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<mods:title id="563D7F40F186C962E3EA531ADE24D876">The freshwater snake eel genus Lamnostoma (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) in Taiwan, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5967657" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148639670" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5967657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872" lastPageId="4" pageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFA9FFAE63BDFB7FFCDBFB30" blockId="2.[151,792,1230,1362]" box="[151,792,1230,1256]" pageId="2">
<heading id="D0E481AFFFA9FFAE63BDFB7FFCDBFB30" bold="true" box="[151,792,1230,1256]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63BDFB7FFCDBFB30" bold="true" box="[151,792,1230,1256]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFA9FFAE63BDFB7FFE61FB30" ID-CoL="3S2FN" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[151,418,1230,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63BDFB7FFE61FB30" bold="true" box="[151,418,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="2">Lamnostoma mindora</emphasis>
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE6298FB7FFCD3FB30" box="[434,784,1230,1256]" pageId="2" refId="ref6364" refString="Jordan, D. S. &amp; Richardson, R. E. (1908) Fishes from islands of the Philippine Archipelago, Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 27, 233 - 287. [for 1907]" type="journal article">Jordan &amp; Richardson, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE6399FB44FE98FAD5" bold="true" box="[179,347,1269,1293]" pageId="2">تwmẘü</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C3096548FFA9FFAE63BDFAA7FDF7FA8A" pageId="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFA9FFAE63BDFAA7FDE9FAF6" blockId="2.[151,792,1230,1362]" box="[151,554,1301,1326]" pageId="2">Common name: Mindora Snake Eel</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFA9FFAE63BDFA88FDF7FA8A" blockId="2.[151,792,1230,1362]" box="[151,564,1337,1362]" pageId="2">
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFA9FFAE63BDFA88FE86FA8A" box="[151,325,1337,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,260,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[396,1193,195,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1194,195,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lamnostoma mindora (Jordan and Richardson, 1908), TOU-AE 7087, 287 mm TL. A. Lateral view of the whole body. B. Left view of head. C. Top view of head. Bar = 10 mm. Abbreviation: DFO, dorsal fin origin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446691/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Figures 1A1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFA9FFAE627BFA8BFE67FA8A" box="[337,420,1338,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,871,893]" captionTargetBox="[294,1219,208,775]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[281,1271,195,505]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lamnostoma mindora (Jordan and Richardson, 1908), TOU-AE 7087, 287 mm TL. A. Lateral view of head showing the arrangement of cephalic pores. B. Illustration of dentition. Abbreviation: F, frontal pore; ST, supratemporal pores." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446693/files/figure.png" pageId="2">2A2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFA9FFAE629AFA8BFE16FA8A" box="[432,469,1338,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1083,1105]" captionTargetBox="[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral view of head of three Lamnostoma species in this study. A. L. mindora. White spots forming a “Y”; B. L. polyophthalmum. Spots arranged in an arch, the two rows of spots not meeting posteriorly the lower very faint ventrally. C. L. taiwanense sp. nov. Lower spots on a series of hill-shaped papillae, all spots clearly defined." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446703/files/figure.png" pageId="2">7A</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6910378FFA9FFAE62CBFA88FDF7FA8A" box="[481,564,1337,1362]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[147,221,549,569]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (%) and counts for Lamnostoma species from Taiwan. Data source: a, specimens collected from Taiwan in this study; b, Chang &amp; Tsai, 2003; c, collected from Japan; d, data of holotype, BMNH1867.11.28.310; e, from Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998." pageId="2">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFA9FFAE63BDFACAFE88FA49" ID-CoL="P8NJ" authorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,331,1403,1425]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Caecula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63BDFACAFE88FA49" box="[151,331,1403,1425]" italics="true" pageId="2">Caecula mindora</emphasis>
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: 239
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(holotype: CAS-SU 20209; type locality: Mindoro Island, Philippines);
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE63EDFA2BFE80FA77" box="[199,323,1433,1455]" pageId="2" refId="ref6119" refString="Herre, A. W. C. T. (1923) A review of the eels of the Philippine Archipelago. The Philippine Journal of Science, 23 (2), 123 - 236." type="journal article">Herre, 1923</bibRefCitation>
: 183
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFA9FFAE63BDFA09FE5FFA16" ID-CoL="4YT3W" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[151,412,1464,1486]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Sphagebranchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63BDFA09FE5FFA16" box="[151,412,1464,1486]" italics="true" pageId="2">Sphagebranchus mindora</emphasis>
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE6283FA09FD06FA16" box="[425,709,1464,1486]" pageId="2" refId="ref6364" refString="Jordan, D. S. &amp; Richardson, R. E. (1908) Fishes from islands of the Philippine Archipelago, Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 27, 233 - 287. [for 1907]" type="journal article">Jordan &amp; Richardson, 1908</bibRefCitation>
): Weber &amp; de
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE607CFA09FC31FA16" box="[854,1010,1464,1486]" pageId="2" refId="ref7526" refString="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, L. F. (1916) The fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. III. Ostariophysi: II Cyprinoidea, Apodes, Synbranchi. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 455 pp." type="book">Beaufort, 1916</bibRefCitation>
: 322
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFA9FFAE63BDFA69FEB5FA34" ID-CoL="3S2FN" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[151,374,1494,1517]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63BDFA69FEB5FA34" box="[151,374,1494,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2">Lamnostoma mindora</emphasis>
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(
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&amp; Richardson, 1908
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE6198FA67FC9EFA34" box="[690,861,1494,1516]" pageId="2" refId="ref6582" refString="McCosker, J. E. (1977) The Osteology, Classification, and Relationships of the Eel Family Ophichthidae. Proceeding of California Academy Sciences California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 41 (1), 1 - 123." type="journal article">McCosker, 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 69
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE60A4FA67FB4CFA34" box="[910,1167,1494,1516]" pageId="2" refId="ref7247" refString="Seret, B. &amp; Dingerkus, G. (1992) First record of the rare snake-eel Lamnostoma kampeni (Teleostei: Anguilliformes, Ophichthidae) from a river in northeastern New Caledonia. Cybium, 16 (2), 169 - 170." type="journal article">Séret &amp; Dingerkus, 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 169
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;
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: 75
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;
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: 15
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; McCosker, 2014: 339;
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Ho
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE618AFA47FD10F9D3" box="[672,723,1525,1547]" italics="true" pageId="2">et al.</emphasis>
, 2015
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: 168
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; Miesen
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE6089FA47FC13F9D3" box="[931,976,1525,1547]" italics="true" pageId="2">et al</emphasis>
., 2016: 81.
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFA9FFAE63BDF9A4FEBFF9F2" box="[151,380,1556,1578]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="midorum">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63BDF9A4FEBFF9F2" box="[151,380,1556,1578]" italics="true" pageId="2">Lamnostoma midorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE62A1F9A5FD68F9F2" box="[395,683,1556,1578]" pageId="2" refId="ref6364" refString="Jordan, D. S. &amp; Richardson, R. E. (1908) Fishes from islands of the Philippine Archipelago, Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 27, 233 - 287. [for 1907]" type="journal article">
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFA9FFAE62A1F9A5FE13F9F2" box="[395,464,1556,1578]" name="Jordan" pageId="2">Jordan</collectingCountry>
&amp; Richardson, 1908
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFA9FFAE6194F9A5FC0DF9F2" box="[702,974,1556,1578]" pageId="2" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 25
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: 77
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB210D2FFA9FFAE662DF9A5FEE1F991" author="" page="51" pageId="2">
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: 51
