treatments-xml/data/03/E6/87/03E687BEFF92517AFDEDFB555249FA31.xml

<document id="AC368DDD8136D7790D4A402B98F14CC2" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2010.520825" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212382" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629210298908" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ameziane, Nadia &amp; Roux, Michel" docDate="2010" docId="03E687BEFF92517AFDEDFB555249FA31" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.45.3-4.137-170.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 45 (3 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2010.520825" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Feracrinus koslowi Ameziane &amp; Roux 2010, sp. nov" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="159" masterDocId="FFDFFFC6FF97516DFFF4FFD5511BFF10" masterDocTitle="Stalked crinoids from Tasmanian seamounts. Part 1: Hyocrinidae" masterLastPageNumber="170" masterPageNumber="137" pageNumber="141" updateTime="1699064464999" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="FF45F3AEE25FDA223330D9B9A66BDC59">Stalked crinoids from Tasmanian seamounts. Part 1: Hyocrinidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FAF5F0CE239082A304749B9D9A1DBB09">Roux, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C1172FC3DF5F3B04402CA18E5E618F66">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E2228ED48BA6DF7F1D7D842F8B0BF89D">3 - 4</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C3556523FF925168FDEDFB555234FBC7" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF925168FDEDFB55522CFB87" blockId="5.[537,823,1151,1176]" box="[537,823,1151,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
<heading id="D0B881C4FF925168FDEDFB55522CFB87" box="[537,823,1151,1176]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" reason="7">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF925168FDEDFB55522CFB87" bold="true" box="[537,823,1151,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF925168FDEDFB5553FEFB88" ID-CoL="8G8VJ" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[537,741,1152,1176]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF925168FDEDFB5553FEFB88" bold="true" box="[537,741,1152,1176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF925168FD19FBAA522CFB87" box="[749,823,1151,1175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF925168FF21FB6A5234FBC7" blockId="5.[213,815,1215,1239]" box="[213,815,1215,1239]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF925168FF21FB6A50BFFBC7" box="[213,420,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Analchalypsicrinus</emphasis>
sp. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF925168FE24FB6A5230FBC7" author="Ameziane N &amp; Roux M" box="[464,811,1215,1239]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" pagination="131" refId="ref12134" refString="Ameziane N, Roux M. 2001. Echinoderm 2000, Balkema: Rotterdam, NL: M. Bake. The Seamount crinoid fauna off southern Tasmania (preliminary results), p. 131." type="book chapter" year="2001">Améziane and Roux, 2001:131</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3556523FF92517AFF21FAFC5249FA31" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF925168FF21FAFC5056FA51" blockId="5.[213,333,1321,1345]" box="[213,333,1321,1345]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF925168FF21FAFC5056FA51" box="[213,333,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF925168FF21FA85552AFA98" blockId="5.[213,1170,1360,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
<materialsCitation id="3B273CF5FF925168FF21FA855537FA98" collectionCode="CSIRO" country="Australia" location="Tasmania" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tasmania">
This species is named for Anthony Koslow (
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE6DFF925168FD03FA855256FA78" box="[759,845,1360,1384]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0k2v-y6wz" name="Australian National Fish Collection" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="Museum">CSIRO</collectionCode>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3587638FF925168FC94FA8552D2FA78" box="[864,969,1360,1384]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Australia</collectingCountry>
) who conducted investigations on the benthic fauna of the seamounts off southern 
<collectingRegion id="498BF84AFF925168FC4FFAA55537FA98" box="[955,1068,1392,1416]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF925168FF21FA6C502CFAC1" blockId="5.[213,311,1465,1489]" box="[213,311,1465,1489]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF925168FF21FA6C502CFAC1" box="[213,311,1465,1489]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF925168FF21FA345248F988" blockId="5.[213,1170,1505,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
<materialsCitation id="3B273CF5FF925168FF21FA345254F988" collectionCode="V" collectorName="During &amp; Tasmanian &amp; Hill D &amp; Hill &amp; Hill W &amp; The" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="26BA537EFF925168FF21FA34503CFAE9" box="[213,295,1505,1529]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">During</collectorName>
the 1997 cruise which investigated 
<collectorName id="26BA537EFF925168FD36FA345225FAE9" box="[706,830,1505,1529]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Tasmanian</collectorName>
seamount fauna, 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF925168FBE4FA345014F909" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
were collected, one on 
<collectorName id="26BA537EFF925168FDEEF9D4537CF909" box="[538,615,1537,1561]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Hill D</collectorName>
1, six on 
<collectorName id="26BA537EFF925168FD3EF9D453EEF909" box="[714,757,1537,1561]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Hill</collectorName>
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE6DFF925168FD09F9D7520BF909" box="[765,784,1538,1561]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
and one on 
<collectorName id="26BA537EFF925168FC6BF9D452F7F909" box="[927,1004,1537,1561]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Hill W</collectorName>
(
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF925168FC0FF9D45555F909" box="[1019,1102,1537,1561]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[213,268,158,180]" captionText="Table 1. Location of specimens of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. collected during the 1997 Tasmanian seamounts investigation." pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Table 1</tableCitation>
). 
<collectorName id="26BA537EFF925168FB92F9D45589F909" box="[1126,1170,1537,1561]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">The</collectorName>
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF925168FF21F9F4509DF929" box="[213,390,1569,1593]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
with stalk and crown from station 69 are designated as the type-series because they demonstrate an ontogenetic sequence. 
<collectorName id="26BA537EFF925168FCEEF994525DF949" box="[794,838,1601,1625]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">The</collectorName>
larger specimen is designated as the 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF925168FEEFF9B5509AF968" box="[283,385,1632,1656]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Measurements of main morphological parameters are given in 
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF925168FBB6F9B5558AF968" box="[1090,1169,1632,1656]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="12.[58,113,676,698]" captionText="Table 2. Variation of the main morphological parameters in Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Table 2</tableCitation>
for the 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF925168FED2F95550DDF988" box="[294,454,1664,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
which have their crowns preserved
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF91516BFF64FB2B5384FA5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" startId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" targetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF91516BFF64FB2B5384FA5F" blockId="6.[144,1101,1278,1359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
Figure 2. Type series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF91516BFE6EFB2A534EFA05" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[410,597,1279,1301]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF91516BFE6EFB2A534EFA05" box="[410,597,1279,1301]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF91516BFD95FB2A53A9FA04" box="[609,690,1279,1300]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF91516BFF64FA4F51E7FAA1" blockId="6.[144,252,1434,1457]" box="[144,252,1434,1457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF91516BFF64FA4F51E7FAA1" box="[144,252,1434,1457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF915164FF64FA1450D7F91E" blockId="6.[144,1101,1473,1689]" lastBlockId="9.[213,1170,1462,1550]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
A species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF91516BFEEEFA175096FAC9" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[282,397,1474,1497]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF91516BFEEEFA175096FAC9" box="[282,397,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Feracrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with relatively narrow arm bases (ratio of upper radial width to Br1 width 1.8 to 2.7). Brachial width decreasing progressively from proximal to distal arm. Brachial pairs and isolated brachials without conspicuous constriction midway between muscular articulations. Ornamentation variable, brachial without wing-like lateral projections. Beyond Br4, first brachial with two muscular articulations usually from Br11 to Br15, rarely at Br7 or 9, series of more than two successive muscular articulations appearing usually between Br16 and Br26, very rarely before Br11. Proximal part of genital pinnules with fragile H-shaped plates or only one row of lateral plates on each side. Tegmen never inflated with conspicuous bridges between oral cone and arm, up to 15 tegminal plates per inter-radius, orals well developed, anal cone lower or slightly higher than oral cone. Ratio of height to maximum diameter of aboral cup 1.0 to 1.2, ratio of cup height to radial height 1.3 to 1.8, ratio of upper radial ring diameter to upper basal ring diameter 1.26 to 1.47. Basal fused or basal ring with one to three sutures. Proximalmost stalk diameter up to 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF90516AFBC0F9945594F948" box="[1076,1167,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
. Juvenile columnal symplexies with six or seven crenular units composed of one short crenula each. In larger specimens, columnal symplexies with 7 to 10 crenular units of two or three crenulae; beyond minimum stalk diameter, symplexies with regular radial crenulae becoming irregular more distally; typical syzygies with labyrinthic concentric pattern in distal stalk.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF90516AFF21FB015230FA51" blockId="7.[213,1170,1236,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
Figure 3. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF90516AFEC9FB0050EEFBFA" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[317,501,1236,1258]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF90516AFEC9FB0050EEFBFA" box="[317,501,1236,1258]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF90516AFE09FB015357FBF9" box="[509,588,1236,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, pinnules. (A) Proximal part of genital pinnule, lateral-oral side, (B) smooth regenerated pinnule, (C) proximal cover plates of A, (D) detail of A, (E) cross-section through A. ac, aboral coelomic canal; cv, cover plate; g, gonad; lp, lateral plate; p, pinnular. Scale bars: A, B, E, 1 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF306620FF9F5165FF64FA4C51E6F934" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212390" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212390/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="144" startId="8.[144,211,1433,1455]" targetBox="[142,1102,159,1400]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9F5165FF64FA4C51E6F934" blockId="8.[144,1101,1433,1572]" pageId="8" pageNumber="144">
Figure 4. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF9F5165FF0CFA4F50B4FABF" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[248,431,1433,1455]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="144" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9F5165FF0CFA4F50B4FABF" box="[248,431,1433,1455]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="144">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF9F5165FE43FA4F531DFABF" box="[439,518,1434,1455]" pageId="8" pageNumber="144" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, arm articulations. (A) Arm fragment with successive muscular articulations, (B) proximal facet of brachial with two muscular articulations, (C) distal facet of B, (D) oblique lateral view of C, (E) oral side of proximal brachial, (F) synostosial facet of fifth pinnular. ch, bevelled oral side; ps, pinnule socket. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF306620FF9E5164FF21FAFB5319FA8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="145" startId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" targetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9E5164FF21FAFB5319FA8C" blockId="9.[213,1170,1326,1436]" pageId="9" pageNumber="145">
Figure 5. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF9E5164FEC8FAFA50E9FA55" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[316,498,1327,1349]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="9" pageNumber="145" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9E5164FEC8FAFA50E9FA55" box="[316,498,1327,1349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="145">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF9E5164FE0DFAFA535CFA54" box="[505,583,1327,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="145" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9E5164FF21F98C5027F961" blockId="9.[213,316,1625,1649]" box="[213,316,1625,1649]" pageId="9" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9E5164FF21F98C5027F961" box="[213,316,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="145">
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF9E5164FF21F98C5027F961" box="[213,316,1625,1649]" pageId="9" pageNumber="145" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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Museum 
<collectingRegion id="498BF84AFF9E5164FECAF9555082F988" box="[318,409,1664,1688]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="9" pageNumber="145">Victoria</collectingRegion>
registration number: MV F171341. Robust specimen relatively complete (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9E5164FED4F97550DAF9A8" box="[288,449,1696,1720]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[142,1102,160,1246]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. (A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="145">Figure 2A, B</figureCitation>
), only middle and distal parts of two arms and distal stalk lacking. Arms with dense pinnulation infested by myzostomids; arm width progressively decreasing from proximal (4.0 mm) to distal (3.0 mm at Br20) parts, brachials without wing-like lateral projections; brachial pairs united by synostosis and brachials with two muscular articulations without conspicuous constriction midway between their muscular articulations. Proximal arm pattern always 1+2 3 4 5+6 7+8 9+10 with first pinnule on Br4, beyond Br4 succession of brachial pairs interrupted by successive muscular articulations from Br11, Br13 or Br15, number of successive muscular articulations increasing distally up to five, and more than six on one arm (
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF9C5166FF29F9F4502AF929" box="[221,305,1569,1593]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="13.[213,268,158,180]" captionText="Table 3. Variation in arm pattern and stalk symplexies with ontogeny in the type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="11" pageNumber="147">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF9D5167FF64FA81529CFAB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="146" startId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" targetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9D5167FF64FA81529CFAB4" blockId="10.[144,1101,1364,1444]" pageId="10" pageNumber="146">
Figure 6. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF9D5167FF03FA8050B6FA7A" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[247,429,1364,1386]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="10" pageNumber="146" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9D5167FF03FA8050B6FA7A" box="[247,429,1364,1386]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="146">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF9D5167FE40FA805319FA7A" box="[436,514,1365,1386]" pageId="10" pageNumber="146" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF306620FF9C5166FF21FA9953EFFA8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212398/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="147" startId="11.[213,280,1356,1378]" targetBox="[212,1171,160,1321]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9C5166FF21FA9953EFFA8C" blockId="11.[213,1171,1356,1436]" pageId="11" pageNumber="147">
Figure 7. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF9C5166FEC9FA9850E8FA72" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[317,499,1356,1378]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="11" pageNumber="147" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9C5166FEC9FA9850E8FA72" box="[317,499,1356,1378]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="147">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF9C5166FE0EFA99535DFA71" box="[506,582,1356,1377]" pageId="11" pageNumber="147" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from stations 23 and 67. (A–C) Specimen from station 67, (D–F) specimen from station 23, (A, D) theca and crown, (B, E) oral cone, (C, F) anal cone. Scale bars: A, D, 20 mm; B, 15 mm; B, C, E, F, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9C5161FEF4F994533AFB20" blockId="11.[213,1170,1505,1688]" lastBlockId="12.[58,1492,963,1101]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="11" pageNumber="147">
Tegmen not inflated. Anal tube conical, height 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF9C5166FCEFF994526FF948" box="[795,884,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
, slightly higher than oral cone, anal plates progressively decreasing in size from base to top (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9C5166FC27F9B55551F968" box="[979,1098,1632,1656]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[142,1102,160,1246]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. (A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="147">Figure 2E</figureCitation>
). Oral cone well developed with finger-like projections irregularly placed; fewer than 15 Notes: Larm, arm length; Lpi, pinnule length; Npi, number of pinnules on each arm side; Wb, first primibrachial width; Wr, upper radial width; Dc, maximum upper diameter of aboral cup; Drb, diameter at radial/basal suture; Hc, height of aboral cup; Hr, radial height; Dp, proximalmost stalk diameter; Dm, minimum stalk diameter; Spec., specimen; HOL, 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF9B5161FC50FC28551BFB03" box="[932,1024,1021,1043]" pageId="12" pageNumber="148" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; PA, 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF9B5161FBCDFC285589FB03" box="[1081,1170,1021,1043]" pageId="12" pageNumber="148" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
A; PB, 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF9B5161FB1CFC28545AFB03" box="[1256,1345,1021,1043]" pageId="12" pageNumber="148" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
B; 23 and 67, station number where the specimen comes from.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF9B5161FFCEFD7152B2FDAA" box="[58,937,676,698]" pageId="12" pageNumber="148" startId="12.[58,113,676,698]">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9B5161FFCEFD7152B2FDAA" blockId="12.[58,937,676,698]" box="[58,937,676,698]" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
Table 2. Variation of the main morphological parameters in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF9B5161FD6BFD71524DFDAA" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[671,854,676,698]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="148" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9B5161FD6BFD71524DFDAA" box="[671,854,676,698]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF9B5161FCA9FD7152B2FDAA" box="[861,937,676,698]" pageId="12" pageNumber="148" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9B5161FFCEFD0854D7FCB3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<table id="F94FC408FF9BAE92FFCEFD0854CAFCB3" box="[58,1489,733,931]" gridcols="16" gridrows="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<tr id="357F34EAFF9BAE92FFCEFD0854CAFDE3" box="[58,1489,733,755]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FFCEFD08516BFDE3" box="[58,112,733,755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Spec.</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF68FD0851C3FDE3" box="[156,216,733,755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Larm</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF0DFD08502FFDE3" box="[249,308,733,755]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Lpi</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FEAFFD08509CFDE3" box="[347,391,733,755]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Npi</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FE4AFD0850F8FDE3" box="[446,483,733,755]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Wb</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FDE3FD08535AFDE3" box="[535,577,733,755]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Wr</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD91FD0853AEFDE3" box="[613,693,733,755]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Wr/Wb</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD25FD0853E0FDE3" box="[721,763,733,755]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Dc</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FCD9FD08524CFDE3" box="[813,855,733,755]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Drb</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC8FFD0852D4FDE3" box="[891,975,733,755]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Dc/Drb</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC13FD08550AFDE3" box="[999,1041,733,755]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Hc</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FBB7FD085576FDE3" box="[1091,1133,733,755]" gridcol="11" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Hr</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB66FD0855C3FDE3" box="[1170,1240,733,755]" gridcol="12" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Hc/Hr</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB1AFD08542EFDE3" box="[1262,1333,733,755]" gridcol="13" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Hc/Dc</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FAAAFD085464FDE3" box="[1374,1407,733,755]" gridcol="14" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Dp</th>
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FA5EFD0854CAFDE3" box="[1450,1489,733,755]" gridcol="15" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Dm</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357F34EAFF9BAE92FFCEFCCD54CAFC3E" box="[58,1489,792,814]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FFCEFCCD516BFC3E" box="[58,112,792,814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">PA</th>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF68FCCD51C3FC3E" box="[156,216,792,814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">24.3</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF0DFCCD502FFC3E" box="[249,308,792,814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">9.2</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FEAFFCCD509CFC3E" box="[347,391,792,814]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">8</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FE4AFCCD50F8FC3E" box="[446,483,792,814]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.4</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FDE3FCCD535AFC3E" box="[535,577,792,814]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">2.5</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD91FCCD53AEFC3E" box="[613,693,792,814]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.79</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD25FCCD53E0FC3E" box="[721,763,792,814]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">4.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FCD9FCCD524CFC3E" box="[813,855,792,814]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC8FFCCD52D4FC3E" box="[891,975,792,814]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.27</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC13FCCD550AFC3E" box="[999,1041,792,814]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">5.6</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FBB7FCCD5576FC3E" box="[1091,1133,792,814]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.6</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB66FCCD55C3FC3E" box="[1170,1240,792,814]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.56</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB1AFCCD542EFC3E" box="[1262,1333,792,814]" gridcol="13" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.19</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FAAAFCCD5464FC3E" box="[1374,1407,792,814]" gridcol="14" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.6</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FA5EFCCD54CAFC3E" box="[1450,1489,792,814]" gridcol="15" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357F34EAFF9BAE92FFCEFCE054CAFC5B" box="[58,1489,821,843]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FFCEFCE0516BFC5B" box="[58,112,821,843]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">23</th>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF68FCE051C3FC5B" box="[156,216,821,843]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">&gt;60.0</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF0DFCE0502FFC5B" box="[249,308,821,843]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">25</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FEAFFCE0509CFC5B" box="[347,391,821,843]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">–</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FE4AFCE050F8FC5B" box="[446,483,821,843]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.1</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FDE3FCE0535AFC5B" box="[535,577,821,843]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">7.2</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD91FCE053AEFC5B" box="[613,693,821,843]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">2.33</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD25FCE053E0FC5B" box="[721,763,821,843]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">11.6</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FCD9FCE0524CFC5B" box="[813,855,821,843]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">8.6</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC8FFCE052D4FC5B" box="[891,975,821,843]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.35</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC13FCE0550AFC5B" box="[999,1041,821,843]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">11.9</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FBB7FCE05576FC5B" box="[1091,1133,821,843]" gridcol="11" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">8.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB66FCE055C3FC5B" box="[1170,1240,821,843]" gridcol="12" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.37</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB1AFCE0542EFC5B" box="[1262,1333,821,843]" gridcol="13" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.03</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FAAAFCE05464FC5B" box="[1374,1407,821,843]" gridcol="14" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.1</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FA5EFCE054CAFC5B" box="[1450,1489,821,843]" gridcol="15" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357F34EAFF9BAE92FFCEFC8754CAFC78" box="[58,1489,850,872]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FFCEFC87516BFC78" box="[58,112,850,872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">67</th>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF68FC8751C3FC78" box="[156,216,850,872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">51.0</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF0DFC87502FFC78" box="[249,308,850,872]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">30.5</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FEAFFC87509CFC78" box="[347,391,850,872]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">20</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FE4AFC8750F8FC78" box="[446,483,850,872]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.1</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FDE3FC87535AFC78" box="[535,577,850,872]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">7.5</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD91FC8753AEFC78" box="[613,693,850,872]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">2.43</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD25FC8753E0FC78" box="[721,763,850,872]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">11.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FCD9FC87524CFC78" box="[813,855,850,872]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">8.0</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC8FFC8752D4FC78" box="[891,975,850,872]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.46</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC13FC87550AFC78" box="[999,1041,850,872]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">11.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FBB7FC875576FC78" box="[1091,1133,850,872]" gridcol="11" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">6.6</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB66FC8755C3FC78" box="[1170,1240,850,872]" gridcol="12" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.77</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB1AFC87542EFC78" box="[1262,1333,850,872]" gridcol="13" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.00</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FAAAFC875464FC78" box="[1374,1407,850,872]" gridcol="14" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.4</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FA5EFC8754CAFC78" box="[1450,1489,850,872]" gridcol="15" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357F34EAFF9BAE92FFCEFCBA54CAFC96" box="[58,1489,879,902]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FFCEFCBA516BFC96" box="[58,112,879,902]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">PB</th>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF68FCBA51C3FC96" box="[156,216,879,902]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">65.5</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF0DFCBA502FFC96" box="[249,308,879,902]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">&gt;28</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FEAFFCBA509CFC96" box="[347,391,879,902]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">22</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FE4AFCBA50F8FC96" box="[446,483,879,902]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">2.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FDE3FCBA535AFC96" box="[535,577,879,902]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">7.3</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD91FCBA53AEFC96" box="[613,693,879,902]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">2.67</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD25FCBA53E0FC96" box="[721,763,879,902]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">12.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FCD9FCBA524CFC96" box="[813,855,879,902]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">10.1</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC8FFCBA52D4FC96" box="[891,975,879,902]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.26</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC13FCBA550AFC96" box="[999,1041,879,902]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">13.7</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FBB7FCBA5576FC96" box="[1091,1133,879,902]" gridcol="11" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">7.9</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB66FCBA55C3FC96" box="[1170,1240,879,902]" gridcol="12" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.73</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB1AFCBA542EFC96" box="[1262,1333,879,902]" gridcol="13" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.08</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FAAAFCBA5464FC96" box="[1374,1407,879,902]" gridcol="14" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.4</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FA5EFCBA54CAFC96" box="[1450,1489,879,902]" gridcol="15" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357F34EAFF9BAE92FFCEFC5854CAFCB3" box="[58,1489,909,931]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">
<th id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FFCEFC58516BFCB3" box="[58,112,909,931]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">HOL</th>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF68FC5851C3FCB3" box="[156,216,909,931]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">&gt;74.0</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FF0DFC58502FFCB3" box="[249,308,909,931]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">&gt;45</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FEAFFC58509CFCB3" box="[347,391,909,931]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">&gt;25</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FE4AFC5850F8FCB3" box="[446,483,909,931]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">4.0</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FDE3FC58535AFCB3" box="[535,577,909,931]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">10.1</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD91FC5853AEFCB3" box="[613,693,909,931]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">2.52</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FD25FC5853E0FCB3" box="[721,763,909,931]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">20.0</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FCD9FC58524CFCB3" box="[813,855,909,931]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">13.6</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC8FFC5852D4FCB3" box="[891,975,909,931]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.47</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FC13FC58550AFCB3" box="[999,1041,909,931]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">22.1</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FBB7FC585576FCB3" box="[1091,1133,909,931]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">14.1</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB66FC5855C3FCB3" box="[1170,1240,909,931]" gridcol="12" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.57</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FB1AFC58542EFCB3" box="[1262,1333,909,931]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">1.11</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FAAAFC585464FCB3" box="[1374,1407,909,931]" gridcol="14" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">5.2</td>
<td id="76AE5D96FF9BAE92FA5EFC5854CAFCB3" box="[1450,1489,909,931]" gridcol="15" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">3.2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9B5161FFCEFBE25086FB5D" blockId="12.[58,1492,963,1101]" box="[58,413,1079,1101]" pageId="12" pageNumber="148">Values are in mm, except for ratios.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF9A5160FF21FF4B50C4FFC2" pageId="13" pageNumber="149" startId="13.[213,268,158,180]">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FF4B50C4FFC2" blockId="13.[213,1170,158,210]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
Table 3. Variation in arm pattern and stalk symplexies with ontogeny in the type series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF9A5160FF21FF685097FFC2" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[213,396,188,210]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="149" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FF21FF685097FFC2" box="[213,396,188,210]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF9A5160FE67FF6850C4FFC2" box="[403,479,189,210]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FF20523FFE1B" blockId="13.[213,1166,245,414]" box="[213,804,245,267]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FF21FF2050BEFE1B" bold="true" box="[213,421,245,267]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
St 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF9A5160FF06FF205071FE1B" box="[242,362,245,267]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149" type="generic" typeStatus="Paratype">69 Paratype</specimenCount>
A Dp
</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FE30FF205316FE1B" bold="true" box="[452,525,245,267]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">1.6 Dm</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDD8FF20523FFE1B" bold="true" box="[556,804,245,267]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">0.86 Crenular units: 6 (1)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FEC752DAFE38" blockId="13.[213,1166,245,414]" box="[213,961,274,297]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FEC7503FFE38" bold="true" box="[262,292,274,296]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDACFEC7536BFE38" bold="true" box="[600,624,274,296]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">15</emphasis>
16+17 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD4BFEC753CCFE38" bold="true" box="[703,727,274,296]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">18</emphasis>
19+20 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FCD1FEC75240FE38" bold="true" box="[805,859,274,296]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">21 22</emphasis>
23+24 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC5DFEC752DAFE38" bold="true" box="[937,961,274,296]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">25</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FEE552DAFE56" blockId="13.[213,1166,245,414]" box="[213,961,304,326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FEE5503FFE56" bold="true" box="[262,292,304,326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDACFEE5536BFE56" bold="true" box="[600,624,304,326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">15</emphasis>
16+17 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD4BFEE553CCFE56" bold="true" box="[703,727,304,326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">18</emphasis>
19+20 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FCD1FEE55240FE56" bold="true" box="[805,859,304,326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">21 22</emphasis>
23+24 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC5DFEE552DAFE56" bold="true" box="[937,961,304,326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">25</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FE9853A6FE90" blockId="13.[213,1166,245,414]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FE98503FFE73" bold="true" box="[262,292,333,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDACFE98536BFE73" bold="true" box="[600,624,333,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">15</emphasis>
16+17 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD4BFE9853CCFE73" bold="true" box="[703,727,333,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">18</emphasis>
19+20 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FCD1FE985226FE73" bold="true" box="[805,829,333,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">21</emphasis>
22+23 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC7FFE9852C4FE73" bold="true" box="[907,991,333,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">24 25 26</emphasis>
27+28 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FBD9FE98555EFE73" bold="true" box="[1069,1093,333,355]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">29</emphasis>
30+31 1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FEBF503FFE90" bold="true" box="[262,292,362,384]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDACFEBF536BFE90" bold="true" box="[600,624,362,384]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">15</emphasis>
broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FE525384FE8D" blockId="13.[213,1166,245,414]" box="[213,671,391,414]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FE52503FFE8D" bold="true" box="[262,292,391,413]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FE7952A3FED2" blockId="13.[213,1093,428,597]" box="[213,952,428,451]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FF21FE7950BFFED2" bold="true" box="[213,420,428,450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
St 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF9A5160FF06FE795071FED2" box="[242,362,428,450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149" type="generic" typeStatus="Paratype">69 Paratype</specimenCount>
B Dp
</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FE37FE795317FED2" bold="true" box="[451,524,428,450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3.4 Dm</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDDFFE7952A3FED2" bold="true" box="[555,952,428,450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">2.2 Crenular units: 7 (1–2) to 9–10 (2–3)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FE1F52E6FEF0" blockId="13.[213,1093,428,597]" box="[213,1021,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FE1F503FFEF0" bold="true" box="[262,292,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FE7FFE1F508CFEF0" bold="true" box="[395,407,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">9</emphasis>
10+11 12+13 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDDAFE1F535DFEF0" bold="true" box="[558,582,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">14</emphasis>
15+16 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD60FE1F53B7FEF0" bold="true" box="[660,684,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">17</emphasis>
18+17 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD0EFE1F5209FEF0" bold="true" box="[762,786,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">20</emphasis>
21+22 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC95FE1F5262FEF0" bold="true" box="[865,889,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">23</emphasis>
24+25 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC33FE1F52E6FEF0" bold="true" box="[967,1021,458,480]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">26 27</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FE3252DAFEED" blockId="13.[213,1093,428,597]" box="[213,961,487,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FE32503FFEED" bold="true" box="[262,292,487,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDE4FE325333FEED" bold="true" box="[528,552,487,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">13</emphasis>
14+15 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD82FE325395FEED" bold="true" box="[630,654,487,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">16</emphasis>
17+18 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD28FE3253EFFEED" bold="true" box="[732,756,487,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">19</emphasis>
20+21 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FCB7FE325240FEED" bold="true" box="[835,859,487,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">22</emphasis>
23+24 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC5DFE3252DAFEED" bold="true" box="[937,961,487,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">25</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FDD1555EFD0A" blockId="13.[213,1093,428,597]" box="[213,1093,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FDD1503FFD0A" bold="true" box="[262,292,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDE4FDD15333FD0A" bold="true" box="[528,552,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">13</emphasis>
14+15 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD82FDD15395FD0A" bold="true" box="[630,654,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">16</emphasis>
17+18 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD28FDD153EFFD0A" bold="true" box="[732,756,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">19</emphasis>
20+21 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FCB7FDD15240FD0A" bold="true" box="[835,859,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">22</emphasis>
23+24 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC5DFDD152C4FD0A" bold="true" box="[937,991,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">25 26</emphasis>
27+28 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FBD9FDD1555EFD0A" bold="true" box="[1069,1093,516,538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">29</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FDF453C0FD27" blockId="13.[213,1093,428,597]" box="[213,731,545,568]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FDF4503FFD27" bold="true" box="[262,292,545,567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDE4FDF45333FD27" bold="true" box="[528,552,545,567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">13</emphasis>
14+15 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD82FDF45395FD27" bold="true" box="[630,654,545,567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">16</emphasis>
broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FDEA50C9FD45" blockId="13.[213,1093,428,597]" box="[213,466,575,597]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FDEA503FFD45" bold="true" box="[262,292,575,597]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FDB1529BFD6A" blockId="13.[213,1167,612,780]" box="[213,896,612,634]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FF21FDB1508BFD6A" bold="true" box="[213,400,612,634]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
St 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF9A5160FF06FDB15077FD6A" box="[242,364,612,634]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149" type="generic" typeStatus="Holotype">69 Holotype</specimenCount>
Dp
</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FE5BFDB150E3FD6A" bold="true" box="[431,504,612,634]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">5.2 Dm</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDE3FDB1529BFD6A" bold="true" box="[535,896,612,634]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3.2 Crenular units: 7 (1–2) to 9 (3–4)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FD54520CFD87" blockId="13.[213,1167,612,780]" box="[213,791,641,663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FD54503FFD87" bold="true" box="[262,292,641,663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FE33FD5450C4FD87" bold="true" box="[455,479,641,663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">11</emphasis>
12+13 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDDAFD54535DFD87" bold="true" box="[558,582,641,663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">14</emphasis>
15+16 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD60FD5453B7FD87" bold="true" box="[660,684,641,663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">17</emphasis>
18 broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FD4B5528FDC1" blockId="13.[213,1167,612,780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FD4B503FFDA4" bold="true" box="[262,292,670,692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDE4FD4B5333FDA4" bold="true" box="[528,552,670,692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">13</emphasis>
14+15 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD82FD4B53B7FDA4" bold="true" box="[630,684,670,692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">16 17</emphasis>
18+19 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD0EFD4B522BFDA4" bold="true" box="[762,816,670,692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">20 21</emphasis>
22+23 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC8BFD4B52AFFDA4" bold="true" box="[895,948,670,692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">24 25</emphasis>
26+27 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FBF7FD4B5545FDA4" bold="true" box="[1027,1118,670,692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">28... 31</emphasis>
32+ 1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FD6E503FFDC1" bold="true" box="[262,292,699,721]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDE4FD6E5333FDC1" bold="true" box="[528,552,699,721]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">13</emphasis>
14+15 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD82FD6E53B7FDC1" bold="true" box="[630,684,699,721]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">16 17</emphasis>
18+19 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD0EFD6E522BFDC1" bold="true" box="[762,816,699,721]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">20 21</emphasis>
22+23 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC8BFD6E5528FDC1" bold="true" box="[895,1075,699,721]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">24 25 26 27 28...</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FD0C5515FDFF" blockId="13.[213,1167,612,780]" box="[213,1038,729,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FD0C503FFDFF" bold="true" box="[262,292,729,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDE4FD0C5333FDFF" bold="true" box="[528,552,729,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">13</emphasis>
14+15 16+17 18+19 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FCF3FD0C5226FDFF" bold="true" box="[775,829,729,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">20 21</emphasis>
22+23 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC7FFD0C52DAFDFF" bold="true" box="[907,961,729,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">24 25</emphasis>
broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FD235592FC1C" blockId="13.[213,1167,612,780]" box="[213,1161,758,780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FEF2FD23503FFC1C" bold="true" box="[262,292,758,780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FDACFD235395FC1C" bold="true" box="[600,654,758,780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">15 16</emphasis>
17+18 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FD28FD235209FC1C" bold="true" box="[732,786,758,780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">19 20</emphasis>
21+22 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC95FD23528CFC1C" bold="true" box="[865,919,758,780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">23 24</emphasis>
25+26 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF9A5160FC11FD23555BFC1C" bold="true" box="[997,1088,758,780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">27... 30</emphasis>
31+32
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FCF852B0FC52" blockId="13.[213,1169,812,921]" box="[213,939,812,834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Notes: Dp, proximalmost stalk diameter; Dm, minimum stalk diameter.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FC9C539EFC89" blockId="13.[213,1169,812,921]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Values in mm; number underlined indicates the brachial bearing the first pinnule, bold numbers in arm pattern indicate brachials with two muscular articulations, numbers between parentheses give number of crenulae per crenular units.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5160FF21FBD152B7FBAA" blockId="13.[213,1170,1027,1688]" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
convex tegminal plates per inter-radius clearly distinct from granulated small plates covering ambulacral bridges (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FDDEFBF653B9FB2B" box="[554,674,1059,1083]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[142,1102,160,1246]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. (A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 2F</figureCitation>
