164 lines
17 KiB
XML
164 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="0571C90DE1239081B52AFF37890A499E" ID-CLB-Dataset="30029" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4422.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fb6bb16-d9ff-4ca3-a474-86c4d1abdc95" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1253240" ID-ZooBank="50FBD8F3-327B-4562-B587-66180E329DB3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1527266783242" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fortaleza, Maria Tarciana Vieira & Lotufo, Tito Monteiro Da Cruz" docDate="2018" docId="038D3D37FF95FF8AC0E5744B6AEDF959" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4422.4.4.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4422 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Synoicum" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="533" masterDocId="FFB4454FFF98FF84C07272376B61FFD8" masterDocTitle="Polyclinidae (Ascidiacea: Aplousobranchia) from the Gulf of Mexico, collected during the “ Hourglass ” cruises (1965 - 1967)" masterLastPageNumber="536" masterPageNumber="519" pageNumber="532" updateTime="1698545428781" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="ACCF3BB57B97B14167C6902955500EDC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="29118A1A466D75F1F6FA4E53C778FD2F">
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<mods:title id="CAF271B3986ACE65F19773E604F7082A">Polyclinidae (Ascidiacea: Aplousobranchia) from the Gulf of Mexico, collected during the “ Hourglass ” cruises (1965 - 1967)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1F6C129FAD0D973F910D273D2E40EB46">Fortaleza, Maria Tarciana Vieira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="5E44F3B6374E9C36B803587E42A88C95" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FDB15B6F1E502141840E6277684A8572">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="97EC11681FF8A40CDF92FFC1FAE4B0A6">Lotufo, Tito Monteiro Da Cruz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AAAF92C0C67A50B1DCD95CD33B202207">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="66E20C0D8BEE92858B440CCD8AC05F97">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1035FF5A761C8D3994E1148E74486979">
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<mods:date id="1D6966CFAFD7EC465CAD9BE22B722539">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0889FFFE45432B3BB094CE4BFB410AD7">4422</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1A4E279FB02B1F7941B5E272983B3508" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4422.4.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038D3D37FF95FF8AC0E5744B6AEDF959" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6490340" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144128937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6490340" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D3D37FF95FF8AC0E5744B6AEDF959" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D3D37FF95FF8AC0E5744B6AEDF959" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<subSubSection id="C33EDFAAFF95FF89C0E5744B6A2AF96F" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF95FF89C0E5744B698BF94E" blockId="13.[151,746,1660,1719]" box="[151,746,1660,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<heading id="D0D33B4DFF95FF89C0E5744B698BF94E" bold="true" box="[151,746,1660,1686]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF95FF89C0E5744B698BF94E" bold="true" box="[151,746,1660,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF95FF89C0E5744B6ADAF94E" bold="true" box="[151,443,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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?
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<taxonomicName id="4C24F7A2FF95FF89C0DF744B6A44F94E" box="[173,293,1660,1686]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Synoicum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synoicum</taxonomicName>
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pulmonaria
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</emphasis>
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(Ellis & Solander, 1786)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF95FF89C0E574A96A2AF96F" blockId="13.[151,746,1660,1719]" box="[151,331,1694,1719]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131F90A4FF95FF89C0EC74A96A78F96F" box="[158,281,1694,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE16" captionStartId="14.[151,253,1435,1457]" captionText="FIGURE16.? Synoicum pulmonaria. Scale of 1 cm—Preserved material in formalin." pageId="13" pageNumber="532">Figures 16</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131F90A4FF95FF89C15774A86A20F96F" box="[293,321,1695,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1636,1658]" captionTargetBox="[185,1374,221,1585]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,195,1612]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 17.? Synoicum pulmonaria. A—thorax; B—abdomen; C—post-abdomen; D—larvae. Scale: A, B and C = 1 mm; D and E = 0,1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1253260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">17</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EDFAAFF95FF89C0E574D06813F925" box="[151,882,1767,1789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF95FF89C0E574D06813F925" blockId="13.[151,916,1767,1819]" box="[151,882,1767,1789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF95FF89C0E574D06A1EF925" box="[151,383,1767,1789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24F7A2FF95FF89C0E574D06A62F925" box="[151,259,1767,1789]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Alcyonium</taxonomicName>
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pulmonaria
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</emphasis>
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Ellis & Solander, 1786: 175
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF95FF89C2D474D069B8F925" box="[678,729,1767,1789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">apud</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB5F1D0FF95FF89C2AD74D0680EF925" box="[735,879,1767,1789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" refId="ref5688" refString="Berrill, N. J. (1950) The Tunicata with an account of the British species. Ray Society, London, 349 pp." type="book">Berrill (1950)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EDFAAFF95FF89C0E5753168F5F8C3" box="[151,916,1797,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF95FF89C0E5753168F5F8C3" blockId="13.[151,916,1767,1819]" box="[151,916,1797,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB34AB0FFF95FF89C0E5753168F5F8C3" box="[151,916,1797,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF95FF89C0E575316A17F8C3" box="[151,374,1797,1819]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24F7A2FF95FF89C0E575316B9BF8C3" box="[151,250,1798,1819]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Synoicum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synoicum</taxonomicName>
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pulmonaria
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A85AA30FF95FF89C10E7531692DF8C3" author="" box="[380,588,1797,1819]" page="56" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB5F1D0FF95FF89C10E75316948F8C3" box="[380,553,1797,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" refId="ref7237" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American Ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476." type="journal article">Van Name, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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: 56
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</treatmentCitation>
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(e sinonímia).
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<treatmentCitation id="0A85AA30FF95FF89C297753268F1F8C3" author="" box="[741,912,1797,1819]" page="91" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB5F1D0FF95FF89C2977532680BF8C3" box="[741,874,1797,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" refId="ref5688" refString="Berrill, N. J. (1950) The Tunicata with an account of the British species. Ray Society, London, 349 pp." type="book">Berrill, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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: 91
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EDFAAFF95FF89C0E5757F6F83F8B9" box="[151,1250,1864,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF95FF89C0E5757F6F83F8B9" blockId="13.[151,1437,1864,1997]" box="[151,1250,1864,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF95FF89C0E5757F6AE4F8B9" bold="true" box="[151,389,1864,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">Examined material:</emphasis>
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collected in
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<date id="FF9AAAE1FF95FF89C264757F69E8F8B9" box="[534,649,1864,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" value="1966-05-19">19/5/1966</date>
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, 27°37’N, 083°28’W,
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF95FF89C3F6757F68B5F8B8" box="[900,980,1864,1889]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" unit="m" value="36.6">36.6 m</quantity>
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, specimen # EJ-66-203.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EDFAAFF95FF8AC0B5755B6A64FD5D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF95FF89C0B5755B6A9DF815" blockId="13.[151,1437,1864,1997]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF95FF89C0B5755B6A3AF85D" bold="true" box="[199,347,1900,1925]" pageId="13" pageNumber="532">Description:</emphasis>
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Colony formed by numerous stalked heads up to
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF95FF89C3E5755A6884F85C" box="[919,997,1901,1925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF95FF89C42B755A6FB9F85C" box="[1113,1240,1901,1925]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="532" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 cm</quantity>
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thick, with more than one cloacal opening in each. Tunic firm with sediment trapped in the lobes. Attached by a broad base with some foreign material included.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF96FF8AC0B572A06A64FD5D" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">
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Zooids long and slender, measuring
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF96FF8AC22F72A069A0FF77" box="[605,705,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.64" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="5.64">5.64 mm</quantity>
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in length on average (length range: thorax plus abdomen =
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF96FF8AC52F72A06A60FF0C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.83" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.56" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="2.83" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.56">2.56– 3.10 mm</quantity>
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; post-abdomen =
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF96FF8AC1A0728B691CFF0C" box="[466,637,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.265" metricValueMax="5.44" metricValueMin="1.09" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="3.265" valueMax="5.44" valueMin="1.09">1.09–5.44 mm</quantity>
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). Branchial siphon measuring between
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF96FF8AC437728B6F8BFF0C" box="[1093,1258,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="0.165" valueMax="0.22" valueMin="0.11">0.11–0.22 mm</quantity>
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with six round lobes. Atrial opening relatively broad and smooth, located between the second and fourth row of stigmata. Atrial languet with three small teeth between
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF96FF8AC2247333699BFEC4" box="[598,762,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="9.6" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="0.575" valueMax="0.96" valueMin="0.19">0.19–0.96 mm</quantity>
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in length. Around 20 longitudinal muscle fibers running in parallel on each side of the body, sparsely distributed and reaching the post-abdomen. Pharynx with 15–19 stigmata rows. It was not possible to observe the number of stigmata per row. Esophagus long. Stomach small and slightly areolated with anterior and posterior ends slightly flattened. The size of the stomach and esophagus together are equal to slightly more than half of the abdomen length. Posterior stomach absent. Anal opening located between the tenth to the thirteenth row of stigmata. Post-abdomen not marked by a constriction. Zooids with well-developed gonads, testicular follicles occupying only the posterior portion of the post-abdomen in a single and double row. Ovary in central position with up to three yellow oocytes of different sizes. The posterior portion of the thorax takes up to two embryos. Larvae with up to
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<quantity id="4CDC21C4FF96FF8AC2FD70136997FDE4" box="[655,758,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.30 mm</quantity>
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, tail wound around slightly more than half the larvae trunk, dorsal and ventral vesicles in large quantities, three adhesive papillae with long and thin peduncles and four pairs of ampullae.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF5BDCA9FF96FF8AC0E577AC689DFA69" box="[151,1020,1435,1457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF96FF8AC0E577AC689DFA69" blockId="14.[151,1020,1435,1457]" box="[151,1020,1435,1457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">
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||
<emphasis id="B9505033FF96FF8AC0E577AC6A79FA69" bold="true" box="[151,280,1435,1457]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">FIGURE16.</emphasis>
|
||
?
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<emphasis id="B9505033FF96FF8AC14377AC6971FA69" box="[305,528,1435,1457]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24F7A2FF96FF8AC14377AC6AF5FA68" box="[305,404,1435,1456]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Synoicum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synoicum</taxonomicName>
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pulmonaria
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</emphasis>
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. Scale of 1 cm—Preserved material in formalin.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C33EDFAAFF96FF8AC0B577EF6AEDF959" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9B8C21FF96FF8AC0B577EF6AEDF959" blockId="14.[151,1437,1496,1665]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9505033FF96FF8AC0B577EF6A5AFA29" bold="true" box="[199,315,1496,1521]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">Remarks.</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis id="B9505033FF96FF8AC13377EF6959FA28" box="[321,568,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C24F7A2FF96FF8AC13377EF6ACFFA37" box="[321,430,1496,1519]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Synoicum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synoicum</taxonomicName>
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||
pulmonaria
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</emphasis>
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||
is widely distributed in cold waters, but it has never been found in or near the Gulf of
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<collectingCountry id="F333CCB1FF96FF8AC08277CB6A28F9CD" box="[240,329,1532,1557]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">
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||
<collectingRegion id="49E042C3FF96FF8AC08277CB6A28F9CD" box="[240,329,1532,1557]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="533">Mexico</collectingRegion>
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</collectingCountry>
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. Moreover, the zooids from colonies collected during the Hourglass Cruises are much smaller than previous descriptions (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB5F1D0FF96FF8AC1E174176935F9E1" box="[403,596,1568,1593]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" refId="ref7237" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American Ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476." type="journal article">Van Name, 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB5F1D0FF96FF8AC22D74176993F9E1" box="[607,754,1568,1593]" pageId="14" pageNumber="533" refId="ref5688" refString="Berrill, N. J. (1950) The Tunicata with an account of the British species. Ray Society, London, 349 pp." type="book">Berrill, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Since this species has never been recorded near this region, and considering discrepancies in the zooids sizes, a comparison with reference material is needed to ascertain species identification.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |