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<document id="28313B869AA3129C98B7EFC27696336D" ID-CLB-Dataset="29276" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4454.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bf8a3c92-77d6-425b-83ef-f1ab58df49db" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1446689" ID-ZooBank="923BFA38-A264-4E31-A606-10F7DE87B794" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538746913194" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chiu, Yung-Chieh, Shao, Kwang-Tsao, Huang, Shih-Pin &amp; Chen, Hong-Ming" docDate="2018" docId="03BA87D5FFAEFFAB63BDFF26FF2CFEBD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4454.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4454 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lamnostoma polyophthalmum" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" masterDocId="FF83FFADFFABFFAC632AFFB1FFC3FFD8" masterDocTitle="The freshwater snake eel genus Lamnostoma (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) in Taiwan, with description of a new species" updateTime="1702002136916" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="479499D1EEE390D4D9D9C07341557F6E">The freshwater snake eel genus Lamnostoma (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) in Taiwan, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D3910EF9BF08D19233C080F90AFEA5E8">Chiu, Yung-Chieh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D3957A7605A962FB8A227EA17EEAFC66">Shao, Kwang-Tsao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F99ABFEF889E88C42BCB0653547328E3">Huang, Shih-Pin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="55AADE8E96E05B5579FFE0C7E7C34974">Chen, Hong-Ming</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F3B3C7EB74055918806718E5D65BA538">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03BA87D5FFAEFFAB63BDFF26FF2CFEBD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5967659" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148639667" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5967659" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFAEFFAB63BDFF26FF2CFEBD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA87D5FFAEFFAB63BDFF26FF2CFEBD" lastPageId="7" pageId="5">
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFAEFFA963BDFF26FEFCFF0E" pageId="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFF26FD09FF6A" blockId="5.[151,714,151,283]" box="[151,714,151,178]" pageId="5">
<heading id="D0E481AFFFAEFFA963BDFF26FD09FF6A" bold="true" box="[151,714,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA963BDFF26FD09FF6A" ID-CoL="3S2FT" authority="(Bleeker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,714,151,178]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmum">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFF26FD09FF6A" bold="true" box="[151,714,151,178]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFF26FDCAFF69" bold="true" box="[151,521,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5">Lamnostoma polyophthalmum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA96132FF29FD01FF6A" box="[536,706,152,178]" pageId="5" refId="ref5307" refString="Bleeker, P. (1853) Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. Tiental V-X. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 4 (2), 243 - 302." type="journal article">Bleeker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFF0FFEFCFF0E" blockId="5.[151,714,151,283]" box="[151,319,190,214]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFF0FFEFCFF0E" bold="true" box="[151,319,190,214]" pageId="5">Øfflwmẘü</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFAEFFA963BDFF6EFDF1FEC3" pageId="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFF6EFDF6FF2F" blockId="5.[151,714,151,283]" box="[151,565,222,247]" pageId="5">Common name: Ocellated Snake Eel</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFEB3FDF1FEC3" blockId="5.[151,714,151,283]" box="[151,562,258,283]" pageId="5">
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFAEFFA963BDFEB3FE85FEC3" box="[151,326,258,283]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1838,1860]" captionTargetBox="[205,1373,625,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[257,1243,625,1562]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lamnostoma polyophthalmum (Bleeker, 1853), TOU-AE 7226, 209 mm TL. A. Lateral view of the whole body. B. Left view of head. C. Top view of head. Bar = 10 mm. Abbreviation: DFO, dorsal fin origin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446695/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Figures 3A3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFAEFFA9627BFEB2FE67FEC3" box="[337,420,259,283]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,868,890]" captionTargetBox="[286,1232,202,810]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[272,1295,498,814]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lamnostoma polyophthalmum (Bleeker, 1853), TOU-AE 7226, 209 mm TL. A. Lateral view of head showing the arrangement of cephalic pores. B. Illustration of dentition. Abbreviation: F, frontal pore; ST, supratemporal pores." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446697/files/figure.png" pageId="5">4A4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFAEFFA9629AFEB2FE10FEC2" box="[432,467,259,282]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1083,1105]" captionTargetBox="[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral view of head of three Lamnostoma species in this study. A. L. mindora. White spots forming a “Y”; B. L. polyophthalmum. Spots arranged in an arch, the two rows of spots not meeting posteriorly the lower very faint ventrally. C. L. taiwanense sp. nov. Lower spots on a series of hill-shaped papillae, all spots clearly defined." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446703/files/figure.png" pageId="5">7B</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6910378FFAEFFA962F5FEB3FDF1FEC3" box="[479,562,258,283]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[147,221,549,569]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (%) and counts for Lamnostoma species from Taiwan. Data source: a, specimens collected from Taiwan in this study; b, Chang &amp; Tsai, 2003; c, collected from Japan; d, data of holotype, BMNH1867.11.28.310; e, from Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998." pageId="5">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFEFBFEF5FEA7" blockId="5.[151,1436,330,569]" pageId="5">
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFAEFFA963BDFEFBFEF5FEA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265118" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Indonesia" location="Priaman" pageId="5" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA963BDFEFBFDB4FEB8" ID-CoL="6CBJ3" authority="Bleeker, 1853: 299" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityPageNumber="299" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,631,330,352]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Dalophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFEFBFE62FEB8" box="[151,417,330,352]" italics="true" pageId="5">Dalophis polyophthalmus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA96286FEFBFDB4FEB8" author="" box="[428,631,330,352]" page="299" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA96286FEFBFD81FEB8" box="[428,578,330,352]" pageId="5" refId="ref5307" refString="Bleeker, P. (1853) Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. Tiental V-X. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 4 (2), 243 - 302." type="journal article">Bleeker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
: 299
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
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:
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1867.11.28.310;
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFAEFFA960D7FEFAFBEAFEB8" box="[1021,1065,331,352]" pageId="5">type</typeStatus>
locality:
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,
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFAEFFA967D3FEFBFA9CFEB8" box="[1273,1375,330,352]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
; poor condition).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFE38FABBFE46" blockId="5.[151,1436,330,569]" box="[151,1400,392,414]" pageId="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0311EDFFAEFFA963BDFE38FABBFE46" box="[151,1400,392,414]" pageId="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA963BDFE38FDF4FE46" ID-CoL="5V2HG" authority="Kaup, 1856 a: 24" authorityName="Kaup" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,567,392,414]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Anguisurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFE38FE45FE46" box="[151,390,392,414]" italics="true" pageId="5">Anguisurus punctulatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA962A7FE38FDF4FE46" author="" box="[397,567,392,414]" page="24" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA962A7FE38FDD1FE46" box="[397,530,392,414]" pageId="5" refId="ref6405" refString="Kaup, J. J. (1856 a) Catalogue of the apodal fish in the collection of the British Museum, London, 163 pp." type="book">Kaup, 1856a</bibRefCitation>
: 24
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA96168FE38FD28FE46" author="" box="[578,747,392,414]" page="50" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA96168FE38FD0BFE46" box="[578,712,392,414]" pageId="5" refId="ref6433" refString="Kaup, J. J. (1856 b) Uebersicht der Aale. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 22 (1), 41 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 11240" type="journal article">Kaup, 1856b</bibRefCitation>
: 50
</treatmentCitation>
(syntype whereabouts unknown; type locality: Java, Indonesia).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFE17FC28FE64" blockId="5.[151,1436,330,569]" box="[151,1003,422,444]" pageId="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0311EDFFAEFFA963BDFE17FC28FE64" box="[151,1003,422,444]" pageId="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA963BDFE17FD4CFE64" authority="(Bleeker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,655,422,444]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Sphagebranchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFE17FE2BFE64" box="[151,488,422,444]" italics="true" pageId="5">Sphagebranchus polyophthalmus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA962DEFE17FD44FE64" box="[500,647,422,444]" pageId="5" refId="ref5307" refString="Bleeker, P. (1853) Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. Tiental V-X. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 4 (2), 243 - 302." type="journal article">Bleeker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
: Weber &amp; de
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA96033FE17FC24FE64" author="" box="[793,999,422,444]" page="320" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA96033FE17FC77FE64" box="[793,948,422,444]" pageId="5" refId="ref7526" refString="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, L. F. (1916) The fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. III. Ostariophysi: II Cyprinoidea, Apodes, Synbranchi. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 455 pp." type="book">Beaufort, 1916</bibRefCitation>
: 320
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFE77FBB3FE03" blockId="5.[151,1436,330,569]" box="[151,1136,453,475]" pageId="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0311EDFFAEFFA963BDFE77FBB3FE03" box="[151,1136,453,475]" pageId="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA963BDFE77FD90FE03" ID-CoL="3S2FP" authority="(McClelland, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="McClelland" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,595,453,475]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFE77FE42FE03" box="[151,385,453,475]" italics="true" pageId="5">Lamnostoma orientalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA962A4FE74FD88FE03" box="[398,587,453,475]" pageId="5" refId="ref6555" refString="McClelland, J. (1844) Apodal fishes of Bengal. Calcutta Journal of Natural History, 5 (18), 151 - 226." type="journal article">McClelland, 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA96176FE74FC5BFE03" author="" box="[604,920,453,475]" page="179" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA96176FE74FCABFE03" box="[604,872,453,475]" pageId="5" refId="ref6852" refString="McCosker, J. E. &amp; Castle, P. H. J. (1986) Family 42: Ophichthidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan South Africa, Johannesburg, pp. 176 - 186." type="book chapter">McCosker &amp; Castle, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 179
</treatmentCitation>
(not of McClelland).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFE54FE55FDC0" blockId="5.[151,1436,330,569]" pageId="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0311EDFFAEFFA963BDFE54FE55FDC0" pageId="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA963BDFE54FDBAFE22" ID-CoL="3S2FT" authority="(Bleeker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,633,484,506]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmum">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFE54FE0FFE22" box="[151,460,484,506]" italics="true" pageId="5">Lamnostoma polyophthalmum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA962F6FE55FDB2FE22" box="[476,625,484,506]" pageId="5" refId="ref5307" refString="Bleeker, P. (1853) Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. Tiental V-X. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 4 (2), 243 - 302." type="journal article">Bleeker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA961AFFE55FC03FE22" author="" box="[645,960,484,506]" page="22" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA961AFFE55FC5BFE22" box="[645,920,484,506]" pageId="5" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 22
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA960E7FE55FB0FFE22" author="" box="[973,1228,484,506]" page="76" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA960E7FE55FB60FE22" box="[973,1187,484,506]" pageId="5" refId="ref5498" refString="Chang, S. - T. &amp; Tsai, C. - F. (2003) Notes on the Mindoro snake eel Lamnostoma mindorum (Jordan and Richardson) (Ophichthidae: Pisces) in the Western Pacific. Endemic Species Research, 5 (2), 73 - 81." type="journal article">Chang &amp; Tsai, 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 76
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA967F3FE55FA54FE22" author="" box="[1241,1431,484,506]" page="44" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA967F3FE55FAACFE22" box="[1241,1391,484,506]" pageId="5" refId="ref6474" refString="Kottelat, M. (2013) The fishes of the inland waters of southeast Asia: a catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in fresh waters, mangroves and estuaries. The raffles bulletin of zoology, 27 (Supplement), 1 - 663." type="journal article">Kottelat, 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 44
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA963EDFDB3FE51FDC0" author="" box="[199,402,514,536]" page="269" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA963EDFDB3FE9CFDC0" box="[199,351,514,536]" pageId="5" refId="ref6024" refString="Hatooka, K. (2013) Ophichthidae. In: Nakabo, T. (Ed.), Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species. 3 rd Edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 266 - 277. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter">Hatooka, 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 269
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDFD95FC93FDE1" blockId="5.[151,1436,330,569]" box="[151,848,547,569]" pageId="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0311EDFFAEFFA963BDFD95FC93FDE1" box="[151,848,547,569]" pageId="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA963BDFD95FDA3FDE1" ID-CoL="3S2FS" authority="(Bleeker, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,608,547,569]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalma">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDFD95FE7BFDE1" box="[151,440,547,569]" italics="true" pageId="5">Lamnostoma polyophthalma</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA962EFFD92FD9BFDE1" box="[453,600,547,569]" pageId="5" refId="ref5307" refString="Bleeker, P. (1853) Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. Tiental V-X. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 4 (2), 243 - 302." type="journal article">Bleeker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFAEFFA96143FD92FC8FFDE1" author="" box="[617,844,547,569]" page="22" pageId="5">
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAEFFA96143FD92FCE5FDE1" box="[617,806,547,569]" pageId="5" refId="ref5867" refString="Fricke, R., Allen, G. R., Andrefouet, S., Chen W. - J., Hamel, M. A., Laboute, P., Mana, R., Tan, H. - H. &amp; Uyeno, D. (2014) Checklist of the marine and estuarine Fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records. Zootaxa, 3832 (1), 1 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3832.1.1" type="journal article">
Fricke
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA9619AFD95FD1EFDE1" box="[688,733,547,569]" italics="true" pageId="5">et al</emphasis>
., 2014
</bibRefCitation>
: 22
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFAEFFA963BDF89FFB83F8BB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446695/files/figure.png" pageId="5" startId="5.[151,250,1838,1860]" targetBox="[205,1373,625,1780]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAEFFA963BDF89FFB83F8BB" blockId="5.[151,1436,1838,1891]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA963BDF89FFED1F89C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1838,1860]" pageId="5">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAEFFA96232F881FD33F89C" ID-CoL="3S2FT" authority="(Bleeker, 1853)" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1853" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[280,752,1838,1861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmum">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAEFFA96232F881FD88F89C" box="[280,587,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="5">Lamnostoma polyophthalmum</emphasis>
(Bleeker, 1853)
</taxonomicName>
, TOU-AE 7226, 209 mm TL. A. Lateral view of the whole body. B. Left view of head. C. Top view of head. Bar = 10 mm. Abbreviation: DFO, dorsal fin origin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFADFFAA63BDFCD5FAD4FC41" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446697/files/figure.png" pageId="6" startId="6.[151,250,868,890]" targetBox="[286,1232,202,810]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63BDFCD5FAD4FC41" blockId="6.[151,1435,868,921]" pageId="6">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA63BDFCD5FED0FCA1" bold="true" box="[151,275,868,890]" pageId="6">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFADFFAA6233FCD4FD37FCA2" ID-CoL="3S2FT" authority="(Bleeker, 1853)" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1853" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[281,756,868,890]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmum">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA6233FCD4FD8EFCA2" box="[281,589,868,890]" italics="true" pageId="6">Lamnostoma polyophthalmum</emphasis>
(Bleeker, 1853)
</taxonomicName>
, TOU-AE 7226, 209 mm TL. A. Lateral view of head showing the arrangement of cephalic pores. B. Illustration of dentition. Abbreviation: F, frontal pore; ST, supratemporal pores.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63BDFC58FD91FBB6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFADFFAA63BDFC58FDBFFBFE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265115" collectionCode="TOU-AE" collectorName="C. Dai" location="Long-long River" pageId="6" specimenCode="TOU-AE 7226" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Taipei city">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA63BDFC58FE5BFBDA" bold="true" box="[151,408,1001,1026]" pageId="6">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBB59EB8FFADFFAA628BFC5BFD8AFBDA" box="[417,585,1001,1026]" collectionCode="TOU-AE" pageId="6">TOU-AE 7226</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFADFFAA6170FC5BFD78FBD9" box="[602,699,1002,1026]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.09" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="209.0">209 mm</quantity>
TL), sex unknown, downstream of
<location id="8ECC6018FFADFFAA677DFC58FAD4FBDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFAEFFAB63BDFF26FF2CFEBD:8ECC6018FFADFFAA677DFC58FAD4FBDA" box="[1111,1303,1001,1026]" name="Long-long River" pageId="6" stateProvince="New Taipei city">Long-long River</location>
, Gong-liao,
<collectingRegion id="49D7F821FFADFFAA63BDFBBFFE93FBFE" box="[151,336,1037,1062]" country="Taiwan" name="New Taipei" pageId="6">New Taipei city</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMethod id="52524ED4FFADFFAA6274FBBCFE0AFBFD" box="[350,457,1037,1062]" pageId="6">catch net</collectingMethod>
, coll. J.-
<collectorName id="26E65315FFADFFAA6106FBBFFDBFFBFE" box="[556,636,1037,1062]" pageId="6">C. Dai</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFADFFAA61A0FBBFFD91FBB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265114" collectingDate="2000-05-01" collectionCode="ASIZP" country="Japan" location="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="6" specimenCode="TOU-AE 7235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa prefecture">
<specimenCode id="DBB59EB8FFADFFAA61A0FBBFFCF7FBFE" box="[650,820,1037,1062]" pageId="6">TOU-AE 7235</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFADFFAA606FFBBFFC64FBFD" box="[837,935,1038,1062]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="304.0">304 mm</quantity>
TL), sex unknown, collected together with TOU-AE 7226.
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA6260FB80FE36FB92" bold="true" box="[330,501,1073,1098]" pageId="6">Other locality.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED02AE06FFADFFAA62D1FB83FD8AFB92" box="[507,585,1074,1098]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zgdx-i3kf" name="Academia Sinica Institute of Zoology, Ichthyology Collection" pageId="6">ASIZP</collectionCode>
0 0 62047 (
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFADFFAA6195FB80FCDEFB91" box="[703,797,1073,1098]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="415.0">415 mm</quantity>
TL), sex unknown,
<location id="8ECC6018FFADFFAA60D4FB80FB6EFB92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFAEFFAB63BDFF26FF2CFEBD:8ECC6018FFADFFAA60D4FB80FB6EFB92" box="[1022,1197,1073,1098]" country="Japan" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="6" stateProvince="Okinawa prefecture">Ryukyu Islands</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D7F821FFADFFAA6792FB80FA5BFB92" box="[1208,1432,1073,1098]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="6">Okinawa prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFADFFAA63BDFBE7FF19FBB5" box="[151,218,1110,1133]" name="Japan" pageId="6">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE9E9EBFFADFFAA63CFFBE7FEACFBB6" box="[229,367,1110,1134]" pageId="6" value="2000-05-01">
<date id="FFAD1003FFADFFAA63CFFBE7FEACFBB6" box="[229,367,1110,1134]" pageId="6" value="2000-05-01">1 May 2000</date>
</collectingDate>
, unknown collector.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFADFFAA63EDFBC8FB9EFB6E" pageId="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDFBC8FB9EFB6E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA63EDFBC8FE82FB4A" bold="true" box="[199,321,1145,1170]" pageId="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Gill opening ventral; ventral width between gill opening 6.56.9% HL; two POP; 3341 teeth on lower jaw; lateral white spots on head without hill-shaped papilla, very faint ventrally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFADFFAA63EDFB70FC10F899" pageId="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDFB70FAFCFAFD" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA63EDFB70FE9AFB02" bold="true" box="[199,345,1217,1242]" pageId="6">Description.</emphasis>
Head moderately slender cylindrical and uncompressed; snout sharp, pointed, not elongate; posterior margin of anterior nostril and the anterior edge of posterior nostril with a slim labial papilla obvious in lateral view, posterior a hole situated at the interspace between the 1
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFADFFAA60B8FAB9FC0FFAFD" box="[914,972,1288,1317]" pageId="6" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="and">st and</taxonomicName>
2nd IO pore; gill opening ventral.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDFA81FC46FA48" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">Body moderately elongated, tail shorter than head and trunk, vent placed behind midpoint of total length. HL 9.910.1% TL, TR 40.243.4% TL, Tail 45.349.8% TL; distance between dorsal fin origin and gill opening about 23.333.3% HL, ventral width between gill opening 6.56.9% HL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDFA2DFD77FA01" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">Teeth on both jaws uniserial and conical, comprising intermaxillary 5, maxillary 3641 on each of side, vomerine 1215, dentary 3341 on each of side.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDFA55FEF8F9F9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">Cephalic pores: SO 1 + 3, IO 4 + 2, POM 4 + 2, ST 3, F 1. Lateral-line pores: PGLL 8, PDLL 15, PALL 6566, TLL 127129.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDF99CFEEDF9B0" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">
MVF: 12.5-63-136.5. This species has the highest number of preanal vertebrae among species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFADFFAA63BDF9E0FEEBF9B0" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,296,1617,1640]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA63BDF9E0FEEBF9B0" box="[151,296,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="6">Lamnostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDF9C5FBABF920" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">
Coloration: Body dark dorsally, whitish to yellowish ventrally; patterns of white spots on lateral of head arranged in arch, 2 rows of spots not meeting, lower row very faint ventrally (
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFADFFAA60D1F929FBB3F969" box="[1019,1136,1688,1713]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1083,1105]" captionTargetBox="[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral view of head of three Lamnostoma species in this study. A. L. mindora. White spots forming a “Y”; B. L. polyophthalmum. Spots arranged in an arch, the two rows of spots not meeting posteriorly the lower very faint ventrally. C. L. taiwanense sp. nov. Lower spots on a series of hill-shaped papillae, all spots clearly defined." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446703/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Figure 7B</figureCitation>
), numerous white spots on head, each corresponding with a sensory pore, and extending posteriorly along lateral-line with another not associated with a pore spot above it for 45 lateral-line pores, not continuous past vent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDF8B5FC10F899" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">
All the morphological characters of specimens examined generally agree with the description in
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFADFFAA6634F8B5FE87F899" pageId="6" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino (1998)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFADFFAA6251F899FDABF899" box="[379,616,1832,1857]" pageId="6" refId="ref5498" refString="Chang, S. - T. &amp; Tsai, C. - F. (2003) Notes on the Mindoro snake eel Lamnostoma mindorum (Jordan and Richardson) (Ophichthidae: Pisces) in the Western Pacific. Endemic Species Research, 5 (2), 73 - 81." type="journal article">Chang &amp; Tsai (2003)</bibRefCitation>
except for larger eyes (
<tableCitation id="C6910378FFADFFAA6044F899FC01F899" box="[878,962,1832,1857]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[147,221,549,569]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (%) and counts for Lamnostoma species from Taiwan. Data source: a, specimens collected from Taiwan in this study; b, Chang &amp; Tsai, 2003; c, collected from Japan; d, data of holotype, BMNH1867.11.28.310; e, from Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998." pageId="6">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFADFFAA63EDF8FDFC72F851" pageId="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAA63EDF8FDFC72F851" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" pageId="6">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA63EDF8FDFEA3F8BD" bold="true" box="[199,352,1868,1893]" pageId="6">Distribution.</emphasis>
This species is known from
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFADFFAA6186F8FDFCDAF8BD" box="[684,793,1868,1893]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFADFFAA6003F8FDFC0FF8BD" box="[809,972,1868,1893]" pageId="6" refId="ref5307" refString="Bleeker, P. (1853) Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. Tiental V-X. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 4 (2), 243 - 302." type="journal article">Bleeker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFADFFAA60F3F8FCFBACF8BD" box="[985,1135,1868,1893]" pageId="6" refId="ref6433" refString="Kaup, J. J. (1856 b) Uebersicht der Aale. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 22 (1), 41 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 11240" type="journal article">Kaup, 1856b</bibRefCitation>
), Luzon in the
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFADFFAA6634F8FDFA5FF8BD" box="[1310,1436,1868,1893]" name="Philippines" pageId="6">Philippines</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFADFFAA63B4F8C0FEEAF851" box="[158,297,1904,1929]" pageId="6" refId="ref6157" refString="Herre, A. W. C. T. (1953) Check list of Philippine fishes. Research Report, Fish and Wildlife Service, 20, 1 - 977." type="journal article">Herre, 1953</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFADFFAA6217F8C0FEBEF850" box="[317,381,1905,1928]" name="Japan" pageId="6">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFADFFAA62A1F8C1FD70F851" box="[395,691,1904,1929]" pageId="6" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998</bibRefCitation>
) and northern
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFADFFAA607DF8C1FC6EF851" box="[855,941,1904,1929]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFADFFAB63EDF825FF2CFEBD" lastPageId="7" pageId="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFADFFAB63EDF825FF2CFEBD" blockId="6.[151,1437,1001,2037]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="7" pageId="6">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFADFFAA63EDF825FEF8F875" bold="true" box="[199,315,1940,1965]" pageId="6">Remarks.</emphasis>
Although the
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFADFFAA62CCF825FD8BF875" box="[486,584,1940,1965]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of this species is damaged, a careful examination was performed by Dr. Hibino and his morphological data provided herein. Additional morphological data obtained from other non-type specimens by Dr. McCosker (personal communication) and as reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFADFFAA60D4F86DFAFBF82D" box="[1022,1336,2012,2037]" pageId="6" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino (1998)</bibRefCitation>
are also presented. Based on this information
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFACFFAB616FFF28FC58FF68" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[581,923,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmum">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFACFFAB616FFF28FC58FF68" box="[581,923,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7">Lamnostoma polyophthalmum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFACFFAB6759FF28FF19FF0C" authority="(McClelland, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="McClelland" baseAuthorityYear="1844" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFACFFAB6759FF28FB3CFF68" box="[1139,1279,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7">L. orientalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFACFFAB6625FF26FF10FF0C" pageId="7" refId="ref6555" refString="McClelland, J. (1844) Apodal fishes of Bengal. Calcutta Journal of Natural History, 5 (18), 151 - 226." type="journal article">McClelland, 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but a
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFACFFAB620EFF0CFE97FF0D" box="[292,340,189,213]" pageId="7">type</typeStatus>
specimen and more adequate description of the later are still required.
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFACFFAB6746FF0DFA5FFF0C" box="[1132,1436,188,213]" pageId="7" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino (1998)</bibRefCitation>
indicated the distance between the dorsal fin origin and gill opening (DGW in this study) is the only difference to distinguish these two species, and they pointed out the
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFACFFAB6037FEB4FACDFEC5" authority="in McCosker &amp; Castle (1986)" authorityName="in McCosker &amp; Castle" authorityYear="1986" box="[797,1294,260,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFACFFAB6037FEB4FC69FEC4" box="[797,938,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7">L. orientalis</emphasis>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFACFFAB60FEFEB5FACDFEC5" box="[980,1294,260,285]" pageId="7" refId="ref6852" refString="McCosker, J. E. &amp; Castle, P. H. J. (1986) Family 42: Ophichthidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan South Africa, Johannesburg, pp. 176 - 186." type="book chapter">McCosker &amp; Castle (1986)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is the same species with
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFACFFAB6206FE98FDCBFE98" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[300,520,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmum">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFACFFAB6206FE98FDCBFE98" box="[300,520,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7">L. polyophthalmum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The two specimens listed above provide the first record from the species from
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFACFFAB63BDFEFDFF28FEBD" box="[151,235,332,357]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>