). Aboral cup curved and about as wide as high (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FEE3FB9750B4FB4A" box="[279,431,1090,1114]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[142,1102,160,1246]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. (A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 2A, B</figureCitation>
), height of radial ring along inter-radial suture from 12.7 to 15.0 mm, height of basal ring from 9.3 to 7.0 mm, diameter at base of basal ring 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF9A5160FBC8FBB75589FB6A" box="[1084,1170,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
(other measurements see 
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF9A5160FE08FB57534FFB8A" box="[508,596,1154,1178]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="12.[58,113,676,698]" captionText="Table 2. Variation of the main morphological parameters in Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Table 2</tableCitation>
), narrow proximal arm insertion preserving wide inter-radial space, basal ring showing two inconspicuous sutures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF9A5163FEF4FB175084FFCE" blockId="13.[213,1170,1027,1688]" lastBlockId="14.[144,1101,166,668]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">
Oral face of arms, pinnules and bridges supporting ambulacral grooves from orals to brachials covered by numerous thorns or granules; proximal pinnules with lateral finger-like projections (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FE2CFAD75368FA0A" box="[472,627,1282,1306]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[142,1102,160,1246]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. (A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figures 2E, F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FD8AFAD753BFFA0A" box="[638,676,1282,1306]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[213,280,1236,1258]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-5@7.[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, pinnules. (A) Proximal part of genital pinnule, lateral-oral side, (B) smooth regenerated pinnule, (C) proximal cover plates of A, (D) detail of A, (E) cross-section through A. ac, aboral coelomic canal; cv, cover plate; g, gonad; lp, lateral plate; p, pinnular. Scale bars: A, B, E, 1 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212388/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">3A</figureCitation>
). Proximal part of genital pinnules with one row of lateral plates on each side; lateral plates with thorns usually in pairs partially fused; one line of thorns bearing on pinnules and one line on lateral plates on each side of a pinnule (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FE9FFAB45319FA69" box="[363,514,1377,1401]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[213,280,1236,1258]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-5@7.[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, pinnules. (A) Proximal part of genital pinnule, lateral-oral side, (B) smooth regenerated pinnule, (C) proximal cover plates of A, (D) detail of A, (E) cross-section through A. ac, aboral coelomic canal; cv, cover plate; g, gonad; lp, lateral plate; p, pinnular. Scale bars: A, B, E, 1 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212388/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 3A, E</figureCitation>
); proximal cover plates concave with variable sharp terminal projections (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FE7DFA545304FA89" box="[393,543,1409,1433]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[213,280,1236,1258]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-5@7.[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, pinnules. (A) Proximal part of genital pinnule, lateral-oral side, (B) smooth regenerated pinnule, (C) proximal cover plates of A, (D) detail of A, (E) cross-section through A. ac, aboral coelomic canal; cv, cover plate; g, gonad; lp, lateral plate; p, pinnular. Scale bars: A, B, E, 1 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212388/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 3C, D</figureCitation>
) forming a crowded scalloped row covering food groove from proximalmost pinnule to arm. Stereome bridge uniting two opposite lateral plates in a single H-shaped ossicle very fragile or absent (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FC85FA1452F2FAC9" box="[881,1001,1473,1497]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[213,280,1236,1258]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-5@7.[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, pinnules. (A) Proximal part of genital pinnule, lateral-oral side, (B) smooth regenerated pinnule, (C) proximal cover plates of A, (D) detail of A, (E) cross-section through A. ac, aboral coelomic canal; cv, cover plate; g, gonad; lp, lateral plate; p, pinnular. Scale bars: A, B, E, 1 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212388/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 3E</figureCitation>
). Several genital pinnules partially or completely regenerated, regenerated pinnules smooth without ornamentation (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FE7AF9D4531FF909" box="[398,516,1537,1561]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[213,280,1236,1258]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-5@7.[211,1171,160,1202]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, pinnules. (A) Proximal part of genital pinnule, lateral-oral side, (B) smooth regenerated pinnule, (C) proximal cover plates of A, (D) detail of A, (E) cross-section through A. ac, aboral coelomic canal; cv, cover plate; g, gonad; lp, lateral plate; p, pinnular. Scale bars: A, B, E, 1 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212388/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 3B</figureCitation>
). Brachials without ornamentation on aboral and lateral sides (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FEE8F9F450ADF929" box="[284,438,1569,1593]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[144,211,1433,1455]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-6@8.[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, arm articulations. (A) Arm fragment with successive muscular articulations, (B) proximal facet of brachial with two muscular articulations, (C) distal facet of B, (D) oblique lateral view of C, (E) oral side of proximal brachial, (F) synostosial facet of fifth pinnular. ch, bevelled oral side; ps, pinnule socket. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212390/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 4A–E</figureCitation>
), except two or three short lateral projections near oral crest in proximal arm. On successive brachials bearing pinnules, each pinnule impacting on proximal facet of following brachial with a bevelled edge (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF9A5160FC94F9B552E3F968" box="[864,1016,1632,1656]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[144,211,1433,1455]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-6@8.[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, arm articulations. (A) Arm fragment with successive muscular articulations, (B) proximal facet of brachial with two muscular articulations, (C) distal facet of B, (D) oblique lateral view of C, (E) oral side of proximal brachial, (F) synostosial facet of fifth pinnular. ch, bevelled oral side; ps, pinnule socket. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212390/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="149">Figure 4A, B</figureCitation>
). Aboral part of brachial facet semi-circular, ventral part with side bearing pinnule less developed than opposite side (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FE9AFF7350FFFFAE" box="[366,484,166,190]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[144,211,1433,1455]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-6@8.[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, arm articulations. (A) Arm fragment with successive muscular articulations, (B) proximal facet of brachial with two muscular articulations, (C) distal facet of B, (D) oblique lateral view of C, (E) oral side of proximal brachial, (F) synostosial facet of fifth pinnular. ch, bevelled oral side; ps, pinnule socket. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212390/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 4C</figureCitation>
). Pinnulars united by flat synostoses having symmetric oral groove (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FEEAFF135089FFCE" box="[286,402,198,222]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[144,211,1433,1455]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-6@8.[142,1102,159,1400]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype, arm articulations. (A) Arm fragment with successive muscular articulations, (B) proximal facet of brachial with two muscular articulations, (C) distal facet of B, (D) oblique lateral view of C, (E) oral side of proximal brachial, (F) synostosial facet of fifth pinnular. ch, bevelled oral side; ps, pinnule socket. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212390/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 4F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF995163FF4FFF335000FD8C" blockId="14.[144,1101,166,668]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
Stalk preserved in three fragments for a total length of 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FCAAFF3352CCFFEE" box="[862,983,230,254]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.892" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="189.2">189.2 mm</quantity>
. Proximal fragment attached to aboral cup, length 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FD8CFED353F8FE0D" box="[632,739,262,286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="13.3">13.3 mm</quantity>
, diameter decreasing from 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FBDFFED351A7FE2D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
(proximalmost stalk diameter) to 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FD90FEF053DAFE2D" box="[612,705,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
at 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FD07FEF05220FE2D" box="[755,827,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
above irregularly broken distal end, polygonal thin columnals jointed by symplexies with nine crenular units of two or three (inner ring) to three or four (outer ring) crenulae, inner and outer rings of crenulae separated by a discontinuity, claustrum present inside axial canal (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FF2AFE705067FEAD" box="[222,380,421,445]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 5A, B</figureCitation>
). Length of middle fragment 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FD2CFE70525BFEAD" box="[728,832,421,445]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.59" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="35.9">35.9 mm</quantity>
, proximal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FBDFFE7051A4FECD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
, distal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FE74FE1050C1FECD" box="[384,474,453,477]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, distal columnals united by syzygies of concentric and labyrinthic pattern showing at their centre juvenile symplexial pattern with seven crenular units of two or three crenulae (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FD94FDD053C7FD0D" box="[608,732,517,541]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 5D</figureCitation>
). Length of distal fragment 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FBD1FDD051A4FD2C" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 mm</quantity>
, proximal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FE50FDF050E6FD2C" box="[420,509,549,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
, distal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FD4FFDF0520FFD2C" box="[699,788,549,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
, distal columnals united by syzygies with pentagonal lumen; small inner ring with thin radial pattern, wide middle ring with weak labyrinthic pattern, and outer ring with irregular radial crenulae (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FF6CFD515016FD8C" box="[152,269,644,668]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF995163FF64FD385016FC14" blockId="14.[144,269,748,772]" box="[144,269,748,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF995163FF64FD385016FC14" box="[144,269,748,772]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF995163FF64FD3851E8FC14" box="[144,243,749,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
A
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF995163FF64FCC052FAFB5B" blockId="14.[144,1101,788,1322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
Museum 
<collectingRegion id="498BF84AFF995163FF09FCC15043FC3C" box="[253,344,788,812]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Victoria</collectingRegion>
registration number: MV F171342. Small juvenile specimen complete (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FF20FCE15057FC5C" box="[212,332,820,844]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[142,1102,160,1246]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. (A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 2D</figureCitation>
), except for distal part of two arms and distal stalk attachment. Arm pattern (
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF995163FF04FC865058FC7B" box="[240,323,851,875]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="13.[213,268,158,180]" captionText="Table 3. Variation in arm pattern and stalk symplexies with ontogeny in the type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Table 3</tableCitation>
) with first pinnule always on Br4, beyond Br4 succession of brachial pairs interrupted by successive muscular articulations from Br15, maximum observed of four successive muscular articulations in one distal arm. Pinnules well differentiated on proximal arm but without genital expansion (immature specimen), cover plates spear-shaped (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FEC5FC0650BFFCFB" box="[305,420,979,1003]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-5@15.[211,1171,160,1179]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 8. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 8F</figureCitation>
). Arms and pinnules without ornamentation. Relatively wide arm base and narrow inter-radius. Tegmen height at top of orals 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FCAAFC2652AEFB1B" box="[862,949,1011,1035]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
; orals narrow forming a steep cone; height of anal cone 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FD91FBC653A6FB3B" box="[613,701,1043,1067]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
; basal ring with one or two sutures; diameter at base of basal ring 2.0 mm (see 
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF995163FD9AFBE653A4FB5B" box="[622,703,1075,1099]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="12.[58,113,676,698]" captionText="Table 2. Variation of the main morphological parameters in Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Table 2</tableCitation>
for other measurements).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF995163FF4FFB87533EFA3A" blockId="14.[144,1101,788,1322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
Total length of preserved stalk 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FDE0FB875361FB7A" box="[532,634,1106,1130]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.82" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="88.2">88.2 mm</quantity>
. Length of proximal fragment attached to aboral cup 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FEFBFBA75068FB9A" box="[271,371,1138,1162]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="25.5">25.5 mm</quantity>
, columnal diameter decreasing from 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FCE6FBA7527DFB9A" box="[786,870,1138,1162]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
to 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FC7FFBA752F6FB9A" box="[907,1005,1138,1162]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.86">0.86 mm</quantity>
at distal end, in proximal part columnals of variable thickness and diameter over 
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becoming barrel-shaped with symplexies displaying six crenular units of one crenella in distal part (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FED9FB0750BBFBFA" box="[301,416,1234,1258]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 5E</figureCitation>
). Length of distal fragment 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF995163FD2CFB075227FBFA" box="[728,828,1234,1258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.27" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="62.7">62.7 mm</quantity>
, distalmost diameter 
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, columnals remaining barrel-shaped and united by syzygies with irregular radial pattern at distal end (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FE74FAC75303FA3A" box="[384,536,1298,1322]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 5F, G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF995163FF64FAAF5017FA81" blockId="14.[144,268,1402,1425]" box="[144,268,1402,1425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF995163FF64FAAF5017FA81" box="[144,268,1402,1425]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF995163FF64FAAF51E8FA81" box="[144,243,1402,1425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
B
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF995162FF64FA775571FAE9" blockId="14.[144,1101,1441,1688]" lastBlockId="15.[213,1170,1441,1688]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">
<materialsCitation id="3B273CF5FF995162FF64FA77557DFAE9" collectionCode="MV" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="151" location="Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" specimenCode="F171343" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Victoria" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8E906073FF995163FF64FA7751E8FAA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687BEFF92517AFDEDFB555249FA31:8E906073FF995163FF64FA7751E8FAA9" box="[144,243,1442,1465]" name="Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Victoria">Museum</location>
<collectingRegion id="498BF84AFF995163FF08FA74504CFAA9" box="[252,343,1441,1465]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Victoria</collectingRegion>
registration number: 
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE6DFF995163FDA5FA775365FAA9" box="[593,638,1442,1465]" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">MV</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBE99ED3FF995163FD73FA7453F7FAA9" box="[647,748,1441,1465]" collectionCode="MV" country="0" name="University of Montana Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">F171343</specimenCode>
. Specimen of intermediate size between 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF995163FF00FA17504CFACA" box="[244,343,1474,1498]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
A and 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF995163FE5BFA145308FAC9" box="[431,531,1473,1497]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF995163FDD7FA145380FAC9" box="[547,667,1473,1497]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[144,211,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[144,1102,160,1245]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[142,1102,160,1246]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. (A, B) Holotype, (C) paratype B, (D) paratype A, (E) anal cone of holotype, (F) tegmen and oral cone of holotype. Scale bars: A, 23 mm; B, 31 mm; C, 27 mm; D, 26 mm; E,F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212386/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Figure 2C</figureCitation>
). Granular ornamentation and thorns on arms, pinnules and tegmen less conspicuous than in 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF995163FCB5FA3452BCFAE9" box="[833,935,1505,1529]" pageId="14" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Arm pattern (
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF995163FF63F9D451F6F909" box="[151,237,1537,1561]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="13.[213,268,158,180]" captionText="Table 3. Variation in arm pattern and stalk symplexies with ontogeny in the type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="14" pageNumber="150">Table 3</tableCitation>
) with first pinnule always on Br4, beyond Br4 succession of brachial pairs interrupted by successive muscular articulations usually from Br13, from Br9 on one arm, only two successive muscular articulations alternating with one brachial pair between Br13 and Br25, with a maximum of three successive muscular articulation observed. Main features of pinnules and cover plates as in specimen from station 67 (see 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF985162FEF2FA74508CFAA9" box="[262,407,1441,1465]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-5@15.[211,1171,160,1179]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 8. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="151">Figure 8C,D</figureCitation>
). Height of anal cone 
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, base of anal cone occupying only a part of anal inter-radius, anal cone slightly lower than oral cone. Aboral cup globular, lower diameter of basal ring 
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(see 
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF985162FDABFA3453B4FAE9" box="[607,687,1505,1529]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="12.[58,113,676,698]" captionText="Table 2. Variation of the main morphological parameters in Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="15" pageNumber="151">Table 2</tableCitation>
for other measurements). Basals fused
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF985162FF21FB69501FFA74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" startId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" targetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF985162FF21FB69501FFA74" blockId="15.[213,1170,1212,1380]" pageId="15" pageNumber="151">
Figure 8. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF985162FECFFB6850EAFBC2" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[315,497,1212,1234]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF985162FECFFB6850EAFBC2" box="[315,497,1212,1234]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="151">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF985162FE02FB695358FBC1" box="[502,579,1212,1233]" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF98517DFEF4F9D45356FE6D" blockId="15.[213,1170,1441,1688]" lastBlockId="16.[144,1101,166,381]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="15" pageNumber="151">
Total length of preserved stalk 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF985162FD95F9D453CEF909" box="[609,725,1537,1561]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.825" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="282.5">282.5 mm</quantity>
. Length of proximal fragment attached to aboral cup 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF985162FE8FF9F450CCF929" box="[379,471,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
. Length of middle fragment 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF985162FCD2F9F4529CF929" box="[806,903,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="152.0">152 mm</quantity>
, proximal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF985162FB84F9F4501AF948" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
distal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF985162FE41F9945317F948" box="[437,524,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, several proximal columnals with oval facet of 10 crenular units indicating permanent stalk bending, other proximal columnals having circular symplexial facets with 10 (proximalmost) or nine (following stalk bending) crenular units of two or three crenulae and areola slightly hollowed between crenular units (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFF6CFF135028FFCE" box="[152,307,198,222]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 6A, B</figureCitation>
). Length of distal fragment 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF87517DFD83FF1353CCFFCE" box="[631,727,198,222]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="126.0">126 mm</quantity>
, proximal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF87517DFC49FF13550CFFCE" box="[957,1047,198,222]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, distal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF87517DFEEAFF33506EFFEE" box="[286,373,230,254]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
, proximal columnal articulated by symplexies with eight crenular units of one or two crenulae becoming irregularly subdivided near outer facet border (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFF6CFEF05021FE2D" box="[152,314,293,317]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 6C, D</figureCitation>
), distal columnals united by syzygies of concentric labyrinthic pattern preserving at centre juvenile symplexial pattern with seven crenular units of two irregular radial crenulae (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFE59FEB0535BFE6D" box="[429,576,357,381]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 6E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FE1850BCFEF5" blockId="16.[144,423,461,485]" box="[144,423,461,485]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF64FE1850BCFEF5" box="[144,423,461,485]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Specimen from station 23</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FE2051C7FDFC" blockId="16.[144,1101,501,939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
Tasmanian Museum Hobart registration number: TMH H2334. Medium-sized specimen with long stalk, aboral cup and four proximal arms preserved to Br10 or more; fifth arm broken at Br2; stalk separated from crown proximally (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFC31FDE05524FD5D" box="[965,1087,565,589]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[213,280,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,160,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-5@11.[211,1171,160,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations 23 and 67. (A–C) Specimen from station 67, (D–F) specimen from station 23, (A, D) theca and crown, (B, E) oral cone, (C, F) anal cone. Scale bars: A, D, 20 mm; B, 15 mm; B, C, E, F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212398/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 7D</figureCitation>
). One arm was removed for better observation of oral cone. Tegmen height at top of oral cone 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF87517DFEDBFDA15096FD9C" box="[303,397,628,652]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
; orals concave, forming a steep pyramid (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFC72FDA152E5FD9C" box="[902,1022,628,652]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[213,280,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,160,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-5@11.[211,1171,160,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations 23 and 67. (A–C) Specimen from station 67, (D–F) specimen from station 23, (A, D) theca and crown, (B, E) oral cone, (C, F) anal cone. Scale bars: A, D, 20 mm; B, 15 mm; B, C, E, F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212398/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 7E</figureCitation>
) as in 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF87517DFF64FD4051E8FDBD" box="[144,243,661,685]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
A; height of anal cone 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF87517DFE09FD415349FDBC" box="[509,594,660,684]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFD94FD4153CFFDBC" box="[608,724,660,684]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[213,280,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,160,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-5@11.[211,1171,160,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations 23 and 67. (A–C) Specimen from station 67, (D–F) specimen from station 23, (A, D) theca and crown, (B, E) oral cone, (C, F) anal cone. Scale bars: A, D, 20 mm; B, 15 mm; B, C, E, F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212398/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 7F</figureCitation>
); 12–15 tegminal plates per interradius; ornamentation poorly developed. Basals fused or with one inconspicuous suture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF4FFD2152DEFCBB" blockId="16.[144,1101,501,939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
Arm pattern: see 
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF87517DFE70FD2150C1FC1C" box="[388,474,756,780]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="16.[144,199,1004,1026]" captionText="Table 4. Variation in arm pattern in specimens of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations other than the type locality." pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Table 4</tableCitation>
. One arm very unusual with divided short and slender arm at Br15ax; arm ramification gracile (width 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF87517DFD5EFCC1521BFC3C" box="[682,768,788,812]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
) infested by myzostomid and with small pinnules excepting two pinnules of normal size on IIBr3. Pinnules without conspicuous ornamentation like in regenerated pinnule of 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF87517DFCB5FC8152BDFC7C" box="[833,934,852,876]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, proximalmost cover plates strongly concave, forming a crowded scalloped row covering food groove (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFF6CFC465015FCBB" box="[152,270,915,939]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-5@15.[211,1171,160,1179]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 8. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 8A</figureCitation>
), lateral plates of genital pinnules without thorns (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF87517DFCB7FC4652ACFCBB" box="[835,951,915,939]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-5@15.[211,1171,160,1179]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 8. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Figure 8B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF87517DFF64FC395070FB0F" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" startId="16.[144,199,1004,1026]">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FC395070FB0F" blockId="16.[144,1101,1004,1055]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
Table 4. Variation in arm pattern in specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF87517DFD76FC385223FB12" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[642,824,1004,1026]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD76FC385223FB12" box="[642,824,1004,1026]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF87517DFCCAFC395292FB11" box="[830,905,1004,1025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from stations other than the type locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FB9751CCFB65" blockId="16.[144,1098,1090,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF64FB975041FB48" bold="true" box="[144,346,1090,1112]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
St 23 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF87517DFF3EFB97502EFB48" box="[202,309,1090,1112]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
Dp
</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE8DFB9750D9FB48" bold="true" box="[377,450,1090,1112]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3.1 Dm</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE15FB975271FB48" bold="true" box="[481,874,1090,1112]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">1.9 Crenular units: 6 (1–2) to 7 (2–3) - 1</emphasis>
2+3 4+5+6+7 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFBFAFB975551FB48" bold="true" box="[1038,1098,1090,1112]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">8 9 10</emphasis>
broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FBA851C8FBA0" blockId="16.[144,1098,1090,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FBA851C4FB83" bold="true" box="[193,223,1149,1171]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFEE1FBA8505EFB83" bold="true" box="[277,325,1149,1171]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">7 8 9</emphasis>
10+11 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE67FBA850D2FB83" bold="true" box="[403,457,1149,1171]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">12 13</emphasis>
14+15ax 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFDC4FBA85398FB83" bold="true" box="[560,643,1149,1171]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">16 17 18</emphasis>
19+20 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD26FBA85213FB83" bold="true" box="[722,776,1149,1171]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">21 22</emphasis>
23+24 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFCA2FBA852B1FB83" bold="true" box="[854,938,1149,1171]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">25 26 27</emphasis>
28+29... 33+34
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FB6250A3FBDD" blockId="16.[144,1098,1090,1288]" box="[144,440,1207,1229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FB6251C4FBDD" bold="true" box="[193,223,1207,1229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE76FB6250A3FBDD" bold="true" box="[386,440,1207,1229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">11 12</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FB01522DFBFA" blockId="16.[144,1098,1090,1288]" box="[144,822,1236,1259]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FB0151C4FBFA" bold="true" box="[193,223,1236,1258]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE76FB015081FBFA" bold="true" box="[386,410,1236,1258]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">11</emphasis>
12+13 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE1DFB015305FBFA" bold="true" box="[489,542,1236,1258]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">14 15</emphasis>
16+17 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD99FB0153B3FBFA" bold="true" box="[621,680,1236,1258]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">18–19</emphasis>
20+21 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD03FB015214FBFA" bold="true" box="[759,783,1236,1258]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">22</emphasis>
23?
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FB275067FA18" blockId="16.[144,1098,1090,1288]" box="[144,380,1266,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FB2751C4FA18" bold="true" box="[193,223,1266,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FAF653FFFA29" blockId="16.[144,1054,1315,1542]" box="[144,740,1315,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF64FAF65041FA29" bold="true" box="[144,346,1315,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
St 67 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF87517DFF3EFAF6502EFA29" box="[202,309,1315,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
Dp
</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE8DFAF650D9FA29" bold="true" box="[377,450,1315,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3.4 Dm</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE15FAF653FFFA29" bold="true" box="[481,740,1315,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">1.8 Crenular units: 9 (1–2)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FA95551BFA46" blockId="16.[144,1054,1315,1542]" box="[144,1024,1344,1367]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FA9551C4FA46" bold="true" box="[193,223,1344,1366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE3FFA9550F8FA46" bold="true" box="[459,483,1344,1366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">13</emphasis>
14+15 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFDC5FA955352FA46" bold="true" box="[561,585,1344,1366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">16</emphasis>
17+18 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD63FA9553B4FA46" bold="true" box="[663,687,1344,1366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">19</emphasis>
20+21 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD0AFA95520DFA46" bold="true" box="[766,790,1344,1366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">22</emphasis>
23+24 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFC90FA9552A3FA46" bold="true" box="[868,952,1344,1366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">25 26 27</emphasis>
28+29
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FA8B51FFFA64" blockId="16.[144,1054,1315,1542]" box="[144,228,1374,1396]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF64FA8B51FFFA64" bold="true" box="[144,228,1374,1396]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">30 31 32</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FAAE51C8FABE" blockId="16.[144,1054,1315,1542]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FAAE51C4FA81" bold="true" box="[193,223,1403,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFE3FFAAE50F8FA81" bold="true" box="[459,483,1403,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">13</emphasis>
14+15 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFDC5FAAE5352FA81" bold="true" box="[561,585,1403,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">16</emphasis>
17+18 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD63FAAE53B4FA81" bold="true" box="[663,687,1403,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">19</emphasis>
20+21 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD0AFAAE520DFA81" bold="true" box="[766,790,1403,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">22</emphasis>
23+24 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFC90FAAE5281FA81" bold="true" box="[868,922,1403,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">25 26</emphasis>
27+28 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFC1CFAAE5505FA81" bold="true" box="[1000,1054,1403,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">29 30</emphasis>
31+32
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FA6053C5FADB" blockId="16.[144,1054,1315,1542]" box="[144,734,1461,1484]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FA6051C4FADB" bold="true" box="[193,223,1461,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFDE7FA605330FADB" bold="true" box="[531,555,1461,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">15</emphasis>
16+17 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD8DFA60538AFADB" bold="true" box="[633,657,1461,1483]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">18</emphasis>
broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FA065296FAF9" blockId="16.[144,1054,1315,1542]" box="[144,909,1491,1513]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FA0651C4FAF9" bold="true" box="[193,223,1491,1513]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFDE7FA065330FAF9" bold="true" box="[531,555,1491,1513]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">15</emphasis>
16+17 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD8DFA06538AFAF9" bold="true" box="[633,657,1491,1513]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">18</emphasis>
19+20 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFD14FA0653E3FAF9" bold="true" box="[736,760,1491,1513]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">21</emphasis>
22+23 broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64FA2553B8F916" blockId="16.[144,1054,1315,1542]" box="[144,675,1520,1542]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">
1+2 
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF87517DFF35FA2551C4F916" bold="true" box="[193,223,1520,1542]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">3 4</emphasis>
5+6 7+8 9+10 11+12 13+14 15+16 broken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64F9F2527DF92C" blockId="16.[144,1100,1574,1683]" box="[144,870,1574,1596]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Notes: Dp, proximalmost stalk diameter; Dm, minimum stalk diameter.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF87517DFF64F996535BF983" blockId="16.[144,1100,1574,1683]" pageId="16" pageNumber="152">Values in mm; number underlined indicates the brachial bearing the first pinnule, bold numbers in arm pattern indicate brachials with two muscular articulations, numbers between parentheses give number of crenulae per crenular units.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF86517CFF21FA1153C2F904" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="153" startId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" targetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF86517CFF21FA1153C2F904" blockId="17.[213,1170,1476,1556]" pageId="17" pageNumber="153">
Figure 9. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF86517CFECBFA1050E3FACA" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[319,504,1476,1498]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="153" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF86517CFECBFA1050E3FACA" box="[319,504,1476,1498]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="153">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF86517CFDF5FA11534BFAC9" box="[513,592,1476,1497]" pageId="17" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF306620FF85517FFF64FC2353C9FB57" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212404" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212404/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" startId="18.[144,211,1014,1036]" targetBox="[143,1102,159,980]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF85517FFF64FC2353C9FB57" blockId="18.[144,1101,1014,1095]" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">
Figure 10. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF85517FFEF0FC2250A7FB1D" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[260,444,1015,1037]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF85517FFEF0FC2250A7FB1D" box="[260,444,1015,1037]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF85517FFE37FC22530BFB1C" box="[451,528,1015,1036]" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from station 45, stalk articulations. (A, B) Base of basal ring, (B) ligamentary pit, (C, D) proximalmost columnal with a new columnal developing from the centre. Scale bars: A, D, 1 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF85517FFF4FFBA55022FA97" blockId="18.[144,1101,1136,1415]" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">
Total length of preserved stalk 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF85517FFDEAFBA55366FB98" box="[542,637,1136,1160]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="336.0">336 mm</quantity>
, stalk diameter decreasing up to 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF85517FFC03FBA55556FB98" box="[1015,1101,1136,1160]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
about 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF85517FFF2EFB455032FBB8" box="[218,297,1168,1192]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
below basal ring; symplexies with seven crenular units of two or three crenulae and areola slightly hollowed between crenular unit bases (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF85517FFC55FB655524FBD8" box="[929,1087,1200,1224]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">Figure 9A, B</figureCitation>
); stalk diameter increasing to 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF85517FFE2AFB05532CFBF7" box="[478,567,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
about 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF85517FFD79FB0553F7FBF7" box="[653,748,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 mm</quantity>
more distally with symplexies having seven crenular units of two irregular crenulae tending to form a labyrinthic pattern near outer facet border (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF85517FFDFFFADA53B1FA37" box="[523,682,1295,1319]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">Figure 9C, D</figureCitation>
); distalmost stalk diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF85517FFC1AFADA5552FA37" box="[1006,1097,1295,1319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
; distal columnals united by syzygies with labyrinthic and concentric pattern; juvenile symplexial pattern with six crenular units of one or two crenulae preserved at centre (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF85517FFF6CFABA5030FA97" box="[152,299,1391,1415]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">Figure 9E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF85517FFF64FA0C50BCFAE1" blockId="18.[144,423,1497,1521]" box="[144,423,1497,1521]" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF85517FFF64FA0C50BCFAE1" box="[144,423,1497,1521]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">Specimen from station 45</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF85517EFF64F9D750A5FE6D" blockId="18.[144,1101,1537,1688]" lastBlockId="19.[213,1170,166,381]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">
Museum 
<collectingRegion id="498BF84AFF85517FFF09F9D45043F909" box="[253,344,1537,1561]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="18" pageNumber="154">Victoria</collectingRegion>
registration number: MV F171344. Aboral cup base broken with a few proximal columnals and one stalk fragment. Basals fused or perhaps with one inconspicuous suture in basal ring; lower diameter of basal ring 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF85517FFC94F99452A2F948" box="[864,953,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
. Articulation facet at base of basal ring with eight structures divided in two outer branches corresponding to crenular units; areola with eight ligamentary pits (four deeper than others and without galleried stereome) around pentalobate lumen (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFC2FFF73559FFFAE" box="[987,1156,166,190]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[144,211,1014,1036]" captionTargetBox="[143,1102,159,980]" captionTargetId="figure-6@18.[142,1102,159,981]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 45, stalk articulations. (A, B) Base of basal ring, (B) ligamentary pit, (C, D) proximalmost columnal with a new columnal developing from the centre. Scale bars: A, D, 1 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212404/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 10A, B</figureCitation>
); this facet plays the role of a mould for new columnals appearing below. Thin proximal columnals with eight crenular units of two or three crenulae, new columnal developing from inner areola ring between two pre-existent columnals (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFC98FED3550BFE0E" box="[876,1040,262,286]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[144,211,1014,1036]" captionTargetBox="[143,1102,159,980]" captionTargetId="figure-6@18.[142,1102,159,981]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 45, stalk articulations. (A, B) Base of basal ring, (B) ligamentary pit, (C, D) proximalmost columnal with a new columnal developing from the centre. Scale bars: A, D, 1 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212404/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 10C, D</figureCitation>
). Length of stalk fragment 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFE8BFEF050F8FE2D" box="[383,483,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.779999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="47.8">47.8 mm</quantity>
, decreasing in diameter from 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFCDAFEF05298FE2D" box="[814,899,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
to 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFC53FEF052E0FE2D" box="[935,1019,293,317]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
at distal end; columnals articulated by symplexies with eight crenular units of two or three highly interlocked crenulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF84517EFF21FE6850F7FEC5" blockId="19.[213,492,445,469]" box="[213,492,445,469]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF84517EFF21FE6850F7FEC5" box="[213,492,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Specimen from station 67</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF84517EFF21FE335295FD8C" blockId="19.[213,1170,485,1083]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
Museum Tasmanian Hobart registration number: TMH H2335. Complete specimen except distal stalk and distal part of three arms, one arm removed for best observation of anal cone (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFE9EFDF050FAFD2D" box="[362,481,549,573]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[213,280,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,160,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-5@11.[211,1171,160,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations 23 and 67. (A–C) Specimen from station 67, (D–F) specimen from station 23, (A, D) theca and crown, (B, E) oral cone, (C, F) anal cone. Scale bars: A, D, 20 mm; B, 15 mm; B, C, E, F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212398/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 7A</figureCitation>
). See 
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF84517EFDEAFDF05375FD2D" box="[542,622,549,573]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="12.[58,113,676,698]" captionText="Table 2. Variation of the main morphological parameters in Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Table 2</tableCitation>
and 
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF84517EFD50FDF053EDFD2D" box="[676,758,549,573]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="16.[144,199,1004,1026]" captionText="Table 4. Variation in arm pattern in specimens of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations other than the type locality." pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Table 4</tableCitation>
, respectively, for main measurements and arm pattern. Tegmen height at top of oral cone 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFCDDFD915299FD4C" box="[809,898,580,604]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
, height of anal cone 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFB84FD91501FFD6C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
; tegmen granulated except at upper part of oral cone (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFC91FDB152C2FD6C" box="[869,985,612,636]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[213,280,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,160,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-5@11.[211,1171,160,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations 23 and 67. (A–C) Specimen from station 67, (D–F) specimen from station 23, (A, D) theca and crown, (B, E) oral cone, (C, F) anal cone. Scale bars: A, D, 20 mm; B, 15 mm; B, C, E, F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212398/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 7B</figureCitation>
); anal cone with coarser granulation (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFE4AFD51532FFD8C" box="[446,564,644,668]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[213,280,1356,1378]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,160,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-5@11.[211,1171,160,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from stations 23 and 67. (A–C) Specimen from station 67, (D–F) specimen from station 23, (A, D) theca and crown, (B, E) oral cone, (C, F) anal cone. Scale bars: A, D, 20 mm; B, 15 mm; B, C, E, F, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212398/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 7C</figureCitation>
). Basal ring with three sutures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF84517EFEF4FD715589FC2C" blockId="19.[213,1170,485,1083]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
Middle arm with up to four successive muscular articulations, distal part with series of more than six muscular articulations on one arm only. Lateral plates of genital pinnules with strongly convex outer surface but without thorn (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFC3FFD31555BFDEC" box="[971,1088,740,764]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-5@15.[211,1171,160,1179]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 8. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 8C</figureCitation>
); cover plates always spear-shaped (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFDFAFCD153BDFC0C" box="[526,678,772,796]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-5@15.[211,1171,160,1179]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 8. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 8C, D</figureCitation>
); lateral plates progressively disappearing at about one-third of pinnule length (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFDA1FCF153D3FC2C" box="[597,712,804,828]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="15.[213,280,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[212,1169,160,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-5@15.[211,1171,160,1179]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 8. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., pinnules. (A, B) Specimen from station 23, (C–E) specimen from station 67, (F) juvenile paratype A from station 69. (A) Festooned arrangement of cover pates at pinnule base, (B) genital expansion of proximal pinnule, (C) proximal lateral side of genital pinnule, (D) cover plates in middle pinnule, (E) distal end of lateral plate row, (F) cover plates in proximal immature pinnule. Scale bars: A, C, 10 mm; B, 15 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212400/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 8E</figureCitation>
); distal part of pinnules as in 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF84517EFBF9FCF1556BFC2C" box="[1037,1136,804,828]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
A.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF84517EFEF4FC96552BFB2B" blockId="19.[213,1170,485,1083]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
Total length of preserved stalk 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFDADFC9653ADFC4B" box="[601,694,835,859]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 mm</quantity>
. All the columnals articulated by symplexies with nine crenular units. Thin proximal columnals with a well-developed claustrum, two or three crenulae per crenular unit, more or less hollowed areola between crenular unit bases (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFE76FC765336FCAB" box="[386,557,931,955]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]" captionText="Figure 11. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 11A–D</figureCitation>
). Minimum stalk diameter attained about 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFBEEFC765589FCAB" box="[1050,1170,931,955]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20–25 mm</quantity>
below basal ring, displaying symplexies of very regular radiate pattern with one or two crenulae per crenular unit (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFDC3FC3653C2FCEB" box="[567,729,995,1019]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]" captionText="Figure 11. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 11E, F</figureCitation>
). Distalmost preserved columnals with articulations intermediate between symplexy and syzygy (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFCA7FBD652C8FB0B" box="[851,979,1027,1051]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]" captionText="Figure 11. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 11E</figureCitation>
); large inner part symplexial with one or two irregular crenulae per crenular unit (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFC56FBF65538FB2B" box="[930,1059,1059,1083]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]" captionText="Figure 11. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 11F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF84517EFF21FBAE50ECFB83" blockId="19.[213,503,1147,1171]" box="[213,503,1147,1171]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF84517EFF21FBAE50ECFB83" box="[213,503,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Specimens from station 70</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF84517EFF21FB765599FAE9" blockId="19.[213,1170,1186,1529]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
Museum 
<collectingRegion id="498BF84AFF84517EFEB7FB775085FBAA" box="[323,414,1186,1210]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Victoria</collectingRegion>
registration number: MV F171345. Two stalk fragments belonging to different individuals. All columnal facets with seven crenular units. Smallest (juvenile) fragment: length 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFDFAFB37537AFBEA" box="[526,609,1250,1274]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
, proximal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFCBEFB3752BAFBEA" box="[842,929,1250,1274]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
(probably very close to minimum stalk diameter), distal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFCF5FAD7527AFA0A" box="[769,865,1282,1306]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, columnals barrel-shaped (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFF29FAF7509FFA2A" box="[221,388,1314,1338]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[144,211,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,160,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-6@22.[142,1102,160,1379]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 70, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter (cl: claustrum), (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, E, F, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212406/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 12A, C</figureCitation>
), proximal symplexies with short and regular radial crenulae (one or two per crenular unit) (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFE22FA975343FA4A" box="[470,600,1346,1370]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[144,211,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,160,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-6@22.[142,1102,160,1379]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 70, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter (cl: claustrum), (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, E, F, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212406/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 12B</figureCitation>
), distal preserved columnal with longer and irregular crenulae (two or three per crenular unit) (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFD3BFAB4526DFA69" box="[719,886,1377,1401]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[144,211,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,160,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-6@22.[142,1102,160,1379]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 70, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter (cl: claustrum), (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, E, F, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212406/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 12C, D</figureCitation>
). Largest distal fragment with proximal portion of attachment disc: length 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFD0FFA545243FA89" box="[763,856,1409,1433]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="135.0">135 mm</quantity>
, proximal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFBC3FA545595FA89" box="[1079,1166,1409,1433]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
, distal diameter 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF84517EFE7BFA7450F2FAA9" box="[399,489,1441,1465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
(just before attachment disc); proximal columnals united by syzygies with labyrinthic concentric pattern, with inner part preserving juvenile symplexial pattern similar to distal symplexies of smallest fragment (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF84517EFC20FA34556EFAE9" box="[980,1141,1505,1529]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[144,211,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,160,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-6@22.[142,1102,160,1379]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 70, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter (cl: claustrum), (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, E, F, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212406/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Figure 12E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF84517EFF21F9EC502CF941" blockId="19.[213,311,1593,1617]" box="[213,311,1593,1617]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF84517EFF21F9EC502CF941" box="[213,311,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF845178FF21F9B4552CFEAE" blockId="19.[213,1170,1632,1688]" lastBlockId="21.[213,1171,166,1497]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">
In 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF84517EFF0DF9B750DCF969" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[249,455,1633,1657]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF84517EFF0DF9B750DCF969" box="[249,455,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="155">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF84517EFE27F9B45335F968" box="[467,558,1633,1656]" pageId="19" pageNumber="155" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, the aboral cup varies in shape but remains without ornamentation or conspicuous ribs prolonging arm axes. Variation in the ratio of radial width to primibrachial width are always higher than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FC52FF725537FFAE" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[934,1068,166,190]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FC52FF725537FFAE" box="[934,1068,166,190]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. aculeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As previously observed (Roux 2002) in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FD28FF135545FFCE" authority="A. H. Clark, 1911" authorityName="A. H. Clark" authorityYear="1911" box="[732,1118,198,222]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Thalassocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FD28FF13529BFFCE" box="[732,896,198,222]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Thalassocrinus</emphasis>
A.H. Clark, 1911
</taxonomicName>
, the relative width of the proximal arm distinguishes the two species currently known in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FF21FED25053FE0E" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[213,328,263,286]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FF21FED25053FE0E" box="[213,328,263,286]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Feracrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FE88FED250F6FE0E" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[380,493,262,286]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FE88FED250F6FE0E" box="[380,493,262,286]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF825178FE0CFED35349FE0D" box="[504,594,262,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, the tegmen is never inflated and the oral cone is always well-developed. Ornamentation of the tegmen, proximal arm and pinnules is highly variable, but lacks the lateral flattened projection on the proximal brachials of the 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF825178FEF4FEB0507FFE6D" box="[256,356,357,381]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FE7DFEB35315FE6E" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[393,526,358,382]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FE7DFEB35315FE6E" box="[393,526,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. aculeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On the 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF825178FD85FEB053CEFE6D" box="[625,725,357,381]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FD0FFEB35272FE6E" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[763,873,358,382]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FD0FFEB35272FE6E" box="[763,873,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF825178FC85FEB352D2FE6D" box="[881,969,358,381]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, which is strongly ornamented, the pinnule regenerated with smooth surfaces documents that differences in ornamentation do not necessarily reflect differences in individual genomes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF825178FEF4FE105315FCAB" blockId="21.[213,1171,166,1497]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">
Beyond Br4, which always bears the first pinnule, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FCB5FE1352AAFECD" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[833,945,453,477]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FCB5FE1352AAFECD" box="[833,945,453,477]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually bears three to five successive brachial pairs before the next brachial with two muscular articulations while 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FEA3FDD350C7FD0D" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[343,476,517,541]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FEA3FDD350C7FD0D" box="[343,476,517,541]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. aculeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually has one to three. Series of more than three successive muscular articulations always appear beyond Br24. In the specimen from station 23, Br15 bears an imperfect ramification probably developed during arm or pinnule regeneration. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF825178FE80FDB150E7FD6C" author="John DD" box="[372,508,612,636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref12401" refString="John DD. 1937. Crinoidea. Resultats du voyage de S. Y. &quot; Belgica &quot;, Expedition antarctique belge. Rapp Scient Zool Anvers: 1 - 11." type="book chapter" year="1937">John (1937)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF825178FDCFFDB053D1FD6C" author="Roux M" box="[571,714,612,636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" pagination="31 - 57" refId="ref12629" refString="Roux M. 1980. Les articulations du pedoncule des Hyocrinidae (Echinodermes, Crinoides pedoncules: interet systematique et consequences. Bull Mus natl Hist nat P. 4 ser., 2, section A (1): 31 - 57." type="journal article" year="1980">Roux (1980)</bibRefCitation>
described such abnormal ramifications in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FF00FD5053ACFD8C" authority="(Bather, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Bather" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[244,695,644,668]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Dumetocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FF00FD505314FD8C" box="[244,527,645,668]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Dumetocrinus antarcticus</emphasis>
(Bather, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FD06FD51507BFDAC" authority="Koehler and Bather, 1902" authorityName="Koehler and Bather" authorityYear="1902" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Gephyrocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grimaldii">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FD06FD5152E0FD8C" box="[754,1019,644,668]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Gephyrocrinus grimaldii</emphasis>
Koehler and Bather, 1902
</taxonomicName>
respectively. In hyocrinids, only 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FD30FD7152D2FDAC" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1890" box="[708,969,676,700]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Calamocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="diomedae">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FD30FD7152D2FDAC" box="[708,969,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Calamocrinus diomedae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
normally exhibits divided arms (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF825178FE8FFD11530EFDCC" author="Agassiz A" box="[379,533,708,732]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref12075" refString="Agassiz A. 1892. Calamocrinus diomedae, a new stalked crinoid. Mem Mus Comp Zool. 17 (2): 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1892">Agassiz 1892</bibRefCitation>
); immature juveniles with undivided arms indicate that arms divide during ontogeny (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF825178FDC6FD3153A8FDEC" author="Roux M" box="[562,691,740,764]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" pagination="597 - 613" refId="ref12737" refString="Roux M. 2004. New hyocrinid crinoids (Echinodermata) from submersible investigations in the Pacific Ocean. Pacific Sci. 58 (4): 597 - 613." type="journal article" year="2004">Roux 2004</bibRefCitation>
), either from transformation of a pinnule into an arm or by regeneration after breaking (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF825178FD16FCD15276FC0C" author="Gislen T" box="[738,877,772,796]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 330" refId="ref12331" refString="Gislen T. 1924. Echinoderm studies. Zool Bidr Upps. 9: 1 - 330." type="journal article" year="1924">Gislèn 1924</bibRefCitation>
). Strong changes in coverplate shape within or between individuals demonstrate that this character is not useful as a diagnostic feature within the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FD62FC905212FC4C" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[662,777,837,860]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FD62FC905212FC4C" box="[662,777,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Feracrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF825178FCE3FC965574FC4B" author="Mironov AN &amp; Sorokina OA" box="[791,1135,835,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" pagination="404 - 416" refId="ref12503" refString="Mironov AN Sorokina OA. 1998 a. Three genera of stalked crinoids of the family Hyocrinidae (Echinodermata, Crinoidea). Zool J. 77 (4): 404 - 416 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1998">Mironov and Sorokina (1998a</bibRefCitation>
, b) illustrated H-shaped plates in genital pinnules of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FD06FCB1526EFC6C" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[754,885,868,892]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FD06FCB1526EFC6C" box="[754,885,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. aculeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The pinnule architecture of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FF07FC51507AFC8C" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[243,353,900,924]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FF07FC51507AFC8C" box="[243,353,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF825178FE9CFC5150A7FC8B" box="[360,444,900,923]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
could allow formation of H-shaped plates but their development usually remains incomplete.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF825178FEF4FC1652B6FBCB" blockId="21.[213,1171,166,1497]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">
Are there significant changes in arm pattern during growth? The type series (
<tableCitation id="C6CD0313FF825178FF29FC365028FCEB" box="[221,307,995,1019]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="13.[213,268,158,180]" captionText="Table 3. Variation in arm pattern and stalk symplexies with ontogeny in the type series of Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov." pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Table 3</tableCitation>
), in which the 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF825178FE2AFC36538AFCEB" box="[478,657,995,1019]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
were presumed to have lived under the same environmental constraints, suggests a decrease in the number of brachial pairs following Br4 from five or more in the small 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF825178FD2FFBF15225FB2C" box="[731,830,1060,1084]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
to four or fewer in the two larger specimens. This seems to be confirmed by the specimen from station 23 (three or fewer). However, the specimen from station 67, which is about the same size as 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF825178FF21FB565023FB8B" box="[213,312,1155,1179]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
B, bears three arms with five or more pairs and only two arms with four. Is this due to different environmental constraints? More specimens are required to give evidence of reduction of brachial pair number through ontogeny.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF82517AFEF4FB3753BAFE6D" blockId="21.[213,1171,166,1497]" lastBlockId="23.[213,1170,166,1210]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">
Our detailed study of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FDC7FB3653BEFBEA" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[563,677,1250,1274]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FDC7FB3653BEFBEA" box="[563,677,1250,1274]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF825178FD45FB365212FBEA" box="[689,777,1251,1274]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
stalk shows the greatest diversity currently known in columnal articulation patterns in any single hyocrinid species. Proximal symplexies have a regular radial crenularium, with the most regular in the segment with the minimum diameter (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FD64FA97522DFA49" box="[656,822,1346,1370]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Figures 9A, B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FCB1FA97528DFA4A" box="[837,918,1346,1370]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]" captionText="Figure 11. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." pageId="21" pageNumber="157">11E, F</figureCitation>
). Symplexial crenulae become irregular below this segment (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FD7DFAB45215FA69" box="[649,782,1377,1401]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Figures 6D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FCEFFAB4525AFA69" box="[795,833,1377,1401]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">9D</figureCitation>
), weakly tending towards the hieroglyph-like crenulae which develop in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FD51FA575233FA8A" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[677,808,1410,1434]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FD51FA575233FA8A" box="[677,808,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">F. aculeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Syzygies with a labyrinthic concentric crenularium (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FE48FA745326FAA9" box="[444,573,1441,1465]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Figures 5D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FDB3FA745372FAA9" box="[583,617,1441,1465]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">6E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FD87FA745388FAA9" box="[627,659,1441,1465]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">9E</figureCitation>
) develop distally; more regular radial syzygies (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF825178FF29FA14504AFAC9" box="[221,337,1473,1497]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Figure 5C</figureCitation>
) are present in the distalmost articulations. The number of crenular units varies from six to ten, with one to four crenulae per crenular unit. As documented in other stalked crinoids (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF81517BFE4FF9F453F1F929" author="Ameziane N &amp; Roux M" box="[443,746,1569,1593]" pageId="22" pageNumber="158" pagination="2815 - 2860" refId="ref12171" refString="Ameziane N, Roux M. 2005. Environmental control versus phylogenic fingerprint in ontogeny: the example of the development of the stalk in the genus Guillecrinus (stalked crinoids, Echinodermata). J Nat Hist. 39 (30): 2815 - 2860." type="journal article" year="2005">Améziane and Roux 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF81517BFD0CF9F452D8F929" author="David J &amp; Roux M &amp; Messing CG &amp; Ameziane N" box="[760,963,1569,1593]" pageId="22" pageNumber="158" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref12247" refString="David J, Roux M, Messing CG, Ameziane N. 2006. Revision of the pentacrinid stalked crinoids of the genus Endoxocrinus (Echinodermata, Crinoidea), with a study of environment control of characters and its consequences for taxonomy. Zootaxa 1156: 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="2006">David et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
), functional columnal articulations depend on environment, especially current regimen. So, the symplexial pattern of the proximal stalk tends to converge whereas few or no functional articulations in the middle and distal stalk offer divergent characters useful for taxonomy. The trend to hieroglyph-like symplexial crenulae and the labyrinthic feature of distal syzygies are only known in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF80517AFD22FF125252FFCE" authorityName="Mironov and Sorokina" authorityYear="1998" box="[726,841,199,222]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF80517AFD22FF125252FFCE" box="[726,841,199,222]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Feracrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The complex and relatively regular labyrinthic concentric pattern of syzygial facets in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF80517AFC82FF3252FDFFEE" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[886,998,230,254]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF80517AFC82FF3252FDFFEE" box="[886,998,230,254]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">F. koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF80517AFC04FF32555CFFEE" box="[1008,1095,231,254]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
seems to be a typical character of this species. Moreover, the place where the articulation 
<typeStatus id="54F4880AFF80517AFF21FEF3501EFE2E" box="[213,261,294,318]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">type</typeStatus>
changes varies along the stalk from 
<specimenCount id="9D49FD21FF80517AFD5BFEF35252FE2D" box="[687,841,293,317]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
to another, probably related to different environmental constraints throughout ontogeny as has been observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF80517AFF21FEB35386FE6D" authority="(Ameziane and Roux, 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Ameziane and Roux" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[213,669,357,382]" class="Crinoidea" family="Guillecrinidae" genus="Guillecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Millericrinida" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF80517AFF21FEB35043FE6E" box="[213,344,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Guillecrinus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF80517AFE93FEB0538EFE6D" author="Ameziane N &amp; Roux M" box="[359,661,357,381]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" pagination="2815 - 2860" refId="ref12171" refString="Ameziane N, Roux M. 2005. Environmental control versus phylogenic fingerprint in ontogeny: the example of the development of the stalk in the genus Guillecrinus (stalked crinoids, Echinodermata). J Nat Hist. 39 (30): 2815 - 2860." type="journal article" year="2005">Améziane and Roux, 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF306620FF825178FF21F99153CAF984" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" startId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF825178FF21F99153CAF984" blockId="21.[213,1170,1604,1684]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">
Figure 11. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF825178FEBCF99050E5F94A" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[328,510,1604,1626]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF825178FEBCF99050E5F94A" box="[328,510,1604,1626]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="157">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF825178FDF0F991534BF949" box="[516,592,1604,1625]" pageId="21" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF306620FF81517BFF64FA51526DFAC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212406" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5212406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212406/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="158" startId="22.[144,211,1412,1434]" targetBox="[142,1102,160,1377]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF81517BFF64FA51526DFAC4" blockId="22.[144,1101,1412,1492]" pageId="22" pageNumber="158">
Figure 12. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF81517BFEF3FA5050D9FA8A" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[263,450,1412,1434]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="22" pageNumber="158" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF81517BFEF3FA5050D9FA8A" box="[263,450,1412,1434]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="158">Feracrinus koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF81517BFE38FA505307FA8A" box="[460,540,1413,1434]" pageId="22" pageNumber="158" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from station 70, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter (cl: claustrum), (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, E, F, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF80517AFEF4FE53531BFBAA" blockId="23.[213,1170,166,1210]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">
In terms of columnal ontogeny, main character trajectories can be deduced from our observations on 
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D2BFF80517AFE4AFE735336FEAD" authority="Ameziane &amp; Roux, 2010" authorityName="Ameziane &amp; Roux" authorityYear="2010" box="[446,557,421,445]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Feracrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="koslowi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF80517AFE4AFE735336FEAD" box="[446,557,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">F. koslowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857C1FF80517AFDC1FE735391FEAD" box="[565,650,422,445]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
During a crinoid’s life, new columnals appear at the top of the stalk, just under the basal ring. So the oldest columnals are at the distal end of the stalk and the youngest just below the aboral cup. Frequently, in a given crinoid columnal, the axial canal diameter increases by resorption of perilumen stereome (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B59FF80517AFEB3FDF05370FD2D" author="Ameziane N &amp; Roux M" box="[327,619,549,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" pagination="2815 - 2860" refId="ref12171" refString="Ameziane N, Roux M. 2005. Environmental control versus phylogenic fingerprint in ontogeny: the example of the development of the stalk in the genus Guillecrinus (stalked crinoids, Echinodermata). J Nat Hist. 39 (30): 2815 - 2860." type="journal article" year="2005">Améziane and Roux 2005</bibRefCitation>
). During columnal growth in hyocrinids, the axial canal diameter maintains the same size as when the columnal first developed at the top of the stalk without any stereome resorption. Consequently, along a given hyocrinid stalk, axial canal diameter increases from distal to proximal columnals (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFBF0FD51556BFD8C" box="[1028,1136,644,668]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figures 5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFB89FD515596FD8C" box="[1149,1165,644,668]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFF21FD7151FFFDAC" box="[213,228,676,700]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFF05FD715015FDAC" box="[241,270,676,700]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]" captionText="Figure 11. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." pageId="23" pageNumber="159">11</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFEEDFD71502DFDAC" box="[281,310,676,700]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="22.[144,211,1412,1434]" captionTargetBox="[142,1102,160,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-6@22.[142,1102,160,1379]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 12. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 70, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter (cl: claustrum), (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, E, F, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212406/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">12</figureCitation>
), and in proximal columnals from small juveniles (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFC9BFD7152F9FDAC" box="[879,994,676,700]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 5E</figureCitation>
) to large adults (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFF29FD11504DFDCC" box="[221,342,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 5A</figureCitation>
). As proximal columnal diameter becomes larger with specimen growth, the number of radial crenulae can increase from six (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFCC9FD3152A8FDEC" box="[829,947,740,764]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 5E</figureCitation>
) to 33 (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFBE6FD315591FDEC" box="[1042,1162,740,764]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 5A</figureCitation>
) with a distribution into various numbers of crenular units from six (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFC06FCD15573FC0C" box="[1010,1128,772,796]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 5E</figureCitation>
) to 10 (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFEF6FCF15065FC2C" box="[258,382,804,828]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
). In the proxistele, each columnal only grows in thickness (height). Consequently, stalk diameter decreases from the proximalmost columnal (Dp) toward the stalk segment with a minimum value (Dm). So, the proximal stalk remains the most flexible portion where regular symplexial articulations develop. Beyond Dm, columnal diameter increases while growth in height decreases. In this transitional portion where flexibility becomes reduced, the symplexial crenularium develops irregular crenulae weakly tending to a hieroglyph-like appearance. When growth in height stops, the symplexial pattern is only preserved in the facet centre, while diameter growth allows development of the syzygial crenularium with a labyrinthic concentric pattern (from the youngest to the oldest columnals, see respectively 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFC9EFB96551EFB4A" box="[874,1029,1091,1115]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[144,211,1364,1386]" captionTargetBox="[142,1101,159,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-6@10.[142,1102,159,1331]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., paratype B, stalk articulations. (A, B) Proximal symplexy, (C, D) middle stalk symplexy, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy around the juvenile symplexial stage, cl: claustrum. Scale bars: A, C, E, 1 mm; B, D, F, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212394/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figures 6E, F</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFBE4FB96557FFB4A" box="[1040,1124,1091,1115]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[213,280,1604,1626]" captionText="Figure 11. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 67, stalk articulations. (A–D) Proximal symplexies (cl, claustrum), (E, F) symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (G, H) symplexy in middle stalk. Scale bars: A, C, E–H, 1 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm." pageId="23" pageNumber="159">11G, H</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFB9BFB965589FB4B" box="[1135,1170,1091,1115]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">5D</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFEF2FBB7505EFB6A" box="[262,325,1122,1146]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[213,280,1476,1498]" captionTargetBox="[211,1170,160,1442]" captionTargetId="figure-5@17.[211,1171,160,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov. from station 23, stalk articulations. (A, B) Symplexy at minimum stalk diameter, (C, D) symplexy in middle stalk, (E, F) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, 0.1 mm; B, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212402/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">9E, F</figureCitation>
). Distalmost columnals, the oldest, were never articulated by symplexies but by syzygies (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFEAAFB5750EFFB8A" box="[350,500,1154,1178]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 5F, G</figureCitation>
). As their diameter increases, syzygies keep a predominantly radial pattern (
<figureCitation id="13742A2DFF80517AFE89FB7750E8FBAA" box="[381,499,1186,1210]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[213,280,1326,1348]" captionTargetBox="[211,1171,162,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-5@9.[211,1171,161,1294]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Feracrinus koslowi sp. nov., holotype and juvenile paratype A, stalk articulations. (A– D) Holotype, (E–G) paratype A. (A, B, E) Proximal symplexies, (C, F, G) distalmost radiated syzygies, (D) distal labyrinthic concentric syzygy, (C) claustrum. Scale bars: A, 1.5 mm; B, E–G, 0.1 mm; C, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5212392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5212392/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Figure 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF80517AFF21FB375049FBEA" blockId="23.[213,338,1250,1274]" box="[213,338,1250,1274]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="B93BEABAFF80517AFF21FB375049FBEA" box="[213,338,1250,1274]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Occurrence</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036A8FF80517AFF21FADC5249FA31" blockId="23.[213,850,1289,1313]" box="[213,850,1289,1313]" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">
Southwestern Pacific, off 
<collectingRegion id="498BF84AFF80517AFE00FADC537EFA31" box="[500,613,1289,1313]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="23" pageNumber="159">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CB79B4DFF80517AFD42FADC5256FA31" box="[694,845,1289,1313]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5625" metricValueMax="1.815" metricValueMin="1.31" pageId="23" pageNumber="159" unit="m" value="1562.5" valueMax="1815.0" valueMin="1310.0">1310–1815 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>