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, 52, 54, 55.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFA9FFAE63BDF9DFFDBDF8B8" blockId="2.[151,1436,1646,2031]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63BDF9DFFE5BF95F" bold="true" box="[151,408,1646,1671]" pageId="2">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
TOU-AE 7087 (
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFA9FFAE6170F9DEFD79F95F" box="[602,698,1647,1671]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="287.0">287 mm</quantity>
TL), sex unknown, Xiu-gu-luan River, eastern of Taiwan, 2008;
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFA9FFAE63BDF922FE3EF908" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265112" collectingDate="1999-10-05" collectionCode="ASIZP" collectorName="L. Huang" country="Taiwan" location="Hua-lien River" municipality="Hua-lien county" pageId="2" specimenCode="ASIZP 62051" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCode id="DBB59EB8FFA9FFAE63BDF922FEF1F973" box="[151,306,1682,1707]" collectionCode="ASIZP" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zgdx-i3kf" name="Academia Sinica Institute of Zoology, Ichthyology Collection" pageId="2">ASIZP 62051</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFA9FFAE626BF923FE1AF972" box="[321,473,1682,1707]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6149999999999998" metricValueMax="2.7199999999999998" metricValueMin="2.5100000000000002" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="261.5" valueMax="272.0" valueMin="251.0">251272 mm</quantity>
TL),
<specimenCount id="9D15FD4AFFA9FFAE6130F922FD65F973" box="[538,678,1682,1707]" pageId="2" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
, sex unknown,
<location id="8ECC6018FFA9FFAE607CF923FBC3F973" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872:8ECC6018FFA9FFAE607CF923FBC3F973" box="[854,1024,1682,1707]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Hua-lien county" name="Hua-lien River" pageId="2">Hua-lien River</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC8ACB9FFA9FFAE6721F923FB01F973" box="[1035,1218,1682,1707]" pageId="2">Hua-lien county</collectingMunicipality>
, eastern of
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFA9FFAE6669F923FA5BF973" box="[1347,1432,1682,1707]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE9E9EBFFA9FFAE63BDF907FEE6F917" box="[151,293,1718,1743]" pageId="2" value="1999-10-05">
<date id="FFAD1003FFA9FFAE63BDF907FEE6F917" box="[151,293,1718,1743]" pageId="2" value="1999-10-05">5 Oct. 1999</date>
</collectingDate>
, coll. J.-
<collectorName id="26E65315FFA9FFAE62A1F909FE3EF908" box="[395,509,1720,1744]" pageId="2">L. Huang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFA9FFAE6127F906FD2DF92A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265117" collectingDate="2008-01-10" collectionCode="ASIZP" collectorName="C Ho" country="Taiwan" location="Yi-lang county" pageId="2" specimenCode="ASIZP 75026" specimenCount="5">
<specimenCode id="DBB59EB8FFA9FFAE6127F906FD68F917" box="[525,683,1718,1743]" collectionCode="ASIZP" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zgdx-i3kf" name="Academia Sinica Institute of Zoology, Ichthyology Collection" pageId="2">ASIZP 75026</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFA9FFAE6194F906FC9AF917" box="[702,857,1719,1743]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="4.279999999999999" metricValueMin="1.8199999999999998" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="305.0" valueMax="428.0" valueMin="182.0">182428 mm</quantity>
TL),
<specimenCount id="9D15FD4AFFA9FFAE608BF907FBF1F917" box="[929,1074,1718,1743]" pageId="2" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
, sex unknown,
<location id="8ECC6018FFA9FFAE67C6F907FA5BF908" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872:8ECC6018FFA9FFAE67C6F907FA5BF908" box="[1260,1432,1718,1744]" country="Taiwan" name="Yi-lang county" pageId="2">Yi-lang county</location>
, northeastern of
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFA9FFAE6261F96BFE63F92B" box="[331,416,1754,1779]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE9E9EBFFA9FFAE6287F96AFD81F92B" box="[429,578,1755,1779]" pageId="2" value="2008-01-10">
<date id="FFAD1003FFA9FFAE6287F96AFD81F92B" box="[429,578,1755,1779]" pageId="2" value="2008-01-10">10 Jan. 2008</date>
</collectingDate>
, coll. H.-
<collectorName id="26E65315FFA9FFAE6186F96AFD2DF92A" box="[684,750,1755,1779]" pageId="2">C Ho</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFA9FFAE61D6F96AFD72F8C0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265110" collectingDate="2009-07-01" collectionCode="ASIZP" collectorName="P. Huang" country="Taiwan" location="Mei-lun River" pageId="2" specimenCode="ASIZP 80724" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB59EB8FFA9FFAE61D6F96AFC5AF92B" box="[764,921,1755,1779]" collectionCode="ASIZP" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zgdx-i3kf" name="Academia Sinica Institute of Zoology, Ichthyology Collection" pageId="2">ASIZP 80724</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFA9FFAE6080F96AFBC9F92A" box="[938,1034,1755,1779]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="312.0">312 mm</quantity>
TL), sex unknown,
<location id="8ECC6018FFA9FFAE67DFF96BFA5BF92B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872:8ECC6018FFA9FFAE67DFF96BFA5BF92B" box="[1269,1432,1754,1779]" country="Taiwan" name="Mei-lun River" pageId="2">Mei-lun River</location>
, eastern of
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFA9FFAE6220F94FFE9CF8CF" box="[266,351,1790,1815]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE9E9EBFFA9FFAE6240F94EFE24F8CF" box="[362,487,1790,1815]" pageId="2" value="2009-07-01">
<date id="FFAD1003FFA9FFAE6240F94EFE24F8CF" box="[362,487,1790,1815]" pageId="2" value="2009-07-01">1 Jul. 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
, coll. S.-
<collectorName id="26E65315FFA9FFAE616CF94EFD72F8C0" box="[582,689,1791,1816]" pageId="2">P. Huang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFA9FFAE6191F94EFD9CF8E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265116" collectingDate="2009-07-01" collectionCode="ASIZP" collectorName="P. Huang" country="Taiwan" location="Mei-lun River" pageId="2" specimenCode="ASIZP 80725" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB59EB8FFA9FFAE6191F94EFC95F8CF" box="[699,854,1790,1815]" collectionCode="ASIZP" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zgdx-i3kf" name="Academia Sinica Institute of Zoology, Ichthyology Collection" pageId="2">ASIZP 80725</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFA9FFAE604EF94FFC01F8CF" box="[868,962,1790,1815]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="266.0">266 mm</quantity>
TL), sex unknown,
<location id="8ECC6018FFA9FFAE6788F94FFA80F8CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872:8ECC6018FFA9FFAE6788F94FFA80F8CF" box="[1186,1347,1790,1815]" country="Taiwan" name="Mei-lun River" pageId="2">Mei-lun River</location>
, eastern of
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFA9FFAE639FF893FEC9F8E3" box="[181,266,1826,1851]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE9E9EBFFA9FFAE623FF892FE57F8E3" box="[277,404,1826,1851]" pageId="2" value="2009-07-01">
<date id="FFAD1003FFA9FFAE623FF892FE57F8E3" box="[277,404,1826,1851]" pageId="2" value="2009-07-01">1 Jul. 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
, coll. S.-
<collectorName id="26E65315FFA9FFAE62DEF892FD9CF8E3" box="[500,607,1827,1851]" pageId="2">P. Huang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3C9EFFA9FFAE6141F892FDBDF8B8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265113" collectingDate="2005-12-14" collectionCode="ASIZP" collectorName="P. Huang." country="Taiwan" location="Lin-bien River" pageId="2" specimenCode="ASIZP 80726" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB59EB8FFA9FFAE6141F892FCC5F8E3" box="[619,774,1826,1851]" collectionCode="ASIZP" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zgdx-i3kf" name="Academia Sinica Institute of Zoology, Ichthyology Collection" pageId="2">ASIZP 80726</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CEB9B26FFA9FFAE603FF892FCB0F8E2" box="[789,883,1827,1851]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.19" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="319.0">319 mm</quantity>
TL), sex unknown,
<location id="8ECC6018FFA9FFAE677CF893FB3EF8E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87D5FFA9FFA863BDFB7FFB03F872:8ECC6018FFA9FFAE677CF893FB3EF8E3" box="[1110,1277,1826,1851]" country="Taiwan" name="Lin-bien River" pageId="2">Lin-bien River</location>
, southwestern of
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFA9FFAE639FF8F7FEC9F887" box="[181,266,1862,1887]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE9E9EBFFA9FFAE623FF8F6FE6DF887" box="[277,430,1862,1887]" pageId="2" value="2005-12-14">
<date id="FFAD1003FFA9FFAE623FF8F6FE6DF887" box="[277,430,1862,1887]" pageId="2" value="2005-12-14">14 Dec. 2005</date>
</collectingDate>
, coll. S.-
<collectorName id="26E65315FFA9FFAE6124F8F6FDBDF8B8" box="[526,638,1863,1888]" pageId="2">P. Huang.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFA9FFAE63EDF8DBFCB4F837" pageId="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFA9FFAE63EDF8DBFCB4F837" blockId="2.[151,1436,1646,2031]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA9FFAE63EDF8DBFE82F85B" bold="true" box="[199,321,1898,1923]" pageId="2">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Eye situated about 1/3 length of upper jaw from snout tip; 2 preopercular pores; gill opening lateral, without anterior duplicate gill membrane; distance between dorsal-fin origin and upper margin of gill opening 10.526.5% HL; no papilla on both of nostrils; 2 rows of white spots on lateral side of head meeting above gill opening and becoming single row posteriorly, and forming a “Y”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFA8FFAF63BDF820FABDF816" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446691/files/figure.png" pageId="3" startId="3.[151,260,1937,1962]" targetBox="[396,1193,195,1919]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFA8FFAF63BDF820FABDF816" blockId="3.[151,1436,1937,1998]" pageId="3">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA8FFAF63BDF820FEE3F872" bold="true" box="[151,288,1937,1962]" pageId="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFA8FFAF620CF823FDDFF871" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[294,540,1937,1961]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFA8FFAF620CF823FDDFF871" box="[294,540,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="3">Lamnostoma mindora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Jordan and Richardson, 1908), TOU-AE 7087, 287 mm TL. A. Lateral view of the whole body. B. Left view of head. C. Top view of head. Bar = 10 mm. Abbreviation: DFO, dorsal fin origin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6C664BFFAFFFA863BDFCD6FA5BFC43" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446693/files/figure.png" pageId="4" startId="4.[151,250,871,893]" targetBox="[294,1219,208,775]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863BDFCD6FA5BFC43" blockId="4.[151,1436,871,923]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA863BDFCD6FED5FCA4" bold="true" box="[151,278,871,893]" pageId="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA8620AFCD9FDC0FCA5" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[288,515,871,893]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA8620AFCD9FDC0FCA5" box="[288,515,871,893]" italics="true" pageId="4">Lamnostoma mindora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Jordan and Richardson, 1908), TOU-AE 7087, 287 mm TL. A. Lateral view of head showing the arrangement of cephalic pores. B. Illustration of dentition. Abbreviation: F, frontal pore; ST, supratemporal pores.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFAFFFA863EDFC72FE0FFA77" pageId="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDFC72FDCEFBFC" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA863EDFC72FE9AFC04" bold="true" box="[199,345,963,988]" pageId="4">Description.</emphasis>
Head moderately slender, slightly flat dorsally after the eyes; snout relatively blunt at tip; eye placed near 1/3 of upper jaw length from the tip of snout; no papilla on both of nostrils; gill opening lateral without anterior duplicate gill membrane.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDFB9FFE54FB57" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">Body moderately elongated; tail longer than head and trunk, vent situated before the midpoint of total length; HL 11.312.8% TL, TR 33.036.3% TL, Tail 51.956.1% TL; distance between dorsal fin origin and gill opening about 17.726.5% HL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDFB2AFE12FB0F" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">Teeth on jaws uniserial and conical, comprising intermaxillary 5, maxillary 3746 on each side, vomerine 79, dentary 3235 on each side.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDFB52FE4CFAC7" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">Cephalic pores: SO 1 + 3, IO 4 + 2, POM 4 + 2, ST 3, F 1. Lateral-line pores: PGLL 10, PDLL 1315, PALL 5766, TLL 128135.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDFA9DFC16FA9C" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" box="[199,981,1323,1348]" pageId="4">MVF: 14-59.1-146.7 (n = 11). PDV 1316, PAV 5461, TV 141150.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDFAFFFE0FFA77" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">
Coloration in 75% EtOH dark dorsally, yellowish to brownish on belly, all fins pale; all sensoring pores black. Two rows of white spots on lateral side of head meeting above gill opening and becoming single row posteriorly, forming a “Y” (
<figureCitation id="13282A46FFAFFFA8626DFA27FE7CFA77" box="[327,447,1430,1455]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1083,1105]" captionTargetBox="[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[359,1225,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral view of head of three Lamnostoma species in this study. A. L. mindora. White spots forming a “Y”; B. L. polyophthalmum. Spots arranged in an arch, the two rows of spots not meeting posteriorly the lower very faint ventrally. C. L. taiwanense sp. nov. Lower spots on a series of hill-shaped papillae, all spots clearly defined." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446703/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Figure 7A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFAFFFA863EDFA0AFC6DFA2F" pageId="4" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDFA0AFC6DFA2F" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA863EDFA0AFEA3FA0C" bold="true" box="[199,352,1467,1492]" pageId="4">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFAFFFA86245FA0AFE2EFA0C" box="[367,493,1467,1492]" name="Philippines" pageId="4">Philippines</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFAFFFA8612EFA0AFDF5FA0B" box="[516,566,1467,1491]" pageId="4">type</typeStatus>
locality),
<collectingRegion id="49D7F821FFAFFFA86193FA0DFD2DFA0B" box="[697,750,1468,1491]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="4">Java</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFAFFFA8602BFA0AFCADFA0C" box="[769,878,1467,1492]" name="Indonesia" pageId="4">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA860AFFA0AFBF0FA0B" box="[901,1075,1467,1492]" pageId="4" refId="ref6474" refString="Kottelat, M. (2013) The fishes of the inland waters of southeast Asia: a catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in fresh waters, mangroves and estuaries. The raffles bulletin of zoology, 27 (Supplement), 1 - 663." type="journal article">Kottelat, 2013</bibRefCitation>
), eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFAFFFA86784FA0AFAC3FA0C" box="[1198,1280,1467,1492]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA8663CFA0AFEF9FA2F" pageId="4" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998</bibRefCitation>
) and southwestern
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFAFFFA86139FA6FFDA6FA2F" box="[531,613,1502,1527]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA8615EFA6FFC99FA2F" box="[628,858,1502,1527]" pageId="4" refId="ref5498" refString="Chang, S. - T. &amp; Tsai, C. - F. (2003) Notes on the Mindoro snake eel Lamnostoma mindorum (Jordan and Richardson) (Ophichthidae: Pisces) in the Western Pacific. Endemic Species Research, 5 (2), 73 - 81." type="journal article">Chang &amp; Tsai, 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA8604FFA6EFC61FA2F" box="[869,930,1503,1527]" pageId="4" refId="ref5552" refString="Chang, S. - T. &amp; Tsai, C. - F. (2004) The Mindora snake eel Lamnostoma mindora (Jordan and Richardson) of the Hsiukuluan River in the Eastern Taiwan. Endemic Species Research, 6 (1), 51 - 55." type="journal article">2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096548FFAFFFA863EDF9B2FB03F872" pageId="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDF9B2FA81F92E" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA863EDF9B2FEF8F9C4" bold="true" box="[199,315,1539,1564]" pageId="4">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species has the longest tail relative to total length among species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA8662EF9B5FA56F9C3" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1856" box="[1284,1429,1540,1563]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA8662EF9B5FA56F9C3" box="[1284,1429,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="4">Lamnostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both nostrils lacking a flap, the posterior nostril is placed between the 2nd and 3rd IO pore and has the appearance of an inverted triangle in lateral view; its snout is moderately elongate. The morphological characters described above generally agree with the description in
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA8617DF9C0FC4EF952" box="[599,909,1649,1674]" pageId="4" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino (1998)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA860E2F9C0FB79F952" box="[968,1210,1649,1674]" pageId="4" refId="ref5498" refString="Chang, S. - T. &amp; Tsai, C. - F. (2003) Notes on the Mindoro snake eel Lamnostoma mindorum (Jordan and Richardson) (Ophichthidae: Pisces) in the Western Pacific. Endemic Species Research, 5 (2), 73 - 81." type="journal article">Chang &amp; Tsai (2003)</bibRefCitation>
(
<tableCitation id="C6910378FFAFFFA867E1F9C0FAE3F952" box="[1227,1312,1649,1674]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[147,221,549,569]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (%) and counts for Lamnostoma species from Taiwan. Data source: a, specimens collected from Taiwan in this study; b, Chang &amp; Tsai, 2003; c, collected from Japan; d, data of holotype, BMNH1867.11.28.310; e, from Hatooka &amp; Yoshino, 1998." pageId="4">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The first Taiwanese record of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA862ABF926FDBBF976" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[385,632,1686,1710]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA862ABF926FDBBF976" box="[385,632,1686,1710]" italics="true" pageId="4">Lamnostoma mindora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was mentioned in
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA86066F924FBBEF976" box="[844,1149,1685,1710]" pageId="4" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino (1998)</bibRefCitation>
and based on a specimen collected from the Xiu-gu-luan River in eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFAFFFA86198F908FCCBF90A" box="[690,776,1721,1746]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. Subsequently, this species was also found in southwestern
<collectingCountry id="F3047653FFAFFFA863BDF96CFF2AF92E" box="[151,233,1757,1782]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA863DDF96CFE1EF92E" box="[247,477,1757,1782]" pageId="4" refId="ref5498" refString="Chang, S. - T. &amp; Tsai, C. - F. (2003) Notes on the Mindoro snake eel Lamnostoma mindorum (Jordan and Richardson) (Ophichthidae: Pisces) in the Western Pacific. Endemic Species Research, 5 (2), 73 - 81." type="journal article">Chang &amp; Tsai, 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA862C2F96FFDE7F92E" box="[488,548,1758,1782]" pageId="4" refId="ref5552" refString="Chang, S. - T. &amp; Tsai, C. - F. (2004) The Mindora snake eel Lamnostoma mindora (Jordan and Richardson) of the Hsiukuluan River in the Eastern Taiwan. Endemic Species Research, 6 (1), 51 - 55." type="journal article">2004</bibRefCitation>
), all specimens having been collected from downstream parts of rivers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36C3FFAFFFA863EDF8B0FB03F872" blockId="4.[151,1437,963,1962]" pageId="4">
McCosker (personal communication) suggested that
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA86003F8B3FBE0F8C2" baseAuthorityName="Weber &amp; de Beaufort" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[809,1059,1794,1818]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kampeni">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA86003F8B3FBE0F8C2" box="[809,1059,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="4">Lamnostoma kampeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA866AFF8B3FF35F8E6" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA866AFF8B3FF35F8E6" italics="true" pageId="4">L. mindora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on its morphometric composition, which is within the range of individual variation. The
<typeStatus id="54A88861FFAFFFA86610F894FA5FF8E6" box="[1338,1436,1829,1854]" pageId="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen of another nominal species,
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA86140F8FBFD19F8BA" baseAuthorityName="Herre" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[618,730,1866,1890]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taylori">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA86140F8FBFD19F8BA" box="[618,730,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="4">L. taylori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was destroyed during WWII.
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA8677EF8F8FA5FF8BA" box="[1108,1436,1865,1890]" pageId="4" refId="ref6074" refString="Hatooka, K. &amp; Yoshino, T. (1998) Two rare ophichthid species of the genus Lamnostoma (Pisces: Anguilliforms) from the Western Pacific. Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 52, 21 - 30." type="journal article">Hatooka &amp; Yoshino (1998)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA86230F8DEFE46F85E" baseAuthorityName="Herre" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[282,389,1902,1926]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taylori">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA86230F8DEFE46F85E" box="[282,389,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="4">L. taylori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA861EDF8DEFC85F85E" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[711,838,1902,1926]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA861EDF8DEFC85F85E" box="[711,838,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="4">L. mindora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the key presented in
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B32FFAFFFA86799F8DEFA8AF85E" box="[1203,1353,1902,1926]" pageId="4" refId="ref6119" refString="Herre, A. W. C. T. (1923) A review of the eels of the Philippine Archipelago. The Philippine Journal of Science, 23 (2), 123 - 236." type="journal article">Herre (1923)</bibRefCitation>
, which differ slightly in body depth (2530 times in TL in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA861FEF823FC92F872" baseAuthorityName="Jordan &amp; Richardson" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[724,849,1938,1962]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindora">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA861FEF823FC92F872" box="[724,849,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4">L. mindora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. about 18 times in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D40FFAFFFA8676DF823FB73F872" baseAuthorityName="Herre" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1095,1200,1938,1962]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Lamnostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taylori">
<emphasis id="B967EAD1FFAFFFA8676DF823FB73F872" box="[1095,1200,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="4">L. taylori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>