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<document id="3D69081AFD60A3CCEE7B96924B3016BA" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.198493" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb1edc8f-194a-4d37-b2f2-6a596e8e613d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="198493" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460302849089" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rivera, Julio" docDate="2010" docId="03BEDA61225BEB617FF96587FB2162E7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02638p064.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2638" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Thespidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FF87A2192253EB687F6E6625FFC6660B" masterDocTitle="A historical review of praying mantid taxonomy and systematics in the Neotropical Region: State of knowledge and recent advances (Insecta: Mantodea)" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="44" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698252884459" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="17501C19ADB0D9A9B9A524C17F9C91B8">A historical review of praying mantid taxonomy and systematics in the Neotropical Region: State of knowledge and recent advances (Insecta: Mantodea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38D11F27581293080F35460C63D991DD">Rivera, Julio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="FFD4C1ACB9391ACB16E4FFC94D879B79">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="B5BE046B9D1C295FB75F65C2D48E3E01">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BAF68844C8E1461D673E071AF618E5C8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.198493</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BEDA61225BEB617FF96587FB2162E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679011" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119400061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5679011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BEDA61225BEB617FF96587FB2162E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BEDA61225BEB617FF96587FB2162E7" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="C30D38FC225BEB607FF96587FBFF6291" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA86B77225BEB607FF96587FEDE65B7" blockId="8.[151,280,930,956]" box="[151,280,930,956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="D0E0DC1B225BEB607FF96587FEDE65B7" bold="true" box="[151,280,930,956]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607FF96587FEDE65B7" ID-CoL="8NKR5" box="[151,280,930,956]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607FF96587FEDE65B7" bold="true" box="[151,280,930,956]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Thespidae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BA86B77225BEB607FF965CFFBFF6291" blockId="8.[151,1437,1002,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">
A rather diverse assemblage of small, slender, dull-coloured and usually delicate-looking mantids with wingless females. Species in this group often show little interspecific variability. This taxonomically complicated family has received little treatment and is in need of a major revision. The current subfamily arrangement follows
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607EFC627FFDEF627F" author="Terra" box="[402,553,1114,1140]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Terra, P. S. (1995) Revisao Sistematica dos Generos de Louva-a - Deus da Regiao Neotropical. (Mantodea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 39, 13 - 94." type="journal article" year="1995">Terra (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, which is based on the author’s unpublished Master’s thesis (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607A6E627FFA55627F" author="Terra" box="[1280,1427,1114,1140]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Terra, P. S. (1982 b) Sistematica e evolucao dos generos de louva-a-deus de Pseudomiopteryginae, Thespinae, Miopteryginae e Oligonicinae (Insecta, Mantodea). Dissetacao de mestrado apresentado no Instituto de Biociencias da Universidade (USP), 82 p." type="book" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Terra 1982b</bibRefCitation>
) and it includes four subfamilies in the Neotropics (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607D8662A5FCAB6291" author="Terra" box="[744,877,1152,1178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Terra, P. S. (1995) Revisao Sistematica dos Generos de Louva-a - Deus da Regiao Neotropical. (Mantodea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 39, 13 - 94." type="journal article" year="1995">Terra 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607C1762A5FBEB6291" author="Ehrmann" box="[889,1069,1152,1178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Munster: Natur und Tier Verlag, 519 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ehrmann 2002</bibRefCitation>
):
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30D38FC225BEB617FA86280FB2162E7" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA86B77225BEB607FA86280FB8860AF" blockId="8.[151,1437,1002,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607FA86280FE7862B4" box="[198,446,1189,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pseudomiopteriginae">Pseudomiopteriginae</taxonomicName>
has seven genera (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607DAA6280FC4462B4" author="Ehrmann" box="[708,898,1189,1215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Munster: Natur und Tier Verlag, 519 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ehrmann 2002</bibRefCitation>
), five of which occur in the Neotropics.
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607FF962EEFE2162EF" ID-CoL="8NY7F" authority="Saussure" authorityName="Saussure" box="[151,487,1226,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Pseudomiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607FF962EEFEB662EF" box="[151,368,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Pseudomiopteryx</emphasis>
Saussure
</taxonomicName>
includes ten species and is in need of revision. Most of these species were described in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and most descriptions lack useful distinctive characters or detailed illustrations that might allow accurate identifications and comparative analysis. This genus seems to be very diverse and in most cases species are only separable by comparative analysis of the male genitalia (pers. obs.). Only the male genitalia of
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607DE96345FD2B6372" box="[647,749,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">P. f e s t a e</emphasis>
(Giglio-Tos 1898) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607C826345FAF96371" author="Lombardo" box="[1004,1343,1376,1402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Lombardo, F. &amp; Agabiti, B. (2001) The mantids from Ecuador, with some biogeographic considerations. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 10, 89 - 104." type="journal article" year="2001">Lombardo &amp; Agabiti 2001</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607AEB6345FC0B6394" authority="Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005 (Ariza &amp; Salazar 2005)" authorityName="Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005 (Ariza &amp; Salazar" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Pseudomiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bogotensis" subSpecies="gorgonae">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607AEB6345FE546395" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">P. bogotensis gorgonae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607EF563A0FD6F6394" author="Ariza" box="[411,681,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Ariza, G. M. &amp; Salazar, J. A. (2005) Nuevas especies de mantidos para Colombia. Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 9, 121 - 135." type="journal article" year="2005">Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607DD763A0FC036394" author="Ariza" box="[697,965,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Ariza, G. M. &amp; Salazar, J. A. (2005) Nuevas especies de mantidos para Colombia. Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 9, 121 - 135." type="journal article" year="2005">Ariza &amp; Salazar 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
have been described.
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607BB263A0FA5A6394" author="Salazar" box="[1244,1436,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Salazar, J. A. (2006 b) Ilustraciones en mantidos Colombianos, tipos y apuntes sobre su biogeografia (Insecta: Mantodea). Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 10, 243 - 257." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">Salazar (2006b)</bibRefCitation>
presented a photograph of the
<typeStatus id="54ACD5D5225BEB607E93638FFDA563CF" box="[509,611,1450,1476]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607DE2638EFC2263CF" ID-CoL="4P3G2" authority="Saussure, 1870" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1870" box="[652,996,1450,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Pseudomiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607DE2638EFCE063CF" box="[652,806,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">P. bogotensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607C40638FFC2263CF" author="Saussure" box="[814,996,1450,1476]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Saussure, H. de. (1870) Additions au Systeme des Mantides. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, 3 (5), 221 - 244." type="journal article" year="1870">Saussure, 1870</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607B1F638EFA5D63CF" ID-CoL="8NM2S" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[1137,1435,1450,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Anamiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607B1F638EFAD063CF" box="[1137,1302,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Anamiopteryx</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
includes three species and
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607EBC63F5FDB563E1" author="Beier" box="[466,627,1488,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Beier, M. (1935 a) Mantodea. Subfamilie: Mantinae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed), Genera Insectorum. Fasc. 203, Bruxelles, 146 pp." type="book" year="1935" yearSuffix="a">Beier (1935a)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607DC063F5FC8463E1" author="Rehn" box="[686,834,1488,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Rehn, J. A. G. (1920) Records and descriptions of Brazilian Orthoptera. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 72, 219 - 237." type="journal article" year="1920">Rehn (1920)</bibRefCitation>
may still be of some utility for their identification. Only the male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607EBA63D0FCD26004" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1915" box="[468,788,1525,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Anamiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borelli">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607EBA63D0FD856005" box="[468,579,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">A. borelli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607D2563D0FCD26004" author="Giglio-Tos" box="[587,788,1525,1551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. Generi e specie nuove. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 46, 31 - 108." type="journal article" year="1915">Giglio-Tos, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is known (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607CF663D0FBAD6004" author="Lombardo" box="[920,1131,1525,1551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Lombardo, F. (2000 b) Remarks on some American mantids of the Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin, and a description of a new species of Xystropeltis Rehn from Ecuador. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin: Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 47, 87 - 93." type="journal article" year="2000" yearSuffix="b">Lombardo 2000b</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607B1163D0FA5A6004" ID-CoL="8NRLZ" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[1151,1436,1525,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Eumiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607B1163D0FAD36005" box="[1151,1301,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Eumiopteryx</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
includes three poorly known species. Jantsch (1991) presented a key for separation of
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607BE2603EFA5A603F" authority="Jantsch 1991" authorityName="Jantsch" authorityYear="1991" box="[1164,1436,1562,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Eumiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607BE2603EFB3A603F" box="[1164,1276,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">E. magna</emphasis>
Jantsch 1991
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607FA26065FD866051" ID-CoL="6GWVP" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1915" box="[204,576,1600,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Eumiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticollis">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607FA26065FE986052" box="[204,350,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">E. laticollis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607E096065FD866051" author="Giglio-Tos" box="[359,576,1600,1626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. Generi e specie nuove. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 46, 31 - 108." type="journal article" year="1915">Giglio-Tos, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607D236065FC426051" ID-CoL="8NTGT" authority="Chopard" authorityName="Chopard" box="[589,900,1600,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Leptomiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607D236065FCD66052" box="[589,784,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Leptomiopteryx</emphasis>
Chopard
</taxonomicName>
includes only two species and the original descriptions may still be of some use to distinguish them (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607C216040FC386074" author="Chopard" box="[847,1022,1637,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Chopard, L. (1912) Contribution de la faune des Orthopteres de la Guyane francaise. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 80, 315 - 350." type="journal article" year="1912">Chopard 1912</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607B656040FB556074" author="Beier" box="[1035,1171,1637,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Beier, M. (1930) New and rare Mantodea (Orthoptera) in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10 (6), 432 - 460." type="journal article" year="1930">Beier 1930</bibRefCitation>
). Finally,
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607A646040FA5C6074" ID-CoL="8NXMW" authority="Terra" authorityName="Terra" box="[1290,1434,1637,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Pizaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607A646040FA906075" box="[1290,1366,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Pizaia</emphasis>
Terra
</taxonomicName>
includes a single species known only from the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607CC160AFFB8460AF" author="Terra" box="[943,1090,1674,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Terra, P. S. (1982 a) Novos generos e novas especies de Louva-a-Deus da America do Sul (Mantodea, Mantidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 26, 327 - 332." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Terra 1982a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA86B77225BEB607FA86095FDB961C4" blockId="8.[151,1437,1002,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607FA86095FEB560C1" box="[198,371,1712,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Miopteryginae">Miopteryginae</taxonomicName>
consists of five genera (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607DC56095FCA260C1" author="Ehrmann" box="[683,868,1712,1738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Munster: Natur und Tier Verlag, 519 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ehrmann 2002</bibRefCitation>
), all in the Neotropical region. Most of these genera, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607E3B60F0FD4660E4" ID-CoL="8NXYK" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[341,640,1749,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Promiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607E3B60F0FE3160E5" box="[341,503,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Promiopteryx</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
(5 spp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607D9A60F0FC6460E4" ID-CoL="8PPF7" authority="Terra" authorityName="Terra" box="[756,930,1749,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Emboicy" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607D9A60F0FC9A60E5" box="[756,860,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Emboicy</emphasis>
Terra
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D11A0FE225BEB607CD960F0FC2860E4" box="[951,1006,1749,1775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" type="generic">1 sp.</specimenCount>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607B5A60F0FAFE60E4" ID-CoL="8NVGR" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[1076,1336,1749,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Miobantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607B5A60F0FB7660E5" box="[1076,1200,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Miobantia</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
(6 spp.) are poorly known and in need of revision.
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607DDB60DFFCB8611F" author="Salazar" box="[693,894,1786,1812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Salazar, J. A. (2006 b) Ilustraciones en mantidos Colombianos, tipos y apuntes sobre su biogeografia (Insecta: Mantodea). Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 10, 243 - 257." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">Salazar (2006b)</bibRefCitation>
published a photograph of the
<typeStatus id="54ACD5D5225BEB607A6260DFFABC611F" box="[1292,1402,1786,1812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607FF96105FD606131" ID-CoL="4MSVD" authority="Saussure, 1870" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,678,1824,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Promiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granadensis">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607FF96105FE146132" box="[151,466,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Promiopteryx granadensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607E8C6105FD5B6131" author="Saussure" box="[482,669,1824,1850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Saussure, H. de. (1870) Additions au Systeme des Mantides. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, 3 (5), 221 - 244." type="journal article" year="1870">Saussure, 1870</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The highly cryptic, lichen mimics in
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607B006105FABE6131" ID-CoL="8PNLV" authority="Terra" authorityName="Terra" box="[1134,1400,1824,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Calopteromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607B006105FAF26132" box="[1134,1332,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Calopteromantis</emphasis>
Terra
</taxonomicName>
(4 spp.) were partially treated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607D636160FC956154" author="Lombardo" box="[525,851,1861,1887]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Lombardo, F. &amp; Ayala, M. (1999) The genus Calopteromantis Terra, 1982 (Insecta, Mantodea) and description of a new species. Bollettino delle sedute della Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali in Catania, 31, 107 - 117." type="journal article" year="1999">Lombardo &amp; Ayala (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, who described the male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607A756160FEE9618F" authority="Terra, 1982" authorityName="Terra" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Calopteromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebardi">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607A756160FA5A6155" box="[1307,1436,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">C. hebardi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607FF9614FFEE9618F" author="Terra" box="[151,303,1898,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Terra, P. S. (1982 a) Novos generos e novas especies de Louva-a-Deus da America do Sul (Mantodea, Mantidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 26, 327 - 332." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Terra, 1982a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607E05614EFCFE618F" authority="Lombardo &amp; Ayala, 1999" authorityName="Lombardo &amp; Ayala" authorityYear="1999" box="[363,824,1898,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Calopteromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="otongica">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607E05614EFE3E618F" box="[363,504,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">C. otongica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607D6E614FFCFE618F" author="Lombardo" box="[512,824,1898,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Lombardo, F. &amp; Ayala, M. (1999) The genus Calopteromantis Terra, 1982 (Insecta, Mantodea) and description of a new species. Bollettino delle sedute della Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali in Catania, 31, 107 - 117." type="journal article" year="1999">Lombardo &amp; Ayala, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; two other species have been described by
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607A2A614FFF3061A1" author="Jantsch" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Jantsch, L. J. (1994 a) Una nova especie de Louva-a-Deus de regiao neotropical (Mantodea; Mantidae; Thespinae; Pseudomiopterygini). Biociencias, 2, 75 - 78." type="journal article" year="1994" yearSuffix="a">Jantsch (1994a)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607E5A61B5FE3C61A1" author="Salazar" box="[308,506,1936,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Salazar, J. A. (2002 a) Novedades en Mantidae y su reconocimiento en la coleccion entomologica de la Universidad de Tolima, Ibague). Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 6, 73 - 82." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">Salazar (2002a)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607D6861B5FCA561A1" ID-CoL="8NPKF" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[518,867,1936,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Chloromiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607D6861B5FD1061A2" box="[518,726,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Chloromiopteryx</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
has a single distinctive species,
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225BEB607B9761B5FEB161C4" ID-CoL="69Y98" authority="Burmeister, 1838" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Chloromiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis id="B963B765225BEB607B9761B5FA5A61A2" box="[1273,1436,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">C. thalassina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225BEB607FF16190FEA861C4" author="Burmeister" box="[159,366,1973,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Burmeister, H. C. (1838) Handbuch der Entomologie. Fangschrecken, Mantodea. Handbuch der Entomologie, Theodor Christian Friedrich Enslin, Berlin, 2, v - viii, 517 - 522." type="journal article" year="1838">Burmeister, 1838</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, from southern
<collectingCountry id="F3002BE7225BEB607D5E6190FDBA61C4" box="[560,636,1973,1999]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="52">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA86B77225AEB617FA866BDFE7E6479" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617FA866BDFEF866B9" ID-CoL="8Q6ZV" box="[198,318,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thespinae">Thespinae</taxonomicName>
contains nine genera (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617D2866BDFD3C66B9" author="Ehrmann" box="[582,762,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Munster: Natur und Tier Verlag, 519 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ehrmann 2002</bibRefCitation>
), eight of which are distributed in the Neotropical region. None of these genera have been reviewed with the exception of the monospecific
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617BE76698FABF66DC" ID-CoL="8NWWR" authority="Rehn" authorityName="Rehn" box="[1161,1401,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Paramusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617BE76698FAEA66DD" box="[1161,1324,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Paramusonia</emphasis>
Rehn
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617AE86698FE0866F7" ID-CoL="4D45S" authority="Saussure, 1869" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Paramusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cubensis">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617AE86698FF3A66F0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">P. cubensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617E6266C7FE0366F7" author="Saussure" box="[268,453,226,252]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Saussure, H. de. (1869) Essai d'un Systeme des Mantides. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, 3 (2), 49 - 73." type="journal article" year="1869">Saussure, 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, was thoroughly redescribed recently by
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617CDB66C7FAA566F7" author="Lombardo" box="[949,1379,226,252]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Lombardo, F. &amp; Perez-Gelabert, D. E. (2004) The mantids of Hispaniola, with the description of two new species (Mantodea). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragones a, 34, 35 - 48." type="journal article" year="2004">Lombardo &amp; Perez-Gelabert (2004)</bibRefCitation>
. The taxonomy of this subfamily is chaotic and generic limits are not well established.
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617BE5672DFAEB6729" ID-CoL="8NVMQ" authority="Stal" authorityName="Stal" box="[1163,1325,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Musonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617BE5672DFB30672A" box="[1163,1270,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Musonia</emphasis>
Stål
</taxonomicName>
(8 spp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617FF96708FE60674C" ID-CoL="8NVMR" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[151,422,301,327]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Musoniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617FF96708FEDB674D" box="[151,285,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Musoniella</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
(9 spp.) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617D286708FC89674C" ID-CoL="8NVMS" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[582,847,301,327]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Musoniola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617D286708FD03674D" box="[582,709,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Musoniola</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
(5 spp.) all include very similar species, most of them almost impossible to differentiate using the available literature. A number of synonymies are likely to exist within these genera. Male genital structure is known only for
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617CB5675DFE8D67BC" authority="Battiston &amp; Picciau, 2008" authorityName="Battiston &amp; Picciau" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Musoniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margheritae">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617CB5675DFAC2679A" box="[987,1284,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Musoniella margheritae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617A63675DFE8D67BC" author="Battiston" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Battiston, R. &amp; Picciau, L. (2008 b) First report of the praying mantis genus Musoniella Giglio-Tos, 1916 from Ecuador with the description of a new species (Mantodea Thespidae Thespinae). In: Giachino, P. M. (Ed), Biodiversity of South America I. Memoirs on Biodiversity, World Biodiversity Association Onlus, Verona, 1, p. 31 - 38." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">Battiston &amp; Picciau, 2008b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. A similar paucity of data is found in
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617C7E67B8FC1767BC" ID-CoL="8P24P" authority="Serville" authorityName="Serville" box="[784,977,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thespis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617C7E67B8FCAC67BD" box="[784,874,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Thespis</emphasis>
Serville
</taxonomicName>
, which has seven species but only one (
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617FCF67E7FDDC67D7" ID-CoL="7BWP7" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1916" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1916" box="[161,538,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thespis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="media">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617FCF67E7FE8C67D0" box="[161,330,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Thespis media</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos, 1916
</taxonomicName>
) with the male genitalia described (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617CD367E7FB9D67D7" author="Cerda" box="[957,1115,450,476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Cerda, F. J. (1993 b) Valor taxonomico del complejo falico en Mantidos Neotropicales (Dictyoptera: Mantodea). Boletin de Entomologia Venezolana (NS), 8 (1), 33 - 52." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Cerdá 1993b</bibRefCitation>
). The remaining genera are
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617FF967CDFE646409" ID-CoL="8NRM3" authority="Giglio-Tos" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" box="[151,418,488,514]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Eumusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617FF967CDFEDD640A" box="[151,283,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Eumusonia</emphasis>
Giglio-Tos
</taxonomicName>
(3 spp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617D7A67CDFCE36409" ID-CoL="8NTVC" authority="Hebard" authorityName="Hebard" box="[532,805,488,514]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Macromusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617D7A67CDFD03640A" box="[532,709,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Macromusonia</emphasis>
Hebard
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617C0A67CDFB8C6409" ID-CoL="8NRWQ" authority="Scudder" authorityName="Scudder" box="[868,1098,488,514]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Galapagia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617C0A67CDFC27640A" box="[868,993,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Galapagia</emphasis>
Scudder
</taxonomicName>
(3 spp.).
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617BD267CDFAAB640A" ID-CoL="8NTVC" box="[1212,1389,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Macromusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617BD267CDFAAB640A" box="[1212,1389,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Macromusonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has two well known, widely distributed species.
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617DC26428FC3F642C" author="Battiston" box="[684,1017,525,551]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Battiston, R. &amp; Picciau, L. (2008 a) Contribution to the knowledge of the Mantodea of Ecuador with the description of the male of Pseudoxyops perpulchra (Westwood, 1889) (Mantodea Mantidae Stagmatopterinae). In: Giachino, P. M. (Ed), Biodiversity of South America I. Memoirs on Biodiversity, World Biodiversity Association Onlus, Verona, 1, p. 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">Battiston &amp; Picciau (2008a)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated a living specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617A126428FE116447" authority="Saussure, 1870" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Macromusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compersa">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617A126428FECF6440" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">M. compersa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617E796417FE0B6447" author="Saussure" box="[279,461,562,588]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Saussure, H. de. (1870) Additions au Systeme des Mantides. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, 3 (5), 221 - 244." type="journal article" year="1870">Saussure, 1870</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617D276417FC206447" ID-CoL="3F2FY" authority="Terra, 1982" authorityName="Terra" authorityYear="1982" box="[585,998,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Galapagia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617D276417FC8A6440" box="[585,844,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Galapagia amazonica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617C3D6417FC206447" author="Terra" box="[851,998,562,588]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Terra, P. S. (1982 a) Novos generos e novas especies de Louva-a-Deus da America do Sul (Mantodea, Mantidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 26, 327 - 332." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Terra, 1982a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
probably should be placed elsewhere (J. Rivera, unpublished).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA86B77225AEB617FA86458FB2162E7" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617FA86458FE9B649C" box="[198,349,637,663]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Oligonicinae">Oligonicinae</taxonomicName>
is a rather diverse and morphologically heterogeneous subfamily of 16 genera (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617A496458FF1064B7" author="Ehrmann" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Munster: Natur und Tier Verlag, 519 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ehrmann, 2002</bibRefCitation>
), none of which has ever been reviewed. The taxonomy of this subfamily is especially complicated and in most cases species are known from unique
<typeStatus id="54ACD5D5225AEB617DB464EDFCC964E9" box="[730,783,712,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
specimens. The taxonomic literature may allow the identification of only a handful of species, but these references must be interpreted with caution since most of these descriptions relied on highly variable characters of little importance, such as coloration and size. Taxonomically informative characters, such as male genitalia, have never been mentioned or described for most species, except for:
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617ED36578FB03657C" ID-CoL="56FVB" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915 (Lombardo &amp; Agabiti 2001)" authorityName="Giglio-Tos, 1915 (Lombardo &amp; Agabiti" authorityYear="2001" box="[445,1221,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thesprotiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festae">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617ED36578FD65657D" box="[445,675,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Thesprotiella festae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617DC46578FCB7657C" author="Giglio-Tos" box="[682,881,861,887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. Generi e specie nuove. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 46, 31 - 108." type="journal article" year="1915">Giglio-Tos, 1915</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617C116578FB7B657C" author="Lombardo" box="[895,1213,861,887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Lombardo, F. &amp; Agabiti, B. (2001) The mantids from Ecuador, with some biogeographic considerations. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 10, 89 - 104." type="journal article" year="2001">Lombardo &amp; Agabiti 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617BBF6578FEB46597" ID-CoL="7BWPC" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thesprotia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617BBF6578FA5D657D" box="[1233,1435,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Thesprotia brevis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617FF965A7FEB46597" author="Giglio-Tos" box="[151,370,898,924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. Generi e specie nuove. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 46, 31 - 108." type="journal article" year="1915">Giglio-Tos, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617EEA65A7FD006597" author="Agudelo" box="[388,710,898,924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Agudelo, A. &amp; Chica, L. (2003 b) Descripcion del complejo falico de Thesprotia brevis Giglio-Tos, 1915 (Insecta: Mantodea: Thespidae). Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 7, 209 - 213." type="journal article" year="2003" yearSuffix="b">Agudelo &amp; Chica 2003b</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617DB265A7FAA06597" authority="Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894" authorityName="Saussure &amp; Zehntner" authorityYear="1894" box="[732,1382,898,924]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Bactromantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tolteca">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617DB265A7FC2E6590" box="[732,1000,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Bactromantis tolteca</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617C9465A7FA9B6597" author="Saussure" box="[1018,1373,898,924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Saussure, H. de. &amp; Zehntner, L. (1894) Fam. Mantidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta Orthoptera. Societe Entomologique, 1, 123 - 197." type="journal article" year="1894">Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617FF9658DFC3165C9" ID-CoL="496F8" authority="(Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894) (Battiston et al. 2005)" authorityName="(Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894) (Battiston et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[151,1015,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Oligonicella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolliana">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617FF9658DFE5565CA" box="[151,403,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Oligonicella bolliana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617ECC658DFD2265C9" author="Saussure" box="[418,740,936,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Saussure, H. de. &amp; Zehntner, L. (1894) Fam. Mantidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta Orthoptera. Societe Entomologique, 1, 123 - 197." type="journal article" year="1894">Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894</bibRefCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617D92658DFC3665C9" author="Battiston" box="[764,1008,936,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Battiston, R., Fontana, P., Agabiti, B. &amp; Garcia-Garcia, P. L. (2005) Mantodea Collected in Mexico During an 8800 Km Orthopterological Trip (Insecta: Mantodea). Atti della Accademia Roveretana degli Agiati, a. 255 ser. VIII, Vol V, B, 199 - 215." type="journal article" year="2005">
Battiston
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617C01658DFC6F65CA" box="[879,937,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617B5B658DFD9E65EC" authority="Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005 (Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005)" authorityName="Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005 (Ariza &amp; Salazar" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Oligonicella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agudeloi">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617B5B658DFAF065CA" box="[1077,1334,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Oligonicella agudeloi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617A53658DFEF365EC" author="Ariza" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Ariza, G. M. &amp; Salazar, J. A. (2005) Nuevas especies de mantidos para Colombia. Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 9, 121 - 135." type="journal article" year="2005">Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617E2A65E8FD9665EC" author="Ariza" box="[324,592,973,999]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Ariza, G. M. &amp; Salazar, J. A. (2005) Nuevas especies de mantidos para Colombia. Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 9, 121 - 135." type="journal article" year="2005">Ariza &amp; Salazar, 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. A photo of one
<typeStatus id="54ACD5D5225AEB617C7465E8FCB365EC" box="[794,885,973,999]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617CF265E8FF146207" ID-CoL="7C9VJ" authority="Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894" authorityName="Saussure &amp; Zehntner" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Thrinaconyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumosus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617CF265E8FB5165ED" box="[924,1175,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Thrinaconyx fumosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617BF165E8FF146207" author="Saussure" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Saussure, H. de. &amp; Zehntner, L. (1894) Fam. Mantidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta Orthoptera. Societe Entomologique, 1, 123 - 197." type="journal article" year="1894">Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617E6465D7FD3B6207" authority="Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894" authorityName="Saussure &amp; Zehntner" authorityYear="1894" box="[266,765,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Mionyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saevus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617E6465D7FE716200" box="[266,439,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Mionyx saevus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617ED065D7FD3B6207" author="Saussure" box="[446,765,1010,1036]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Saussure, H. de. &amp; Zehntner, L. (1894) Fam. Mantidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta Orthoptera. Societe Entomologique, 1, 123 - 197." type="journal article" year="1894">Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1894</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617C7065D7FACC6207" ID-CoL="78FHD" authority="Stal, 1877" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[798,1290,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Pseudomusonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineativentris">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617C7065D7FBBF6200" box="[798,1145,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Pseudomusonia lineativentris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617BE765D7FAC76207" author="Stal" box="[1161,1281,1010,1036]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Stal, C. (1877) Systema Mantodeorum. Essai d'une Systematization nouvelle des Mantidees. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 4, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1877">Stål, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is presented by
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617FD2623DFE1A6239" author="Salazar" box="[188,476,1048,1074]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Salazar, J. A. &amp; Stiewe M. B. D. (2009) Sobre algunos tipos de Mantodea Americanos depositados en el Museo Britanico de Historia Natural. Boletin Cientifico del Museo de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas, 13 (1), 127 - 139." type="journal article" year="2009">Salazar &amp; Stiewe (2009)</bibRefCitation>
. This subfamily appears to be very speciose and the number of described species certainly underrepresents its actual diversity, making literature-based species identification challenging (pers. obs.). Some other poorly known genera such as
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617DBF6246FC146277" ID-CoL="8NTYC" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" box="[721,978,1122,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Mantellias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617DBF6246FC896277" box="[721,847,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Mantellias</emphasis>
Westwood
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617B636246FA856277" ID-CoL="8NTKL" authority="Rehn &amp; Hebard" authorityName="Rehn &amp; Hebard" box="[1037,1347,1122,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Liguanea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617B636246FBBA6277" box="[1037,1148,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Liguanea</emphasis>
Rehn &amp; Hebard
</taxonomicName>
, placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617FD762ADFE9862A9" box="[185,350,1160,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Oligonicinae">Oligonicinae</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617EFF62ADFDA062A9" author="Ehrmann" box="[401,614,1160,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Munster: Natur und Tier Verlag, 519 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ehrmann (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, are in need of further evaluation. Finally, the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617A7962ADFEDF62CC" ID-CoL="8NTYF" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Mantillica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617A7962ADFA5B62AA" box="[1303,1437,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Mantillica</emphasis>
Westwood
</taxonomicName>
, often considered to belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617DF86288FCF162CC" box="[662,823,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Oligonicinae">Oligonicinae</taxonomicName>
, includes two species, but at least one species,
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617A126288FE7562E7" authority="Kaltenbach, 1957" authorityName="Kaltenbach" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Thespidae" genus="Mantillica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beieri">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617A126288FF1D62E7" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">M. beieri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF861686225AEB617F8D62F7FE7562E7" author="Kaltenbach" box="[227,435,1234,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" refString="Kaltenbach, A. P. (1957) Eine Neue Mantillica aus Argentinien. Entomologisches Nachrichtenblatt Osterreichischer und Schweizer Entomologen, 9, 36 - 37." type="journal article" year="1957">Kaltenbach, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, probably should be transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C1710F4225AEB617C2262F6FC7862E7" ID-CoL="8NRKD" box="[844,958,1235,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Mantoididae" genus="Mantoida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963B765225AEB617C2262F6FC7862E7" box="[844,958,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="53">Mantoida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. Rivera, unpublished).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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