285 lines
29 KiB
XML
285 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="F92F43C9399245FA99C4699674B680D2" ID-DOI="10.25674/so92iss1pp15" ID-ISSN="2509-9523" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10832216" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch,operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1709146362394" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Seifert, Bernhard" docDate="2020" docId="153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06" docLanguage="en" docName="SoilOrg.92.1.15-86.pdf" docOrigin="Soil Organisms 92 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/so92iss1pp15" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA2ECAC87EC21C07AB805D5B9B4601F2.2:SoilOrg.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="EA2ECAC87EC21C07AB805D5B9B4601F2" docStyleName="SoilOrg.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Lasius neglectus Van Loon 1990" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="E90BFFCEFD3DFFC2FFA5FFE85A4DFFF1" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the subgenus Lasius s. str. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1711418911934" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="CCAD31D2676C417924785498F66A5F9B">A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the subgenus Lasius s. str. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2258FD862021B38DBD624096BBFA001D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="17E261BC81F26611F7AF3D825B3CDDE6">Seifert, Bernhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7EE75FC9F7FD6EBAE7FC03F80E0561B9">Soil Organisms</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FF943609A6C43DA5DE34900F6CD1712E">
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<mods:date id="BEF981C7C713F64ED35E4C0C92BC8780">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7626E1F4AE75A2D6ED91301D72430AB3">2020-05-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3AF25CADCD420D6256D58E8DFBA615D2">92</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E3626B3E4E0F338AEE83A065D5A368DC">15</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="634FF607A526CED8D340CFC477650500">86</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:url id="223F1FD798F90953583E2DF10BFC23B6">http://dx.doi.org/10.25674/so92iss1pp15</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="02B96DE30A8D2168D6C0F1B09EF2A1E3" type="DOI">10.25674/so92iss1pp15</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BF8F1B729CF597AD8347C79F1502550F" type="ISSN">2509-9523</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ED5F4AA1EE97903271D027BCD00B2DE2" type="Zenodo-Dep">10832216</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="D581652BFD19FFE6FF0BFF075B0BFEDD" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BFF075B0BFEDD" blockId="36.[174,634,239,300]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="C66C81CCFD19FFE6FF0BFF075B0BFEDD" bold="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BFF075837FEFA" bold="true" box="[174,634,239,267]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
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4.4.7
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<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FEA5FF185B0BFEDD" authority="Van Loon et al. 1990" authorityName="Van Loon" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglectus">
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<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FEA5FF185BBDFEFB" bold="true" box="[256,496,239,266]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Lasius neglectus</emphasis>
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Van Loon
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<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BFEF85B0BFEDD" bold="true" box="[174,326,272,300]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">et al. 1990</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D581652BFD19FFE6FF0BFEDC5BF7FE9D" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BFEDC5BF7FE9D" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FF0BFEDC58BAFEBA" authority="Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy" authorityName="Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy" authorityYear="1990" box="[174,759,307,331]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglectus">
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<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BFEDC5B2CFEBA" box="[174,353,307,331]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Lasius neglectus</emphasis>
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Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy
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</taxonomicName>
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1990 [
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<typeStatus id="42208802FD19FFE6FF4AFEBD5B6DFE9C" box="[239,288,341,365]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
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investigation]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D581652BFD19FFE6FF0BFE9E5B46FB53" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BFE9E58C1FE3E" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
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Type material:
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<specimenCount id="8B9DFD29FD19FFE6FEF4FE9E586CFE7C" box="[337,545,373,398]" count="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="worker" typeStatus="paratype">7 paratype workers</specimenCount>
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from the
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<typeStatus id="42208802FD19FFE6FD2EFE9D58A7FE7C" box="[651,746,373,397]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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colony labelled ”
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FEC4FE7E5BA7FE5F" box="[353,490,406,430]" name="Hungary" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">HUNGARY</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="5F5FF842FD19FFE6FE54FE7E581BFE5F" box="[497,598,406,430]" country="Hungary" name="Budapest" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Budapest</collectingRegion>
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<date id="E9251060FD19FFE6FDF9FE7E5897FE5F" box="[604,730,406,430]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" value="1988-07-01">
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<collectingDate id="F961E988FD19FFE6FDF9FE7E5897FE5F" box="[604,730,406,430]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" value="1988-07-01">1. VII 1988</collectingDate>
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</date>
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“; depositories:
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<collectionCode id="FB8AAE65FD19FFE6FE9BFE5F5BC2FE3F" box="[318,399,439,462]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">BMNH</collectionCode>
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London,
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<collectionCode id="FB8AAE65FD19FFE6FE52FE5F587FFE3E" box="[503,562,439,463]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14058" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14058" name="Simao District National Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="Herbarium">SMN</collectionCode>
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Görlitz.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BFE3F5B0AFD27" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BFE3F5BE1FE1E" bold="true" box="[174,428,471,495]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">All material examined</emphasis>
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. A total of 69 nest samples with
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<specimenCount id="8B9DFD29FD19FFE6FF32FE115B52FDE1" box="[151,287,504,529]" count="207" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="worker">207 workers</specimenCount>
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were subject to NUMOBAT investigation.
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<location id="9844607BFD19FFE6FF32FDF15A95FDC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06:9844607BFD19FFE6FF32FDF15A95FDC0" box="[151,216,537,561]" country="Belgium" county="For" municipality="Georgia" name="These" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">These</location>
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originated from
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FE07FDF15BB3FDC0" box="[418,510,537,561]" name="Belgium" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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(3 samples),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FD3BFDF158B6FDC0" box="[670,763,537,561]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
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(1),
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<collectingMunicipality id="7D40ACDAFD19FFE6FF66FDD25B57FDA3" box="[195,282,570,594]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Georgia</collectingMunicipality>
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(5),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FEF5FDD35BD4FDA3" box="[336,409,571,594]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">France</collectingCountry>
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(6), Great Britain (1),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FD33FDD258B6FDA3" box="[662,763,570,594]" name="Germany" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Germany</collectingCountry>
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(4),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FF67FDB35B42FD82" box="[194,271,603,627]" name="Greece" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Greece</collectingCountry>
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(5),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FEE6FDB45BEFFD85" box="[323,418,604,628]" name="Hungary" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Hungary</collectingCountry>
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(1),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FE71FDB4584CFD82" box="[468,513,604,627]" name="Iran" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(1),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FD97FDB35823FD82" box="[562,622,603,627]" name="Israel" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Israel</collectingCountry>
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(1),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FD05FDB3589CFD82" box="[672,721,603,627]" name="Italy" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Italy</collectingCountry>
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(1),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FF32FD955B59FD64" box="[151,276,637,661]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
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(6),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FEE7FD945BC1FD65" box="[322,396,636,660]" name="Poland" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Poland</collectingCountry>
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(1),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FE12FD945855FD65" box="[439,536,636,660]" name="Romania" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Romania</collectingCountry>
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(2),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FDE0FD9458CEFD65" box="[581,643,636,660]" name="Spain" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Spain</collectingCountry>
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(5),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FD15FD9458B6FD65" box="[688,763,636,660]" name="Turkey" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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(25),
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FF7DFD755B19FD44" box="[216,340,669,693]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
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(1).
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<collectingCounty id="74454E2CFD19FFE6FE3CFD755BF0FD45" box="[409,445,669,692]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">For</collectingCounty>
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details see supplementary information SI1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BFD365B46FB53" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BFD365BC9FD06" bold="true" box="[174,388,734,759]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Geographic range</emphasis>
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.
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<location id="9844607BFD19FFE6FE3DFD375BAEFD06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06:9844607BFD19FFE6FE3DFD375BAEFD06" box="[408,483,735,759]" country="Iberia, France, Switzerland, Corsica, Italy" county="Invasion of Europe" latitude="54.1" longLatPrecision="33046" longitude="75.0" municipality="Transcaucasia" name="Highly" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Highly</location>
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invasive species having spread from a center most probably situated in Asia Minor.
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<location id="9844607BFD19FFE6FF32FCC85B4DFCC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06:9844607BFD19FFE6FF32FCC85B4DFCC9" box="[151,256,800,824]" country="Iberia, France, Switzerland, Corsica, Italy" county="Invasion of Europe" latitude="54.1" longLatPrecision="33046" longitude="75.0" municipality="Transcaucasia" name="Currently" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Currently</location>
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known distribution:
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<location id="9844607BFD19FFE6FE4AFCC85806FCC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06:9844607BFD19FFE6FE4AFCC85806FCC9" box="[495,587,800,824]" country="Iberia, France, Switzerland, Corsica, Italy" county="Invasion of Europe" latitude="54.1" longLatPrecision="33046" longitude="75.0" municipality="Transcaucasia" name="Tenerife" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Tenerife</location>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FDFCFCC85B81FCA8" isEnumeration="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Iberia, France, Switzerland, Corsica, Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S
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||
<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FDA4FCA95B8DFC8B" isEnumeration="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">England, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FE6EFC8B5866FC8A" box="[459,555,867,891]" name="Hungary" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9844607BFD19FFE6FD93FC8A58DCFC8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153287B6FD19FFE6FF0BFF07591CFD06:9844607BFD19FFE6FD93FC8A58DCFC8B" box="[566,657,866,890]" country="Iberia, France, Switzerland, Corsica, Italy" county="Invasion of Europe" latitude="54.1" longLatPrecision="33046" longitude="75.0" municipality="Transcaucasia" name="Balkans" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Balkans</location>
|
||
,
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<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FD39FC8A58B5FC8B" box="[668,760,866,890]" name="Ukraine" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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, Cis- and
|
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<collectingMunicipality id="7D40ACDAFD19FFE6FEA4FC6B5BD1FC6A" box="[257,412,899,923]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Transcaucasia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FE0EFC6B58B5FC6A" box="[427,760,899,923]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Asia Minor, Iran, Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FF32FC4C5B59FC4D" box="[151,276,932,956]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F8AF5067FD19FFE6FE84FC4C5B15FC4D" box="[289,344,932,956]" degrees="75" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" precision="55555" value="75.0">75°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E58C7630FD19FFE6FECCFC4C5BE5FC4D" box="[361,424,932,956]" name="Israel" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="74454E2CFD19FFE6FE14FC4C5831FC4A" box="[433,636,932,956]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Invasion of Europe</collectingCounty>
|
||
and Middle Asia started in about 1973. The northernmost known site in Europe by the year 2013 is Rostock (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F8AF5067FD19FFE6FDE6FC0E58DCFC0F" box="[579,657,998,1022]" degrees="54.1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" precision="5555" value="54.1">54.1°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectorName id="306E5376FD19FFE6FD06FC0E58AFFC0F" box="[675,738,998,1022]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">There</collectorName>
|
||
is a clear potency for spreading to
|
||
<collectorName id="306E5376FD19FFE6FDA5FBEF58D1FBEE" box="[512,668,1031,1055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">S Scandinavia</collectorName>
|
||
because some
|
||
<collectorName id="306E5376FD19FFE6FF7EFBCF5B57FBCE" box="[219,282,1063,1087]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Asian</collectorName>
|
||
populations survive in regions with mean
|
||
<collectorName id="306E5376FD19FFE6FF32FBA15AA1FB90" box="[151,236,1097,1121]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">January</collectorName>
|
||
temperatures of –5°
|
||
<collectorName id="306E5376FD19FFE6FE40FBA0586EFB91" box="[485,547,1096,1120]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">C. In</collectorName>
|
||
Asia Minor most abundant below
|
||
<quantity id="5A639B45FD19FFE6FEE0FB815BD8FB70" box="[325,405,1129,1153]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation id="16B6D193FD19FFE6FEE0FB815BD8FB70" box="[325,405,1129,1153]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
but some populations also ascend to
|
||
<quantity id="5A639B45FD19FFE6FF16FB625B4AFB53" box="[179,263,1162,1186]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D581652BFD19FFE6FF0BFB43584DF99F" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BFB435871FAF4" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BFB435B50FB32" bold="true" box="[174,285,1195,1219]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="D019031BFD19FFE6FE8BFB435B3BFB32" box="[302,374,1195,1219]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="70.[96,144,374,400]" captionTargetBox="[96,1387,445,1688]" captionTargetId="graphics-66@70.[92,1400,436,1692]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Tab. 2: Members of the Lasius turcicus species complex (nOcc+nGu+nSt> 10)." pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Tab. 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="05A02A25FD19FFE6FE21FB435B97FB32" box="[388,474,1195,1219]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="16.[152,194,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[152,1398,1155,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-57@16.[522,1401,1155,1462]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figs. 13 and 14: Lasius neglectus; paratype" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10832234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10832234/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
–14; key; images in www. antWeb.org with specimen identifiers CASENT0173143, CASENT0280447, CASENT0903220):
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BFAE6584DF99F" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Body size small (CS 772 µm). Number of mandibular dents low (MaDe
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FEC3FAD75B33FABC" attach="left" box="[358,382,1343,1357]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
7.3). Clypeal pubescence dilute (sqPDCL
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FF5FFA885B5FFA9F" attach="left" box="[250,274,1376,1390]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
5.39). Pronotal setae rather short (PnHL/ CS
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FF12FA685A82FA7F" attach="left" box="[183,207,1408,1422]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
0.127), not much longer than gular setae (GuHL/ CS
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FF12FA495A82FA5E" attach="left" box="[183,207,1441,1455]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
0.115). Petiole scale in lateral view thin and forming an acute tip. Pubescence hairs on frons rather long (PLF 34.1 µm). Dorsum of scape and hind tibiae without or few, occasional setae. Coloration: Head, mesosoma and gaster dark brown; mandibles, antennae, tibiae and tarsae light yellowish-brown. For separation from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FD26F9DE58B1F9BC" authorityName="Sant SANTSCHI" authorityYear="1921" box="[643,764,1590,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FD26F9DE58B1F9BC" box="[643,764,1590,1613]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. turcicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FF60F9BF5B00F99F" authority="Seifert, 2020" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2020" box="[197,333,1623,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="precursor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF60F9BF5B00F99F" box="[197,333,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. precursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B4DC57C9FD19FFE6FEF6F9BF5BE8F99F" box="[339,421,1623,1646]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
see key.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D581652BFD19FFE6FF0BF99F5889F97E" box="[174,708,1655,1680]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BF99F5889F97E" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" box="[174,708,1655,1680]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BF99F5B4EF97E" bold="true" box="[174,259,1655,1679]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. See the short summary in Seifert (2018).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D581652BFD19FFE6FF0BF970591CFD06" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9D2436A0FD19FFE6FF0BF970591CFD06" blockId="36.[151,764,307,1975]" lastBlockId="36.[786,1399,241,759]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF0BF9705B64F941" bold="true" box="[174,297,1688,1712]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. This invasive species has been issue of perhaps a hundred publications during the last three decades. The determination in the introduction areas, where no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FEB0F9145BD9F8E2" authorityName="Sant SANTSCHI" authorityYear="1921" box="[277,404,1788,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FEB0F9145BD9F8E2" box="[277,404,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. turcicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FE69F9145813F8E2" authority="Seifert, 2020" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2020" box="[460,606,1788,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="precursor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FE69F9145813F8E2" box="[460,606,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. precursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B4DC57C9FD19FFE6FDCBF9135887F8E3" box="[622,714,1787,1810]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are present, is usually easy because of its impressive colony structure but initial colonies might be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FF32F8B65B19F884" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,340,1885,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psammophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FF32F8B65B19F884" box="[151,340,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. psammophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FE2AF8B6586BF884" authorityName="Stitz" authorityYear="1930" box="[399,550,1885,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FE2AF8B6586BF884" box="[399,550,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. obscuratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The latter species differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FEB1F8975BDAF867" authorityName="Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy" authorityYear="1990" box="[276,407,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FEB1F8975BDAF867" box="[276,407,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. neglectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by longer pronotal setae, shorter maxillary palps and higher number of mandibular dents. The separation from the sister species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FB6EFF1A5F09FEF8" authorityName="Sant SANTSCHI" authorityYear="1921" box="[1227,1348,242,265]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FB6EFF1A5F09FEF8" box="[1227,1348,242,265]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. turcicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FCB7FEFB59D3FEDB" authority="Seifert, 2020" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2020" box="[786,926,275,298]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="precursor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FCB7FEFB59D3FEDB" box="[786,926,275,298]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. precursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B4DC57C9FD19FFE6FC0CFEFB59B2FEDB" box="[937,1023,275,298]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is most challenging and requires complex character combinations. Using 15 standard characters (MP6/CS
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FC53FE8C5E43FE83" attach="left" box="[1014,1038,356,370]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
excluded) in exploratory data analyses, 55 nest samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FBF0FE9E5E96FE7C" authorityName="Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy" authorityYear="1990" box="[1109,1243,373,397]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FBF0FE9E5E96FE7C" box="[1109,1243,373,397]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. neglectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separated from of 128 nest samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FBE2FE7F5EF1FE5F" authorityName="Sant SANTSCHI" authorityYear="1921" box="[1095,1212,407,430]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FBE2FE7F5EF1FE5F" box="[1095,1212,407,430]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. turcicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A9B4D23FD19FFE6FB4AFE7F5F3AFE5F" authority="Seifert, 2020" authorityName="Seifert" authorityYear="2020" box="[1263,1399,407,430]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="precursor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFEFEAB2FD19FFE6FB4AFE7F5F3AFE5F" box="[1263,1399,407,430]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">L. precursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B4DC57C9FD19FFE6FCB7FE5F5929FE3F" box="[786,868,439,462]" pageId="36" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with the following error rates: 3.8% in NC-Ward, 2.2% in NC-part.kmeans, and 3.3% in NC-NMDSkmeans – in the mean 3.1%. This is below the 4% error threshold accepted here to indicate heterospecificity. Reducing the number of characters to 10 (CS, CL/CW
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FAF2FDA25F22FDA9" attach="left" box="[1367,1391,586,600]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, SL/CS
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FCFDFD83593DFD88" attach="left" box="[856,880,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, nHT
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FC11FD835981FD88" attach="left" box="[948,972,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, nOcc
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FBB3FD835E63FD88" attach="left" box="[1046,1070,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, nGU
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FBD6FD835EC6FD88" attach="left" box="[1139,1163,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, GuHL/CS
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FAAFFD835F6FFD88" attach="left" box="[1290,1314,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, nSt
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FAF2FD835F22FD88" attach="left" box="[1367,1391,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, dClAn/CS
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FC26FD6459D6FD6B" attach="left" box="[899,923,652,666]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
, EYE/CS
|
||
<subScript id="011F34E5FD19FFE6FBA8FD645E68FD6B" attach="left" box="[1037,1061,652,666]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="51">900</subScript>
|
||
) the performance is slightly improved: 3.8% in NC-Ward, 1.6% in NC-part.kmeans, and 2.2% in NC-NMDS-kmeans, giving a total mean of 2.5%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |