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<document id="A195222A253F4795CD1B16C723A23D9A" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630458879514" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Biju, S. D. &amp; Bossuyt, Franky" docDate="2009" docId="03F5945FFF8E1E66FF21F96FFF68C351" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Philautus dubois Biju &amp; Bossuyt 2005" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="413" masterDocId="FFCCEC27FFAB1E41FFE9FFFDFF8CC65A" masterDocTitle="Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="374" pageNumber="411" updateTime="1699278541911" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="9A3A3DDE4AA76BD1B2E49985FE79DEDB">Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="48B77971CA90D51D2151F53AB133C767">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="61CD314615AEC0544648F5EADA5F0655">Bossuyt, Franky</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0C46A0171EE644E1B04E87DB914953BA">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="399E6CB0405EEE42791A6CB3A952A367">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FD52B67DCB7039DDF0E454F366090BBE">2009-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8F779DA371D30D19BE4982ECCB08B434">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="160297F07AC244560A420FEEBC7C67D9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A459DE9145F2B84A23FC43B7EF4AA158" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C481597D95835D6796F1E737B7967B5B" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1C9AFD3A83755A09C04C70E7C2CD0F4F" type="Zenodo-Dep">5445358</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F5945FFF8E1E66FF21F96FFF68C351" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492417" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5492417" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF8E1E66FF21F96FFF68C351" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5945FFF8E1E66FF21F96FFF68C351" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF8E1E64FF21F96FFD32C0FD" box="[200,702,1681,1703]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8E1E64FF21F96FFD32C0FD" blockId="37.[200,702,1681,1703]" box="[200,702,1681,1703]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
<heading id="D0AB9225FF8E1E64FF21F96FFD32C0FD" box="[200,702,1681,1703]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8E1E64FF21F96FFD32C0FD" ID-CoL="4G5FR" authority="BIJU &amp; BOSSUYT, 2005" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[200,702,1681,1703]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubois">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FF21F96FFE2AC0FF" box="[200,422,1682,1703]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">PHILAUTUS DUBOIS</emphasis>
BIJU &amp; BOSSUYT, 2005
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF8E1E66FEE4F945FF68C351" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8E1E64FEE4F945FDF5C094" blockId="37.[269,633,1720,1742]" box="[269,633,1720,1742]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
(
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8E1E64FEFCF945FEEDC097" box="[277,353,1720,1741]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[164,243,1531,1550]" captionTargetBox="[167,1442,195,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-103@6.[164,1444,193,1501]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram (GTR + G + I; –Ln L = 14 763.97) for the mitochondrial DNA data set of 1488 bp of 34 taxa of Western Ghats Philautus and five outgroup species. Numbers above branches indicate nonparametric bootstrap values under maximum parsimony (MP). Numbers below branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. *Values of less than 50." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445362/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">FIGS 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8E1E64FE99F945FE48C097" box="[368,452,1720,1741]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="37.[806,885,1058,1077]" captionTargetBox="[810,1419,195,1027]" captionTargetId="figure-553@37.[810,1419,195,1027]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 30. Philautus dubois: A, paratype (BNHS 4286); B, an individual (not preserved) from Kodaikanal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445418/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">30A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8E1E64FE3AF945FDD0C097" box="[467,604,1720,1741]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="38.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[185,1422,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@38.[182,1425,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 31. Distribution map. A, Philautus dubois; B, map showing Malabar (shaded in grey), from which the type of Philautus flaviventris was collected; C, Philautus glandulosus; D, Philautus graminirupes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445420/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">31A; TABLE</figureCitation>
2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8E1E64FF79F922FE4EC135" blockId="37.[144,758,1758,1903]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FF79F922FEB8C0A9" box="[144,308,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF8E1E64FED7F923FE4EC135" collectionCode="SVL" country="India" location="Kodaikanal" municipality="Dindigal" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" specimenCode="BNHS 4281, BNHS 4282-4285, BNHS 4286, BNHS 4287" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF8E1E64FED7F923FE2BC0AE" box="[318,423,1758,1780]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8E1E64FE5DF922FDB3C0AE" box="[436,575,1759,1780]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">BNHS 4281</specimenCode>
, an adult male,
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF8E1E64FF79F900FF4EC148" box="[144,194,1789,1810]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">SVL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8E1E64FF3DF900FEB5C148" box="[212,313,1789,1811]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
, from
<location id="8E837392FF8E1E64FE73F900FDACC149" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF8E1E66FF21F96FFF68C351:8E837392FF8E1E64FE73F900FDACC149" box="[410,544,1789,1811]" country="India" municipality="Dindigal" name="Kodaikanal" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Kodaikanal</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87BF33FF8E1E64FDD1F900FD11C149" box="[568,669,1789,1811]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">Dindigal</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFF8E1E64FD5DF900FF5DC168" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34B65D9FF8E1E64FF34F8E1FE90C168" box="[221,284,1820,1842]" name="India" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">India</collectingCountry>
;
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF8E1E64FEC0F8E1FE11C16B" box="[297,413,1820,1841]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8E1E64FE41F8E1FDF4C16B" box="[424,632,1819,1841]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">BNHS 4282–4285</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF8E1E64FD6DF8E1FD7AC168" box="[644,758,1820,1842]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" type="adult">four adult</specimenCount>
males, and
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8E1E64FEF2F8C7FE2BC10A" box="[283,423,1850,1872]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">BNHS 4286</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8E1E64FE01F8C7FDFAC115" box="[488,630,1850,1871]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">BNHS 4287</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF8E1E64FD6FF8C6FD7AC10A" box="[646,758,1850,1872]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
females, from Kodaikanal.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8E1E64FCCFFB73FC7BC2BB" blockId="37.[806,1421,1166,1249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FCCFFB73FBB4C2F9" box="[806,1080,1166,1187]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">Other material studied:</emphasis>
BNHS 4448, an adult male, from Eravikulam; BNHS 4449, an adult male, from Konalar (
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF8E1E64FC7DFB36FC66C2BB" box="[916,1002,1227,1249]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8E1E64FCCFFAE9FC1CC044" blockId="37.[806,1422,1299,1903]" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FCCFFAE9FBF7C372" box="[806,1147,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8E1E64FC46FAEEFBF7C372" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[943,1147,1299,1320]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubois">Philautus dubois</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from known congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) small adult snout–vent length; (2) body rather robust; (3) supernumerary tubercles welldeveloped on all toes; (4) dorsum and lateral side prominently granular; (5) thigh and shank coffee brown and intermingled with light-grey and yellow blotches; (6) ventral side of forelimb coarsely granular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8E1E66FCD6F9DAFD7BC7C9" blockId="37.[806,1422,1299,1903]" lastBlockId="39.[144,759,198,403]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">
Because of the overall appearance,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8E1E64FB37F9DAFACBC066" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[1246,1351,1575,1596]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubois">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FB37F9DAFACBC066" box="[1246,1351,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">P. dubois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be confused with two brown species from the Western Ghats,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8E1E64FC90F998FC46C023" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2006" box="[889,970,1636,1658]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anili">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FC90F998FC46C023" box="[889,970,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">P. anili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8E1E64FBEBF998FBF5C020" box="[1026,1145,1637,1658]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FBEBF998FBF5C020" box="[1026,1145,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">P. tinniens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8E1E64FC8FF97EFC37C0C2" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2006" box="[870,955,1667,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anili">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FC8FF97EFC37C0C2" box="[870,955,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">P. anili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its smaller male snout–vent length, SVL 20.7 ± 1.0 mm,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FBE4F95FFBADC0ED" box="[1037,1057,1698,1719]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">N</emphasis>
= 7 (vs. medium male size, SVL 24.6 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8E1E64FC9AF93DFC46C08F" box="[883,970,1728,1750]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FC0DF93DFC74C08F" box="[996,1016,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">N</emphasis>
= 13), snout oval (vs. pointed), shank shorter than thigh, ShL 9.1 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8E1E64FB09F922FAB9C0AE" box="[1248,1333,1759,1780]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
vs. TL 9.8 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8E1E64FC8CF900FC30C148" box="[869,956,1789,1810]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FC21F903FC50C149" box="[968,988,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">N</emphasis>
= 7 (vs. shank longer than thigh, ShL 12.3 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8E1E64FC9AF8E6FC44C16B" box="[883,968,1819,1841]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
vs. TL 11.4 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8E1E64FB9CF8E1FB40C16B" box="[1141,1228,1820,1841]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8E1E64FB35F8E1FB7CC16B" box="[1244,1264,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="411">N</emphasis>
= 13), lateral side light yellowish with light-brown spots (vs. lateral side with dark-brown blotches alternated with light-grey patches). Additionally, some colour morphs could be confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8C1E66FE73FF18FD9DC6A0" box="[410,529,229,250]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FE73FF18FD9DC6A0" box="[410,529,229,250]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">P. tinniens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8C1E66FD79FF18FD7AC6A3" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[656,758,228,250]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubois">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FD79FF18FD7AC6A3" box="[656,758,228,250]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">P. dubois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8C1E66FEC9FEF9FE15C743" box="[288,409,260,281]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FEC9FEF9FE15C743" box="[288,409,260,281]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">P. tinniens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its shank longer than foot length, ShL 9.1 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8C1E66FE9FFEDFFE47C76D" box="[374,459,290,311]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
vs. FOL 7.7 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8C1E66FD72FEDFFD7EC76D" box="[667,754,290,311]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FF79FEBCFF28C70C" box="[144,164,321,342]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">N</emphasis>
= 7, male (vs. shank subequal to foot length, ShL 8.5 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8C1E66FF27FEA2FEAFC72E" box="[206,291,351,372]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
vs. FOL 8.4 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8C1E66FE23FEA2FDADC72E" box="[458,545,351,373]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FDC5FE9DFDCCC72F" box="[556,576,352,373]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">N</emphasis>
= 3), and colour of all fingers being grey (vs. first two fingers yellow).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FF8D1E67FF4DF8CFFBE2C139" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445420" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445420/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="412" startId="38.[164,243,1842,1861]" targetBox="[185,1422,197,1810]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8D1E67FF4DF8CFFBE2C139" blockId="38.[164,1441,1842,1891]" pageId="38" pageNumber="412">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8D1E67FF4DF8CFFE95C11C" bold="true" box="[164,281,1842,1862]" pageId="38" pageNumber="412">Figure 31.</emphasis>
Distribution map. A,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8D1E67FDE5F8CEFD4DC11C" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[524,705,1843,1862]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="412" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubois">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8D1E67FDE5F8CEFD4DC11C" box="[524,705,1843,1862]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="412">Philautus dubois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B, map showing Malabar (shaded in grey), from which the type of
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8D1E67FF4DF8ADFE04C139" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[164,392,1872,1891]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="412" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flaviventris">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8D1E67FF4DF8ADFE04C139" box="[164,392,1872,1891]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="412">Philautus flaviventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected; C,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8D1E67FDA5F8ADFCB7C139" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[588,827,1872,1891]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="412" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8D1E67FDA5F8ADFCB7C139" box="[588,827,1872,1891]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="412">Philautus glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; D,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8D1E67FC82F8ADFBE4C139" box="[875,1128,1872,1891]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="412" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graminirupes">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8D1E67FC82F8ADFBE4C139" box="[875,1128,1872,1891]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="412">Philautus graminirupes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8C1E66FF79FE46FD7BC7B5" blockId="39.[144,759,443,495]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FF79FE46FE4FC78A" box="[144,451,443,464]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
Description of the
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF8C1E66FEB6FE46FE32C78A" box="[351,446,443,464]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
A detailed description and illustrations were published in
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD58B8FF8C1E66FE1CFE24FD7FC7B5" author="Biju SD &amp; Bossuyt F" box="[501,755,473,495]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref42935" refString="Biju SD, Bossuyt F. 2006. Two new Philautus (Anura: Ranidae, Rhacophorinae) from the Western Ghats, India. Amphibia-Reptilia 27: 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2006">Biju &amp; Bossuyt (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8C1E66FF79FDEAFD0AC411" blockId="39.[144,759,535,587]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FF79FDEAFE8CC476" box="[144,256,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Variation:</emphasis>
Measurements of
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF8C1E66FE0BFDEAFD14C477" box="[482,664,535,557]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" type="generic">nine specimens</specimenCount>
, including
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF8C1E66FF54FDCBFEB5C411" box="[189,313,566,587]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" type="generic" typeStatus="type">seven type</specimenCount>
series, are given in
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF8C1E66FDC5FDC8FD0DC411" box="[556,641,565,587]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8C1E66FF79FD8EFD1CC527" blockId="39.[144,759,627,1108]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FF79FD8EFD8CC4D2" box="[144,512,627,648]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
Colour in life:
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8C1E66FED2FD8EFD8CC4D2" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[315,512,627,648]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubois">Philautus dubois</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is highly variable in dorsal coloration: dorsally greyish white, light green, yellowish green, dark-cobalt green, dark-orange reddish, brown, reddish brown, or brownish green; in all the colour forms, the dorsal markings are either in the form of an inverted ‘V’ or a pair of lateral concave lines/scattered spots extending from the posterior border of eyes to the vent. For a detailed discussion on colour variation, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD58B8FF8C1E66FE6CFC95FD00C527" author="Biju SD &amp; Bossuyt F" box="[389,652,871,894]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref42935" refString="Biju SD, Bossuyt F. 2006. Two new Philautus (Anura: Ranidae, Rhacophorinae) from the Western Ghats, India. Amphibia-Reptilia 27: 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2006">Biju &amp; Bossuyt (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8C1E66FF41FC7BFDA6C20E" blockId="39.[144,759,627,1108]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
The colour during the breeding period is generally brighter than that of the non-breeding period (when the frogs hibernate under stones or in crevices). The skin texture also shows considerable variation, especially in female specimens. One female (BNHS 4286) collected from rock crevices has less granular projections on the lateral side (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8C1E66FE53FBC3FD93C20E" box="[442,543,1086,1108]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="37.[806,885,1058,1077]" captionTargetBox="[810,1419,195,1027]" captionTargetId="figure-553@37.[810,1419,195,1027]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 30. Philautus dubois: A, paratype (BNHS 4286); B, an individual (not preserved) from Kodaikanal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445418/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Fig. 30A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FF8C1E66FCCFFBA1FAA6C2F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445422" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445422/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" startId="39.[806,885,1116,1135]" targetBox="[812,1416,194,1086]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8C1E66FCCFFBA1FAA6C2F0" blockId="39.[806,1421,1116,1194]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FCCFFBA1FC10C235" bold="true" box="[806,924,1116,1135]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Figure 32.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8C1E66FBAAFBA1FABCC235" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1091,1328,1116,1135]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="413" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flaviventris">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FBAAFBA1FABCC235" box="[1091,1328,1116,1135]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Philautus flaviventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BNHS 1947.2.26.98). A, lateral view of head; B, ventral view of hand; C, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8C1E66FF79FB86FF68C351" blockId="39.[144,759,1147,1291]" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8C1E66FF79FB86FDA3C2CA" box="[144,559,1147,1168]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Distribution and natural history:</emphasis>
Eravikulam in
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFF8C1E66FF79FB67FF6CC2EA" box="[144,224,1178,1200]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Kerala</collectingRegion>
, and Kodaikanal and Konalar in
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFF8C1E66FD85FB67FD7AC2EA" box="[620,758,1178,1200]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8C1E66FF71FB45FF76C297" box="[152,250,1208,1230]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="38.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[185,1422,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@38.[182,1425,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 31. Distribution map. A, Philautus dubois; B, map showing Malabar (shaded in grey), from which the type of Philautus flaviventris was collected; C, Philautus glandulosus; D, Philautus graminirupes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445420/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Fig. 31A</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF8C1E66FEFDFB45FEEAC294" box="[276,358,1208,1230]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[164,228,200,219]" captionText="Table 1. Collection localities that are discussed in the text. Localities are arranged by state" pageId="39" pageNumber="413">Table 1</tableCitation>
). All specimens were collected during a rainy night from leaves, about 1-m high in shrubs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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