252 lines
28 KiB
XML
252 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="4701E77F14E2027A80B50735FE23595F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3722.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d2db5db0-c5ca-4150-8d74-d39f2d96a78f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249140" ID-ZooBank="C1F59CA8-0F0E-471B-9B2D-26980A002511" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460692944579" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trager, James C." docDate="2013" docId="03DBDC46FFAEFF8D4BBEFE8DFAAF6BF1" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03722p548.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3722 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyergus nigerrimus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="524" masterDocId="FFE2A43EFFB8FF9A4B29FFC1FFE46976" masterDocTitle="Global revision of the dulotic ant genus Polyergus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Formicinae, Formicini)" masterLastPageNumber="548" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="523" updateTime="1698351922635" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="5B6419439E91599277D5C4DAFA2AC79C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="744446366EA42CF9A2981FA5BE3F2872">
|
||
<mods:title id="BBA63138C8B3A7915EB9E1437279F9F0">Global revision of the dulotic ant genus Polyergus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Formicinae, Formicini)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="58D375D2E58802CF44AEEEE66410AD80" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="7B6810C12F9A35B720897744B9B59229">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="628F7D60311D2646963220631B8CDB5A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="55985462B2F972A530EE27DB29B59CC3">Trager, James C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="2292A6B15D5B7FAFF1515A6F41A66FE2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="FE9A256AE395DAA4E812C2191FCF9C3F" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="92F88635668F24140F66EBF4603A077A">
|
||
<mods:title id="994E798541FFAA595FBEB1A1BE2FE6B5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A862F67BEA1C923010348405380826F3">
|
||
<mods:date id="BA4F966ED89CEC400DE64F8FE9BAC66A">2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8429385DC9115EAAF90E345685C7E503" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="EE5B2AC9AE0A19E961AD76C1D1902662">3722</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="DC47A8C3D98FA89A90F33F956F4C1C41" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="F8F98D1DCCCACA00E7DEFC838D15D400">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="6DF2BD170407EF4BBEA174ACC5C34EA1" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="4052F1F6DD4F240CBBD7EEA29D9A9EA4">501</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="8FF03755694E2243CD9917E489FBA374">548</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="1B32AA288F52130149E8B7DF6094DE50">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3996C2BE6E7D04903F189AE95FCCA8EF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3722.4.5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F652BA364F876F89A8238BC8BF652A4B" type="GBIF-Dataset">d2db5db0-c5ca-4150-8d74-d39f2d96a78f</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="13846A37CBAC3C590C07A4B7DD88C237" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="85C15BE1069B9B190AAABAF8A9BE48D3" type="Zenodo-Dep">249140</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="670F9944FA80A7B37CDA2A6AE4876AE9" type="ZooBank">C1F59CA8-0F0E-471B-9B2D-26980A002511</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03DBDC46FFAEFF8D4BBEFE8DFAAF6BF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6150063" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119580891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6150063" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBDC46FFAEFF8D4BBEFE8DFAAF6BF1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DBDC46FFAEFF8D4BBEFE8DFAAF6BF1" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFAEFF8C4BBEFE8DFB046BE1" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BBEFE8DFE786810" blockId="22.[151,412,332,391]" box="[151,412,332,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<heading id="D085DA3CFFAEFF8C4BBEFE8DFE786810" bold="true" box="[151,412,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4BBEFE8DFE786810" ID-CoL="784K2" box="[151,412,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BBEFE8DFE786810" bold="true" box="[151,412,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Polyergus nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BBEFEAFFE8668F1" blockId="22.[151,412,332,391]" box="[151,354,366,391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<figureCitation id="134971D5FFAEFF8C4BBEFEAFFE8668F1" box="[151,354,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 – 26" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,193,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,193,1629]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 24 – 26. Lateral, full face, and dorsal views of Polyergus nigerrimus worker CASENT 0173331. Photographs by April Nobile from www. AntWeb. org." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249150/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Figures 24, 25, 26</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BBEFE76FC206B7C" blockId="22.[151,1437,438,522]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4BBEFE76FD8268BA" authority="Marikovsky 1963: 110" authorityName="Marikovsky" authorityPageNumber="110" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,614,438,460]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BBEFE76FE9768BA" box="[151,371,439,460]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Polyergus nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
Marikovsky 1963: 110
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFAEFF8C4958FE77FD2068BA" box="[625,708,438,460]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
workers, gyne, male:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAEFF8C4882FE77FB5A68BA" box="[939,1214,438,460]" name="Russia" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">RUSSIAN FEDERATION</collectingCountry>
|
||
, TUVA, Kyzyl [ZIN] (not examined), [CAS; additional specimens from the original nest series,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D74A6D9FFAEFF8C4F26FE17FB9B689D" box="[1039,1151,469,491]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="worker">7 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
, gyne, male] (examined). Kupyanskaya 1990: 208 (records from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAEFF8C4998FE35FD136B7C" box="[689,759,500,522]" name="Russia" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, worker illustrated).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BBEFDF6FB046BE1" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFAEFF8C4BBEFDF6FF1A6B39" box="[151,254,567,591]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(N=7) [CASENT, as above] HL 1.32–1.44 (1.40), HW 1.24–1.36 (1.32), SL 1.00–1.06 (1.03), ½ VeM 1– 9 (4.71), ½ PnM 5–7 (6.29), WL 2.12–2.20 (2.17), GL 1.76–2.00 (1.93), HFL 1.60–1.68 (1.64), CI 94–96 (94.4), SI 74–81 (79), HFI 119–130 (125), FSI 157–160 (159), LI 3.48–3.60 (3.56), TL 5.24–5.60 (5.49).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFAEFF8C4BEEFD63FBCB6A89" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEFD63FAA16AE4" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BEEFD63FE5C6BCD" bold="true" box="[199,440,674,699]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Worker description.</emphasis>
|
||
Smallish, TL averaging
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC0B5FFAEFF8C49FDFD63FCC26BCD" box="[724,806,674,699]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5mm</quantity>
|
||
; blackish, weakly shining species of the Asian steppes. Head rounded hexagonal (truncate-ovate), its length detectably greater than breadth; with conspicuous vertex pilosity; scapes not reaching vertex, notably clavate in the apical third; pronotum with 10–14 dorsal erect setae; mesonotum with profile flat or very weakly convex for most of its length, with a short posterior declivity; propodeal profile subquadrate, taller than pronotum, with concave declivity profile; petiole with sides round, converging dorsad, petiolar dorsum emarginate; first tergite densely pubescent, with pilosity in 3 or 4 irregular transverse rows, first tergite pilosity gently curved, longer than the distance separating the individual setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEFC5FFD846AAD" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Head weakly shining; mesonotum weakly shining dorsally, a bit smoother laterally; gaster weakly shining to matte dorsally, somewhat shiny laterally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEFC27FBCB6A89" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" box="[199,1071,998,1023]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Color black to nearly black; legs and scapes dark brown; pilosity gray-brown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFAEFF8C4BEEFBCBFE106CD9" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEFBCBFCD86DC5" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BEEFBCBFEA86D55" bold="true" box="[199,332,1034,1059]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
This species might be confused only with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4804FBCDFC6D6D55" box="[813,905,1036,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="samurai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4804FBCDFC6D6D55" box="[813,905,1036,1059]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">samurai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a more eastern, larger, more gracile, and more matte species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4A17FBEFFDF06D30" box="[318,532,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="samurai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4A17FBEFFDF06D30" box="[318,532,1070,1095]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Polyergus samurai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more brown than black, and has more yellowish, rather than brown pilosity. Gynes and males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4AADFB95FE1B6D1D" box="[388,511,1108,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4AADFB95FE1B6D1D" box="[388,511,1108,1131]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are black, somewhat shiny, smaller than gynes and males of
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4FEAFB95FAC26D1D" box="[1219,1318,1108,1131]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4FEAFB95FAC56D1D" box="[1219,1313,1108,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="samurai">samurai</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with dark brown appendages; wings of both gynes and males have brown veins, and are medially infuscated (wings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4BBEFB5DFF176DC5" box="[151,243,1180,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="samurai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BBEFB5DFF176DC5" box="[151,243,1180,1203]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">samurai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pale yellow to whitish throughout, with pale veins).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEFB7EFE106CD9" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
In this study, 7 W, 1 Q, 1 M from Marikovsky’s original collection, and images of workers from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAEFF8C4E23FB7FFA936DA1" box="[1290,1399,1214,1239]" name="Mongolia" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(at www.antbase.net), were seen. The former were in the private collection of Alfred Buschinger, and are now housed at CAS. Little notable variation was observed in this small series. The characteristics of this species as described by Kupyanskaya (1990) from a wider geographic area confirm the impression of relative uniformity in metric and ecological characteristics. However, Kupyanksaya’s drawing of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C48B6FA8EFBFE6C10" box="[927,1050,1359,1382]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C48B6FA8EFBFE6C10" box="[927,1050,1359,1382]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
worker shows abundant pilosity arising from the malar region, quite unlike the pilosity pattern of any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4881FAB3FBFC6CFD" box="[936,1048,1394,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4881FAB3FBFC6CFD" box="[936,1048,1394,1419]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Polyergus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens I have studied, and the significance of this is not clear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFAEFF8D4BEEFA7BFAC768DB" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEFA7BFEF96F6D" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BEEFA7BFEAA6CA5" bold="true" box="[199,334,1466,1491]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This name is from the Latin superlative adjective “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C48A1FA7BFBEC6CA5" box="[904,1032,1466,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">nigerrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, meaning very black or blackest. A hand written label accompanying the series reads “nigricans”, meaning blackish, but this name never reached publication.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEF9E7FEC56FF1" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BEEF9E7FE6D6F49" bold="true" box="[199,393,1574,1599]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
This ant is found in the shrub steppe lands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAEFF8C48EBF9E7FBCB6F49" box="[962,1071,1574,1599]" name="Mongolia" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and adjacent southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAEFF8C4E6AF9E7FEF66F15" name="Russia" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Russian Federation</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and also might be sought in ecologically similar adjacent parts of northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAEFF8C4FECF98BFAEC6F15" box="[1221,1288,1610,1635]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and perhaps
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAEFF8C4BBEF9AFFEF96FF1" box="[151,285,1646,1671]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAEFF8C4BEEF953FE1D6EB8" blockId="22.[151,1437,566,1998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
Marikovsky studied
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4A85F955FDA76FDD" box="[428,579,1684,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4A85F955FDA76FDD" box="[428,579,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">P. nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the summer of 1960. In his description, Marikovsky (1963) noted that the specimens were taken with abundant host workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4819F976FC4A6FB9" box="[816,942,1718,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4819F976FC4A6FB9" box="[816,942,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">F. candida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in shrub steppe near the Yenisei River. Marikovsky reported a diffuse nest, with 7 entrances over a
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC0B5FFAEFF8C484EF91FFC7D6F80" box="[871,921,1758,1782]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="m" value="10.0">10m</quantity>
|
||
2 area, but only the central one had a welldeveloped infrastructure and large population, including alates of both sexes, and an ergatoid. He described a raid involving about 400
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4AA5F8E7FDE36E4B" box="[396,519,1830,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4AA5F8E7FDE36E4B" box="[396,519,1830,1853]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers, in the “evening when the sun was setting down” and ending during “falling darkness”. Despite attempts by the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4955F88BFD166E14" box="[636,754,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4955F88BFD166E14" box="[636,754,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">F. candida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to bite the raiders and to wrest their pupal quarry from them, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4BEFF8AFFEA56EF3" box="[198,321,1902,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BEFF8AFFEA56EF3" box="[198,321,1902,1925]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
simply pushed on home without attacking any of the defending
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4F78F8AFFB566EF3" box="[1105,1202,1902,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4F78F8AFFB566EF3" box="[1105,1202,1902,1925]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Formica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers. Returning
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAEFF8C4BBEF853FEF66EDF" box="[151,274,1938,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAEFF8C4BBEF853FEF66EDF" box="[151,274,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers initially placed the stolen pupae in two of the peripheral nests, but later transferred the pupae to the main nest about
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC0B5FFAEFF8C4A51F874FE556EB8" box="[376,433,1973,1998]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5m</quantity>
|
||
away.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAFFF8D4BEEFF59FAC768DB" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,648]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
I updated the identification of the host with Marikovsy’s sample as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D48C9FF58FBBD69C6" box="[992,1113,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D48C9FF58FBBD69C6" box="[992,1113,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">F. candida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, using Seifert’s (2004) key. Marikovsky had identified them as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D490FFF7CFD7D69A2" box="[550,665,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gagates">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D490FFF7CFD7D69A2" box="[550,665,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">F. gagates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and Kupyanska (1990) mentions
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D4F34FF7CFB9269A2" box="[1053,1142,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D4F34FF7CFB9269A2" box="[1053,1142,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">F. picea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the host, also a species previously confused with
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D4A90FF20FDD3698E" box="[441,567,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D4A90FF20FDD7698E" box="[441,563,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">F. candida</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Kupyanskaya calls this an ant of the steppe, and Antonov (2008) also reports habitat of this ant as the steppe. Its host, by implication, in the Antonov study is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D4F6AFEC4FB5F686B" box="[1091,1211,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D4F6AFEC4FB5F686B" box="[1091,1211,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">F. candida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the only abundant potential host at the location). Antonov comments that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D4823FEE8FC616836" box="[778,901,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D4823FEE8FC616836" box="[778,901,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“is extremely rare in natural habitats,” but this may be an artifact of collecting intensity. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D49B3FE8CFCE16813" box="[666,773,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kozlovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D49B3FE8CFCE16813" box="[666,773,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">F. kozlovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
host record is from a collection made by Martin Pfeiffer in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAFFF8D4BBEFEAEFEE068FE" box="[151,260,367,392]" name="Mongolia" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(also note Pfeiffer’s images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D49E5FEB0FCA368FE" box="[716,839,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D49E5FEB0FCA368FE" box="[716,839,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">nigerrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at http://antbase.net/htdocs/formicinae/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D4E0FFEAEFA7768FE" box="[1318,1427,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">polyergus</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D4BBEFE55FEE268DB" box="[151,262,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">polyergus</taxonomicName>
|
||
_
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D4A3CFE55FE7668DB" box="[277,402,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">nigerrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
_marikovsky,_1963.html). Dubatalov (1998) also reports this ant from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAFFF8D4F87FE55FAFB68DB" box="[1198,1311,404,429]" name="Mongolia" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFAFFF8D4BEEFE76FAAF6BF1" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFAFFF8D4BEEFE76FAAF6BF1" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,648]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D4BEEFE76FBE368A6" bold="true" box="[199,1031,439,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
Distribution from literature references for
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D49D5FE76FBE368A6" bold="true" box="[764,1031,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFAFFF8D49D5FE76FBE768A6" box="[764,1027,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigerrimus">Polyergus nigerrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFAFFF8D4F7EFE79FB6368A6" box="[1111,1159,440,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAFFF8D4E0DFE79FEA36882" name="Russia" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">RUSSIAN FEDERATION</collectingCountry>
|
||
, TUVA, Kyzyl, (Marikovsky, 1963); also known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAFFF8D489CFE1DFB006882" box="[949,1252,476,500]" name="Russia" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">RUSSIAN FEDERATION</collectingCountry>
|
||
, PRIMORSKIY KRAI, Primorye,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC0B5FFAFFF8D4A44FE3EFE7B6B6E" box="[365,415,511,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" unit="km" value="6.0">6km</quantity>
|
||
E Hasan & Haborovskiy Krai, Novokalachinsk; (Kupyanskaya, 1990); BURIYATIA, Kyakhta (Kupyanskaya, 1990), BURIYATIA, Gusinoozyorsk (Antonov 2008);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAFFF8D4F72FDE5FB106B4A" box="[1115,1268,548,572]" name="Mongolia" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">MONGOLIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
TOV Zorgol Mountain N
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE460B97FFAFFF8D4A08FD8AFE506B14" box="[289,436,583,611]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" precision="1" value="47.17005">47o10.203’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
106o04.446’ (M. Pfeiffer, antbase.net [antbase.net no. 0031]);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFAFFF8D4F57FD8AFAF26B15" box="[1150,1302,587,611]" name="Mongolia" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">MONGOLIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
AIMAK,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8AC0B5FFAFFF8D4EA4FD8AFF5F6BF1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
S Ereentsay (Dubatalov,
|
||
<emphasis id="B906B142FFAFFF8D4AF1FDB1FDEF6BF1" box="[472,523,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">teste</emphasis>
|
||
Kupyanskaya, 1990). None of these samples were examined in this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |