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<mods:title id="C4D3B20168CBCD0B021AF99C55AE65BC">Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9D4ECF774AF6E40EC41C639B114F9B46">Muizon, Christian De</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BD98376E67DFF89FC1F8C9EFA8B58F6" blockId="2.[940,1327,1720,1741]" box="[940,1327,1720,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="460">
<heading id="D091341AE67DFF89FC1F8C9EFA8B58F6" box="[940,1327,1720,1741]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="460" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67DFF89FC1F8C9EFA8B58F6" authority="AMEGHINO, 1897" authorityName="AMEGHINO" authorityYear="1897" box="[940,1327,1720,1741]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="460" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67DFF89FC1F8C9EFBC458F7" box="[940,1120,1720,1741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="460">ARCHAEOHYRAX</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7FE87E67DFF89FBD88C9EFA8B58F6" author="Ameghino F" box="[1131,1327,1720,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="460" pagination="406 - 521" refId="ref21678" refString="Ameghino F. 1897. Les mammiferes cretaces de l'Argentine. Deuxieme contribution a la connaissance de la faune mammalogique des couches a Pyrotherium. Boletin del Instituto Geographico Argentino 18: 406 - 521." type="journal article" year="1897">AMEGHINO, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C37CD0FDE67DFF88FC898CF9FAB25EC7" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="2" pageNumber="460" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67DFF88FC898CF9FE325F6D" blockId="2.[826,1441,1758,1903]" lastBlockId="3.[144,759,198,342]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="2" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67DFF89FC898CF9FC1558CF" box="[826,945,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="460">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Members of 
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<emphasis id="B9125F64E67DFF89FBE78CF8FB5458C8" box="[1108,1264,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="460">Archaeohyrax</emphasis>
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are characterized by the presence of a well-marked labial sulcus on the talonid of m3, an unambiguous synapomorphy of our cladistic analysis. This character is also found as a convergence in hegetotheriids. However, the sulcus is shallower and wider in 
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<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FE0B8AE0FDF05EE0" box="[440,596,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Archaeohyrax</emphasis>
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and therefore the two conditions may not be homologous. Other characters may diagnose this clade phylogenetically, but they depend on optimization (see discussion of our phylogenetic analysis).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FF238B58FE835FA8" box="[144,295,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Type species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FE848B5BFF635F8A" authority="Ameghino, 1897" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FE848B5BFDC95FA8" box="[311,621,381,403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Archaeohyrax patagonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7FE87E67CFF88FDCF8B5BFF635F8A" author="Ameghino F" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" pagination="406 - 521" refId="ref21678" refString="Ameghino F. 1897. Les mammiferes cretaces de l'Argentine. Deuxieme contribution a la connaissance de la faune mammalogique des couches a Pyrotherium. Boletin del Instituto Geographico Argentino 18: 406 - 521." type="journal article" year="1897">Ameghino, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FF238BFCFE895FD5" box="[144,301,473,495]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Type locality:</emphasis>
Cabeza Blanca (see below), 
<collectingRegion id="49A24D94E67CFF88FD2A8BFFFD565FD4" box="[665,754,473,495]" country="Argentina" name="Chubut" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Chubut</collectingRegion>
, 
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.
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<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FF238813FED15C70" box="[144,373,565,587]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Included species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FE108813FEE95C52" authority="Ameghino, 1897" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FE108813FD535C70" box="[419,759,565,587]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Archaeohyrax patagonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7FE87E67CFF88FF238872FEE95C52" author="Ameghino F" box="[144,333,596,618]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" pagination="406 - 521" refId="ref21678" refString="Ameghino F. 1897. Les mammiferes cretaces de l'Argentine. Deuxieme contribution a la connaissance de la faune mammalogique des couches a Pyrotherium. Boletin del Instituto Geographico Argentino 18: 406 - 521." type="journal article" year="1897">Ameghino, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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, 
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FEE88872FDCE5C52" authority="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon, 2009" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" box="[347,618,596,617]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suniensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FEE88872FDCE5C52" box="[347,618,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Archaeohyrax suniensis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A221E21FE67CFF88FDC78872FD685C52" box="[628,716,596,617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FC948AE0FBCF5EE1" authority="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon, 2009" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" box="[807,1131,198,219]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="505" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suniensis" status="sp. nov.">ARCHAEOHYRAX SUNIENSIS</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FBC68AEFFB7E5EE0" bold="true" box="[1141,1242,198,219]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A221E21FE67CFF88FBC68AEFFB7E5EE0" box="[1141,1242,198,219]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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Teeth measurements, illustration of the method. A, upper cheekteeth, SAL 189, left maxilla with P3-M3. B, lower cheekteeth, SAL 309, right mandible with p3-m2. Mesial to right. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-1="Figure 2. Archaeohyrax suniensis, cranium of the holotype, SAL 4. A, ventral view. B, dorsal view. C, right lateral view. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-10="Figure 11. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., upper dentition. A, left P3-M3, SAL 189. B, right P3-M3 (reversed), YPM-PU 22056. C, rostrum with right and left P2-M3, YPM-PU 23701. Mesial to the left. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-11="Figure 12. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., deciduous upper dentition and slightly worn M1. A, left dP3-4, SAL 480. B, right P3, dP4, M1 (reversed), SAL 471. C, right dP2-4, M1 (reversed), YPM-PU 22061. Mesial to left and labial at the top. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-12="Figure 13. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., partial mandible, MNHN-BOL-V 009682. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-13="Figure 14. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., lower permanent cheek teeth. A, left p3-m2, SAL 311. B, right p3-m2 (reversed), SAL 309. C, left p3-m3, YPM-PU 22067 (partial). Labial to left and mesial at the top. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-14="Figure 15. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., paratype, MNHN-BOL-V 007147. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-15="Figure 16. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., variation of the lower cheek teeth morphology. A, left p3-m2 (reversed), MNHN-BOL-V 006864 (partial). B, right p4-m3, MNHN- BOL-V 003831. C, right p3-m3, MNHN-BOL-V 006136. Lingual to left and mesial at the top. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-16="Figure 17. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., deciduous lower teeth. A, left dp3-4, m1-2, YPM-PU 21895. B, right dp3-4, SAL 646. Labial to left for A, to right for B, mesial at the top for both. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-2="Figure 3. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., schematic representation of the dentition of SAL 4. A, upper jaw with right I3-M2, left dI1-2, I3, P1-M3. B, lower jaw with right p1-m2 (m3 is covered with matrix), left p2-m3. Mesial at the top. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-3="Figure 4. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., paratype, cranium and mandible, MNHN-BOL-V 006730. A, right lateral view. B, dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-4="Figure 5. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., paratype, rostrum, SAL 183. A, ventral view. B, dorsal view. C, right lateral view. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-5="Figure 6. Interpretative and simplified partial reconstruction of the skull of Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., right lateral view, from SAL 4, MNHN-BOL-V 006730 and SAL 183. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-6="Figure 7. Interpretative and simplified reconstruction of the skull of Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., ventral view, from SAL 4, SAL 1010, SAL 183, MNHN-BOL-V 006730 and YPM-PU 23701 (the pterygoid region is highly simplified because it is unknown in many details). Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-7="Figure 8. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., details of the auditory region (right side), SAL 4. A, ventral view. B, postero-lateral (right) view. C, ventro-lateral (right) view. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-8="Figure 9. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., incomplete posterior part of the skull, SAL 551. Ventral view. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-9="Figure 10. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., isolated slightly worn premolars. A, YPM-PU 23788, left P4 (?). B, YPM-PU 23789, right P4 (?). Mesial to left and labial at the top. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444763" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444765" figureDoi-10="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444785" figureDoi-11="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444787" figureDoi-12="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444789" figureDoi-13="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444791" figureDoi-14="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444793" figureDoi-15="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444795" figureDoi-16="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444797" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444767" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444769" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444771" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444775" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444777" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444779" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444781" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444783" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5444763/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5444765/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/5444785/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/5444787/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/5444789/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/5444791/files/figure.png" httpUri-14="https://zenodo.org/record/5444793/files/figure.png" httpUri-15="https://zenodo.org/record/5444795/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/5444797/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5444767/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5444769/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5444771/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5444775/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5444777/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/5444779/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/5444781/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/5444783/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">FIGURES 1–17</figureCitation>
, APPENDIX S1–4 (
<tableCitation id="C6E4B6CDE67CFF88FBD78AC0FB745EC0" box="[1124,1232,230,251]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="42.[164,228,198,217]" captionText="Table 1b. Measurements (in mm) for Archaeohyrax suniensis upper molars at different wear stages. Abbreviations: md, mesio-distal length; ll, labio-lingual width." pageId="3" pageNumber="461">TABLES 1</tableCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6E4B6CDE67CFF88FB528AC0FB555EC0" box="[1249,1265,230,251]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="44.[164,228,198,217]" captionText="Table 2a. Measurements (in mm) for Archaeohyrax suniensis lower dentition (from i2 to p4). Abbreviations: md, mesio-distal length; ll, labio-lingual width." pageId="3" pageNumber="461">2</tableCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6E4B6CDE67CFF88FAB38AC0FAAA5EC7" box="[1280,1294,230,252]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="47.[144,208,1461,1480]" captionText="Table 4a. Measurements (in mm) for Archaeohyrax suniensis skull and mandible. Abbreviations: I1-M3, palate length measured from I1 to M3; i1-m3, mandible length measured from i1 to m3." pageId="3" pageNumber="461">4</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37CD0FDE67CFF88FC958B2AFAE75F64" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67CFF88FC958B2AFAE75F64" blockId="3.[806,1396,268,352]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FC958B2AFC665F1A" authority="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon, 2009" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" box="[806,962,268,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FC958B2AFC665F1A" box="[806,962,268,289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Archaeohyrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A221E21FE67CFF88FC7F8B2BFB805F19" box="[972,1060,269,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7FE87E67CFF88FB9E8B2BFAE75F1A" author="Reguero MA &amp; Cifelli RL" box="[1069,1347,268,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" pagination="539" refId="ref23413" refString="Reguero MA, Cifelli RL. 1997. Deseadan Archaeohyracidae from Salla, Bolivia. Ameghiniana 34: 539." type="journal article" year="1997">Reguero &amp; Cifelli, 1997</bibRefCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FC958B0DFC4B5F7B" authority="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon, 2009" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" box="[806,1007,299,320]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Protarchaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FC958B0DFC4B5F7B" box="[806,1007,299,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Protarchaeohyrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A221E21FE67CFF88FC4A8B0DFBF55F7B" box="[1017,1105,299,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7FE87E67CFF88FBE98B0DFAD45F7B" author="Reguero MA &amp; Cifelli RL" box="[1114,1392,299,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" pagination="539" refId="ref23413" refString="Reguero MA, Cifelli RL. 1997. Deseadan Archaeohyracidae from Salla, Bolivia. Ameghiniana 34: 539." type="journal article" year="1997">Reguero &amp; Cifelli, 1997</bibRefCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FC958B6CFC665F64" authority="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon, 2009" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" box="[806,962,330,351]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FC958B6CFC665F64" box="[806,962,330,351]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Archaeohyrax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A221E21FE67CFF88FC7F8B6CFB805F64" box="[972,1060,330,351]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7FE87E67CFF88FB9E8B6CFA9B5F64" author="MacFadden BJ &amp; Campbell KE Jr &amp; Cifelli RL &amp; Siles O &amp; Johnson NM &amp; Naeser CW &amp; Zeitler PK" box="[1069,1343,329,352]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" pagination="223 - 250" refId="ref23014" refString="MacFadden BJ, Campbell KE Jr, Cifelli RL, Siles O, Johnson NM, Naeser CW, Zeitler PK. 1985. Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and mammalian fauna of the Deseadan (late Oligocene-early Miocene) Salla beds of northern Bolivia. Journal of Geology 93: 223 - 250." type="journal article" year="1985">
MacFadden 
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FB0F8B6CFB505F64" box="[1212,1268,330,351]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">et al.</emphasis>
, 1985
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37CD0FDE67CFF8FFC958BB5FA065DFB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67CFF88FC958BB5FACF5FDD" blockId="3.[806,1421,403,486]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FC958BB5FC345F93" box="[806,912,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">
<typeStatus id="54DD3DD4E67CFF88FC958BB5FC2E5F93" box="[806,906,403,424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
SAL 4: skull and mandible of a young adult, with right I1, I3-M2, left dI1-2, I3, P1-M3, right p1-m2 (m3 is covered with matrix), left p2-m3 (
<figureCitation id="135D9FF3E67CFF88FB4A8BF6FAE55FDE" box="[1273,1345,464,486]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[399,1168,684,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-149@3.[399,1168,684,1823]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Archaeohyrax suniensis, cranium of the holotype, SAL 4. A, ventral view. B, dorsal view. C, right lateral view. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5444765/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Figs 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="135D9FF3E67CFF88FAFD8BF6FAF95FDD" box="[1358,1373,464,486]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[164,243,712,731]" captionTargetBox="[168,776,197,682]" captionTargetId="figure-366@4.[168,776,197,682]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov., schematic representation of the dentition of SAL 4. A, upper jaw with right I3-M2, left dI1-2, I3, P1-M3. B, lower jaw with right p1-m2 (m3 is covered with matrix), left p2-m3. Mesial at the top. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5444767/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67CFF8FFC958831FB9B5F23" blockId="3.[806,1421,534,618]" lastBlockId="4.[826,1441,198,281]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FC958831FC3A5C17" box="[806,926,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">
<typeStatus id="54DD3DD4E67CFF88FC958831FC335C17" box="[806,919,535,556]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
MNHN-BOL-V 006730: skull and mandible associated; SAL 183: rostrum with right and left c-m3; MNHN-BOL-V 007147: mandible with right i1, p1-m3 and left i1-m3; YPM-PU 23701: rostrum with right and left p2-m3; SAL 310: mandible with right i2, p2-m3 and left p3-m3.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF19D3FEE67CFF88FF238D1BFEE05955" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444765" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5444765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5444765/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" startId="3.[144,223,1853,1872]" targetBox="[399,1168,684,1820]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67CFF88FF238D1BFEE05955" blockId="3.[144,1422,1853,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FF238D1BFF5C596B" bold="true" box="[144,248,1853,1872]" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67CFF88FEB78D1BFE59596B" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" box="[260,509,1853,1872]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suniensis">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67CFF88FEB78D1BFE59596B" box="[260,509,1853,1872]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="461">Archaeohyrax suniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, cranium of the holotype, SAL 4. A, ventral view. B, dorsal view. C, right lateral view. Scale bar = 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67BFF8FFC898B67FB565F6C" blockId="4.[826,1266,321,343]" box="[826,1266,321,343]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFC898B67FBB95F6C" box="[826,1053,321,343]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Referred specimens:</emphasis>
See Appendix S1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67BFF8FFC898BA6FB0D5FAD" blockId="4.[826,1193,384,406]" box="[826,1193,384,406]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFC898BA6FC385FAE" box="[826,924,384,405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Locality:</emphasis>
Salla-Luribay, 
<collectingCountry id="F371C3E6E67BFF8FFBE28BA6FB015FAD" box="[1105,1189,384,406]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67BFF8FFC898B99FB825CDC" blockId="4.[826,1441,446,744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFC898B99FC155FEF" box="[826,945,447,468]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67BFF8FFBD38B99FAB45FEF" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1897" box="[1120,1296,447,468]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFBD38B99FAB45FEF" box="[1120,1296,447,468]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">A. patagonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in: smaller size; smaller facial extent of the premaxillaries, not extending further posteriorly than the level of C; smaller number of teeth exhibiting simultaneously a fossette or fossetid (i.e. P3-M2 &amp; p3-m 
<quantity id="4C9E2E93E67BFF8FFB44881FFA805C74" box="[1271,1316,569,591]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67BFF8FFA9E881FFCFC5C56" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suniensis">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFA9E881FFCFC5C56" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">A. suniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; P2-M3 &amp; p2-m 
<quantity id="4C9E2E93E67BFF8FFBA08871FB9A5C56" box="[1043,1086,599,621]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67BFF8FFBF5887EFB545C56" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1897" box="[1094,1264,600,621]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFBF5887EFB545C56" box="[1094,1264,600,621]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">A. patagonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); more hypsodont cheek teeth, almost hypselodont; second mental foramen situated more anteriorly than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67BFF8FFA8788B3FC265CF2" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFA8788B3FC265CF2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">A. patagonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; stylomastoid foramen situated closer to the tympanohyal recess.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF19D3FEE67BFF8FFF1788EEFE105D6B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5444767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5444767" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5444767/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" startId="4.[164,243,712,731]" targetBox="[168,776,197,682]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67BFF8FFF1788EEFE105D6B" blockId="4.[164,779,712,848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFF1788EEFEA85CE0" bold="true" box="[164,268,712,731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67BFF8FFEAA88EEFDB45CE1" authority="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon, 2009" authorityName="Billet &amp; Patterson &amp; Muizon" authorityYear="2009" box="[281,528,712,731]" class="Mammalia" family="Archaeohyracidae" genus="Archaeohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suniensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFEAA88EEFDB45CE1" box="[281,528,712,731]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Archaeohyrax suniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A221E21FE67BFF8FFDA488EEFDCC5CE0" box="[535,616,712,731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, schematic representation of the dentition of SAL 4. A, upper jaw with right I3-M2, left dI1-2, I3, P1-M3. B, lower jaw with right p1-m2 (m3 is covered with matrix), left p2-m3. Mesial at the top. Scale bar = 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67BFF8FFC898936FB675D7E" blockId="4.[826,1441,784,837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFC898936FC1C5D1E" box="[826,952,784,805]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Etymology:</emphasis>
from suni, an Aymara word that refers to the highland Altiplano in 
<collectingCountry id="F371C3E6E67BFF8FFBD88909FB1B5D7E" box="[1131,1215,815,837]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD98376E67BFF8FFC89894BFA065DFB" blockId="4.[826,1442,877,960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFC89894BFC685DB9" box="[826,972,877,898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Distribution:</emphasis>
Deseadan 
<collectionCode id="ED771BB3E67BFF8FFBFB894BFB025DB9" box="[1096,1190,877,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">SALMA</collectionCode>
, late Oligocene. Specimens all come from the Salla section (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF7FE87E67BFF8FFAA889AAFC125DFB" author="MacFadden BJ &amp; Campbell KE Jr &amp; Cifelli RL &amp; Siles O &amp; Johnson NM &amp; Naeser CW &amp; Zeitler PK" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" pagination="223 - 250" refId="ref23014" refString="MacFadden BJ, Campbell KE Jr, Cifelli RL, Siles O, Johnson NM, Naeser CW, Zeitler PK. 1985. Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and mammalian fauna of the Deseadan (late Oligocene-early Miocene) Salla beds of northern Bolivia. Journal of Geology 93: 223 - 250." type="journal article" year="1985">
MacFadden 
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFC89898DFCD65D84" box="[826,882,938,960]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">et al.</emphasis>
, 1985
</bibRefCitation>
) but most are from unit 5, 
<taxonomicName id="4C66F8F5E67BFF8FFB5B898CFAFA5D84" box="[1256,1374,938,959]" class="Mammalia" family="Pliopithecidae" genus="Branisella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="4" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9125F64E67BFF8FFB5B898CFAFA5D84" box="[1256,1374,938,959]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="462">Branisella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
level.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>