603 lines
70 KiB
XML
603 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="F93139E944FC2AAD351E3F6EB5923C26" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3860.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9f9d1b0-6696-4e9c-8f67-584156edca36" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="230094" ID-ZooBank="73432BFC-DD6F-4E62-9C41-FCBBEA1A7D29" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460903836584" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="White, William T." docDate="2014" docId="03F55B39FF20CD69FF3AF95DFA07FD80" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03860p166.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3860 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aetomylaeus Garman 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="157" masterDocId="FFCC2341FF24CD61FFADFFF9FF8DFF98" masterDocTitle="A revised generic arrangement for the eagle ray family Myliobatidae, with definitions for the valid genera" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="149" pageNumber="153" updateTime="1698360619140" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="9EFD568382CC187D3B89345B2930FEB7">A revised generic arrangement for the eagle ray family Myliobatidae, with definitions for the valid genera</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C61796DB57BB4DF7B10EB04A56B84BAF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6F0CA9177289F9A8D6A2864D0FF16521">White, William T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="58628BA69C5EA1A2C2393B9257A8AA0B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E65243F53F092E584EF1ED44BA2AA8A7">
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<mods:date id="3D58997D9EFB0950DFBBA0E951CFC55B">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="094EA183B479694B33708A8562CF5197" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B4CD2E4DE12845B3A373608589A675FB">3860</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F55B39FF20CD69FF3AF95DFA07FD80" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6495032" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119587905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6495032" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F55B39FF20CD69FF3AF95DFA07FD80" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F55B39FF20CD69FF3AF95DFA07FD80" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
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<subSubSection id="C346B9A4FF20CD65FF3AF95DFDCEF926" box="[151,579,1699,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF20CD65FF3AF95DFDCEF926" blockId="4.[151,579,1699,1726]" box="[151,579,1699,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
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<heading id="D0AB5D43FF20CD65FF3AF95DFDCEF926" bold="true" box="[151,579,1699,1726]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FF3AF95DFDCEF926" bold="true" box="[151,579,1699,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FF43F95AFDCEF926" ID-CoL="PXJ" ID-ENA="115856" authority="Garman, 1908" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1908" box="[238,579,1699,1726]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FF43F95AFE04F925" bold="true" box="[238,393,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FE3DF95DFDCEF926" author="Garman" box="[400,579,1700,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Garman, S. (1908) New Plagiostomia and Chismopnea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 51 (9), 249 - 256." type="journal article" year="1908">
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<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF20CD65FE3DF95DFE76F926" box="[400,507,1700,1726]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Garman</collectingCountry>
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||
, 1908
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C346B9A4FF20CD66FF3AF913FDA2FD68" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF20CD65FF3AF913FEC9F887" blockId="4.[151,1435,1770,1915]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FF3AF913FDA4F898" ID-CoL="5WB9" authority="Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1817" authorityName="Geoffroy St. Hilaire" authorityYear="1817" box="[151,553,1770,1792]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FF3AF913FE89F898" box="[151,260,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Myliobatis</emphasis>
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Geoffroy St.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FE36F913FDA4F898" author="Hilaire" box="[411,553,1770,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Geoffroy St. Hilaire, E. (1817) Poissons du Nil, de la mer Rouge et de la Mediterranee. In: Description de l'Egypte ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'expedition de l'Armee francais, publie par les ordres de sa Majeste-L'Empereur Napoleon le Grand. (Imprimerie Imperiale). Histoire Naturelle, 1 (1), pls. 18 - 27. [Paris]" type="journal article" year="1817">Hilaire, 1817</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
: pl. 26 (
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<typeStatus id="54E7548DFF20CD65FD2BF913FD37F898" box="[646,698,1770,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FCB4F913FB75F898" ID-CoL="743P4" authority="Geoffroy St. Hilaire, 1817" authorityName="Geoffroy St. Hilaire" authorityYear="1817" box="[793,1272,1770,1792]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovina">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FCB4F913FC58F898" box="[793,981,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Myliobatis bovina</emphasis>
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Geoffroy St.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FBC1F913FB75F898" author="Hilaire" box="[1132,1272,1770,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Geoffroy St. Hilaire, E. (1817) Poissons du Nil, de la mer Rouge et de la Mediterranee. In: Description de l'Egypte ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'expedition de l'Armee francais, publie par les ordres de sa Majeste-L'Empereur Napoleon le Grand. (Imprimerie Imperiale). Histoire Naturelle, 1 (1), pls. 18 - 27. [Paris]" type="journal article" year="1817">Hilaire, 1817</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by subsequent designation)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF20CD65FF3AF8D1FE61F8E3" blockId="4.[151,1435,1770,1915]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4CCD01FF20CD65FF3AF8D1FE61F8E3" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FF3AF8D1FE6FF8A6" ID-CoL="PXJ" authority="Garman, 1908: 252" authorityName="Garman" authorityPageNumber="252" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,482,1832,1854]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FF3AF8D1FE95F8A6" box="[151,280,1832,1854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFDCC3EFF20CD65FEB3F8D1FE6FF8A6" author="Garman" box="[286,482,1832,1854]" page="252" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" year="1908">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FEB3F8D1FE3EF8A6" author="Garman" box="[286,435,1832,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Garman, S. (1908) New Plagiostomia and Chismopnea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 51 (9), 249 - 256." type="journal article" year="1908">
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<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF20CD65FEB3F8D1FEFFF8A6" box="[286,370,1832,1854]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Garman</collectingCountry>
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, 1908
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 252
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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||
<typeStatus id="54E7548DFF20CD65FE5DF8D1FDA9F8A6" box="[496,548,1832,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FDD4F8D1FC5FF8A6" authority="Gray, 1834" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1834" box="[633,978,1832,1854]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FDD4F8D1FCD7F8A6" box="[633,858,1832,1854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Myliobatus maculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FCCDF8D1FC5FF8A6" author="Gray" box="[864,978,1832,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Gray, J. E. (1834) Illustrations of Indian zoology; chiefly selected from the collection of Major-General Hardwicke, F. R. S. Vol. 1. & 2. Treuttel, Wurtsz, Treuttel, Jun. and Richter, London, Pls. 1 - 202. [20 parts in 2 vols]" type="book chapter" year="1834">Gray, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation)
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FF3AF8BFFE7FF8C4" authority="Garman, 1913: 437" authorityName="Garman" authorityPageNumber="437" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,498,1862,1884]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FF3AF8BFFEACF8C4" box="[151,289,1862,1884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFDCC3EFF20CD65FE84F8BFFE7FF8C4" author="Garman" box="[297,498,1862,1884]" page="437" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" year="1913">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FE84F8BFFE4DF8C4" author="Garman" box="[297,448,1862,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (sharks, skates, and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 36, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">
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<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF20CD65FE84F8BFFEF0F8C4" box="[297,381,1862,1884]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Garman</collectingCountry>
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, 1913
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 437
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54E7548DFF20CD65FDACF8BFFDB8F8C4" box="[513,565,1862,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FD23F8BFFC48F8C4" ID-CoL="453C7" authority="Gilbert" authorityName="Gilbert" box="[654,965,1862,1885]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FD23F8BFFCF8F8C5" box="[654,885,1862,1885]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Myliobatis asperrimus</emphasis>
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Gilbert
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FC60F8B1FC6CF8C5" box="[973,993,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">in</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FC47F8BFFB70F8C4" author="Jordan" box="[1002,1277,1862,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Jordan, D. S. & Evermann, B. W. (1898) The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fishlike vertebrates found in the waters of North America north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part III. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 47, 2183 - 3136." type="journal article" year="1898">
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<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF20CD65FC47F8BFFBA3F8C4" box="[1002,1070,1862,1884]" name="Jordan" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Jordan</collectingCountry>
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& Evermann, 1898
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</bibRefCitation>
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, by subsequent designation by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF20CD65FECFF89CFE6BF8E3" author="Jordan" box="[354,486,1893,1915]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" refString="Jordan, D. S. (1920) The genera of fishes, part IV, from 1881 to 1920, thirty-nine years, with the accepted type of each. A contribution to the stability of scientific nomenclature. Leland Stanford Jr. University Publications, University Series, 43, 411 - 576." type="journal article" year="1920">
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<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF20CD65FECFF89CFE25F8E3" box="[354,424,1893,1915]" name="Jordan" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Jordan</collectingCountry>
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, 1920
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF20CD65FF3AF851FCA9F87C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1960,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FF3AF851FF78F859" bold="true" box="[151,245,1960,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF20CD65FF51F851FE06F858" ID-CoL="PXJ" box="[252,395,1960,1984]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF20CD65FF51F851FE06F858" box="[252,395,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes 6 valid nominal species (see Table 1). In addition, there is one undescribed species from northern
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<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF20CD65FE97F835FE2CF87D" box="[314,417,1996,2021]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(W. White & P. Last, in progress).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF23BAA7FF21CD64FF3AF85FFA82F824" box="[151,1295,1958,1981]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230095/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" targetBox="[343,1236,224,1900]" targetPageId="5">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF21CD64FF3AF85FFA82F824" blockId="5.[151,1295,1958,1981]" box="[151,1295,1958,1981]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF21CD64FF3AF85FFE9EF824" bold="true" box="[151,275,1958,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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Lateral view of head of: A)
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF21CD64FD9EF85FFC85F824" ID-CoL="65DZD" box="[563,776,1958,1980]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="narutobiei">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF21CD64FD9EF85FFC85F824" box="[563,776,1958,1980]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Aetobatus narutobiei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, B)
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF21CD64FC98F85FFC73F824" ID-CoL="65DPG" box="[821,1022,1958,1980]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="milvus">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF21CD64FC98F85FFC73F824" box="[821,1022,1958,1980]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Aetomylaeus milvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and C)
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF21CD64FBF8F85FFA84F824" ID-CoL="453D8" box="[1109,1289,1958,1980]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tobijei">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF21CD64FBF8F85FFA84F824" box="[1109,1289,1958,1980]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Myliobatis tobijei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF23BAA7FF22CD67FF3AFC88FAFCFC1F" box="[151,1393,881,904]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230096/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" targetBox="[172,1387,251,824]" targetPageId="6">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF22CD67FF3AFC88FAFCFC1F" blockId="6.[151,1393,881,904]" box="[151,1393,881,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
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<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FF3AFC88FE9FFC1E" bold="true" box="[151,274,881,903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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Pectoral-fin free rear tip shape in: A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FD38FC88FCE7FC1F" ID-CoL="65DZD" box="[661,874,881,903]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="narutobiei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FD38FC88FCE7FC1F" box="[661,874,881,903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Aetobatus narutobiei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FC3BFC88FBEDFC1F" ID-CoL="65DPG" box="[918,1120,881,903]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="milvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FC3BFC88FBEDFC1F" box="[918,1120,881,903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Aetomylaeus milvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FB1AFC88FAE6FC1F" ID-CoL="453D8" box="[1207,1387,881,903]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tobijei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FB1AFC88FAE6FC1F" box="[1207,1387,881,903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis tobijei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF23BAA7FF22CD67FF3AFA1AFE79F980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230097/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" targetBox="[176,1418,988,1470]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF22CD67FF3AFA1AFE79F980" blockId="6.[151,1436,1507,1560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FF3AFA1AFE9EFA60" bold="true" box="[151,275,1507,1529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of head highlighting spiracular opening and rostral lobe in: A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FB89FA1AFB60FA61" ID-CoL="65DZW" box="[1060,1261,1507,1529]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FB89FA1AFB60FA61" box="[1060,1261,1507,1529]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Aetobatus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FAB6FA1AFF69F980" ID-CoL="65DPH" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nichofii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FAB6FA1AFF69F980" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Aetomylaeus nichofii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FE96F9FBFE62F980" ID-CoL="453D8" box="[315,495,1538,1560]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tobijei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FE96F9FBFE62F980" box="[315,495,1538,1560]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis tobijei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF22CD66FF6AF9C6FDA2FD68" blockId="6.[151,1436,1599,2020]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,752]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FF6AF9C6FECBF9C0" bold="true" box="[199,326,1599,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Definition.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FEE3F9C6FE50F9CF" ID-CoL="PXJ" box="[334,477,1599,1623]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FEE3F9C6FE50F9CF" box="[334,477,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from the other two myliobatid genera in the following combination of characters: Anteriormost part of pectoral fins joins head slightly below eye, above level of snout (vs. at level of eye in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FF4EF97EFEDEF907" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[227,339,1671,1695]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FF4EF97EFEDEF907" box="[227,339,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and well below eye in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FDF1F97EFD59F907" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[604,724,1671,1695]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FDF1F97EFD59F907" box="[604,724,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1367F6AAFF22CD67FD4FF97EFCAFF907" box="[738,802,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1958,1980]" captionTargetBox="[343,1236,224,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[281,1306,195,1934]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral view of head of: A) Aetobatus narutobiei, B) Aetomylaeus milvus, and C) Myliobatis tobijei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230095/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rostral part of pectoral fins (snout) without subocular ridges connecting them to pectoral disc (vs. connected to pectoral disc in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FC76F952FBDEF95B" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[987,1107,1707,1731]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FC76F952FBDEF95B" box="[987,1107,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); pectoral radials interrupted from separate cephalic lobe (vs. continuous below eyes onto rostral lobe in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FBA9F936FBF1F97F" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[1028,1148,1743,1767]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FBA9F936FBF1F97F" box="[1028,1148,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); rostral radial cartilages much less developed than pectoral radials (vs. no less or only slightly less developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FBC5F90AFB6DF893" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[1128,1248,1779,1803]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FBC5F90AFB6DF893" box="[1128,1248,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Free rear tip of pectoral-fin with an angular, somewhat pointed apex (vs. broadly rounded apex in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FB1BF8EEFAABF8B7" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[1206,1318,1815,1839]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FB1BF8EEFAABF8B7" box="[1206,1318,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1367F6AAFF22CD67FA92F8EEFA03F8B7" box="[1343,1422,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,881,903]" captionTargetBox="[172,1387,251,824]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pectoral-fin free rear tip shape in: A) Aetobatus narutobiei, B) Aetomylaeus milvus, and C) Myliobatis tobijei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230096/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesopterygium absent or fused with the scapulocoracoid (vs. mesopterygium consisting of several components that all articulate with scapulocoracoid in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FDDCF8A6FD64F8EF" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[625,745,1887,1911]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FDDCF8A6FD64F8EF" box="[625,745,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Head relatively narrow (vs. relatively broad in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FAB9F8A6FA01F8EF" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[1300,1420,1887,1911]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FAB9F8A6FA01F8EF" box="[1300,1420,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Postorbital process of chondrocranium with the anterior and posterior sections secondarily distally fused, with a large foramen evidence of this fusion (vs. with two separate parts, a small triangular anterior section and an expanded plate-like posterior section in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF22CD67FDD0F832FD78F87B" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[637,757,1995,2019]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF22CD67FDD0F832FD78F87B" box="[637,757,1995,2019]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); lateral margin of process not prolonged and ventrally protruding (vs. prolonged and ventrally protruded, forming a bar-like projection in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB90FF61FB20FF28" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[1085,1197,152,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB90FF61FB20FF28" box="[1085,1197,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Spiracles lateral on head, openings not visible in dorsal view (vs. dorsolateral on head and openings almost completely visible in dorsal view in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF58FF19FEE8FF60" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[245,357,224,248]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF58FF19FEE8FF60" box="[245,357,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1367F6AAFF23CD66FED8FF26FE34FF60" box="[373,441,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1507,1529]" captionTargetBox="[176,1418,988,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,953,1485]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal view of head highlighting spiracular opening and rostral lobe in: A) Aetobatus ocellatus, B) Aetomylaeus nichofii, and C) Myliobatis tobijei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230097/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nasal curtain straight or slightly undulated (vs. deeply notched in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB65FF19FAB5FF60" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[1224,1336,224,248]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB65FF19FAB5FF60" box="[1224,1336,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1367F6AAFF23CD66FAE5FF26FA03FF60" box="[1352,1422,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1339,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1401,837,1285]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,805,1318]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Nasal curtain shape in: A) Aetobatus ocellatus, B) Aetomylaeus nichofii, and C) Myliobatis tobijei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230098/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Teeth usually in seven rows in both the upper and lower jaw, lateral rows may be lost in adults of some species but always present in juveniles (vs. in a single row in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FD75FED1FCC5FED8" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[728,840,296,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FD75FED1FCC5FED8" box="[728,840,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); median tooth row widest, transverse (vs. chevronshaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FEA5FEB5FEF5FEFC" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[264,376,332,356]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FEA5FEB5FEF5FEFC" box="[264,376,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Hyomandibular Accessory Cartilage 1 (HAC-1) small, bar-like and loosely attached to distal end of the hyomandibular cartilage (see Fig. 22A in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FD4FFE96FC0FFE10" author="Nishida" box="[738,898,367,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Nishida, K. (1990) Phylogeny of the suborder Myliobatidoidei. Memoirs of the Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University, 37, 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1990">Nishida, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; vs. absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB8DFE89FB1DFE10" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[1056,1168,368,392]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB8DFE89FB1DFE10" box="[1056,1168,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Hypo- and basi-hyoid cartilages absent (vs. present as a pair of small, bar-like cartilages in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FC09FE6DFB91FE34" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[932,1052,404,428]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FC09FE6DFB91FE34" box="[932,1052,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; see figs 28B vs. 28A in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FA93FE6DFF5EFE48" author="Nishida" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Nishida, K. (1990) Phylogeny of the suborder Myliobatidoidei. Memoirs of the Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University, 37, 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1990">Nishida, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal fin without a free rear tip, posterior margin joining to tail without a free portion (vs. with a short free rear tip in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FEA6FE25FEF6FE6C" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[267,379,476,500]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FEA6FE25FEF6FE6C" box="[267,379,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE1FFE25FDA7FE6C" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[434,554,476,500]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE1FFE25FDA7FE6C" box="[434,554,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1367F6AAFF23CD66FD95FE25FDF6FE6D" box="[568,635,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[162,1419,228,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[152,1435,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dorsal fin and stinging spine (if present) in: A) Aetobatus narutobiei, B) Aetomylaeus bovinus, C) Aetomylaeus nichofii and D) Myliobatis tobijei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230099/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); origin well in front of pelvic-fin free rear tips. Barbed stinging spines either absent (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE9AFDF9FE44FD80" box="[311,457,512,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE9AFDF9FE44FD80" box="[311,457,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE75FDF9FDCDFD80" ID-CoL="65DPG" box="[472,576,512,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="milvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE75FDF9FDCDFD80" box="[472,576,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. milvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FDE2FDF9FD48FD80" ID-CoL="65DPH" box="[591,709,512,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nichofii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FDE2FDF9FD48FD80" box="[591,709,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. nichofii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FD51FDF9FC1CFD80" ID-CoL="65DP4" box="[764,913,512,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vespertilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FD51FDF9FC1CFD80" box="[764,913,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. vespertilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or present (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB89FDF9FB4CFD8F" ID-CoL="453C7" box="[1060,1217,512,535]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB89FDF9FB4CFD8F" box="[1060,1217,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB54FDF9FAE2FD80" ID-CoL="65DPB" box="[1273,1391,512,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB54FDF9FAE2FD80" box="[1273,1391,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. bovinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on dorsal surface of tail behind dorsal fin; when present, usually not strong (vs. spines strong in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB5AFDDDFAEAFDA4" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[1271,1383,548,572]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB5AFDDDFAEAFDA4" box="[1271,1383,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF3AFDB1FE82FDF8" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[151,271,584,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF3AFDB1FE82FDF8" box="[151,271,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Puboischiadic bar of pelvic girdle weakly to moderately arched and robust (vs. strongly arched and only moderately robust in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE6DFD95FDBDFD1C" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[448,560,620,644]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE6DFD95FDBDFD1C" box="[448,560,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; see figs 36J vs. 36L in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FCEEFD95FC69FD1C" author="Nishida" box="[835,996,620,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Nishida, K. (1990) Phylogeny of the suborder Myliobatidoidei. Memoirs of the Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University, 37, 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1990">Nishida, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Total vertebrae (excluding synarcual) 80–86 (vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA447CAFF23CD66FEBBFD69FEF7FD30" box="[278,378,655,680]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2479" metricValueMax="2.4638" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="in" value="88.5" valueMax="97.0" valueMin="80.0">80–97 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE2FFD69FE7FFD30" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[386,498,656,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE2FFD69FE7FFD30" box="[386,498,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA447CAFF23CD66FD86FD69FD27FD30" box="[555,682,655,680]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8194" metricValueMax="2.8956" metricValueMin="2.7432" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="in" value="111.0" valueMax="114.0" valueMin="108.0">108–114 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FD1FFD69FCA7FD30" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[690,810,656,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FD1FFD69FCA7FD30" box="[690,810,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); predorsal diplospondylous vertebrae 5–20 (vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA447CAFF23CD66FAFBFD69FF20FD55" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" metricValueMax="7.874" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="in" value="22.0" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="13.0">13–31 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF1AFD4DFEAAFD54" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[183,295,692,716]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF1AFD4DFEAAFD54" box="[183,295,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA447CAFF23CD66FECBFD4DFE41FD55" box="[358,460,692,717]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0795" metricValueMax="1.2192" metricValueMin="0.9398" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="in" value="42.5" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="37.0">37–48 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE7AFD4DFDC2FD54" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[471,591,692,716]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE7AFD4DFDC2FD54" box="[471,591,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Pectoral-fin radials (excluding rostral cartilages) 79–92 (vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA447CAFF23CD66FA85FD4DFA11FD55" box="[1320,1436,692,717]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6035" metricValueMax="2.9463999999999997" metricValueMin="2.2606" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="in" value="102.5" valueMax="116.0" valueMin="89.0">89–116 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF3AFD21FE8AFD68" ID-CoL="PXH" box="[151,263,728,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF3AFD21FE8AFD68" box="[151,263,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA447CAFF23CD66FE90FD2EFE2DFD68" box="[317,416,727,752]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2479" metricValueMax="2.3368" metricValueMin="2.159" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="in" value="88.5" valueMax="92.0" valueMin="85.0">85–92 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE0AFD21FD92FD68" ID-CoL="5WB9" box="[423,543,728,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE0AFD21FD92FD68" box="[423,543,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF23BAA7FF23CD66FF3AFAC2FA8DFAC9" box="[151,1280,1339,1362]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/230098/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" targetBox="[163,1401,837,1285]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF23CD66FF3AFAC2FA8DFAC9" blockId="7.[151,1280,1339,1362]" box="[151,1280,1339,1362]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF3AFAC2FE9FFAC8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1339,1361]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Nasal curtain shape in: A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FD8AFAC2FD63FAC9" box="[551,750,1339,1361]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FD8AFAC2FD63FAC9" box="[551,750,1339,1361]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FCB6FAC2FC62FAC9" box="[795,1007,1339,1361]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nichofii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FCB6FAC2FC62FAC9" box="[795,1007,1339,1361]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetomylaeus nichofii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FBEAFAC2FB77FAC9" box="[1095,1274,1339,1361]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tobijei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FBEAFAC2FB77FAC9" box="[1095,1274,1339,1361]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis tobijei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346B9A4FF23CD69FF6AFA81FA07FD80" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF23CD66FF6AFA81FCC5F8D9" blockId="7.[151,1436,1400,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF6AFA81FEB6FA09" bold="true" box="[199,315,1400,1425]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE6DFA81FDC2FA08" box="[448,591,1400,1424]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE6DFA81FDC2FA08" box="[448,591,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FCB0FA80FC47FA09" author="Garman" box="[797,970,1401,1425]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Garman, S. (1908) New Plagiostomia and Chismopnea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 51 (9), 249 - 256." type="journal article" year="1908">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF23CD66FCB0FA80FCFAFA09" box="[797,887,1401,1425]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1908)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FC51FA80FB19FA08" box="[1020,1172,1400,1424]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FC51FA80FB19FA08" box="[1020,1172,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB09FA80FA9FFA08" box="[1188,1298,1400,1424]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="milvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB09FA80FA9FFA08" box="[1188,1298,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. milvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FA8CFA80FA16FA08" box="[1313,1435,1400,1424]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nichofii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FA8CFA80FA16FA08" box="[1313,1435,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. nichofii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF66FA64FEE7FA2D" box="[203,362,1437,1461]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vespertilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF66FA64FEE7FA2D" box="[203,362,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. vespertilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The key characters used to distinguish from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FC20FA64FB88FA2D" box="[909,1029,1437,1461]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FC20FA64FB88FA2D" box="[909,1029,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FBE9FA64FB39FA2D" box="[1092,1204,1437,1461]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FBE9FA64FB39FA2D" box="[1092,1204,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were: absence of a serrated dorsal spine on tail (from both); mesopterygia fused with the shoulder girdle (from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB1DFA39FAA5FA40" box="[1200,1320,1472,1496]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB1DFA39FAA5FA40" box="[1200,1320,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); pectoral rays not connecting the lateral portions of the pectoral fins with the cephalic lobe (from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB28FA1CFB70FA65" box="[1157,1277,1509,1533]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB28FA1CFB70FA65" box="[1157,1277,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); teeth with a broad median series with three rows of narrower teeth on either side (from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FBB2F9F1FB02F9B8" box="[1055,1167,1544,1568]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FBB2F9F1FB02F9B8" box="[1055,1167,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E7548DFF23CD66FB4FF9F0FA9FF9B9" box="[1250,1298,1545,1569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF3AF9D4FEABF9DD" box="[151,294,1581,1605]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF3AF9D4FEABF9DD" box="[151,294,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FE53F9D4FD27F9DD" author="Garman" box="[510,682,1581,1605]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Garman, S. (1908) New Plagiostomia and Chismopnea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 51 (9), 249 - 256." type="journal article" year="1908">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF23CD66FE53F9D4FDD5F9DD" box="[510,600,1581,1605]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1908)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FD60F9D4FC7AF9DD" authority="Gray, 1834" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1834" box="[717,1015,1581,1605]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FD60F9D4FCD2F9DD" box="[717,863,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FCC3F9D4FC62F9DD" author="Gray" box="[878,1007,1581,1605]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Gray, J. E. (1834) Illustrations of Indian zoology; chiefly selected from the collection of Major-General Hardwicke, F. R. S. Vol. 1. & 2. Treuttel, Wurtsz, Treuttel, Jun. and Richter, London, Pls. 1 - 202. [20 parts in 2 vols]" type="book chapter" year="1834">Gray, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In 1913,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF23CD66FBC9F9D4FB33F9DD" box="[1124,1214,1581,1605]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
proposed the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF3AF9A9FEBDF9F0" box="[151,304,1616,1640]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF3AF9A9FEBDF9F0" box="[151,304,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FEC9F9A8FE58F9F0" box="[356,469,1616,1640]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FEC9F9A8FE58F9F0" box="[356,469,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. bovina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE4BF9A8FD04F9F0" box="[486,649,1617,1640]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE4BF9A8FD04F9F0" box="[486,649,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FD68F9A8FCDAF9F0" box="[709,855,1617,1640]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FD68F9A8FCDAF9F0" box="[709,855,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FCD7F9A8FC73F9F0" box="[890,1022,1616,1640]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FCD7F9A8FC73F9F0" box="[890,1022,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">A. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E7548DFF23CD66FBE0F9A8FBF0F9F1" box="[1101,1149,1617,1641]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species for this genus is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF3AF98CFE19F914" box="[151,404,1653,1677]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF3AF98CFE19F914" box="[151,404,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis asperrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, subsequently designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FD70F98DFCF1F915" author="Jordan" box="[733,892,1652,1677]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Jordan, D. S. (1920) The genera of fishes, part IV, from 1881 to 1920, thirty-nine years, with the accepted type of each. A contribution to the stability of scientific nomenclature. Leland Stanford Jr. University Publications, University Series, 43, 411 - 576." type="journal article" year="1920">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF23CD66FD70F98DFCA5F915" box="[733,808,1652,1677]" name="Jordan" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1920)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The key characters used to distinguish from the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF4CF961FED4F928" box="[225,345,1688,1712]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF4CF961FED4F928" box="[225,345,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were: head more elongate and narrower; pectoral fins more falcate and not continuous with the rostral fin; pelvic fins more elongate and narrow; and spiracles open more upward and less to the side. Additional characters used in the generic key in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FD94F918FD68F961" author="Garman" box="[569,741,1761,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (sharks, skates, and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 36, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF23CD66FD94F918FD1EF961" box="[569,659,1761,1785]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1913)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are: teeth in more than 3 rows on each jaw (from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FAB6F919FA06F960" box="[1307,1419,1760,1784]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FAB6F919FA06F960" box="[1307,1419,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); caudal spine present (from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE46F8FCFDF7F885" box="[491,634,1797,1821]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE46F8FCFDF7F885" box="[491,634,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Thus, the only character used to differentiate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FB79F8FCFAEEF885" box="[1236,1379,1797,1821]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FB79F8FCFAEEF885" box="[1236,1379,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FF3AF8D1FEBDF8D8" box="[151,304,1832,1856]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FF3AF8D1FEBDF8D8" box="[151,304,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the presence of a stinging spine on the tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF23CD69FF6AF8B5FB45FF60" blockId="7.[151,1436,1400,2037]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
|
||
The allocation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FE31F8B4FDA3F8FC" box="[412,558,1869,1892]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FE31F8B4FDA3F8FC" box="[412,558,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">M. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FDF6F8B4FD79F8FD" box="[603,756,1869,1893]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FDF6F8B4FD79F8FD" box="[603,756,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FC8AF8B4FC55F8FD" author="Garman" box="[807,984,1869,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (sharks, skates, and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 36, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF23CD66FC8AF8B4FC0CF8FD" box="[807,897,1869,1893]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1913)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is somewhat confusing given that the illustration and description of this species by Miklouho-Maclay &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FC3DF889FBCEF811" box="[912,1091,1904,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Miklukho-Maclay, N. & Macleay, W. (1886) Plagiostomata of the Pacific. Part III. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 10, 673 - 678." type="journal article">Macleay (1886)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
clearly depicts a whitespotted eagle ray,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF23CD66FEA6F86CFE65F835" box="[267,488,1941,1965]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF23CD66FEA6F86CFE65F835" box="[267,488,1941,1965]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Aetobatus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is likely that this allocation was based on misinterpretation of the dentition from the original description, i.e. [regarding teeth plates] “These plates consist of many longitudinal rows of teeth, of which the middle ones are largest”.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF23CD66FD98F824FD6EF86D" author="Garman" box="[565,739,2013,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" refString="Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (sharks, skates, and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 36, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF23CD66FD98F824FD02F86D" box="[565,655,2013,2037]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1913)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
likely misinterpreted it as meaning they have a wide central tooth row and narrower rows on either side, which then given the presence of a spine would make sense to place into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FF64FF45FEEFFF4C" box="[201,354,188,212]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FF64FF45FEEFFF4C" box="[201,354,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, Miklouho-Maclay & Macleay’s description was referring to the longitudinal series of teeth (in only one row) and that the middle ones are larger than those more anterior or posterior.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3EA2FFF2CCD69FF6AFEFDFA07FD80" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">
|
||
The presence of a stinging spine is the only feature used to differentiate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FB8CFEFDFB37FE84" box="[1057,1210,260,284]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FB8CFEFDFB37FE84" box="[1057,1210,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FAABFEFDFA18FE84" box="[1286,1429,260,284]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FAABFEFDFA18FE84" box="[1286,1429,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the spine present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FE5CFED0FDD4FED8" box="[497,601,296,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FE5CFED0FDD4FED8" box="[497,601,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">P. bovina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FD3FFED0FCA6FEA7" box="[658,811,296,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FD3FFED0FCA6FEA7" box="[658,811,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">P. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is far less developed than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FBD6FED1FB66FED8" box="[1147,1259,296,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FBD6FED1FB66FED8" box="[1147,1259,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FA89FED1FA11FED8" box="[1316,1436,296,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FA89FED1FA11FED8" box="[1316,1436,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and it is questionable as to whether this single character is sufficient to maintain separation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FAAEFEB5FA11FEFC" box="[1283,1436,332,356]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FAAEFEB5FA11FEFC" box="[1283,1436,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FF72FE89FEE3FE10" box="[223,366,368,392]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FF72FE89FEE3FE10" box="[223,366,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other than colour differences and the presence of the spine, these two species are morphologically very similar to the four
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FDC4FE6DFD75FE34" box="[617,760,404,428]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FDC4FE6DFD75FE34" box="[617,760,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and share the characters which separate them from the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FEBFFE41FE0FFE48" box="[274,386,440,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetobatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FEBFFE41FE0FFE48" box="[274,386,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Aetobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FE14FE41FDBCFE48" box="[441,561,440,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FE14FE41FDBCFE48" box="[441,561,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The findings of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF2CCD69FD5EFE4EFC59FE48" box="[755,980,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" refString="Naylor, G. J. P., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Rosana, K. A. M., Straube, N. & Lakner, C. (2012) Elasmobranch phylogeny: a mitochondrial estimate based on 595 species. In: Carrier, J. C., Musick, J. A. & Heithaus, M. R. (Eds.), Biology of sharks and their relatives. 2 nd Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 31 - 56." type="book chapter">
|
||
Naylor
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FCEAFE40FCF5FE48" box="[839,888,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FB86FE40FB1EFE48" box="[1067,1171,440,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FB86FE40FB1EFE48" box="[1067,1171,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">P. bovina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nests deeply within the four
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FF7DFE25FED2FE6C" box="[208,351,476,500]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FF7DFE25FED2FE6C" box="[208,351,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (see Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA447CAFF2CCD69FD9EFE25FD0EFE6D" box="[563,643,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3594" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" unit="in" value="2.11">2.11 in</quantity>
|
||
that publication), casts further doubt on the separation of these two genera. Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FE98FDF9FDF8FD80" authority="Garman, 1913" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[309,629,512,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Pteromylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FE98FDF9FE43FD80" box="[309,462,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Pteromylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF2CCD69FE78FDF9FDF8FD80" author="Garman" box="[469,629,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" refString="Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (sharks, skates, and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 36, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF2CCD69FE78FDF9FDBFFD80" box="[469,562,512,536]" name="Germany" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1913
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is herein considered a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C91ACFF2CCD69FBE1FDF9FA0BFD80" authority="Garman, 1908" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1908" box="[1100,1414,512,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928363DFF2CCD69FBE1FDF9FB56FD80" box="[1100,1243,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD97DEFF2CCD69FB4EFDF9FA0BFD80" author="Garman" box="[1251,1414,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" refString="Garman, S. (1908) New Plagiostomia and Chismopnea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 51 (9), 249 - 256." type="journal article" year="1908">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34BAABFFF2CCD69FB4EFDF9FACDFD80" box="[1251,1344,512,536]" name="Germany" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Garman</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1908
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |