283 lines
35 KiB
XML
283 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="7B4B7DA8AC6DA28C41FACBB69AD2087F" ID-DOI="10.1080/03115518.2019.1701080" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8901e0e4-c1b9-40ae-8e82-39deebd598d2" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3712657" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584426293474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Manzuetti, Aldo, Perea, Daniel, Jones, Washington, Ubilla, Martın & Rinderknecht, Andres" docDate="2020" docId="4B5E3035190F736DE454FA53FD53ADDB" docLanguage="en" docName="alcheringa.44.manzuetti.pdf" docOrigin="Alcheringa: an Australian Journal of Paleontology 44" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Smilodon populator Lund 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="B767484D190D736EE714FFE6FFBDA83E" masterDocTitle="An extremely large saber-tooth cat skull from Uruguay (late Pleistocene - early Holocene, Dolores Formation): body size and paleobiological implications" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698820229781" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="97B43BDEA4C05A2C786B871DA485EE67">An extremely large saber-tooth cat skull from Uruguay (late Pleistocene - early Holocene, Dolores Formation): body size and paleobiological implications</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FDF6F25E154E5A01C97994B2C0A3041E">Manzuetti, Aldo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2B83537D3E1025B0DEB2E5BDC3D6C213">Perea, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="00FB3BBA4F44AB0E220C504215AB5C31">Jones, Washington</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="624438CE18175C7F05A435365FDEE066">Ubilla, Martın</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EBA501C25251245CB07427AFAAA5BE1E">Rinderknecht, Andres</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3BE15FFD0AFDB152900D151765F736CA">Alcheringa: an Australian Journal of Paleontology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="204426F44531EC6B8646CD58F6401FEB">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="534F0957A8109BC54F556E60DFD7375F">2020-03-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2577CFC3FC0FFF4C5B577166FF989F1C">44</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4B5E3035190F736DE454FA53FD53ADDB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162626085" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B5E3035190F736DE454FA53FD53ADDB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B5E3035190F736DE454FA53FD53ADDB" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="8BEDD2A8190F736CE454FA53FB1FADF0" box="[832,1186,1461,1486]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C3488123190F736CE454FA53FB1FADF0" blockId="2.[832,1450,1461,1599]" box="[832,1186,1461,1486]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="9800364F190F736CE454FA53FB1FADF0" box="[832,1186,1461,1486]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190F736CE454FA53FB1FADF0" authority="Lund, 1842" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1842" box="[832,1186,1461,1486]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="populator">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190F736CE454FA53FBA3ADF0" bold="true" box="[832,1054,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Smilodon populator</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190F736CE333FA50FB1FADF0" author="LUND, P. W." box="[1063,1186,1462,1486]" journalOrPublisher="Fjerde Afhandling: fortsaettelse af pattedyrene. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Naturnvidenskabelige og Mathematiske Afhandlinger" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="137 - 208" part="9" refId="ref5253" refString="LUND, P. W., 1842. Blik paa Brasiliens dyreverden f or € sidste Jordomvaeltning. Fjerde Afhandling: fortsaettelse af pattedyrene. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Naturnvidenskabelige og Mathematiske Afhandlinger 9, 137 - 208." title="Blik paa Brasiliens dyreverden f or € sidste Jordomvaeltning" type="journal article" year="1842">Lund, 1842</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BEDD2A8190F736CE454F9E3FBCCAEF2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C3488123190F736CE454F9E3FC2AAE01" blockId="2.[832,1450,1461,1599]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190F736CE454F9E3FBB5AE23" bold="true" box="[832,1032,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Referred material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="739F8B7E190F736CE305F9E0FC2AAE01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4433104301" country="Uruguay" location="Limetas Creek" municipality="Dolores Formation" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MNHN-P 957" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Department of Colonia">
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<specimenCode id="93512958190F736CE305F9E0FB12AE23" box="[1041,1199,1541,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MNHN-P 957</specimenCode>
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, almost complete skull (
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<figureCitation id="5BCC9DA6190F736CE45DF9C0FC3AAE01" box="[841,903,1574,1599]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[128,183,1266,1285]" captionText="Figure 2. Smilodon populator skull MNHN-P 957. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar 10 cm." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C3488123190F736CE454F996FBCCAEF2" blockId="2.[832,1504,1648,1740]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190F736CE454F996FAA4AEB6" bold="true" box="[832,1305,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Geographic and stratigraphic location.</emphasis>
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<location id="C628D7F8190F736CE227F997FA5DAEB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B5E3035190F736DE454FA53FD53ADDB:C628D7F8190F736CE227F997FA5DAEB7" box="[1331,1504,1649,1673]" country="Uruguay" municipality="Dolores Formation" name="Limetas Creek" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Department of Colonia">Limetas Creek</location>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="01334FC1190F736CE453F975FBF3AE95" box="[839,1102,1683,1707]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Department of Colonia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BBE0C1B3190F736CE34AF975FB7DAE95" box="[1118,1216,1683,1707]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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),
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<collectingMunicipality id="232C1B59190F736CE3C2F975FA16AE95" box="[1238,1451,1683,1707]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dolores Formation</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="C628D7F8190F736CE2AEF975FBD0AEF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B5E3035190F736DE454FA53FD53ADDB:C628D7F8190F736CE2AEF975FBD0AEF2" country="Uruguay" municipality="Dolores Formation" name="late Pleistocene- early Holocene" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Department of Colonia">late Pleistocene–early Holocene</location>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BEDD2A8190F736DE454F918FD53ADDB" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C3488123190F736DE454F918FEC3A985" blockId="2.[832,1504,1790,2015]" lastBlockId="3.[81,753,387,765]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190F736CE454F918FBE5AF28" bold="true" box="[832,1112,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Comparative description.</emphasis>
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Dorsal view: elongated and rather narrow skull, according to the disposition of the zygomatic arches. There is an opening in the frontonasal region of the skull. Lateral view: the nasals are high and the large lambdoid crest forms a marked angle where it meets the mastoid process as evidenced in
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<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190F736CE324F843FAB9AF83" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1842" box="[1072,1284,1957,1981]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="populator">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190F736CE324F843FAB9AF83" box="[1072,1284,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Smilodon populator</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and differing from
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<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190F736CE454F821FB6BAFE1" authority="(Kurten & Werdelin 1990)" baseAuthorityName="Kurten & Werdelin" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[832,1238,1990,2015]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fatalis">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190F736CE454F821FC23AFE0" box="[832,926,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. fatalis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190F736CE4A5F821FB76AFE1" author="KURTEN, B. & WERDELIN, L." box="[945,1227,1990,2015]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="158 - 169" part="10" refId="ref5024" refString="KURTEN, B. & WERDELIN, L., 1990. Relationships between North and South American Smilodon. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 10, 158 - 169." title="Relationships between North and South American Smilodon" type="journal article" year="1990">Kurten & Werdelin 1990</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Ventral view: enlarged mastoid process; anteroposteriorly elongated and transversely compressed auditory bullae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="9788D1AB190E736DE745FF6BFF79A886" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE745FF6BFF79A886" blockId="3.[81,752,140,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE745FF6BFF20A89E" bold="true" box="[81,157,141,160]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Table 1.</emphasis>
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Body mass estimation (in kg) for the
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<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE501FF6AFD00A89E" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1842" box="[533,701,140,160]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="populator">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE501FF6AFD00A89E" box="[533,701,140,160]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Smilodon populator</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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skull MNHN-P 957.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="9788D1AB190E736DE405FF6BFC6FA8EE" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE405FF6BFC6FA8EE" blockId="3.[785,1457,141,208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE405FF6BFCE6A89E" bold="true" box="[785,859,141,160]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Table 2.</emphasis>
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Body mass estimation (in kg) of the typical prey (TPM) and maximum prey (MPM) for the specimen MNHN-P 957 (range of estimation between parentheses).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE745FF20FD56A917" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<table id="B1F77383190E8C91E745FF20FD4DA917" box="[81,752,198,297]" gridcols="3" gridrows="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E745FF20FD4DA8E7" box="[81,752,198,217]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E745FF20FEACA8E7" box="[81,273,198,217]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Measure</th>
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<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E6C0FF20FDBCA8E7" box="[468,513,198,217]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CBL</th>
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<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E5D7FF20FD4DA8E7" box="[707,752,198,217]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">OOL</th>
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||
</tr>
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<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E745FF07FD4DA8C7" box="[81,752,225,249]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E745FF07FEACA8C7" box="[81,273,225,249]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Body mass estimation a</th>
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<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E6C0FF07FDBCA8C7" box="[468,513,225,249]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">436.1</td>
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<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E5D7FF07FD4DA8C7" box="[707,752,225,249]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">379.1</td>
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||
</tr>
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||
<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E745FF18FD4DA92F" box="[81,752,254,273]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E745FF18FEACA92F" box="[81,273,254,273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">%PE</th>
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<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E6C0FF18FDBCA92F" box="[468,513,254,273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">38</td>
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<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E5D7FF18FD4DA92F" box="[707,752,254,273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">37</td>
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||
</tr>
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||
<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E745FEF0FD4DA917" box="[81,752,278,297]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E745FEF0FEACA917" box="[81,273,278,297]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r</th>
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<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E6C0FEF0FDBCA917" box="[468,513,278,297]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">0.92</td>
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||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E5D7FEF0FD4DA917" box="[707,752,278,297]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">0.92</td>
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||
</tr>
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||
</table>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE405FF38FA3DA967" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<table id="B1F77383190E8C91E405FF3FFA0DA967" box="[785,1456,217,345]" gridcols="5" gridrows="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E405FF3FFA0DA8CF" box="[785,1456,217,241]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E405FF3FFCD5A8CF" box="[785,872,217,241]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Parameter</th>
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<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E462FF3FFC47A8CF" box="[886,1018,217,241]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">TPM a</th>
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<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E31CFF3FFB31A8CF" box="[1032,1164,217,241]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MPM a</th>
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<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E38EFF3FFAA3A8CF" box="[1178,1310,217,241]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">TPM b</th>
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||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E238FF3FFA0DA8CF" box="[1324,1456,217,241]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MPM b</th>
|
||
</tr>
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||
<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E405FF18FA0DA92F" box="[785,1456,254,273]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E405FF18FCD5A92F" box="[785,872,254,273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Estimation</th>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E462FF18FC47A92F" box="[886,1018,254,273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1303.3</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E31CFF18FB31A92F" box="[1032,1164,254,273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2768.2</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E38EFF18FAA3A92F" box="[1178,1310,254,273]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1258.2</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E238FF18FA0DA92F" box="[1324,1456,254,273]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1996.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E405FEF0FA0DA917" box="[785,1456,278,297]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E405FEF0FCD5A917" box="[785,872,278,297]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">(range)</th>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E462FEF0FC47A917" box="[886,1018,278,297]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">(1477.9–1138.9)</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E31CFEF0FB31A917" box="[1032,1164,278,297]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">(3020.4–2521.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E38EFEF0FAA3A917" box="[1178,1310,278,297]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">(1396.2–1125.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E238FEF0FA0DA917" box="[1324,1456,278,297]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">(2135.9–1856.8)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E405FEC8FA0DA97F" box="[785,1456,302,321]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E405FEC8FCD5A97F" box="[785,872,302,321]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">%PE</th>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E462FEC8FC47A97F" box="[886,1018,302,321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">77.73</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E31CFEC8FB31A97F" box="[1032,1164,302,321]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">15.2</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E38EFEC8FAA3A97F" box="[1178,1310,302,321]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">54.55</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E238FEC8FA0DA97F" box="[1324,1456,302,321]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">35.02</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DC78361190E8C91E405FEA0FA0DA967" box="[785,1456,326,345]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<th id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E405FEA0FCD5A967" box="[785,872,326,345]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r</th>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E462FEA0FC47A967" box="[886,1018,326,345]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E31CFEA0FB31A967" box="[1032,1164,326,345]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">0.88</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E38EFEA0FAA3A967" box="[1178,1310,326,345]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="3E16EA1D190E8C91E238FEA0FA0DA967" box="[1324,1456,326,345]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">0.88</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<tableNote id="3E1180AD190E736DE745FED4FD20A95C" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[81,752,198,297]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE745FED4FD5DA974" blockId="3.[81,736,306,354]" box="[81,736,306,330]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<superScript id="34822C6B190E736DE745FED4FFE5A901" attach="right" box="[81,88,306,319]" fontSize="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">a</superScript>
|
||
Mean body mass 407.6. Body mass equations from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE504FED1FD61A974" author="VAN VALKENBURGH, B." box="[528,732,311,330]" editor="DAMUTH, J. & MACFADDEN, B. J." journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press, Cambridge" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="181 - 205" refId="ref6801" refString="VAN VALKENBURGH, B., 1990. Skeletal and dental predictors of body mass in carnivores. In Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications. DAMUTH, J. & MACFADDEN, B. J., eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 181 - 205." title="Skeletal and dental predictors of body mass in carnivores" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications" year="1990">Van Valkenburgh (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE745FEA9FD20A95C" blockId="3.[81,736,306,354]" box="[81,669,335,354]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Abbreviations: CBL, condylobasal length; OOL, orbito-occipital length.</paragraph>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
<tableNote id="3E1180AD190E736DE405FE84FB6DA9AC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[785,1456,217,345]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE405FE84FB60A944" blockId="3.[785,1245,354,402]" box="[785,1245,354,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<superScript id="34822C6B190E736DE405FE84FCA5A951" attach="right" box="[785,792,354,367]" fontSize="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">a</superScript>
|
||
According to equations of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE4E8FE81FB64A944" author="PREVOSTI, F. & VIZCAINO, S." box="[1020,1241,359,378]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="407 - 422" part="51" refId="ref5896" refString="PREVOSTI, F. & VIZCAINO, S., 2006. Paleoecology of the large carnivore guild from the late Pleistocene of Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51, 407 - 422." title="Paleoecology of the large carnivore guild from the late Pleistocene of Argentina" type="journal article" year="2006">Prevosti & Vizcaıno (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE405FE9CFB6DA9AC" blockId="3.[785,1245,354,402]" box="[785,1232,378,402]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<superScript id="34822C6B190E736DE405FE9CFCA4A9B9" attach="right" box="[785,793,378,391]" fontSize="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">b</superScript>
|
||
According to equations of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE4E9FE99FB71A9AC" author="PREVOSTI, F. & MARTIN, F." box="[1021,1228,383,402]" journalOrPublisher="Quaternary International" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="74" part="305" refId="ref5856" refString="PREVOSTI, F. & MARTIN, F., 2013. Paleoecology of the mammalian predator guild of Southern Patagonia during the latest Pleistocene: ecomorphology, stable isotopes, and taphonomy. Quaternary International 305, 74." title="Paleoecology of the mammalian predator guild of Southern Patagonia during the latest Pleistocene: ecomorphology, stable isotopes, and taphonomy" type="journal article" year="2013">Prevosti & Martin (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE765FE25FEDBAAC3" blockId="3.[81,753,387,765]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
The tooth rows are very well preserved but lacking M1; canines are cracked and broken. The incisors are slightly recurved posteriorly, the PM3 is tricuspidate and slightly oblique with respect to the corresponding PM4. The PM4 is secodont and has the typical configuration of the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE74CFD82FF6FAA42" author="BERTA, A." box="[88,210,612,636]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 63" part="31" refId="ref4241" refString="BERTA, A., 1987. The sabercat Smilodon gracilis from Florida and a discussion of its relationships (Mammalia, Felidae, Smilodontini). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences 31, 1 - 63." title="The sabercat Smilodon gracilis from Florida and a discussion of its relationships (Mammalia, Felidae, Smilodontini)" type="journal article" year="1987">Berta 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the secondary ectoparastyle is anterior to the parastyle, and the protocone is reduced. Judging from the degree of wear of the teeth, specially PM4, and the level of fusion of the cranial sutures, the specimen MNHN-P 957 is from an adult individual.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE745FCC1FDEFAD1F" blockId="3.[81,753,807,1314]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE745FCC1FF0BAB01" bold="true" box="[81,182,807,831]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The body mass estimations, using equations for extant felids based on measurements of the skull, provide an average value above 400 kg (
|
||
<tableCitation id="8E75B498190E736DE69BFC8EFE5FABBE" box="[399,482,872,896]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[81,128,141,160]" captionText="Table 1. Body mass estimation (in kg) for the Smilodon populator skull MNHN-P 957." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Based on that average body mass, the typical prey size must have greatly exceeded 1 t, and the maximum prey size was around 3 t (
|
||
<tableCitation id="8E75B498190E736DE599FC4EFD5CABFE" box="[653,737,936,960]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[785,832,141,160]" captionText="Table 2. Body mass estimation (in kg) of the typical prey (TPM) and maximum prey (MPM) for the specimen MNHN-P 957 (range of estimation between parentheses)." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Bivariate analysis based on measurements of the skull and dentition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BCC9DA6190E736DE7C6FC0EFE9DAC3E" box="[210,288,1000,1024]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[128,183,1674,1693]" captionTargetBox="[192,1473,94,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[192,1440,140,1658]" captionText="Figure 3. Bivariate graphs for the Smilodon populator specimen MNHN-P 957. A, zygomatic width (ZW) versus condylobasal length (CBL); B, canine transverse diam- eter (CML) versus canine anteroposterior diameter (CAP). Data from different sources (see Material and methods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712661/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
and 4) shows significant differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE7A1FBEEFECDAC1E" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[181,368,1032,1056]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE7A1FBEEFECDAC1E" box="[181,368,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Smilodon gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE6A4FBEFFDB2AC1E" baseAuthorityName="Kurten & Werdelin" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[432,527,1032,1056]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE6A4FBEFFDB2AC1E" box="[432,527,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. fatalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in some ways with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE799FBCFFEAEAC7F" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1842" box="[141,275,1065,1089]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="populator">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE799FBCFFEAEAC7F" box="[141,275,1065,1089]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. populator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
too. In terms of absolute size, the specimen MNHN-P 957 is larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE6FFFBAFFDEAAC5F" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[491,599,1097,1121]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE6FFFBAFFDEAAC5F" box="[491,599,1097,1121]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE579FBAFFD57AC5F" author="BERTA, A." box="[621,746,1097,1121]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 63" part="31" refId="ref4241" refString="BERTA, A., 1987. The sabercat Smilodon gracilis from Florida and a discussion of its relationships (Mammalia, Felidae, Smilodontini). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences 31, 1 - 63." title="The sabercat Smilodon gracilis from Florida and a discussion of its relationships (Mammalia, Felidae, Smilodontini)" type="journal article" year="1987">Berta 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE745FB8FFF39ACBF" author="BERTA, A." box="[81,132,1129,1153]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="463 - 499" part="37" refId="ref4282" refString="BERTA, A., 1995. Fossil carnivores from the Leisey Shell Pits, Hillsborough County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 37, 463 - 499." title="Fossil carnivores from the Leisey Shell Pits, Hillsborough County, Florida" type="journal article" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE789FB8FFF44ACBF" baseAuthorityName="Kurten & Werdelin" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[157,249,1129,1153]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE789FB8FFF44ACBF" box="[157,249,1129,1153]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. fatalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE61EFB8FFDB4ACBF" author="MERRIAM, J. C. & STOCK, C." box="[266,521,1129,1153]" journalOrPublisher="Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 231" part="422" refId="ref5537" refString="MERRIAM, J. C. & STOCK, C., 1932. The Felidae of Rancho La Brea. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 422, 1 - 231." title="The Felidae of Rancho La Brea" type="journal article" year="1932">Merriam & Stock 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE50DFB8FFF39AC9F" author="KURTEN, B. & WERDELIN, L." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="158 - 169" part="10" refId="ref5024" refString="KURTEN, B. & WERDELIN, L., 1990. Relationships between North and South American Smilodon. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 10, 158 - 169." title="Relationships between North and South American Smilodon" type="journal article" year="1990">Kurten & Werdelin 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and even the sample of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE573FB6FFD4DAC9F" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1842" box="[615,752,1161,1185]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="populator">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE573FB6FFD4DAC9F" box="[615,752,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. populator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
used here (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BCC9DA6190E736DE7C6FB4FFEABACFF" box="[210,278,1193,1217]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[128,183,1674,1693]" captionTargetBox="[192,1473,94,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[192,1440,140,1658]" captionText="Figure 3. Bivariate graphs for the Smilodon populator specimen MNHN-P 957. A, zygomatic width (ZW) versus condylobasal length (CBL); B, canine transverse diam- eter (CML) versus canine anteroposterior diameter (CAP). Data from different sources (see Material and methods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712661/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
and 4A) (Mendez-Alzola 1941,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE59DFB4FFF39ACDF" author="CHURCHER, C." journalOrPublisher="Publicaciones del Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales de Mar del Plata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="245 - 262" part="1" refId="ref4559" refString="CHURCHER, C., 1967. Smilodon neogaeus en las barrancas costeras de Mar del Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires. Publicaciones del Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales de Mar del Plata 1, 245 - 262." title="Smilodon neogaeus en las barrancas costeras de Mar del Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires" type="journal article" year="1967">Churcher 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A766FCD2190E736DE782FB2CFE0CACDC" author="KURTEN, B. & WERDELIN, L." box="[150,433,1225,1250]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="158 - 169" part="10" refId="ref5024" refString="KURTEN, B. & WERDELIN, L., 1990. Relationships between North and South American Smilodon. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 10, 158 - 169." title="Relationships between North and South American Smilodon" type="journal article" year="1990">Kurten & Werdelin 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The only exception is the biplot of the PM4, which falls within the size variability of the largest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE7DEFAECFE9BAD1C" baseAuthorityName="Kurten & Werdelin" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[202,294,1290,1314]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE7DEFAECFE9BAD1C" box="[202,294,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. fatalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04F7FAA0190E736DE675FAECFE5EAD1C" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1842" box="[353,483,1290,1314]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Smilodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="populator">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE675FAECFE5EAD1C" box="[353,483,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. populator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BCC9DA6190E736DE6E1FAECFDF9AD1C" box="[501,580,1290,1314]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[81,109,1699,1718]" captionTargetBox="[149,1389,144,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[145,1393,140,1682]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Bivariate graphs for the Smilodon populator specimen MNHN-P 957. A, PM3 transverse diameter (PM3ML) versus PM3 anteroposterior diameter (PM3AP); B, PM4 transverse diameter (PM4ML) versus PM4 anteroposterior diameter (PM4AP). Data from different sources (see Material and methods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712663/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3488123190E736DE745FAAAFD53ADDB" blockId="3.[81,753,1356,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1835D31190E736DE745FAAAFEE3AD5A" bold="true" box="[81,350,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Measurements (in mm).</emphasis>
|
||
Skull measurements: TL, 392; CBL, 379; OOL, 242; ZW, 240; RW, 119; IOW, 112; PCW, 100; GBM, 152; GBC, 83; FMB, 35; FMH, 32. Dental measurements (right side): TRL I-PM4, 168; Diast, 22; CAP, 52; CML, 24; PM3AP, 19; PM3ML, 12; PM4AP, 44; PM4ML, 18.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |