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<mods:title id="807C62349B0CD76A9E03E6BA294792BF">Morphological Diversity in the Postcranial Skeleton of Casamayoran (? Middle to Late Eocene) Notoungulata and Foot Posture in Notoungulates</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EE9BD2319F2532FC63B83864AB32A821">SHOCKEY, BRUCE J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8E829E353211D7D716293DD2DB8FDB5D">FLYNN, JOHN J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5A2DA8ABC0043456480D2C39A83F143A">2007</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="ED772B6EFE4FFFD3FD16467FFB5BF915" blockId="10.[732,1196,1640,1664]" box="[732,1196,1640,1664]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="B63F9C02FE4FFFD3FD16467FFB5BF915" box="[732,1196,1640,1664]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="8">
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4FFFD3FD16467FFB5BF915" authority="Ameghino, 1901" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[732,1196,1640,1664]" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Thomashuxleya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="externa">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4FFFD3FD16467FFC1FF915" box="[732,1000,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Thomashuxleya externa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8959569FFE4FFFD3FC3B467FFB5BF915" author="Ameghino, F." box="[1009,1196,1640,1664]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 349" refId="ref14857" refString="Ameghino, F. 1901. Notices preliminaries sur des ongules nouveaux des terrains Cretaces de Patagonie. Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba 16: 1 - 349." type="journal article" year="1901">Ameghino, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED772B6EFE4FFFD2FD1246B3FDB1FDFB" blockId="10.[701,1228,1700,1753]" lastBlockId="11.[88,614,211,1754]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Material:
<collectionCode id="8BD9B3ABFE4FFFD3FC9646B3FC40F929" box="[860,951,1700,1724]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AMNH</collectionCode>
28905 consists of many postcranial elements of a single individual that
<bibRefCitation id="8959569FFE4EFFD2FF9240C4FEEBFF7E" author="Simpson, G. G." box="[88,284,211,235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref16488" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1936 a. Skeletal remains and restoration of Eocene Entelonychia from Patagonia. American Museum Novitates 862: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1936">Simpson (1936a)</bibRefCitation>
referred to
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4EFFD2FE7C40C4FF5BFE9C" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Thomashuxleya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="externa">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4EFFD2FE7C40C4FF5BFE9C" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Thomashuxleya externa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It was found at Cañadón Vaca and was the primary source of postcranials for the skeletal reconstruction of
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4EFFD2FE7C413BFD92FED1" box="[438,613,300,324]" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Thomashuxleya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4EFFD2FE7C413BFD92FED1" box="[438,613,300,324]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Thomashuxleya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Simpson, 1938: fig. 1, 1967: fig. 35), which also included
<collectionCode id="8BD9B3ABFE4EFFD2FEC8417FFEAAFE15" box="[258,349,360,384]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">AMNH</collectionCode>
28698 and 28447 for skull and jaw morphology. Postcranials of contemporaneous, closely related animals (
<bibRefCitation id="8959569FFE4EFFD2FF9541D6FEC6FE4C" author="Simpson, G. G." box="[95,305,449,473]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref16488" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1936 a. Skeletal remains and restoration of Eocene Entelonychia from Patagonia. American Museum Novitates 862: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1936">Simpson, 1936: 10</bibRefCitation>
) from Cañadon Vaca were also used in the reconstruction. The closely related animals he referred to were
<collectionCode id="8BD9B3ABFE4EFFD2FDC141EBFD92FD81" box="[523,613,508,532]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">AMNH</collectionCode>
28904 and 28906, which we refer to
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4EFFD2FF92422FFE8CFDC5" box="[88,379,568,592]" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Anisotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="distentus">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4EFFD2FF92422FFE8CFDC5" box="[88,379,568,592]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Anisotemnus distentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(above) and
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4EFFD2FF924241FEBAFDFB" box="[88,333,598,622]" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Pleurostylodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4EFFD2FF924241FEBAFDFB" box="[88,333,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pleurostylodon similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(below), respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED772B6EFE4EFFD2FFB84263FE52FCC9" blockId="11.[88,614,211,1754]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
We refer
<collectionCode id="8BD9B3ABFE4EFFD2FF224263FEB5FD19" box="[232,322,628,652]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">AMNH</collectionCode>
28653 to
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4EFFD2FE0C4263FDB6FD19" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[454,577,628,652]" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Thomashuxleya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="externa">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4EFFD2FE0C4263FDB6FD19" box="[454,577,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T. externa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as these associated elements are indistinguishable from homologous elements of
<collectionCode id="8BD9B3ABFE4EFFD2FE7242B8FDE4FD52" box="[440,531,687,711]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">AMNH</collectionCode>
28905. This specimen is composed of postcranial elements only, including a partial right forelimb, which includes a distal humerus, complete radius, ulna lacking only the distal region, unciform, and Mc
<collectionCode id="8BD9B3ABFE4EFFD2FE404353FE56FCC9" box="[394,417,836,860]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED772B6EFE4EFFD2FFB84375FF57FB31" blockId="11.[88,614,211,1754]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Description:
<collectionCode id="8BD9B3ABFE4EFFD2FED34375FE83FCEF" box="[281,372,866,890]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">AMNH</collectionCode>
28905 was associat- ed with cranial remains too extremely disintegrated to be worth restoration or even collecting, but permitted certain field identification as a species of
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4EFFD2FE6243CDFDA0FC67" box="[424,599,986,1010]" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Thomashuxleya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4EFFD2FE6243CDFDA0FC67" box="[424,599,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Thomashuxleya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8959569FFE4EFFD2FF9543E0FED6FB9A" author="Simpson, G. G." box="[95,289,1015,1039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref16488" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1936 a. Skeletal remains and restoration of Eocene Entelonychia from Patagonia. American Museum Novitates 862: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1936">Simpson, 1936: 1</bibRefCitation>
). Of the postcranial remains available from Cañadón Vaca, these are the largest; they are similar in size to the cranial and dental remains of
<taxonomicName id="2AC850EDFE4EFFD2FE9F4446FDA8FBFC" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[341,607,1105,1129]" class="Mammalia" family="Isotemnidae" genus="Thomashuxleya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="externa">
<emphasis id="DFBCF77CFE4EFFD2FE9F4446FDA8FBFC" box="[341,607,1105,1129]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Thomashuxleya externa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, supporting referral of these remains to that taxon.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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