475 lines
45 KiB
XML
475 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.451.7304" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13c13982-1282-4cc8-a065-222b9cf6e264" ID-PMC="PMC4258618" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-451-1" ID-PubMed="25493045" ID-ZBK="8C336E90DDC6473DBD92FA56B7FF620C" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-451-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 451" ModsDocTitle="Sylphellapuccoon gen. n., sp. n. and two additional new species of aquatic oligochaetes (Lumbriculidae, Clitellata) from poorly-known lotic habitats in North Carolina (USA)" checkinTime="1451245175561" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rodriguez, Pilar, Fend, Steven V. & Lenat, David R." docDate="2014" docId="80191EF59028E53A0AFE52F1AF85A4E5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 451: 1-32" docOrigin="ZooKeys 451" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.451.7304" docTitle="Stylodrilus coreyi Rodriguez, Fend & Lenat, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="361604D8-0420-44CE-8F91-BFBB133A1510" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="2B4E1678FF8DFFB6FFF5220D34735F04" masterDocTitle="Sylphellapuccoon gen. n., sp. n. and two additional new species of aquatic oligochaetes (Lumbriculidae, Clitellata) from poorly-known lotic habitats in North Carolina (USA)" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1668159544253" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Sylphellapuccoon gen. n., sp. n. and two additional new species of aquatic oligochaetes (Lumbriculidae, Clitellata) from poorly-known lotic habitats in North Carolina (USA)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rodriguez, Pilar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fend, Steven V.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lenat, David R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>451</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>32</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.451.7304</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.451.7304</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-451-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">8C336E90DDC6473DBD92FA56B7FF620C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8C336E90DDC6473DBD92FA56B7FF620C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056148" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:361604D8-0420-44CE-8F91-BFBB133A1510" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/80191EF59028E53A0AFE52F1AF85A4E5" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/361604D8-0420-44CE-8F91-BFBB133A1510" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 6and 7
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USNM 1251703: A whole-mounted specimen in Canada balsam (collected 19 Jan 2010).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USNM 1251704-1251707: 17 Feb 2007, 1 whole mount; 19 Jan 2010, 2 whole mounts; 5 Apr 2010, 1 dissected. MNCN 16.03/3085: 19 Jan 2010, 1 dissected and 1 histologically sectioned; 5 Apr 2010, 1 whole mount, stained in borax carmine. CASIZ 197900: 16 Feb 2011, 2 dissected. All from the type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pettiford Creek at Millis Road, Carteret County, North Carolina, USA.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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This species is named in honor of Jesse Edward (Ed) Corey III, an Inventory Biologist at the North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation. We celebrate
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ed’s">Ed's</normalizedToken>
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unwavering interest in all animals and plants, including our beloved oligochaete worms.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="other material">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">From the type locality: 17 Feb 2007, 1 dissected. 30 Sep 2009, 7 whole mounts, 1 dissected. 19 Jan 2010, 5 whole mounts, 2 dissected, 3 sectioned (2 sagittal, 1 transverse), 2 in alcohol. 5 Apr 2010, 6 whole mounts, 2 dissected. 16 Feb 2011, 1 whole mount, 10 in alcohol. Floodplain seeps in Drowning Creek floodplain at State Road 1004, Moore County, North Carolina: 31 Dec 2008, 2 whole mounts. 12 Jan 2009, 2 whole mounts, 5 dissected. 17 Feb 2011, 1 whole mount. All specimens (including the type series) collected by D.R. Lenat.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Number of segments 53-69. In 27 unmounted specimens, body length 11.7-14.2 mm, diameter of the body in segment VIII, 240-585
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(mean 379
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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); maximum diameter in the clitellar region to 760
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(mean 467
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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); midbody diameter 330-630
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(mean 429
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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). Prostomium round or conical, 142-196
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long (Figs 6A, 7A). Brain deeply lobed, back to septum 2/3. Clitellum saddle-shaped, formed by cells in distinct rows (Fig. 7C), extending from the anterior part of segment X (from the level of chaetae) to the end of segment XII. Epidermis 6-17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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high in anterior segments, and up to 23-34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in the clitellum; 25-32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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high in the prostomium. Secondary annulation (a narrow ring in anterior part of segment) usually in IV to IX.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Figure 6. Drawings of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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Anterior part of the body showing double annulation and genital pores (A) and digestive tract with associated glands (B) C details of male duct D reproductive organs.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Figure 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Anterior part of the body, B: simple-pointed chaeta C clitellum D nephridial efferent duct in ventral part of posterior segment (anterior part facing up)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
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consecutive histological sections of male duct
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<normalizedToken originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
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details of prostatic glands and connection to atrial ampulla J spermathecal ampulla K spermathecal duct L female funnel.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–L">E-L</normalizedToken>
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histological sections, other photographs from stained whole mounts or dissected specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Chaetae simple-pointed (Fig. 7B), nodulus at 0.3 (rarely at 0.4) from the ectal end, of similar size in dorsal and ventral bundles or slightly longer in ventral bundles; smaller in segment II (63-70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), length increasing in the anterior segments to segment VIII (73-116
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), and usually smaller in the posterior part of the body (71-111
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, down to 63
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">One pair spermathecal pores in segment IX and one pair male pores in segment X, in line with and behind the ventral bundles of chaetae (one specimen from Drowning Creek regenerating the anterior part of the body, with spermathecal pores in VII and male pores in VIII). One pair female pores in the intersegment 11/12.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Pharyngeal pad well-developed dorsally, usually extending through IV; pharyngeal glands from the posterior part of segment IV back to VIII, dorso-lateral and ventral to
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
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gut in segments V to VIII (Fig. 6B). Chloragogen cells covering the gut from the posterior part of segment VI onwards. Nephridia with long efferent ducts observed in segment VII and in some postclitellar segments, tubular shaped, running ventrally through several segments (Fig. 7D); nephridiopores without vesicles, in front of ventral chaetae. Lateral blood vessels absent in posterior segments. Two pairs testes, in anterior part of segments IX and X, and one pair ovaries in segment XI. Sperm sacs back to segment XV or XVI (never observed extending forward), and egg sacs back to XVI or XVII.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Semiprosoporous male ducts, with one anterior vas deferens attached to the sperm funnel in intersegment 9/10, and the posterior one to the funnel in 10/11, the anterior being longer (280-480
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) than the posterior (215-300
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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). Both funnels appear deflected backward, somewhat behind their respective septa when full of sperm. Vasa deferentia (15)20-28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter, to 34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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close to the sperm funnel. Posterior vas deferens does not enter postatrial segment (Figs 6D, 7G). Atrium elongate (176-390
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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total length, including the penis), with the ampulla (120-184
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 43-70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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maximum diameter) usually restricted to segment X, but in some individuals passing into segment XI. Several discrete clusters of prostatic cells (44-100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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high) join the atrium by distinct stalks that traverse the atrial musculature (Fig. 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–I">E-I</normalizedToken>
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). Atrium length 0.45-0.70 (usually c. 0.50) times the body diameter at the clitellum. Short atrial duct not distinctly separated from the ampulla, narrowing to about 24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, the male pore on a short penis (25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long), in a shallow fold of the body wall. Several dorso-ventral muscular strands are associated with the male pore. Atrial epithelium very granulated, 14-19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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high, and atrial lumen ciliated; atrial musculature thin (4-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick). Vasa deferentia join the atrium at about the basal one third, and run under the atrial musculature to the most apical part of the ampulla, where they open to the atrial lumen (Figs 6C, 7G).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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One pair spermathecae, with ampullae typically located in segments IX and X, oval to nearly spherical (174-331
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter, 205-348
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long), containing a mass of loose sperm in the ectal part, sometimes together with amorphous material (Figs 6D, 7J). Ampulla with thin epithelium in ectal part (about 5-10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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); epithelium with large, irregular cells (to over 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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), which may fill the lumen in ental part; no sorptive vacuoles were observed. Spermathecal duct long (150-247
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) and relatively thin (22-31
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter), slightly widening at ectal end up to 42
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; with narrow, columnar cells and thin (<5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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) muscle coat. One pair female funnels open ventrally in intersegment 11/12 (Figs 6D, 7L).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Worms from Downing Cr are generally larger than those from Pettiford Cr (see Table 4), but morphology is otherwise similar.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Table 4. Comparison of morphological features in two study populations of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<table pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<tr pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">Population</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">No. segments</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">
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Body
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ø">O</normalizedToken>
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in VIII
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">
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Chaetae length
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">
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Atrium length
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">
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Atrium
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ø">O</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">
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Spth duct length
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">
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Spth ampulla length
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">
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Spth ampulla
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ø">O</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">Pettiford Creek</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan="1">Drowning Creek</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="taxonomic remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">Stylodrilus</pageBreakToken>
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coreyi
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. conforms to the general diagnosis of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Claparède">Claparede</normalizedToken>
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, 1862 (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Rodriguez, P" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="92 - 96" title="A new American Stylodrilus species (Lumbriculidae, Oligochaeta)." url="10.1139/z96-012" volume="74" year="1996">Rodriguez and Coates 1996</bibRefCitation>
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), which includes most known lumbriculid species with 2 pairs of testes and one pair of ovaries, one pair of spermathecae in the first testicular segment, and one pair of semiprosoporous male ducts in the second testicular segment. According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Hrabe, S" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="9 - 21" title="Zwei neue Lumbriculiden-Arten, sowie einige Bemerkungen zur Systematik einiger bereits bekannter." volume="84" year="1929">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hrabě">Hrabe</normalizedToken>
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(1929
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Hrabĕ, S" journalOrPublisher="Purkyne, Brno" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="283 - 309" title="Notes on the genera Stylodrilus and Bythonomus (Lumbriculidae, Oligochaeta). Spisy Prirodovedecke Fakulty Univerzity J. E." volume="515" year="1970">1970</bibRefCitation>
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), the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Bythonomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythonomus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Bythonomus</taxonomicName>
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Grube, 1880, which had the same arrangement of reproductive organs, was restricted to those species with all chaetae simple-pointed, 2 pairs of branched lateral blood vessels (sometimes only bifurcate or absent), tubular or oval atria, and vasa deferentia opening basally (ectally) to the atrium.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Bythonomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythonomus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Bythonomus</taxonomicName>
|
||
was classified as junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brinkhurst, RO" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="431 - 444" title="A revision of the genera Stylodrilus and Bythonomus (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae)." url="10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb05193.x" volume="144" year="1965">Brinkhurst (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, a decision that was refuted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hrabĕ, S" journalOrPublisher="Purkyne, Brno" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="283 - 309" title="Notes on the genera Stylodrilus and Bythonomus (Lumbriculidae, Oligochaeta). Spisy Prirodovedecke Fakulty Univerzity J. E." volume="515" year="1970">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hrabě">Hrabe</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1970)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and still divides taxonomists in the present. For example,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Giani, N" journalOrPublisher="Annales de Limnologie" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="157 - 165" title="Deux nouvelles especes de Lumbriculidae du Sud-Ouest de l'Europe." url="10.1051/limn/1984032" volume="20" year="1984">
|
||
Giani and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez-Ansemil">Martinez-Ansemil</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1984)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
accepted the synonymy, and used the characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus glandulosus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandulosus">Stylodrilus glandulosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an example to invalidate
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Bythonomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythonomus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Bythonomus</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a genus; this view is actually supported by most authors (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rodriguez, P" journalOrPublisher="Annles de Limnologie" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="203 - 211" title="Sur certaines especes de Lumbriculidae du Nord de la Peninsule Iberique." url="10.1051/limn/1988018" volume="24" year="1988">Rodriguez 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Timm, T" journalOrPublisher="Lauterbornia, International Journal of Faunistics and Floristics of European Inland Waters" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 235" title="A guide for the freshwater Oligochaeta and Polychaeta of Northern and Central Europe." volume="66" year="2009">Timm 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kaygorodova, I" journalOrPublisher="Zoosystematica Rossica" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="145 - 149" title="New Stylodrilus species (Annelida; Clitellata; Lumbriculidae) from Lake Baikal, East Siberia." volume="17" year="2008">Kaygorodova and Martin (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, still supported a distinction between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Bythonomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythonomus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Bythonomus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on the shape of chaetae. Until the taxonomic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clarified by molecular analyses, we accept the synonymy, since several species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex have a mixture of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Bythonomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythonomus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Bythonomus</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like characters. In the present case, the new species has simple-pointed chaetae and tubular atria, but no posterior lateral blood vessels have been observed, and although the junction of vasa deferentia is basal, the opening to the atrial lumen is completely apical. The junction of the vasa deferentia to the atrium is not always easily defined as basal or apical in the "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Bythonomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bythonomus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Bythonomus</taxonomicName>
|
||
group", but rather it occurs in every possible position from basal to apical (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brinkhurst, RO" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Technical Report, Hydrography and Ocean Sciences" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 101" title="Aquatic Oligochaeta of the world: Supplement. A catalogue of new freshwater species, descriptions, and revisions." volume="44" year="1984">Brinkhurst and Wetzel 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Besides, the atrial shape can be difficult to categorize in species with long atrial ducts that gradually widen toward the ampulla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. belongs to a group of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with simple-pointed chaetae, elongate atrium, and posterior vas deferens not forming a loop in the postatrial segment (Table 5). Within this group,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by several features of the male duct: atrium length about half (0.5-0.7) times the diameter of the body at the clitellum; a very short, barely differentiated atrial duct forming a short penis within a fold of the body wall; the atrial ampulla covered by large clusters of discrete prostatic glands, entering the atrium through narrow passages; vasa deferentia joining the atrium in the basal third of its length, and opening to the atrial lumen at the apical end.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Table 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with simple-pointed chaetae, elongate to tubular atrium, vas deferens not entering postatrial segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<table pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<tr pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Species</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Atrium position (segment)</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Atrial ampulla/duct size</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Prostate</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Vas deferens junction to atrium</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Penis</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Spermatheca</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Spermathecal ampulla/duct size</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">Posterior lateral blood vessels</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus curvithecus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="curvithecus">Stylodrilus curvithecus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus glandulosus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandulosus">Stylodrilus glandulosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus tschaunensis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tschaunensis">Stylodrilus tschaunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus wahkeenensis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wahkeenensis">Stylodrilus wahkeenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Among this group of species,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus wahkeenensis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wahkeenensis">Stylodrilus wahkeenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Rodriguez & Coates, 1996 can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
not only by the remarkable shape of the chaetae (proximal nodulus, hair-like in dorsal bundles, and enlarged, hook-shaped in ventral bundles of segment II), but also by the position and structure of the atrium (in segment IX, small and covered by a simple, diffuse layer of prostatic cells, with no duct or penis observed). Of the other species in that group,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus glandulosus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandulosus">Stylodrilus glandulosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Giani &
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez-Ansemil">Martinez-Ansemil</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1984 and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus curvithecus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="curvithecus">Stylodrilus curvithecus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Collado et al., 1993 are separated from congeners by clear apomorphies, such as a muscular, bulbous penial sac with associated glandular complex, and a long atrial duct.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus beattiei" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beattiei">Stylodrilus beattiei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cook, 1975 and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus tschaunensis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tschaunensis">Stylodrilus tschaunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Morev, 1982 also have simple-pointed chaetae and vas deferens not penetrating the postatrial segment, but they are well distinguished from this species group by the distinctly petiolate atrium with oval or pyriform ampulla, short atrial duct, and absence of a penis. Other species of the genus in which the posterior vas deferens does not penetrate the post-atrial segment are
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus cernosvitovi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cernosvitovi">Stylodrilus cernosvitovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hrabě">Hrabe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1950,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus mirandus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="mirandus">Stylodrilus mirandus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hrabě">Hrabe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1982), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus aclotudi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aclotudi">Stylodrilus aclotudi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kaygorodova & Martin, 2008, but they all have bifid chaetae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with simple chaetae and an elongate to tubular atrium with short atrial duct include
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus absoloni" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="absoloni">Stylodrilus absoloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hrabě">Hrabe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1970),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus lemani" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lemani">Stylodrilus lemani</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus chukotensis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chukotensis">Stylodrilus chukotensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sokolskaya, 1975, but in these species, the vas deferens penetrates the post-atrial segment, forming a loop. Another species in this group is
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus sulci" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sulci">Stylodrilus sulci</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hrabě">Hrabe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1934), distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the median junction of vasa deferentia to the atrium, the entrance of the posterior vas deferens into the postatrial segment, and the absence of a penis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
In North America, there are only five
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species known so far, one of which is cosmopolitan (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus heringianus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heringianus">Stylodrilus heringianus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Claparède">Claparede</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1862).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus beattiei" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beattiei">Stylodrilus beattiei</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cook, 1975) was the first Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species described, from a cave in West Virginia. Subsequently,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus sovaliki" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sovaliki">Stylodrilus sovaliki</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Holmquist, 1976) was described from lakes in Alaska. Later,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus californianus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="californianus">Stylodrilus californianus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Rodriguez, 1996 was discovered in subterranean waters in eastern California, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus wahkeenensis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wahkeenensis">Stylodrilus wahkeenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Rodriguez & Coates, 1996, was described from hyporheic waters and small streams associated with subterranean waters of Oregon and southeastern USA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The low number of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">Stylodrilus</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in North America may be related in part to the tendency of researchers in this area to erect new genera for those taxa with very distinct apomorphies (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Spelaedrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spelaedrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Spelaedrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cook, 1975,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Phagodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phagodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Phagodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
McKey-Fender & Fender, 1988,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Tenagodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenagodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Tenagodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Eckroth & Brinkhurst, 1996), despite a general arrangement of the reproductive system that fits the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
pattern. This situation indicates the need for a sound revision of the genus, since some
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species can in fact be closer to other genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="ecological remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ecological remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. has been collected from seeps and pools in humic coastal plain streams (Drowning and Pettiford Creeks), most commonly outside of the main channel. These habitats have a temporary flow regime, with seasonal drying during summer months.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
was mostly collected in detritus over a layer of fine sand. Both streams have very high water quality (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morev, AP" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" title="Lumber River Basinwide Assessment Report" year="2007">NCDENR 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morev, AP" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" title="Basinwide Assessment Report, White Oak River Basin." year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but pH values are higher in Drowning Creek (usually about 5.5) than in Pettiford Creek (<4.3). This suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus coreyi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coreyi">Stylodrilus coreyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
tolerates extremely low pH values, but does not require such conditions. Interestingly, lumbriculids found in this kind of habitat have also congeneric relatives in groundwaters (three of five described
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Stylodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Stylodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in the Nearctic region are subterranean; see also
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">Cookidrilus pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
remarks, above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |