325 lines
28 KiB
XML
325 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" ID-ZooBank="A1129EE50F9941CFB73AE771B66E2486" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1142-1" checkinTime="1674655519517" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tongkerd, Piyoros, Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn, Inkhavilay, Khamla, Prasankok, Pongpun, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Panha, Somsak & Sutcharit, Chirasak" docDate="2023" docId="31284397670B522A8FF197FBD4A20EEF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1142: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1142" docPubDate="2023-01-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097" docTitle="Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa Tongkerd & Panha 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="547E244E-54FE-41D3-A990-B7B87BC30947" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" masterDocTitle="Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1674655519517" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Present address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Inkhavilay, Khamla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, P. O. Box 7322, Dongdok, Vientiane, Laos</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Prasankok, Pongpun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">somsak.pan@chula.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-01-24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>144</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1142-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A1129EE50F9941CFB73AE771B66E2486</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:547E244E-54FE-41D3-A990-B7B87BC30947" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/31284397670B522A8FF197FBD4A20EEF" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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3.
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/547E244E-54FE-41D3-A990-B7B87BC30947" authority="Tongkerd & Panha" authorityName="Tongkerd & Panha" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rhothonotaphrosa" status="sp. nov.">Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa Tongkerd & Panha</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution map of Rhiostoma haughtoni - species group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799868" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Shell of Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 4709 from Klong Had, Srakeo B, C paratypes CUMZ 4710 from type locality D, E specimens CUMZ 4711 from Khao Chamao, Rayong F specimen CUMZ 4895 from Khao Chakan (north site), Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 15</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar B, C Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani and C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Bukit Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia D Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4710 from Klong Had, Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 16D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Tongkerd & Tumpeesuwan & Inkhavilay & Prasankok & Jeratthitikul & Panha & Sutcharit, 2023" authorityName="Tongkerd & Tumpeesuwan & Inkhavilay & Prasankok & Jeratthitikul & Panha & Sutcharit" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Rhiostoma</taxonomicName>
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sp. 6 -
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<bibRefCitation author="Tumpeesuwan, S" journalOrPublisher="Master Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B175" refString="Tumpeesuwan, S, 2001. Taxonomy of snorkel snails genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 in Thailand. Master Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University" title="Taxonomy of snorkel snails genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 in Thailand." year="2001">Tumpeesuwan 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 85-89, figs 4.33-4.35.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Tongkerd & Tumpeesuwan & Inkhavilay & Prasankok & Jeratthitikul & Panha & Sutcharit, 2023" authorityName="Tongkerd & Tumpeesuwan & Inkhavilay & Prasankok & Jeratthitikul & Panha & Sutcharit" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Rhiostoma</taxonomicName>
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sp. 9 -
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<bibRefCitation author="Tumpeesuwan, S" journalOrPublisher="Master Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B175" refString="Tumpeesuwan, S, 2001. Taxonomy of snorkel snails genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 in Thailand. Master Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University" title="Taxonomy of snorkel snails genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 in Thailand." year="2001">Tumpeesuwan 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 96-99, figs 4.40, 4.41.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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CUMZ 4709 (cW 21.0 mm, cH 11.8 mm, dL 22.7 mm; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Shell of Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 4709 from Klong Had, Srakeo B, C paratypes CUMZ 4710 from type locality D, E specimens CUMZ 4711 from Khao Chamao, Rayong F specimen CUMZ 4895 from Khao Chakan (north site), Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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CUMZ 3858 (25 adults + 12 juveniles), CUMZ 4710 (2 shells; Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Shell of Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 4709 from Klong Had, Srakeo B, C paratypes CUMZ 4710 from type locality D, E specimens CUMZ 4711 from Khao Chamao, Rayong F specimen CUMZ 4895 from Khao Chakan (north site), Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15B, C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar B, C Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani and C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Bukit Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia D Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4710 from Klong Had, Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16D</figureCitation>
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), CUMZ 4823 (5 shells), NHMUK 20220438 (5 shells), and SMF 368673 (5 shells). All paratypes are from the type locality.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 15.</emphasis>
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Shell of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tongkerd & Panha" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rhothonotaphrosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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holotype CUMZ 4709 from Klong Had, Srakeo
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
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paratypes CUMZ 4710 from type locality
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
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specimens CUMZ 4711 from Khao Chamao, Rayong
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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specimen CUMZ 4895 from Khao Chakan (north site), Srakeo.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 16.</emphasis>
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Radula morphology
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma haughtoni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma haughtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimen CUMZ 10048/2 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tomlin" authorityYear="1932" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma samuiense" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="samuiense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma samuiense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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specimen CUMZ 3996 from Bukit Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tongkerd & Panha" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rhothonotaphrosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4710 from Klong Had, Srakeo.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Tham Sri Thong, Khlong Had District, Srakeo Province, Thailand (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.6" value="13.478777">13°28'43.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.8" value="102.28162">102°16'53.8"E</geoCoordinate>
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). Limestone outcrop with dry deciduous forest, surrounded by sugarcane and tapioca farms.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Chanthaburi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chanthaburi">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: Khao Wong Kot, Kaeng Hang Maeo,
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chanthaburi">Chanthaburi</collectingRegion>
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: CUMZ 4852, 4874, 4877, 10174, 10176. Khao Cha Ang Oun, Bo Thong,
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chonburi</collectingRegion>
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: CUMZ 4363, 4364. Khao Chamao-Khao Wong, Khao Chamao,
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
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: CUMZ 3808, 3857, 3923, 4337, 4368, 4711 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Shell of Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 4709 from Klong Had, Srakeo B, C paratypes CUMZ 4710 from type locality D, E specimens CUMZ 4711 from Khao Chamao, Rayong F specimen CUMZ 4895 from Khao Chakan (north site), Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15D, E</figureCitation>
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), 10177, 10178. Khao Wong, Khao Chamao,
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
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: CUMZ 4725. Limestone near Khao Chamao Khao Wong, Khao Chamao,
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
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: CUMZ 3851. Khao Chakan, Khao Chakan, Srakeo: CUMZ 3806, 4369, 4370, 4735, 4820, 4829, 4882, 4895 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Shell of Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 4709 from Klong Had, Srakeo B, C paratypes CUMZ 4710 from type locality D, E specimens CUMZ 4711 from Khao Chamao, Rayong F specimen CUMZ 4895 from Khao Chakan (north site), Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15F</figureCitation>
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), 4898, 10173, 10179. Tham Mahasombat, Khao Chakan, Srakeo: CUMZ 3830. Khao Siwa, Khlong Had, Srakeo: CUMZ 4371. Tham Leam, Khlong Had, Srakeo: CUMZ 3852. Tham Phet Po Thong, Khlong Had, Srakeo: CUMZ 4856, 4878, 10172. Wat Khao Pha Pheung, Khlong Had, Srakeo: CUMZ 10180. Ta Phraya, Srakeo: CUMZ 4862. Tham Khao Phlapphueng Thong, Wang Som Bun, Srakeo: CUMZ 10175
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell thick and flattened. Detached whorl long, curved, and descending. Breathing device notch-shaped. Shell colour whitish with brownish zigzag pattern. Operculum calcareous, tall and cup shaped.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. samuiense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="samuiense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. samuiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from peninsular Thailand by having a notch-shaped breathing device and white shell with brownish zigzag colour pattern. In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. samuiense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="samuiense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. samuiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a knob-shaped breathing device and generally monochrome brown to purplish shell. Although this new species has a notch-shaped breathing device similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. haughtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the distinct characters are longer detached whorl and dark apex, while
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. haughtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a shorter detached whorl and without dark colour on apex. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. rhothonotaphrosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rhothonotaphrosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. rhothonotaphrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. housei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="housei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. housei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. simplicilabre" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="simplicilabre">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. simplicilabre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a notch-shaped breathing device and relatively longer and descending detached whorl. In contrast, these two species possess tubular breathing devices and a relatively shorter detached whorl.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Shell medium, cW 19.8-24.9 mm, cH 9.7-12.5 mm, detached-whorl length 10.0-18.5 mm, thick, and sub-discoidal shape. Apex acute with dark colouration; spire slightly convex. Whorls 5 to 6, convex, increasing regularly; suture depressed and deep; last whorl rounded and slender. Shell surface with fine growth lines. Periostracum thick and brown. Shell with brownish zigzag pattern or sometimes with uniformly brownish colour; ventral surface with paler colour; with narrow dark brown spiral band on periphery. Detached whorl long, nearly 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than apertural width, curved and descending. Peristome circular and double; lip thickened, slightly expanded, and multi-layered. Aperture opened sub-ventrally. Breathing device notch-shaped; outer lip protruding, with narrow groove; inner lip with shallow to deep incision. Umbilicus widely opened and deep. Operculum calcareous, tall cup-shaped, and multispiral (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Shell of Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 4709 from Klong Had, Srakeo B, C paratypes CUMZ 4710 from type locality D, E specimens CUMZ 4711 from Khao Chamao, Rayong F specimen CUMZ 4895 from Khao Chakan (north site), Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radula</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Teeth arrangement and shape are almost identical to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. haughtoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="haughtoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. haughtoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Central tooth with large central cusp and two lateral cusps on each side. Lateral teeth composed of three or four cusps. Marginal teeth each composed of three cusps (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma haughtoni specimen CUMZ 10048 / 2 from Dhammatat Cave, Mon, Myanmar B, C Rhiostoma samuiense B specimen CUMZ 3989 from Samui Island, Surat Thani and C specimen CUMZ 3996 from Bukit Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia D Rhiostoma rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4710 from Klong Had, Srakeo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">rhothonotaphrosa</emphasis>
|
||
comes from two Greek words,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">rhothon</emphasis>
|
||
meaning nose and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">taphros</emphasis>
|
||
meaning ditch or trench. It refers to the notch-shaped breathing device of this new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This new species is known from several localities in eastern Thailand near the Cambodia border in Srakeo, Chanthaburi, Rayong, and Chonburi provinces.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Four species,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. hainesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cambodjense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cambodjense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cambodjense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. rhothonotaphrosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rhothonotaphrosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. rhothonotaphrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cheliopegma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cheliopegma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cheliopegma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., are distributed in eastern Thailand. Our survey throughout their distribution ranges revealed no sympatric populations except for a single locality with adjacent populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cambodjense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cambodjense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cambodjense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. rhothonotaphrosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rhothonotaphrosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. rhothonotaphrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. These two species inhabit a small limestone outcrop of Khao Chakan, Srakeo Province; the outcrop is ~ 1 km long, 0.5 km wide, and oriented east-west. The new species occupies the northern side of the outcrop, while
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cambodjense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cambodjense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cambodjense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
commonly occurs on the southern flank of the same mountain. However, these two species are totally different in shell morphology, and their COI barcoding suggests they are not closely related taxa (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree showing the relationships among Rhiostoma species based on 660 bp of the mitochondrial COI gene sequence. The major nodes are indicated by numbers as the Maximum likelihood (ML) bootstrap values and Bayesian posterior probabilities of Bayesian inference (BI), respectively. Nodes with sufficient support by both ML and BI are indicated by black circles, and nodes with partial support by only ML are indicated by grey circles, and only BI by white circles. Newly described species in this study are highlighted in blue." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799861" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |