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<document id="1012D4C3F73E4812DE7F2BFB3D115CC6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5398985" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5398985" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630329734525" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Vallès, Yvonne, Valdés, Ángel &amp; Ortea, Jesús" docDate="2000" docId="096B7348DD63FF89FF21FC3CFC4AFEF4" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2000.22.1.15-31.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 22 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Polycera aurantiomarginata Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="F5520B30DD6AFF82FFC2FFA2FFC3FFF1" masterDocTitle="On the phanerobranch dorids of Angola (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): a crossroads of temperate and tropical species" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1699229786682" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="F8D8C7539C596767271D63644C5ADC1B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="27BB0791B5752A919979392AA00CC053">
<mods:title id="1C347E3EC9BE1751FBD479F7DD753D22">On the phanerobranch dorids of Angola (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): a crossroads of temperate and tropical species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6FCEBE8DD58198C025BA4DA22D3112F0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6B1F08977B58231FA110C7B79AF0169F">
<mods:roleTerm id="A24F61A6A2CCA5CBFC33624C1567F977">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C23361FDE6613DEFF58008A3F896D71E">Vallès, Yvonne</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F4448E3C5610FE90C8B98F7AA6AFBF13">P. O. Box 15868, Petion Ville, W. I. (Haiti) valles @ acn 2. net</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="05F0FBA8E38BCDE1D0D0B5E247F50E08" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CE00D00465D4AB08A3146EE6A663B30D">
<mods:roleTerm id="212BE6CC81FA2ABFC2C841833DEC6B75">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="04FA86ECEF1E9C810EA7019706A597D6">Valdés, Ángel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B69C9D507BF4151A13CB01D332378BA6">Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118 (USA) avaldes @ calacademy. org</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="895561E3F4708EDB840823E2124E203B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9695A5DA865F6AD327BBD93FA205E33E">
<mods:roleTerm id="B8014B688C01E1ACC5783C7AB8666FD9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="49D6902CB3FF5E28A445E7D8BE906129">Ortea, Jesús</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C289E4F9563F4E5E7F36139AE01AD3BE">Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Laboratorio de Zoología Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo (Spain) jortea @ sci. cpd. uniovi. es</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="428B06D76578B423FB8ED35B10B69B37">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="DD81EE4AD590A044F4CAFF3AEE3E283D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="846DF3447F15CF883C4072DA7A9D9A6E">
<mods:title id="269335598063D398BC1ED15EE54CA0FC">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D506F10BDD528D374803EAF020509C0F">
<mods:date id="733CEC52A673407EC7893579C8EAE82F">2000</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C5158DA7412D36FBD1578792006E5C49" type="volume">
<mods:number id="79218248825DB6E83FBB69E32DF3CA0B">22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="242111722D3411D5C1CBE06945CEBFAD" type="issue">
<mods:number id="010F5BC11075B07FEE8A82612006E16E">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="AF23CF036C5F4CB4E9A514CA9B36F049" unit="page">
<mods:start id="159F081A83DAFD713BA8A0C4C595FAB8">15</mods:start>
<mods:end id="0B5E35D43BAB54A619E22C3B0A094380">31</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="5E76D0B772D89142FC37D09B6B8021DB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5E5525414F76D37E09A4E8902D017D8C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5398985</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1937BF0F13865483964372F9E1269098" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="13E63CE02DA3DDE4A7F8969EBFEA47C2" type="Zenodo-Dep">5398985</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="096B7348DD63FF89FF21FC3CFC4AFEF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:096B7348DD63FF89FF21FC3CFC4AFEF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/096B7348DD63FF89FF21FC3CFC4AFEF4" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="C9D891D5DD63FF8BFF21FC3CFDDEFC26" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFF21FC3CFDDEFC26" blockId="9.[218,541,924,1013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="DA357532DD63FF8BFF21FC3CFDDEFC26" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD63FF8BFF21FC3CFDDEFC26" ID-CoL="6W4DD" authority="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo, 1984" authorityName="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo" authorityYear="1984" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD63FF8BFF21FC3CFDD7FC47" bold="true" box="[227,532,924,952]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Polycera aurantiomarginata</emphasis>
García-Gómez &amp; Bobo, 1984
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9D891D5DD63FF8BFEFFFC79FE78FC04" box="[317,443,986,1013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFEFFFC79FE78FC04" blockId="9.[218,541,924,1013]" box="[317,443,986,1013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
(
<figureCitation id="19F9DEDBDD63FF8BFE86FC79FE5AFC05" box="[324,409,986,1013]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[114,125,1250,1267]" captionTargetBox="[120,1205,732,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-221@8.[120,1205,732,1219]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 7. — Radular teeth morphology; A, Polycera hedgpethi (MNHN); B, Polycera aurantiomarginata (MNHN); C, Thecacera pennigera (MNHN). Scale bar: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399009/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Figs 7B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="19F9DEDBDD63FF8BFE66FC79FE71FC04" box="[420,434,987,1013]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,1238,1255]" captionTargetBox="[125,1196,209,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-211@10.[99,1222,193,1232]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Polycera aurantiomarginata (MNHN); A, dorsal view of a dark coloured specimen alive); B, reproductive system; C, larger intergumentary spicules; D, smaller intergumentary spicules. Abbreviations: a, ampulla; d, deferent duct; f, female gland; g, gametolytic gland; p, prostate; s, seminal receptacle; v, vagina. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 100 µm; D, 8 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399011/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9D891D5DD63FF8BFFB3FBBAFD92FB92" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFFB3FBBAFE72FBBB" blockId="9.[113,647,1048,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD63FF8BFFB3FBBAFEC4FBBB" ID-CoL="6W4DD" authority="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo, 1984: 362 - 372" authorityName="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo" authorityPageNumber="362 - 372" authorityYear="1984" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD63FF8BFFB3FBBAFE45FBDE" box="[113,390,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Polycera aurantiomarginata</emphasis>
García-Gómez &amp; Bobo, 1984: 362-372
</taxonomicName>
, figs 1-8, pls 1-4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFFB3FBE9FD92FB92" blockId="9.[113,647,1048,1703]" box="[113,593,1098,1123]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD63FF8BFFB3FBE9FDD7FB92" ID-CoL="4L3VQ" authority="Ortea &amp; Rolan, 1989: 23 - 28" authorityName="Ortea &amp; Rolan" authorityPageNumber="23 - 28" authorityYear="1989" box="[113,532,1098,1123]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="xicoi">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD63FF8BFFB3FBE9FF32FB90" box="[113,241,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Polycera xicoi</emphasis>
Ortea &amp; Rolán, 1989: 23-28
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9D891D5DD63FF8BFFB3FBCDFE90F9EC" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFFB3FBCDFF3AFA9D" blockId="9.[113,647,1048,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="31AAC803DD63FF8BFFB3FBCDFEE8FB4B" collectionCode="MATERIAL" latitude="-8.816667" location="Luanda Province" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="13.216666" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="E7D35A9BDD63FF8BFFB3FBCDFF17FB74" box="[113,212,1135,1158]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
EXAMINED. —
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD63FF8BFEADFBCDFDE2FB79" bold="true" box="[367,545,1135,1160]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<location id="841D9485DD63FF8BFEADFBCDFDDFFB79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:096B7348DD63FF89FF21FC3CFC4AFEF4:841D9485DD63FF8BFEADFBCDFDDFFB79" box="[367,540,1135,1160]" latitude="-8.816667" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="13.216666" name="Luanda Province" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Luanda Province</location>
.
</emphasis>
Corimba,
<geoCoordinate id="E4F6A499DD63FF8BFFB3FB2BFF01FB50" box="[113,194,1161,1185]" degrees="08" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-8.816667">08°49’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E4F6A499DD63FF8BFF0DFB2BFEE0FB6E" box="[207,291,1160,1185]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="13.216666">13°13’E</geoCoordinate>
, date unknown,
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFE0DFB2BFD82FB50" box="[463,577,1161,1185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFD8BFB2BFD45FB6E" box="[585,646,1160,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
preserved length
</materialsCitation>
;
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFEFBFB00FE7DFB4B" box="[313,446,1186,1210]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFE0AFB00FDD6FB48" box="[456,533,1186,1210]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
preserved length;
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFF7FFB1EFEF7FB25" box="[189,308,1212,1236]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFEFEFB1EFE47FB23" box="[316,388,1211,1236]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
preserved length;
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFDF8FB1EFF65FB1A" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFF6DFB77FF3AFB1A" box="[175,249,1236,1261]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
preserved length;
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFE7AFB77FDF0FB1C" box="[440,563,1237,1261]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFDFEFB77FD45FB1A" box="[572,646,1236,1261]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
preserved length;
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFEFBFB4CFE7DFAF7" box="[313,446,1262,1286]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFE0AFB4CFDD6FAF4" box="[456,533,1262,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
preserved length;
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFF7CFAAAFEEDFAD1" box="[190,302,1288,1312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFEF4FAAAFE43FAEF" box="[310,384,1287,1312]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
preserved length;
<materialsCitation id="31AAC803DD63FF8BFDFBFAAAFF36FA9D" collectingDate="1985-10-12" latitude="-8.8" location="Ilha de Luanda" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="13.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFDFBFAAAFF5DFAC6" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFF6AFA83FF37FAC6" box="[168,244,1312,1337]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
preserved length. —
<location id="841D9485DD63FF8BFE1CFA83FD40FAC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:096B7348DD63FF89FF21FC3CFC4AFEF4:841D9485DD63FF8BFE1CFA83FD40FAC8" box="[478,643,1313,1337]" latitude="-8.8" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="13.25" name="Ilha de Luanda" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Ilha de Luanda</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E4F6A499DD63FF8BFFB3FA98FF02FAA3" box="[113,193,1338,1362]" degrees="08" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-8.8">08°48’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E4F6A499DD63FF8BFF0FFA98FEE3FAA0" box="[205,288,1338,1362]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="13.25">13°15’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="F57CE49EDD63FF8BFEEEFA98FE54FAA3" box="[300,407,1338,1362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" value="1985-10-12">
<collectingDate id="E5381D76DD63FF8BFEEEFA98FE54FAA3" box="[300,407,1338,1362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" value="1985-10-12">12.X.1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFE61FA98FDD0FAA3" box="[419,531,1338,1362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFDD9FA98FD94FAA0" box="[539,599,1338,1362]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
preserved length
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFFB3FACFFDFDFA49" blockId="9.[113,647,1048,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="31AAC803DD63FF8BFFB3FACFFD40FA6F" collectingDate="1985-08-03" latitude="-15.016666" location="Amelia" longLatPrecision="1286" longitude="12.133333" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Namibe">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD63FF8BFFB3FACFFEF3FA74" bold="true" box="[113,304,1389,1413]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="43060CBCDD63FF8BFFB3FACFFEEFFA74" box="[113,300,1389,1413]" country="Angola" name="Namibe" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Namibe Province</collectingRegion>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="43060CBCDD63FF8BFEFBFACFFEAFFA74" box="[313,364,1389,1413]" country="Cape Verde" name="Praia" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Praia</collectingRegion>
<location id="841D9485DD63FF8BFEB7FACFFE03FA74" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:096B7348DD63FF89FF21FC3CFC4AFEF4:841D9485DD63FF8BFEB7FACFFE03FA74" box="[373,448,1389,1413]" latitude="-15.016666" longLatPrecision="1286" longitude="12.133333" name="Amelia" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Namibe">Amelia</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E4F6A499DD63FF8BFE0EFACFFDDCFA74" box="[460,543,1389,1413]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-15.016666">15°01’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E4F6A499DD63FF8BFDEEFACFFD41FA72" box="[556,642,1388,1413]" degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="12.133333">12°08’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="F57CE49EDD63FF8BFFB3FA24FF35FA6F" box="[113,246,1414,1438]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" value="1985-08-03">
<collectingDate id="E5381D76DD63FF8BFFB3FA24FF35FA6F" box="[113,246,1414,1438]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" value="1985-08-03">3.VIII.1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFEC6FA24FEBEFA6F" box="[260,381,1414,1438]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFE44FA24FE06FA6C" box="[390,453,1414,1438]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
preserved length
</materialsCitation>
;
<date id="F57CE49EDD63FF8BFFB3FA02FF1BFA49" box="[113,216,1440,1464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" value="1985-08">VIII.1985</date>
,
<specimenCount id="97C409D7DD63FF8BFF20FA02FE93FA49" box="[226,336,1440,1464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFE94FA3DFE52FA47" box="[342,401,1439,1462]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
preserved length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFFB3FA1AFE90F9EC" blockId="9.[113,647,1048,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
We have also examined the
<typeStatus id="5E797CFCDD63FF8BFEBCFA1BFE17FA20" box="[382,468,1465,1489]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD63FF8BFE31FA1BFDDEFA1B" authority="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo, 1984" authorityName="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo" authorityYear="1984" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD63FF8BFE31FA1BFF28FA18" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Polycera aurantiomarginata</emphasis>
García-Gómez &amp; Bobo, 1984
</taxonomicName>
, deposited at the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid (
<collectionCode id="E7D35A9BDD63FF8BFFBAF9A7FF0AF9EC" box="[120,201,1541,1565]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
15.05/1001).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9D891D5DD63FF8BFFB3F98BFEAEF956" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFFB3F98BFEAEF956" blockId="9.[113,647,1048,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
DISTRIBUTION. — Previously, this species was known from the South of Spain (García-Gómez &amp; Bobo 1984) and
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD63FF8BFF1CF9FEFE92F985" box="[222,337,1628,1652]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
Islands (Ortea &amp; Rolán 1989). This paper is the first record from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD63FF8BFE02F9D4FDCBF97F" box="[448,520,1654,1678]" name="Angola" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Angola</collectingCountry>
, a significant southern range extension.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9D891D5DD63FF89FD67FF6FFC4AFEF4" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFD67FF6FFCF6FF14" blockId="9.[677,1210,205,1704]" box="[677,821,205,231]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFD67FF4FFC28FB6E" blockId="9.[677,1210,205,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
The background body colour is whitish in the living animal. The dorsum and sides are longitudinally crossed by orange and yellow alternating lines (
<figureCitation id="19F9DEDBDD63FF8BFD24FEEBFCFDFE92" box="[742,830,329,355]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,1238,1255]" captionTargetBox="[125,1196,209,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-211@10.[99,1222,193,1232]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Polycera aurantiomarginata (MNHN); A, dorsal view of a dark coloured specimen alive); B, reproductive system; C, larger intergumentary spicules; D, smaller intergumentary spicules. Abbreviations: a, ampulla; d, deferent duct; f, female gland; g, gametolytic gland; p, prostate; s, seminal receptacle; v, vagina. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 100 µm; D, 8 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399011/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
). The orange lines are mostly present on the side of the animals and in the anterior part of the dorsum, whereas the yellow lines are more abundant on the dorsum and in the posterior areas of the body. Some specimens have a greyish pigmentation on the dorsum, which may cover the whole body or just part of it. However, the cephalic area is always white with three orange lines between the rhinophores, which may have a grey area around them. Some specimens have a greyish colour only in the centre of the dorsum that is absent on the tail. The velum bears six appendages that are yellow with a white base. Some specimens have also a white apex. The rhinophores may be white or yellow and have a black ring near the apex, which is always white. At the base of the rhinophores (always white) there are orange and yellow spots. One of the specimens has black rhinophores. There are between eight and eleven unipinnate branchial leaves, white with small orange and yellow spots on the rachis. Some specimens have a black ring near the apex of the leaves. The specimen with black rhinophores has a black gill as well, with an orange rachis. Each animal has a white extrabranchial process on either side of the gill, which has yellow lines arranged just at the apex or almost all over the appendage.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF8BFD67FB01FCCCFAA6" blockId="9.[677,1210,205,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
The dorsum is covered with numerous, minute spicules, 10 µm long or smaller. The majority are oval (
<figureCitation id="19F9DEDBDD63FF8BFD26FB43FC80FB0A" box="[740,835,1249,1275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,1238,1255]" captionTargetBox="[125,1196,209,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-211@10.[99,1222,193,1232]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Polycera aurantiomarginata (MNHN); A, dorsal view of a dark coloured specimen alive); B, reproductive system; C, larger intergumentary spicules; D, smaller intergumentary spicules. Abbreviations: a, ampulla; d, deferent duct; f, female gland; g, gametolytic gland; p, prostate; s, seminal receptacle; v, vagina. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 100 µm; D, 8 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399011/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
). There are also a few large and scattered spicules bigger than 200 µm, being elongated with tubercles or cusps in their centre (
<figureCitation id="19F9DEDBDD63FF8BFD6EFA9FFCC2FAA6" box="[684,769,1341,1367]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,1238,1255]" captionTargetBox="[125,1196,209,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-211@10.[99,1222,193,1232]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Polycera aurantiomarginata (MNHN); A, dorsal view of a dark coloured specimen alive); B, reproductive system; C, larger intergumentary spicules; D, smaller intergumentary spicules. Abbreviations: a, ampulla; d, deferent duct; f, female gland; g, gametolytic gland; p, prostate; s, seminal receptacle; v, vagina. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 100 µm; D, 8 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399011/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD63FF88FD67FAF9FDFEFA65" blockId="9.[677,1210,205,1704]" lastBlockId="10.[114,647,1370,1704]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">
The radular formula is 8-13 × (4.2.0.2.4) for specimens between
<quantity id="463A6FBBDD63FF8BFC47FAD8FC33FA62" box="[901,1008,1401,1428]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5-15 mm</quantity>
preserved length. The radula has two inner lateral teeth, the innermost being smaller than the second (
<figureCitation id="19F9DEDBDD63FF8BFB90FA15FB6EFA21" box="[1106,1197,1462,1489]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[114,125,1250,1267]" captionTargetBox="[120,1205,732,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-221@8.[120,1205,732,1219]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 7. — Radular teeth morphology; A, Polycera hedgpethi (MNHN); B, Polycera aurantiomarginata (MNHN); C, Thecacera pennigera (MNHN). Scale bar: 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399009/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). Both have a rectangular peak. There are four rectangular-shaped outer lateral teeth, which decrease in size towards the outer edge. The oesophagus is straight. The intestine emerges from the left side of the animal, surrounds the digestive gland anteriorly and descends to the right side to the anus. The irregularly circular- shaped heart is connected by the aorta to the blood gland, situated near the oesophagus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D5BD92D6DD60FF88FFB0FB74FBD0FAE3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5399011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399011/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="25" startId="10.[114,125,1238,1255]" targetBox="[125,1196,209,1209]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD60FF88FFB0FB74FBD0FAE3" blockId="10.[114,1210,1238,1298]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">
FIG. 8. —
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD60FF88FF06FB74FE31FB16" authority="(MNHN)" baseAuthorityName="MNHN" box="[196,498,1238,1255]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FF06FB74FE65FB16" box="[196,422,1238,1255]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">Polycera aurantiomarginata</emphasis>
(MNHN)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FE38FB74FDC4FB16" bold="true" box="[506,519,1238,1255]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
, dorsal view of a dark coloured specimen alive);
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FC66FB74FC73FB16" bold="true" box="[932,944,1238,1255]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
, reproductive system;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FBB0FB74FBBCFB16" bold="true" box="[1138,1151,1238,1255]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">C</emphasis>
, larger intergumentary spicules;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FE87FB49FE91FB0D" bold="true" box="[325,338,1259,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
, smaller intergumentary spicules. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FD33FB49FD38FB0D" bold="true" box="[753,763,1259,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">a</emphasis>
, ampulla;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FC91FB49FC9DFB0D" bold="true" box="[851,862,1259,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">d</emphasis>
, deferent duct;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FC27FB49FC29FB0D" bold="true" box="[997,1002,1259,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">f</emphasis>
, female gland;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FBACFB49FBBAFB0D" bold="true" box="[1134,1145,1259,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">g</emphasis>
, gametolytic gland;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FF20FAA3FF2EFAE3" bold="true" box="[226,237,1281,1298]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">p</emphasis>
, prostate;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FE85FAA3FE92FAE3" bold="true" box="[327,337,1281,1298]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">s</emphasis>
, seminal receptacle;
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FDC0FAA3FDCFFAE3" bold="true" box="[514,524,1281,1298]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">v</emphasis>
, vagina. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 100 µm; D, 8 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD60FF88FFB0FA3BFBAAFA42" blockId="10.[114,647,1370,1704]" lastBlockId="10.[677,1210,1370,1459]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">
The reproductive system has a prostate one half as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="19F9DEDBDD60FF88FEEBFA15FEBDFA20" box="[297,382,1463,1489]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[114,125,1238,1255]" captionTargetBox="[125,1196,209,1209]" captionTargetId="figure-211@10.[99,1222,193,1232]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 8. — Polycera aurantiomarginata (MNHN); A, dorsal view of a dark coloured specimen alive); B, reproductive system; C, larger intergumentary spicules; D, smaller intergumentary spicules. Abbreviations: a, ampulla; d, deferent duct; f, female gland; g, gametolytic gland; p, prostate; s, seminal receptacle; v, vagina. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 100 µm; D, 8 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399011/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). The deferent duct has three folds and is two times longer than the vagina. The vagina is short, has no folds and is connected to the gametolytic gland. The gametolytic gland is almost as long as wide. It is also connect- ed in the distal region to the seminal receptacle by a narrow and convoluted duct. The seminal receptacle is one sixth times the size of the gametolytic gland and it is connected to the female gland by a narrow and short duct. The ampulla is almost as long as wide and it has no folds.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD60FF88FD67FA77FD28FA1E" blockId="10.[677,1210,1493,1704]" box="[677,747,1493,1519]" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD60FF88FD67FA77FD28FA1E" box="[677,747,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">Spawn</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD60FF89FD67FA57FF16FF14" blockId="10.[677,1210,1493,1704]" lastBlockId="11.[113,647,205,1704]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="10" pageNumber="25">The egg mass is spirally coiled, 0.6 mm in height. There are about 24 embryos occupying the whole height of the egg ribbon. The cream-coloured embryos are enclosed in a much larger capsule. There is only a single embryo per capsule. Capsule measured: 124-148 µm (mean: 136 µm). REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD61FF89FFB3FF4FFD86FD01" blockId="11.[113,647,205,1704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">
García-Gómez &amp; Bobo (1984) described
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD61FF89FDF6FF4FFD45FED4" authority="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo, 1984" authorityName="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo" authorityYear="1984" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD61FF89FDF6FF4FFEF6FED5" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Polycera aurantiomarginata</emphasis>
García-Gómez &amp; Bobo, 1984
</taxonomicName>
from the South of Spain, as having a black or dark grey background colour, less pigmented in the cephalic area. Yellow lines and yellow spots are present on the dorsum and on the sides. The spots close to the foot are orange to reddish. The veil has six appendages; frequently the two central appendages are orange and the rest is yellow. The basal and apical regions of the rhinophores are translucent whitish, exhibiting less coloration than the rest of the body. There is a black ring near the apex of the rhinophore. The branchial leaves are pigmented like the rhinophores except for the rachis that is yellow. The extrabranchial processes are hyaline white at the basal area, and vary from yellow to orange nearer the apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD61FF89FFB3FD54FEF7FC58" blockId="11.[113,647,205,1704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">
The darkest specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FE0BFD54FDD8FCE1" box="[457,539,758,784]" name="Angola" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
have the same colour pattern as the European animals. However, specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FE62FC91FE2CFCBC" box="[416,495,819,845]" name="Angola" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
show a great variability in the size and distribution of the patches of grey colour, which is entirely absent in several specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD61FF89FFB3FC0CFDA0FA01" blockId="11.[113,647,205,1704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">
On the other hand, both European and African specimens have numerous spicules that are identical in shape, but the spicules described by García-Gómez &amp; Bobo (1984) were 150 µm long rather than 10 µm long as in specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FFB3FBE5FF08FB90" box="[113,203,1095,1121]" name="Angola" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
. We have examined the
<typeStatus id="5E797CFCDD61FF89FE3BFBE5FDA7FB90" box="[505,612,1095,1121]" pageId="11" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD61FF89FFB3FBC7FE93FB8F" authorityName="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo" authorityYear="1984" box="[113,336,1125,1150]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD61FF89FFB3FBC7FE93FB8F" box="[113,336,1125,1150]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">P. aurantiomarginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has spicules with the same shape and size as the material from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FDF8FB27FD45FB6E" box="[570,646,1157,1183]" name="Angola" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
(10 µm long or smaller). There is another type of spicules that García-Gómez and Bobo did not describe. These are fewer in number but have a much larger size (up to 200 µm) and less variability in form. They are present in the
<typeStatus id="5E797CFCDD61FF89FE3AFABCFD94FAC9" box="[504,599,1310,1336]" pageId="11" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and in our material from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FE95FA9FFE64FAA6" box="[343,423,1341,1367]" name="Angola" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
. The radular formula is similar between European and African specimens, as is the radular teeth morphology. We observed no differences between the reproductive systems of García-Gómez &amp; Bobo’s (1989) original description and our material from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FDCDFA74FD9CFA01" box="[527,607,1494,1520]" name="Angola" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="817DC25EDD61FF89FFB3FA57FC4AFEF4" blockId="11.[113,647,205,1704]" lastBlockId="11.[677,1209,205,261]" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD61FF89FFB3FA57FE2FF9FE" authority="Ortea &amp; Rolan, 1989" authorityName="Ortea &amp; Rolan" authorityYear="1989" box="[113,492,1524,1551]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="xicoi">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD61FF89FFB3FA57FF38F9FC" box="[113,251,1524,1551]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Polycera xicoi</emphasis>
Ortea &amp; Rolán, 1989
</taxonomicName>
was described by Ortea &amp; Rolán (1989) from the
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FDC4F9B1FD45F9DC" box="[518,646,1555,1581]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
Islands. The radular morphology, external shape and coloration of this species are identical to that of
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD61FF89FF53F9CDFEBBF979" authorityName="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo" authorityYear="1984" box="[145,376,1647,1672]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD61FF89FF53F9CDFEBBF979" box="[145,376,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">P. aurantiomarginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including our material from
<collectingCountry id="F9D582CEDD61FF89FF73F92CFEC7F959" box="[177,260,1678,1704]" name="Angola" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">Angola</collectingCountry>
. Consequently, we think that this species must be considered as a synonym of
<emphasis id="B3B61E4CDD61FF89FD67FF4EFC4AFEF4" box="[677,905,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="46C2B9DDDD61FF89FD67FF4EFC46FEF4" authorityName="Garcia-Gomez &amp; Bobo" authorityYear="1984" box="[677,901,236,261]" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Polycera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantiomarginata">P. aurantiomarginata</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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