFFF1FED2FC8BFE40FEE5" box="[344,401,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="188">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink