221 lines
32 KiB
XML
221 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="ED18F7156C87CBDC00ED8E1174AE9E95" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10099866" ID-ZooBank="6B2E0F80-73A2-4F66-B1A6-2D9481EAAB74" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629939946815" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bartsch, Daniel" docDate="2013" docId="03E587E7FFD9441DFF4FFECFFB5EDFB0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03741p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3741 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Monopetalotaxis Wallengren 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFDCFF9FFFCF440AFFD8FF83FFA5DF63" masterDocTitle="Revisionary checklist of the Southern African Sesiini (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) with description of new species" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699599110793" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="47E8E1A57F902FC748EC0C3FF1B48CC4">Revisionary checklist of the Southern African Sesiini (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) with description of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BF1C4258F6EEAE36B3B329F3F4A47F50" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1C78C4DE4C2B4A2A52D670E273B0F3BE">Bartsch, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E7323802B119AF96B417AC6864B88B7D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D723CB9866409EA09FAD523B2898EC23">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6F0F617C9975CA1C54FAA376B59115F3">
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<mods:date id="34343BAB7B23BFBC870368F0E1553196">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C78A4907D32369E269043ED2BC57B6A2">2013-11-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3735D9F4A86EEB898C4786A99F3ACA03">3741</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1D18CBC2CCD34B89E26A7BA9C89086D3">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="48D12E1349BF711BD65648FF7021FC57">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="272E53919860606A01BADC2E05D5C94F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CA158DEEBA86631F3729CC6A5D8EEC03" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E587E7FFD9441DFF4FFECFFB5EDFB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5475324" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5475324" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E587E7FFD9441DFF4FFECFFB5EDFB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7FFD9441DFF4FFECFFB5EDFB0" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="C356657AFFD9441CFF4FFECFFDE4DE05" box="[151,577,332,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF4FFECFFDE4DE05" blockId="22.[151,577,332,358]" box="[151,577,332,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="D0BB819DFFD9441CFF4FFECFFDE4DE05" bold="true" box="[151,577,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFF4FFECFFDE4DE05" ID-CoL="92FZH" authority="Wallengren, 1859" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,577,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF4FFECFFDE4DE05" bold="true" box="[151,577,332,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF4FFECFFEC5DE05" bold="true" box="[151,352,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Monopetalotaxis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFEBFFECFFDE4DE05" author="Wallengren" box="[359,577,332,358]" firstAuthor="Wallengren" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="209 - 215" refId="ref29686" refString="Wallengren, H. D. J. (1859) Nya fjaril-slagten. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 15 (1858), 75 - 84, 135 - 142, 209 - 215." type="journal article" year="1859">Wallengren, 1859</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C356657AFFD9441CFF4FFE11FF42DD60" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF4FFE11FC28DEC4" blockId="22.[151,1436,401,515]" box="[151,909,401,423]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<typeStatus id="54F78853FFD9441CFF4FFE11FF6CDEC4" box="[151,201,402,423]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFEFDFE12FD52DEC4" authority="Wallengren, 1859" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1859" box="[293,759,401,423]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wahlbergi">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFEFDFE12FD9EDEC4" box="[293,571,401,423]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Monopetalotaxis wahlbergi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFD9AFE12FD52DEC4" author="Wallengren" box="[578,759,401,423]" firstAuthor="Wallengren" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="209 - 215" refId="ref29686" refString="Wallengren, H. D. J. (1859) Nya fjaril-slagten. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 15 (1858), 75 - 84, 135 - 142, 209 - 215." type="journal article" year="1859">Wallengren, 1859</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF4FFE33FF42DD60" blockId="22.[151,1436,401,515]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Literature.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFED1FE33FE55DEA5" author="Wallengren" box="[265,496,432,454]" firstAuthor="Wallengren" page="135" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="209 - 215" refId="ref29686" refString="Wallengren, H. D. J. (1859) Nya fjaril-slagten. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 15 (1858), 75 - 84, 135 - 142, 209 - 215." type="journal article" year="1859">Wallengren 1859: 135</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFE24FE33FD66DEA5" author="Hampson" box="[508,707,432,454]" firstAuthor="Hampson" page="58" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="46 - 119" refId="ref28526" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1919) A classification of the Aegeriadae of the Oriental and Ethiopian Regions. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 46 - 119." type="journal article" year="1919">Hampson 1919: 58</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFD17FE33FBA7DEA6" author="Dalla Torre & Strand" box="[719,1026,432,454]" firstAuthor="Dalla Torre" page="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref27751" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. & Strand, E. (1925) Aegeriidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus, 31. W. Junk, Berlin, 202 pp." type="book" year="1925">Dalla Torre & Strand 1925: 7</bibRefCitation>
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; Gaede 1929: 520;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFB17FE33FA32DEA5" author="Naumann" box="[1231,1431,432,454]" firstAuthor="Naumann" page="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref29205" refString="Naumann, C. M. (1971) Untersuchungen zur Systematik und Phylogenese der holarktischen Sesiiden (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Bonner Zoologische Monographien, 1, 190 pp." type="book" year="1971">Naumann 1971: 21</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFF1FFE4CFDB0DE87" author="Heppner & Duckworth" box="[199,533,462,484]" firstAuthor="Heppner" page="42" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref28716" refString="Heppner, J. B. & Duckworth, W. D. (1981) Classification of the Superfamily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera, Ditrysia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 314, 1 - 144. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.314" type="journal article" year="1981">Heppner & Duckworth 1981: 42</bibRefCitation>
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; Fletcher & Nye 1982: 105;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFCE3FE4DFB27DE87" author="Vari, Kroon & Kruger" box="[827,1154,462,484]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="67" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref29547" refString="Vari, L., Kroon, D. M. & Kruger, M. (2002) Classification and Checklist of the species of Lepidoptera recorded in Southern Afrika. Simple Solutions, Chatswood, Australia, 384 pp." type="book" year="2002">Vári, Kroon & Krüger 2002: 67</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFB56FE4DFF46DD60" author="Puhringer & Kallies" firstAuthor="Puhringer" page="44" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="185" refId="ref29350" refString="Puhringer, F. & Kallies, A. (2004) Provisional checklist of the Sesiidae of the world (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia). Mitteilungen der Entomologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Salzkammergut, 4, 185. Available from: http: // www. sesiidae. net / Checklst. htm (accessed 30 October 2013)" type="journal article" year="2004">Pühringer & Kallies 2004: 44</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C356657AFFD9441CFF4FFDACFC74DAAF" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF4FFDACFDDCDB7E" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF4FFDACFEE1DD2B" bold="true" box="[151,324,559,584]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Medium sized robust clearwing moths of distinct wasp-like appearance. Head with frons 1.5–1.7× the diameter of the eye; haustellum very short, weakly sclerotized and non-functional; labial palpus proximally slightly upturned, distally straight; first and third palpomere equal in length, second one somewhat longer, first and second dorsally somewhat rough, ventrally rough with medially appressed and partially hair-like scales, terminal palpomere smooth; antenna clavate, strong and relative short, in male ciliate, unilaterally pectinate, only anterior row of rami present, rami proximally very long, distally tapering, lacking at tip, densely covered with minute ciliae (
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFD9441CFF47FC84FF52DC43" box="[159,247,775,800]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–98" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1760,1783]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,227,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-58@39.[151,1436,193,1739]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 92–98. Male antennae: (92) Alonina pyrocraspis (Hampson, 1910); (93) Alonina rygchiiformis Walker, 1856; (94) Anaudia felderi Wallengren, 1863; (95) Austrosetia semirufa Felder & Felder, 1874; (96) Felderiola candescens (Felder & Felder, 1874); (97) Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856); (98) Hagnogyna bartschi (Freina, 2011)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099889/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs 97</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFD9441CFEDCFC84FE97DC43" box="[260,306,775,800]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–106" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-70@40.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 99–106. Scanning electron microscope pictures of antennae: (99) Cicinnoscelis flavipes new sp., #f holotype; (100) Alonina rygchiiformis Walker, 1856; (101) Anaudia felderi Wallengren, 1863; (102) Austrosetia semirufa Felder & Felder, 1874; (103) Felderiola karooensis new sp.; (104) Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856); (105) Hagnogyna bartschi (Freina, 2011); (106) Sesia bembeciformis (Hübner, 1803)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099891/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">104</figureCitation>
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); female antenna without pectination or ciliae. Thorax and abdomen compact; abdomen cylindrical, all segments with yellow posterior margins; anal tuft developed, but rather small. Legs strong; mid- and hind tibia and first hind tarsomere with tufts of long and rough, hair-like scales; all pairs of spurs with lateral spur half as long as mesal one. Forewing with transparent areas and apical area well developed; longitudinal transparent area extends to discal spot; anterior one with fine longitudinal scale line medially; external one round; discal spot narrow, distally red; hindwing with discal spot short and small. Wing venation (
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFD9441CFBF8FC3FFBD6DCB6" box="[1056,1139,956,981]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–91" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1763,1786]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,202,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-70@38.[151,1436,193,1742]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 84–91. Wing venations: (84) Cicinnoscelis longipes Holland, 1893; (85) Alonina rygchiiformis Walker, 1856; (86) Anaudia felderi Wallengren, 1863, syntype; (87) Austrosetia semirufa Felder & Felder, 1874; (88) Felderiola candescens (Felder & Felder, 1874); (89) Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856); (90) Hagnogyna sanguicosta (Hampson, 1919); (91) Vespanthedon cerceris Le Cerf, 1917, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099887/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
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) with forewing veins R1– R3 approximated, R4 and R5 short stalked, veins M1 to CuA1 arise equally spaced from cross vein; hindwing with very short common stalk of M3 and CuA1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF1FFBA4FE9CDA5E" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF1FFBA4FE50DB23" box="[199,501,1063,1088]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF1FFBA4FED0DB23" bold="true" box="[199,373,1063,1088]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFD9441CFE5DFBA4FE4DDB23" box="[389,488,1063,1088]" captionStart="FIGURE 119" captionStartId="47.[151,249,1751,1773]" captionTargetBox="[168,1405,185,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-23@47.[168,1428,185,1724]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 119. Male genitalia of Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099905/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 119</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Tegumen short and broad, distally ventrad curved; gnathos absent; uncus ventrad angled about 80°, rather short, somewhat flexibly linked with tegumen, ventro-lateral edges with short rows of thorn-like, basad pointing, in particular proximally extremely long setae; valva distally enlarged, mushroomshaped, ventral margin straight, subdistally constricted, dorsal margin concave, distal margin round, distal margin and dorso-apical part of inner surface covered with basad pointing, thorn-like setae; juxta broad somewhat triangular, manica with numerous short spines; saccus short and broad, apically rounded; phallus thick, slightly s-curved with short, somewhat bilobed coecum penis; vesica dorso-proximally with u-shaped sclerotization.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF1FFAC4FC74DAAF" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF1FFAC4FDA9DA03" box="[199,524,1351,1376]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF1FFAC4FE28DA03" bold="true" box="[199,397,1351,1376]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Female genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFD9441CFE45FAC4FDA5DA03" box="[413,512,1351,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 130–131" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[166,1409,198,1743]" captionTargetId="figure-37@53.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 130–131. Female genitalia of Monopetalotaxis Wallengren, 1859 and Hagnogyna new gen.: (130) Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856): (131) Hagnogyna sanguicosta (Hampson, 1919)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099917/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Papillae anales and segment eight broad; lamella postvaginalis forming a broad, triangular plate; posterior apophyses somewhat longer than anterior pair; ostium bursae broad, funnel-shaped; ductus bursae short with well sclerotized, short, anteriorly wide antrum; bursa copulatrix oval, without signum. The abdomen of the examined female contained more than five-hundred eggs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C356657AFFD9441CFF1FFA54FC50D86C" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF1FFA54FE57D93E" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF1FFA54FEE4DA93" bold="true" box="[199,321,1495,1520]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Putative synapomorphies are: (1) antenna relative short, unilaterally pectinate only anterior row of rami present, rami basally extraordinaryly long, lacking at tip; (2) tegumen distally angled; (3) setae of uncus extremely long, thorn-like; (4) setae of valva thorn-like, dorso-apically and located at distal margin; (5) unique, mushroom-like shape of valva.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF1FF9E4FC50D86C" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFE9BF9E4FE39D9E3" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[323,412,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFE9BF9E4FE39D9E3" box="[323,412,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Alonina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in particular the superficially similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFC95F9E4FBE2D9E3" baseAuthorityName="Freina" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[845,1095,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteopunctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFC95F9E4FBE2D9E3" box="[845,1095,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Alonina luteopunctata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFBA7F9EBFA87D91C" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[1151,1314,1640,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrocraspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFBA7F9EBFA87D91C" box="[1151,1314,1640,1663]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. pyrocraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are easily distinguished by the presence of a functional haustellum and by the longer and narrower, in males slightly serrate and not pectinate antennae. A rather similar structure of the antennae can be found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFBA1F92CFEBDD98E" authority="Kallies & Arita, 2004" authorityName="Kallies & Arita" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Lamellisphecia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFBA1F92CFA81D9AB" box="[1145,1316,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Lamellisphecia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFAF5F92CFEBDD98E" author="Kallies & Arita" firstAuthor="Kallies" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="65 - 95" refId="ref28884" refString="Kallies, A. & Arita, Y. (2004) A survey of the clearwing moths of the tribe Sesiini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) from Vietnam and adjacent countries with a synopsis of the Oriental Sesiini fauna. Tinea, 18 (1), 65 - 95." type="journal article" year="2004">Kallies & Arita, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFE8AF957FD26D98E" authority="Kallies, 2011" authorityName="Kallies" authorityYear="2011" box="[338,643,1748,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Clavisphecia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFE8AF957FE41D98E" box="[338,484,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clavisphecia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFE35F957FD26D98E" author="Kallies" box="[493,643,1748,1773]" firstAuthor="Kallies" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="151 - 161" refId="ref28850" refString="Kallies, A. (2011) New species and taxonomic changes in Sesiini from Asia and Europe (Sesiidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 34 (2), 151 - 161." type="journal article" year="2011">Kallies, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4988F813FFD9441CFD2EF957FC03D98E" box="[758,934,1748,1773]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Orientale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oriental region</collectingRegion>
|
||
. However, the genitalia of these two genera are significantly different, showing no close relationship to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFCEAF974FC4BD873" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1859" box="[818,1006,1783,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFCEAF974FC4BD873" box="[818,1006,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Monopetalotaxis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C356657AFFD9441CFF1FF89FFE11D81E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF1FF89FFE11D81E" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF1FF89FFE57D856" bold="true" box="[199,498,1820,1845]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
|
||
The range of the only known species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFC7DF89EFBF1D856" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[933,1108,1820,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doleriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFC7DF89EFBF1D856" box="[933,1108,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. doleriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, extends in the south-eastern parts of Africa, from Natal to southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35B7661FFD9441CFD84F8BCFD72D83B" box="[604,727,1855,1880]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It may also occur in the subtropical regions of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35B7661FFD9441CFAD9F8BCFA3DD83B" box="[1281,1432,1855,1880]" name="Mozambique" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The Biology is unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C356657AFFD9441DFF1FF804FB5EDFB0" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441CFF1FF804FA81D8A6" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFF1FF804FE95D8C3" bold="true" box="[199,304,1927,1952]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">Remark.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on the male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFD10F804FC6CD8C3" baseAuthorityName="Freina" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[712,969,1927,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteopunctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFD10F804FC6CD8C3" box="[712,969,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Alonina luteopunctata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFBDFF804FB66D8C3" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1859" box="[1031,1219,1927,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFBDFF804FB66D8C3" box="[1031,1219,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Monopetalotaxis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but without the knowledge of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F78853FFD9441CFEB8F82FFE35D8A7" box="[352,400,1964,1988]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD9441CFE2EF82FFD2BD8A6" author="Freina" box="[502,654,1964,1989]" firstAuthor="Freina" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="211 - 218" refId="ref28251" refString="Freina, J. J. de (2011) Vier neue Sesiiden und eine unbestimmte Homogyna - Art aus dem sudlichen Afrika (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae: Osminiini, Sesiini). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, NF 31 (4), 211 - 218. Gaede, M. (1929) 22. Familie: Aegeriidae (Sesiidae). In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Grossschmetterlinge der Erde, Bd. 14. Die afrikanischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 515 - 538, pl. 77." type="book chapter" year="2011">Freina (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFD3DF82FFC04D8A6" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1859" box="[741,929,1964,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFD3DF82FFC04D8A6" box="[741,929,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Monopetalotaxis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFC1DF82FFBB0D8A6" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" box="[965,1045,1964,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sesiini">Sesiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This is confirmed here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFD9441DFF4FF852FB5EDFB0" blockId="22.[151,1437,559,2025]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
In the current understanding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFE02F853FD33D88A" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1859" box="[474,662,2000,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFE02F853FD33D88A" box="[474,662,2000,2025]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Monopetalotaxis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
contains only a single species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD9441CFC2DF852FB00D88A" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1013,1189,2000,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doleriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD9441CFC2DF852FB00D88A" box="[1013,1189,2000,2025]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. doleriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other species, which were previously assigned to this genus by various authors (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD8441DFC5EFF1BFB9DDFD3" author="Hampson" box="[902,1080,151,176]" firstAuthor="Hampson" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="46 - 119" refId="ref28526" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1919) A classification of the Aegeriadae of the Oriental and Ethiopian Regions. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 46 - 119." type="journal article" year="1919">Hampson 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD8441DFB9FFF1BFA3DDFD3" author="Heppner & Duckworth" box="[1095,1432,151,176]" firstAuthor="Heppner" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref28716" refString="Heppner, J. B. & Duckworth, W. D. (1981) Classification of the Superfamily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera, Ditrysia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 314, 1 - 144. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.314" type="journal article" year="1981">Heppner & Duckworth 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD8441DFF4FFF3FFE1FDFB6" author="Puhringer & Kallies" box="[151,442,188,213]" firstAuthor="Puhringer" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="185" refId="ref29350" refString="Puhringer, F. & Kallies, A. (2004) Provisional checklist of the Sesiidae of the world (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia). Mitteilungen der Entomologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Salzkammergut, 4, 185. Available from: http: // www. sesiidae. net / Checklst. htm (accessed 30 October 2013)" type="journal article" year="2004">Pühringer & Kallies 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFD8441DFE1DFF3FFDE8DFB6" author="Freina" box="[453,589,188,213]" firstAuthor="Freina" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="211 - 218" refId="ref28251" refString="Freina, J. J. de (2011) Vier neue Sesiiden und eine unbestimmte Homogyna - Art aus dem sudlichen Afrika (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae: Osminiini, Sesiini). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, NF 31 (4), 211 - 218. Gaede, M. (1929) 22. Familie: Aegeriidae (Sesiidae). In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Grossschmetterlinge der Erde, Bd. 14. Die afrikanischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 515 - 538, pl. 77." type="book chapter" year="2011">Freina 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) belong to the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD8441DFC9EFF3FFC3ADFB6" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[838,927,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD8441DFC9EFF3FFC3ADFB6" box="[838,927,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Alonina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD8441DFC74FF3FFB87DFB6" authorityName="Naumann" authorityYear="1971" box="[940,1058,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Felderiola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD8441DFC74FF3FFB87DFB6" box="[940,1058,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Felderiola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFD8441DFB81FF3FFB51DFB6" authorityName="Le Cerf" authorityYear="1917" box="[1113,1268,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Vespanthedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFD8441DFB81FF3FFB51DFB6" box="[1113,1268,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Vespanthedon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |