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<document id="6885D55A4B78C7CC72CD2B52DFAF4D0A" ID-CLB-Dataset="21892" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2016.223" ID-GBIF-Dataset="54a4f350-fb99-4729-a787-40400335f0d2" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3840297" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590171303708" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Sinev, Artem Y. &amp; Dumont, Henri J." docDate="2016" docId="03BB1B45FFE6FFA1FE358EA5FD80FD30" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2016-223.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 223" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Flavalona rustica subsp. rustica Sinev &amp; Dumont 2016, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FF82633DFFF4FFB9FFD88B60FFA4FFC0" masterDocTitle="Revision of the costata-group of Alona s. lato (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) confirms its generic status" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698841066224" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="CAE1D1AF86F8DE4B26FEF672875FD4D0">Revision of the costata-group of Alona s. lato (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) confirms its generic status</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1F4C981BAE2ABA5F3142012C65558DB1">Sinev, Artem Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="298513538F6FCA21A78317D3A4D15EA7">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia and A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: FBB 6 AAEF- 4 F 83 - 4 F 43 - B 6 C 3 - E 50 C 150 EA 9 FE &amp; Corresponding author: artemsinev @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D3E357BE05E2020694AAD5CC111AB71D">Dumont, Henri J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="160A9D5286B9AEF7B5DB78D2C42D4396">Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. &amp; Department of Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. &amp; Email: Henri. Dumont @ ugent. be &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 647 CC 682 - C 915 - 4855 - B 447 - 74575898 B 4 CB</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03BB1B45FFE6FFA1FE358EA5FD80FD30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853368" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164252644" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853368" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB1B45FFE6FFA1FE358EA5FD80FD30" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB1B45FFE6FFA1FE358EA5FD80FD30" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE6FFABFE358EA5FBE3FA20" blockId="18.[493,1095,1442,1539]" box="[493,1095,1477,1504]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE6FFABFE358EA5FC1AFA20" authority="rustica (Scott, 1895)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Scott" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[493,958,1477,1504]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rustica" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="rustica">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE6FFABFE358EA5FCB9FA1F" bold="true" box="[493,797,1477,1504]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Flavalona rustica rustica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFCF58EA6FC12FA20" author="Scott T." box="[813,950,1477,1504]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="189 - 191" refId="ref20442" refString="Scott T. 1895. The inland waters of the Shetland Islands. Notes on the species represented by the drawings on Plate V. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 13: 189 - 191." type="journal article" year="1895">Scott, 1895</bibRefCitation>
)
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE6FFABFC1D8EA5FBE3FA20" box="[965,1095,1477,1504]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE6FFABFD3F8E89FCE9F9C3" blockId="18.[493,1095,1442,1539]" box="[743,845,1512,1539]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE6FFABFD3F8E89FCE9F9C3" box="[743,845,1512,1539]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionStartId-1="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox-0="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetBox-1="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId-0="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetId-1="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId-0="19" captionTargetPageId-1="20" captionText-0="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." captionText-1="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB028D7DFFE6FFABFF658D4AFC80F984" box="[189,804,1578,1605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFF658D4AFDC6F984" author="Scott T." box="[189,610,1578,1605]" page="190" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1895">
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE6FFABFF658D4AFDC6F984" ID-CoL="C4NW" authority="Scott, 1895: 189 - 190" authorityName="Scott" authorityPageNumber="189 - 190" authorityYear="1895" box="[189,610,1578,1605]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustica">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE6FFABFF658D4AFEFFF984" box="[189,347,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Alona rustica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFEBB8D4AFDC6F984" author="Scott T." box="[355,610,1578,1605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="189 - 191" refId="ref20442" refString="Scott T. 1895. The inland waters of the Shetland Islands. Notes on the species represented by the drawings on Plate V. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 13: 189 - 191." type="journal article" year="1895">Scott, 1895: 189–190</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 5, figs 5, 17.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE6FFABFF658D2DFC06F9A7" blockId="18.[189,930,1578,1640]" box="[189,930,1613,1640]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB028D7DFFE6FFABFF658D2DFC06F9A7" box="[189,930,1613,1640]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFF658D2DFD06F9A7" author="Maemets A." box="[189,674,1613,1640]" page="264" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1958">
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE6FFABFF658D2DFD06F9A7" ID-CoL="C4KK" authority="Maemets, 1958: 260 - 264" authorityName="Maemets" authorityPageNumber="260 - 264" authorityYear="1958" box="[189,674,1613,1640]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estonica">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE6FFABFF658D2DFEC8F9A7" box="[189,364,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Alona estonica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFEAB8D2EFD06F9A7" author="Maemets A." box="[371,674,1613,1640]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="260 - 271" refId="ref19825" refString="Maemets A. 1958. Sustemaatilis-okoloogilisi andmeid moningate huvitavate Eesti vesikirbuliste (Cladocera) kohta. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised (Bioloogia) 7 (4): 260 - 271." type="journal article" year="1958">Maëmets, 1958: 260–264</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1–3, photos 1–2.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE6FFABFF658DEFFC40F899" blockId="18.[189,1399,1679,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB028D7DFFE6FFABFF658DEFFC40F899" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE6FFABFF658DEFFEFAF969" ID-CoL="C4NW" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1895" box="[189,350,1679,1705]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustica">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE6FFABFF658DEFFEFAF969" box="[189,350,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Alona rustica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFE588DEFFDD2F969" author="Frey D. G." box="[384,630,1679,1706]" page="162" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFE588DEFFDD2F969" author="Frey D. G." box="[384,630,1679,1706]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="159 - 173" refId="ref19084" refString="Frey D. G. 1965. Differentiation of Alona costata Sars from two related species (Cladocera, Chydoridae). Crustaceana 8: 159 - 173." type="journal article" year="1965">Frey 1965: 162–169</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 1–7. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFCC48DEFFBE4F969" author="Flossner D." box="[796,1088,1679,1705]" page="443" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFCC48DEFFBE4F969" author="Flossner D." box="[796,1088,1679,1705]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="417 - 434" refId="ref18956" refString="Flossner D. 1967. Alona rustica Scott und Alona costata Sars (Cladocera, Chydoridae). Zur Kenntnis der Morphologie und Okologie einer Zwillingsart. Limnologica 5 (3): 417 - 434." type="journal article" year="1967">Flössner 1967: 443–444</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFB1D8DEFFE82F90C" author="Smirnov N. N." page="360" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFB1D8DEFFE82F90C" author="Smirnov N. N." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="2" refId="ref21309" refString="Smirnov N. N. 1971. Chydoridae fauny mira. Fauna USSR. Rakoobraznie, 1 (2). Leningrad. (English translation: Chydoridae of the world. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1974)." type="journal article" year="1971">Smirnov 1971: 360–363</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 416–418. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFDDD8DD2FC83F90C" author="Flossner D." box="[517,807,1714,1740]" page="301" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFDDD8DD2FC83F90C" author="Flossner D." box="[517,807,1714,1740]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref18993" refString="Flossner D. 1972. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Krebstiere, Crustacea (Kiemen- und Blattfusser. Branchiopoda, Fischlause, Branchiura). Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena." type="book" year="1972">Flössner 1972: 301–304</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 142. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFC1F8DD2FAD6F90C" author="Van de Velde I. &amp; Dumont H. J." box="[967,1394,1714,1740]" page="306" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFC1F8DD2FAD6F90C" author="Van de Velde I. &amp; Dumont H. J." box="[967,1394,1714,1740]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="355 - 365" refId="ref22169" refString="Van de Velde I. &amp; Dumont H. J. 1978. Liste des especes de Cladoceres connues aux iles des Acores. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire naturelle de Paris 3 e serie, 515, Zoologie 354: 355 - 365." type="journal article" year="1978">Van de Velde &amp; Dumont 1978: 306</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1A–C. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFEBD8DB6FD25F930" author="Dumont H. J." box="[357,641,1749,1776]" page="102" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFEBD8DB6FD25F930" author="Dumont H. J." box="[357,641,1749,1776]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="97 - 106" refId="ref18815" refString="Dumont H. J. 1983. Discovery of groundwater inhabiting Chydoridae (Crustacea: Cladocera), with the description of two new species. Hydrobiologia 106: 97 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00006741" type="journal article" year="1983">Dumont 1983: 102–105</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 4. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFD2E8DB6FBA3F92F" author="Negrea S." box="[758,1031,1749,1776]" page="228" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFD2E8DB6FBA3F92F" author="Negrea S." box="[758,1031,1749,1776]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref20033" refString="Negrea S. 1983. Cladocera. Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania, Crustacea 4. Bucuresti." type="book" year="1983">Negrea 1983: 228–190</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 117. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFB788DB5FE82F8D2" author="Margaritora F. G." page="316" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFB788DB5FE82F8D2" author="Margaritora F. G." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref19947" refString="Margaritora F. G. 1985. Cladocera. Fauna d'Italia XXIII. Calderini, Bologna." type="book" year="1985">Margaritora 1985: 316–318</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 125. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFE618D98FD62F8D3" author="Alonso M." box="[441,710,1784,1811]" page="323" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFE618D98FD62F8D3" author="Alonso M." box="[441,710,1784,1811]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref18534" refString="Alonso M. 1996. Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Fauna Iberica 7. Museo National de Ciencias Natural. Consejo Superior de Investigationes Cientificas, Madrid." type="book" year="1996">Alonso 1996: 323–325</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 144. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFC828D98FB9FF8D2" author="Flossner D." box="[858,1083,1784,1810]" page="318" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFC828D98FB9FF8D2" author="Flossner D." box="[858,1083,1784,1810]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref19023" refString="Flossner D. 2000. Die Haplopoda und Cladocera (ohne Bosminidae) Mitteleuropas. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden." type="book" year="2000">Flössner 2000: 318</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 118. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFB168D98FE73F8F6" author="Margaritora F. G. &amp; Vagaggini D." page="61" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFB168D98FE73F8F6" author="Margaritora F. G. &amp; Vagaggini D." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="59 - 63" refId="ref19964" refString="Margaritora F. G. &amp; Vagaggini D. 2002. Two Chydoridae species (Crustacea, Cladocera) new to Italy: Alona rustica and Camptocercus uncinatus. Italian Journal of Zoology 69: 59 - 63. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250000209356439" type="journal article" year="2002">Margaritora &amp; Vagaggini 2002: 61–59</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 1–10. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFD548C7BFCC5F8F5" author="Sinev A. Y." box="[652,865,1819,1846]" page="146" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFD548C7BFCC5F8F5" author="Sinev A. Y." box="[652,865,1819,1846]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="131 - 148" refId="ref20565" refString="Sinev A. Y. 1999 a. Alona costata Sars, 1862 versus related palaeotropical species: the first example of close relations between species with a different number of main head pores among Chydoridae (Crustacea: Anomopoda). Arthropoda Selecta 8: 131 - 148." type="journal article" year="1999">Sinev 1999a: 146</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 10. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFC2D8C7BFB1FF8F6" author="Sinev A. Y." box="[1013,1211,1819,1846]" page="118" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFC2D8C7BFB1FF8F6" author="Sinev A. Y." box="[1013,1211,1819,1846]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="113 - 119" refId="ref20661" refString="Sinev A. Y. 2001. Redescription of Alona iheringi Sars, 1901 (Chydoridae, Anomopoda, Branchiopoda), a South American species related to A. rustica Scott, 1895. Hydrobiologia 464: 113 - 119. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1013935100483" type="journal article" year="2001">Sinev 2001: 118</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 26–34. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFF658C5FFE24F899" author="Sinev A. Y." box="[189,384,1855,1881]" page="396" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFF658C5FFE24F899" author="Sinev A. Y." box="[189,384,1855,1881]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="926 - 939" refId="ref20717" refString="Sinev A. Y. 2002. A key to identifying cladocerans of the genus Alona (Anomopoda, Chydoridae) from the Russian European part and Siberia. Zoologychesky zhurnal 81: 926 - 939." type="journal article" year="2002">Sinev 2002: 396</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 3д,о, 4д, 5и. — 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFDA68C5FFC22F899" author="Hudec I." box="[638,902,1855,1881]" page="322" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFDA68C5FFC22F899" author="Hudec I." box="[638,902,1855,1881]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref19279" refString="Hudec I. 2010. Fauna Slovenska III. Anomopoda, Ctenopoda, Haplopoda, Onychopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Veda, Bratislava." type="book" year="2010">Hudeč 2010: 322–324</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 78.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE6FFABFF658C02FCD6F8BC" blockId="18.[189,1399,1679,1917]" box="[189,882,1890,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB028D7DFFE6FFABFF658C02FCD6F8BC" box="[189,882,1890,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE6FFABFF658C02FEC8F8BC" ID-CoL="C4KK" authorityName="Maemets" authorityYear="1958" box="[189,364,1890,1916]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estonica">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE6FFABFF658C02FEC8F8BC" box="[189,364,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Alona estonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB38C42FFE6FFABFE518C02FD37F8BD" author="Maemets A." box="[393,659,1890,1917]" page="35" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE6FFABFE518C02FD37F8BD" author="Maemets A." box="[393,659,1890,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="35 - 45" refId="ref19858" refString="Maemets A. 1960. Taiendavaid andmeid vesikirbuliste (Cladocera) liigi Alona estonica kohta. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised (Bioloogia) 1: 35 - 45." type="journal article" year="1960">Maëmets 1960: 35–40</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1, photos 1–2.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6DFADBFFE7FFAAFF638C20FC69F828" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" targetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE7FFAAFF638C20FC69F828" blockId="19.[187,1399,1856,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFF638C20FEAEF89B" bold="true" box="[187,266,1856,1883]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE7FFAAFEC98C21FD21F89B" authority="(Scott, 1895)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Scott" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[273,645,1856,1883]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFEC98C21FE47F89B" box="[273,483,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Flavalona rustica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE7FFAAFE2C8C21FDD9F89B" author="Scott T." box="[500,637,1856,1883]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="189 - 191" refId="ref20442" refString="Scott T. 1895. The inland waters of the Shetland Islands. Notes on the species represented by the drawings on Plate V. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 13: 189 - 191." type="journal article" year="1895">Scott, 1895</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE7FFAAFD558C21FCB4F89B" box="[653,784,1857,1883]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFE278C04FD92F8BE" bold="true" box="[511,566,1892,1918]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A–B</emphasis>
. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFC6A8C04FC4FF8BE" bold="true" box="[946,1003,1892,1918]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C–N</emphasis>
. Parthenogenetic ♀. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFB388C04FB51F8BE" bold="true" box="[1248,1269,1892,1918]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C</emphasis>
. Specimen with oblique valves. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFE608CE7FE69F861" bold="true" box="[440,461,1927,1953]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">D</emphasis>
. Specimen with tuberculated valves. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFC4A8CE7FC02F861" bold="true" box="[914,934,1927,1953]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E</emphasis>
. Ventral margin of valves. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFB298CE7FAA7F861" bold="true" box="[1265,1283,1927,1953]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">F</emphasis>
. Anterior setae of valves. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFEA48CCAFE37F804" bold="true" box="[380,403,1962,1988]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G</emphasis>
. Posterior setae of valves. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFD0E8CCAFD49F804" bold="true" box="[726,749,1962,1988]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H</emphasis>
. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFF638CAEFF62F828" bold="true" box="[187,198,1998,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">I</emphasis>
. Head shield. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFEB78CAEFE07F828" bold="true" box="[367,419,1998,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">J–K</emphasis>
. Head pores. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFD9E8CAEFD20F828" bold="true" box="[582,644,1998,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">L–M</emphasis>
. Postabdomen. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE7FFAAFCE78CAEFCF0F828" bold="true" box="[831,852,1998,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">N</emphasis>
. Antenna.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6DFADBFFE0FFADFF658C7EFB2CF829" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" targetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE0FFADFF658C7EFB2CF829" blockId="20.[189,1399,1822,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFF658C7EFEABF8F9" bold="true" box="[189,271,1822,1849]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE0FFADFEC38C7FFD3DF8F9" authority="(Scott, 1895)" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Scott" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[283,665,1822,1849]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFEC38C7FFE54F8F8" box="[283,496,1823,1849]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Flavalona rustica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE0FFADFDDC8C7FFD35F8F9" author="Scott T." box="[516,657,1822,1849]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="189 - 191" refId="ref20442" refString="Scott T. 1895. The inland waters of the Shetland Islands. Notes on the species represented by the drawings on Plate V. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 13: 189 - 191." type="journal article" year="1895">Scott, 1895</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE0FFADFD7D8C7FFC88F8F9" box="[677,812,1823,1849]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFCEF8C7EFCD4F8F8" bold="true" box="[823,880,1822,1848]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A–N</emphasis>
. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFF658C05FF50F8BF" bold="true" box="[189,244,1893,1919]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A–B</emphasis>
. Labrum. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFEB28C05FEDBF8BF" bold="true" box="[362,383,1893,1919]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
.Antennule. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFDC98C05FD82F8BF" bold="true" box="[529,550,1893,1919]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">D</emphasis>
. Limb I. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFD568C05FD06F8BF" bold="true" box="[654,674,1893,1919]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">E</emphasis>
. IDL and ODL of limb I. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFC1F8C05FC7DF8BF" bold="true" box="[967,985,1893,1919]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">F</emphasis>
. Scrapers of limb II. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFB118C05FB44F8BF" bold="true" box="[1225,1248,1893,1919]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">G</emphasis>
. Gnathobase of limb II. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFE9E8CE8FEF9F862" bold="true" box="[326,349,1928,1954]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H</emphasis>
. Exopodite of limb III. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFD5C8CE8FD2BF862" bold="true" box="[644,655,1928,1954]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">I</emphasis>
. Inner portion of limb III. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFC048CE8FC4FF862" bold="true" box="[988,1003,1928,1954]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">J</emphasis>
. Exopodite of limb IV. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFAC88CE8FA83F862" bold="true" box="[1296,1319,1928,1954]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">K</emphasis>
. Inner portion of limb IV. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFE7A8CCCFE12F806" bold="true" box="[418,438,1964,1990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">L</emphasis>
. Limb V. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFDF58CCCFDEDF806" bold="true" box="[557,585,1964,1990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M</emphasis>
. Gnathobase of limb V. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFCB08CCCFCD9F806" bold="true" box="[872,893,1964,1990]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">N</emphasis>
. Limb VI. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFBDA8CCBFB9DF805" bold="true" box="[1026,1081,1963,1989]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O–P</emphasis>
. Adult ♁. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFB6F8CCBFB6AF805" bold="true" box="[1207,1230,1963,1989]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE0FFADFF658CAFFF6BF829" bold="true" box="[189,207,1999,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P</emphasis>
. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from 
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE0FFADFD798CAFFCEFF829" author="Alonso M." box="[673,843,1998,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref18534" refString="Alonso M. 1996. Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Fauna Iberica 7. Museo National de Ciencias Natural. Consejo Superior de Investigationes Cientificas, Madrid." type="book" year="1996">Alonso (1996)</bibRefCitation>
and P from 
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE0FFADFC038CAFFB20F829" author="Sinev A. Y." box="[987,1156,1999,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="131 - 148" refId="ref20565" refString="Sinev A. Y. 1999 a. Alona costata Sars, 1862 versus related palaeotropical species: the first example of close relations between species with a different number of main head pores among Chydoridae (Crustacea: Anomopoda). Arthropoda Selecta 8: 131 - 148." type="journal article" year="1999">Sinev (1999a)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C308F9D8FFE1FFACFF658A6BFB3EFD12" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658A6BFE6DFEE5" blockId="21.[189,457,267,293]" box="[189,457,267,293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0E51D3FFFE1FFACFF658A6BFE6DFEE5" bold="true" box="[189,457,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF658A6BFE6DFEE5" bold="true" box="[189,457,267,293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658A59FC09FD51" blockId="21.[189,1399,313,657]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFF658A59FE4FFE93" authority="rustica" authorityName="rustica" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="rustica (Scott" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[189,491,313,339]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rustica" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="rustica">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF658A59FE4FFE93" box="[189,491,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Flavalona rustica rustica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFE2D8A59FDDDFE94" box="[501,633,313,340]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFCC28A5AFC17FE93" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" box="[794,947,313,339]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iheringula" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFCC28A5AFC17FE93" box="[794,947,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. iheringula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFC658A59FBE5FE94" box="[957,1089,313,340]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by its middle major head pore located halfway between the posterior and anterior pores and by the oval, an unbilobed exopodite of limb V, from 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFEA48AE1FD9EFE5A" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Van Damme &amp; Eggermont" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[380,570,384,410]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sphagnophila" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFEA48AE1FD9EFE5A" box="[380,570,384,410]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. sphagnophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFD998AE0FD60FE5A" box="[577,708,384,410]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by its transverse, not dot-like lateral head pores and by an oval, not bilobed exopodite of limb V, from 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFD128AC4FC98FE7D" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Frey" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[714,828,419,445]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFD128AC4FC98FE7D" box="[714,828,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFC9C8AC3FC63FE7E" box="[836,967,419,446]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a smaller size, short rostrum and labral keel without denticles, from 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFD8D8AA7FD1BFE20" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Sinev" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[597,703,454,480]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hudeci" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFD8D8AA7FD1BFE20" box="[597,703,454,480]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. hudeci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFD1F8AA6FCECFE21" box="[711,840,454,481]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a smaller size, presence of numerous setules on posteroventral corner of valves, and by seta 6 of exopodite III almost as long as seta 3. Male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFF65896DFE8DFDE6" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Scott" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[189,297,525,550]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF65896DFE8DFDE6" box="[189,297,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. rustica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFEE8896DFE14FDE7" box="[304,432,525,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFD9F896DFD79FDE7" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" box="[583,733,525,551]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iheringula" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFD9F896DFD79FDE7" box="[583,733,525,551]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. iheringula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFD3B896DFCC7FDE7" box="[739,867,525,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFC41896DFBAEFDE7" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Frey" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[921,1034,525,551]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFC41896DFBAEFDE7" box="[921,1034,525,551]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFBC8896DFB34FDE7" box="[1040,1168,525,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by marginal setules of postabdomen in distal groups of moderate length, little more than width of postabdominal claw base (in 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFF3C8934FEDEFDAD" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" box="[228,378,595,621]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iheringula" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF3C8934FEDEFDAD" box="[228,378,595,621]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. iheringula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFE588933FDA5FDAE" box="[384,513,595,622]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
they are short, less than width of postabdominal claw base, and in 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFADE8934FAD3FDAD" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Frey" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1286,1399,595,621]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFADE8934FAD3FDAD" box="[1286,1399,595,621]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFF658916FE9BFD51" box="[189,319,630,657]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
they are long, about two postabdominal claw bases).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF6589D8FB3EFD12" blockId="21.[189,1178,696,722]" box="[189,1178,696,722]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
We provide a full description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFDE189D9FD03FD12" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Scott" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[569,679,697,722]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFDE189D9FD03FD12" box="[569,679,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. rustica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFE1FFACFD7789D8FC95FD12" box="[687,817,696,722]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
as typical of the 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFC2289D9FBF1FD12" box="[1018,1109,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">rustica-</emphasis>
clade.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F9D8FFE1FFACFF658999FE8FFB4B" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658999FEC8FCD3" blockId="21.[189,364,761,787]" box="[189,364,761,787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0E51D3FFFE1FFACFF658999FEC8FCD3" bold="true" box="[189,364,761,787]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF658999FEC8FCD3" bold="true" box="[189,364,761,787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<typeStatus id="54A914F1FFE1FFACFF658999FF5EFCD3" box="[189,250,761,787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658848FEF8FC82" blockId="21.[189,348,808,834]" box="[189,348,808,834]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Non-existent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658809FE6FFC43" blockId="21.[189,459,873,899]" box="[189,459,873,899]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0E51D3FFFE1FFACFF658809FE6FFC43" bold="true" box="[189,459,873,899]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF658809FE6FFC43" bold="true" box="[189,459,873,899]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material studied here</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF6588F8FAB4FBDC" blockId="21.[189,1399,918,1052]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Four parthenogenetic 
<specimenCount id="9D1461DAFFE1FFACFE1488F8FE5CFC72" box="[460,504,920,946]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
from Lake Motjønn, west coast of Nisser Lake, 
<collectingCountry id="F305EAC3FFE1FFACFBB388F8FB68FC72" box="[1131,1228,920,946]" name="Norway" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Norway</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE26CC94FFE1FFACFB0588F7FAD6FC72" box="[1245,1394,918,946]" degrees="59" direction="north" minutes="08.62" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="9" value="59.143665">59º08.62′ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE26CC94FFE1FFACFF6588DBFE91FC15" box="[189,309,953,981]" degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="27.32" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="9" value="8.455334">8º27.32′ E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFAC8C93FFE1FFACFE9988DBFE6EFC16" box="[321,458,955,982]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2015-10-04">4 Oct. 2015</date>
, coll.A.Y. Sinev &amp; B. Walseng; 47 parthenogenetic 
<specimenCount id="9D1461DAFFE1FFACFBF888DBFBE8FC15" box="[1056,1100,955,981]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), 
<collectingCountry id="F305EAC3FFE1FFACFD0388BEFC88FC38" box="[731,812,990,1016]" name="Russia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Russia</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFAC8C93FFE1FFACFCEF88BEFC6EFC38" box="[823,970,990,1016]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1997-07-24">24 Jul. 1997</date>
, coll. A. Evseev; 12 parthenogenetic 
<specimenCount id="9D1461DAFFE1FFACFF658F62FF4DFBDC" box="[189,233,1026,1052]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
from 
<collectingRegion id="49D664B1FFE1FFACFEE98F61FE23FBDB" box="[305,391,1025,1051]" country="Russia" name="Kareliya" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Karelia</collectingRegion>
Republic, 
<collectingCountry id="F305EAC3FFE1FFACFDDF8F61FDFCFBDB" box="[519,600,1025,1051]" name="Russia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Russia</collectingCountry>
, exact location unknown, from collection of N.N. Smirnov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658F23FEF9FB9C" blockId="21.[189,349,1090,1117]" box="[189,349,1090,1117]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0E51D3FFFE1FFACFF658F23FEF9FB9C" bold="true" box="[189,349,1090,1117]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF658F23FEF9FB9C" bold="true" box="[189,349,1090,1117]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<typeStatus id="54A914F1FFE1FFACFF658F23FF5EFB9D" box="[189,250,1091,1117]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658F11FE8FFB4B" blockId="21.[189,299,1137,1163]" box="[189,299,1137,1163]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<collectingCountry id="F305EAC3FFE1FFACFF658F11FE8CFB4B" box="[189,296,1137,1163]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Scotland</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F9D8FFE1FFA1FF658FD2FBDAFDD7" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658FD2FEEAFB0C" blockId="21.[189,334,1202,1228]" box="[189,334,1202,1228]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0E51D3FFFE1FFACFF658FD2FEEAFB0C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1202,1228]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF658FD2FEEAFB0C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1202,1228]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF328F81FDB4FB3B" blockId="21.[189,1399,1249,1593]" box="[234,528,1249,1275]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF328F81FDB4FB3B" bold="true" box="[234,528,1249,1275]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Parthenogenetic female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658E64FB1AF9F8" blockId="21.[189,1399,1249,1593]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Length of adult 
<quantity id="4CEA07B6FFE1FFACFEAA8E64FDB9FADF" box="[370,541,1284,1311]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="0.435" valueMax="0.52" valueMin="0.35">0.35–0.52 mm</quantity>
. In lateral view body (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFCCF8E64FCFEFADF" box="[791,858,1284,1311]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A–D) regular oval or slightly ovoid, maximum height at mid-body or somewhat behind it, height-length ratio ca 0.6–0.65. Dorsal margin uniformly curved. Postero-dorsal and postero-ventral angles broadly rounded. Posterior margin uniformly curved. Ventral margin (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFEA38E0EFE77FA48" box="[379,467,1390,1416]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
) almost straight, with about 50–60 setae, about 12 first setae long, next 15 setae short, other setae of moderate length. Setae of anterior group (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFC7E8EF1FC5AFA6B" box="[934,1022,1425,1451]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
) longer than of posterior group (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFF1E8ED4FE80FA0F" box="[198,292,1460,1487]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
), posteriormost seta of group the longest. Groups of small setules located between bases of all ventral setae. Posteroventral angle (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFD828EB8FD10FA32" box="[602,692,1496,1522]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
) with ca 50 long setules protruding beyond margin of valves. A row of about 150 setules along posterior margin on inner side of carapace. Sculpture of carapace either thin, weakly developed longitudinal lines without striae, or rows of tubercles (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFB8A8D7EFB15F9F8" box="[1106,1201,1566,1592]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658D3FFB44F95D" blockId="21.[189,1399,1631,1693]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Head relatively small, triangular-round in lateral view, rostrum short, pointing downward. Eye larger than ocellus. Distance from tip of rostrum to ocellus greater than between ocellus and eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE1FFACFF658DA4FB1AF871" blockId="21.[189,1399,1732,1970]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Head shield (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFE868DA4FE15F91E" box="[350,433,1732,1758]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4I</figureCitation>
) with maximum width behind mandibular articulation, without any sculpture in specimens with linear sculpture of valves, or covered by tubercles. Rostrum more elongated than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE1FFACFF658C6BFEB6F8E4" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" box="[189,274,1803,1828]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costata">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE1FFACFF658C6BFEB6F8E4" box="[189,274,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">costata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-clade, broadly rounded. Posterior margin of head shield broadly rounded, wavy in tuberculated specimens. Three major head pores (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE1FFACFDBD8C4EFD0CF888" box="[613,680,1838,1864]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
J–K) with thin connection between them, middle pore slightly smaller than others, located at the middle PP about 1–1.5 IP. Transverse lateral head pores of about 0.3–0.4 IP length, located about 0.5 IP distance from midline, at a level between anterior and middle main head pores. Lateral pore pockets semicircular, with depth ca 0.5–0.9 pore lengths.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF658A6BFB5EFEAC" blockId="22.[189,1399,267,364]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Labrum of moderate size (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE2FFAFFE238A6BFDE6FEE6" box="[507,578,267,294]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A–B). Distal labral plate without setulation. Labral keel of moderate width, with a blunt or rounded apex. Anterior margin of keel convex, posterior margin with two clusters of setules. Clusters of lateral setules observed in anterior half of the keel in some specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF658AF3FC4AFE10" blockId="22.[189,1399,403,465]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thorax and abdomen subequal in length, dorsal surface of abdominal segments not saddle-shaped. Second abdominal segment with two transverse rows of short setules.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF658A98FC4EFC55" blockId="22.[189,1399,504,917]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Postabdomen (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE2FFAFFEB78A98FE13FDD2" box="[367,439,504,530]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
L–M) wide, narrowing distally, with a prominent broadly rounded distal angle, length ca 2.0–2.3 height. Ventral margin straight. Inflated basis of claws bordered from distal margin by clear incision. Distal margin strongly convex. Dorsal margin with distal part about 2.5 times longer than preanal part, with postanal portion about 1.3–1.5 times longer than anal one. Postanal and anal portions of distal margin weakly concave. Preanal angle well-defined, postanal angle weakly defined. Preanal margin almost straight. Postanal portion of postabdomen with 7–8 well developed composite marginal denticles, each with several spinules on anterior margin, anal portion with 2–3 marginal denticles, similar to postanal ones, and with 2–3 groups of thick setules. Length of denticles decrease basally, length of longest denticles about 1.5 widths of postabdominal claw base. Ten–twelve lateral fascicles of thin setules; in postanal fascicles middle seta being longest, 1.5 times shorter than marginal denticles. Postabdominal claw of moderate length, somewhat longer than preanal portion of postabdomen. Basal spines short, their length less than width of postabdominal claw base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF6588DCFDD2FB80" blockId="22.[189,1398,956,1088]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Antennule (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE2FFAFFE9188DCFE00FC17" box="[329,420,956,983]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) of moderate length, not reaching the tip of rostrum, with four transverse rows of short thick setules at anterior face. Antennular sensory seta slender, 2 times shorter than antennule, arising at ⅔ distance from the base. Nine aesthetascs, two of which longer than others, of about 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE2FFAFFAC88F62FA82FBDC" bold="true" box="[1296,1318,1026,1052]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3/4</emphasis>
length of antennule, others of similar length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF658F08FD4DFAF2" blockId="22.[189,1399,1127,1330]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE2FFAFFEED8F07FE31FB42" box="[309,405,1127,1154]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 4N</figureCitation>
) of moderate length. Antennal formula, setae 0–0–3/1–1–3, spines 1–0–1/0–0–1. Basal segment robust, branches elongated, slender, all segments cylindrical, with short setules around distal margin and groups of thick lateral setules. Seta arising from basal segment of endopodite short and thin, not reaching tip of distal segment. Seta arising from middle segment of endopodite of similar size with apical setae. Spine on basal segment of exopodite shorter then middle segment. Apical spines slightly longer than respective apical segments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF658E39FE7BFAB3" blockId="22.[189,479,1369,1395]" box="[189,479,1369,1395]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thoracic limbs six pairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF658EFBFEE4F932" blockId="22.[189,1399,1434,1778]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
LiMB i (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE2FFAFFEC28EFAFEFAFA75" box="[282,350,1434,1461]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
D–E). Epipodite oval, with finger-like process as long as epipodite itself. Accessory seta about half the length of ODL. IDL with three setae and clusters of setules on ventral surface, IDL seta 1 small, thin, setae 2 and 3 subequal in length to ODL seta, both with thin setules in distal part. Endite 3 with inner seta (1) shorter than outer (a–c). Endite 2 with three outer setae (d–f) and short inner seta (2) and sensillum near its base, setae e–f short, about half length of limb, seta f slightly longer than seta e. Endite 1 with inner seta (3) longer than inner seta of endite 2 and sensillum near its base, two 2-segmented setae (g–h), both setulated in distal part, and a flat seta (i) of characteristic shape, with shortened distal portion, armed with long setules. Seven rows of thin long setules on ventral face of limb. Two ejector hooks, one of them 1.5 times longer than the other. Maxillar process elongated, with single seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE2FFAFFF658C79FA82F87F" blockId="22.[189,1399,1816,1984]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
LiMB ii (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE2FFAFFEFD8C78FEC8F8F3" box="[293,364,1816,1843]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
F–G). Exopodite oval, with seta almost as as long as exopodite. Eight scraping spines, scrapers 1–5 long, scrapers 6–8 much shorter, armed with small setules. Scrapers 3 and 6 of similar length as its neighbours, but thicker and armed with thicker setules. Distal armature of gnathobase with four elements. Filter plate with seven setae, posteriormost seta considerably shorter and thicker than other, armed with long setules, next seta of same morphology with others, but two times shorter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF658A6CFCA5FDA3" blockId="23.[189,1399,267,611]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
LiMB iii (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE3FFAEFEF28A6BFECAFEE5" box="[298,366,267,294]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[187,230,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[198,1395,291,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[189,1398,283,1813]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 4. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Juvenile ♀♀ of instars I and II. C–N. Parthenogenetic ♀. C. Specimen with oblique valves. D. Specimen with tuberculated valves. E. Ventral margin of valves. F. Anterior setae of valves. G. Posterior setae of valves. H. Posteroventral corner and posterior margin of valves. I. Head shield. J–K. Head pores. L–M. Postabdomen. N. Antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840305/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
H–I). Epipodite oval, without process. Exopodite (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE3FFAEFC638A6BFBAFFEE5" box="[955,1035,267,293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[188,233,1823,1849]" captionTargetBox="[211,1398,1103,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1398,1096,1781]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig.3. A. Flavalona cheni (Sinev, 1999) comb. nov., head pores of parthenogenetic ♀. B–C. Flavalona natalensis (Sinev, 2008) comb. nov., parthenogenetic ♀. B. Lateral view. C. Head pores. D. Flavalona setigera (Brehm, 1931) comb. nov., head pores of parthenogenetic ♀. E–F. Flavalona weltneri (Keilhack, 1905) comb. nov., parthenogenetic ♀. E. Head pores. F. Postabdomen. Figures A and D from Sinev (1999a), B–C from Sinev (2008), E redrawn from Flössner (2000) and F redrawn from Van Damme et al. (2010)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840303/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3I</figureCitation>
) trapezium-shaped, with seven setae. Seta 3 being longest, setae 6 almost as long as seta 3, seta 7 ca 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE3FFAEFC338A4EFBA6FE88" bold="true" box="[1003,1026,302,328]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3/4</emphasis>
the length of seta 3, other setae short. Setae 6 and 7 unilaterally armed with short setules in distal portion, all other setae flat, plumose, setules on seta 3 considerably longer than on short setae. Distal endite with three setae, two distalmost members (1–2) slender, sharp, of similar length, with distal parts unilaterally armed thick sharp denticles; basalmost seta (3) thicker, bilaterally armed with long setules. Basal endite and gnathobase as with four plumose outer setae (a–d), increasing in size in basal direction. Four inner setae (4–7) increasing in size basally, a small sensillum near the base of distalmost seta (4). Distal armature of gnathobase with four elements. The first one elongated, cylindrical sensillum, second thin, bent seta, others two - blunt spines with fused bases. Filter plate III with seven setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF6589EAFDFDFC21" blockId="23.[189,1399,649,993]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
LiMB iV (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE3FFAEFEF689E9FED7FD64" box="[302,371,649,676]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
J–K). Pre-epipodite setulated; epipodite without process. Exopodite quadrangular, with six setae. Seta 3 being longest, seta 1–2 slightly about 
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE3FFAEFC8F89CCFCC9FD06" bold="true" box="[855,877,684,710]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3/4</emphasis>
length of seta 3, setae 4 ca ⅓ the length of seta 3, setae 5–6 cahalf length of seta 3. Setae 1–4 flat, plumose, setae 5–6 slender, unilaterally armed with short setules in distal portion. Inner-distal portion of limb IV with four setae and small rounded sensillum. Seta 1 slender, sharp, armed with long spinules. Distal flaming-torch seta (2) of typical for 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFE3FFAEFF658859FE8DFC93" authorityName="Dybowski &amp; Grochowski, 1894 emend. Frey" authorityYear="1967" box="[189,297,825,851]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aloninae">Aloninae</taxonomicName>
shape, broad, with curved distal portion, armed with about 6 long thick setules. Two other flaming-torch setae (3–4) thin and straight, with straight distal portion, armed with very thin, hairlike setules, a small sensillum located near their bases. Three inner setae (a–c) long, increasing in size basally. Gnathobase with a short 2-segmented seta, only little longer than seta 1, and hillock with sensilla distally. Filter plate with five setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF658F68FB05FB4C" blockId="23.[189,1398,1032,1164]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
LiMB V (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE3FFAEFEF88F68FEC5FBE3" box="[288,353,1032,1059]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
L–M). Pre-epipodite setulated, epipodite without process. Exopodite oval, with 4 plumose setae. Seta 1 being longest, setae 2–3 slightly shorter than seta 1, seta 4 two times shorter than seta 1. Inner limb portion an elongated oval lobe, with setulated inner margin. At inner face, two setae, one three times longer than other, and a triangular sensillum. Filter plate with three setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF658FD3FEDBFB30" blockId="23.[189,1398,1203,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
LiMB Vi (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE3FFAEFEF68FD3FE2DFB0E" box="[302,393,1203,1230]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5N</figureCitation>
) an oval lobe, its length about 1.3 times its maximum width, densely setulated along all of its margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF658E77FA91FAF2" blockId="23.[189,1333,1303,1330]" box="[189,1333,1303,1330]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Description of ephippial females and males taken from the literature (
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE3FFAEFC358E77FB2DFAF1" author="Alonso M." box="[1005,1161,1303,1329]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref18534" refString="Alonso M. 1996. Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Fauna Iberica 7. Museo National de Ciencias Natural. Consejo Superior de Investigationes Cientificas, Madrid." type="book" year="1996">Alonso 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFE3FFAEFB4D8E77FA8DFAF2" author="Hudec I." box="[1173,1321,1303,1330]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref19279" refString="Hudec I. 2010. Fauna Slovenska III. Anomopoda, Ctenopoda, Haplopoda, Onychopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Veda, Bratislava." type="book" year="2010">Hudeč 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF328E39FE65FAB3" blockId="23.[189,1399,1369,1465]" box="[234,449,1369,1395]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE3FFAEFF328E39FE65FAB3" bold="true" box="[234,449,1369,1395]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ephippial female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF658E1CFBD5FA79" blockId="23.[189,1399,1369,1465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Outline similar to that of parthenogenetic female, dorsal margin more highly arched in most specimens. Ephippium in preserved specimens yellow-brown. Ephippium without sculpture.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF328E81FED1FA3B" blockId="23.[189,1398,1505,1602]" box="[234,373,1505,1531]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFE3FFAEFF328E81FED1FA3B" bold="true" box="[234,373,1505,1531]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Adult male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF658D64FAFFF981" blockId="23.[189,1398,1505,1602]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Length up to 
<quantity id="4CEA07B6FFE3FFAEFE8E8D64FE64F9DF" box="[342,448,1540,1567]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="0.39">0.39 mm</quantity>
. Body low oval (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE3FFAEFD5A8D64FD7AF9DF" box="[642,734,1540,1567]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5O</figureCitation>
), dorsal margin weakly convex. Maximum height at midbody, height/length ratio about 0.55. Ocellus larger than in female. Rostrum short, slightly truncated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFE3FFAEFF658D09FDA5F8B9" blockId="23.[189,1399,1640,1913]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Postabdomen (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFE3FFAEFEB48D09FE67F943" box="[364,451,1640,1667]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[205,1379,283,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[187,1400,274,1778]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 5. Flavalona rustica (Scott, 1895) comb. nov. A–N. Labrum, antennule and thoraciс limbs of parthenogenetic ♀ from Bol’shoe Torfyanoe lake, Bolshoi Solovetskiy Island (White Sea), Russia. A–B. Labrum. C.Antennule. D. Limb I. E. IDL and ODL of limb I. F. Scrapers of limb II. G. Gnathobase of limb II. H. Exopodite of limb III. I. Inner portion of limb III. J. Exopodite of limb IV. K. Inner portion of limb IV. L. Limb V. M. Gnathobase of limb V. N. Limb VI. O–P. Adult ♁. O. Lateral view. P. Postabdomen. Figure O redrawn from Alonso (1996) and P from Sinev (1999a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840307/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5P</figureCitation>
) moderately long, narrowing distally in postanal part. Ventral margin straight or wavy. Basis of claws bordered from distal margin by clear incision. Genital process long, about ⅔–¾ length of postabdominal claw. Distal margin concave, distal angle brioadly rounded, weakly prominent. Dorsal margin weakly concave in anal and in postanal portions. Preanal angle not defined, postanal angle weakly defined. Clusters of setules in place of marginal denticles, distalmost clusters consisting of numerous long setules, their length exceed width of postabdominal claw. Lateral fascicles of setules as in female. Postabdominal claw 2 times shorter than preanal portion of postabdomen, weakly curved. Basal spine short and thick.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFECFFA1FF658A6BFEF3FEAC" blockId="24.[189,1398,267,364]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Antennule shorter and broader than in female, with 12 terminal aesthetascs, longest almost as long as antennule, shortest about ½ length of antennule. Male seta arising at ¼ length from tip, about ⅓ length of antennule.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFECFFA1FF658AF3FBDAFDD7" blockId="24.[189,1399,403,535]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Thoracic limb I (
<figureCitation id="1329B6D6FFECFFA1FE558AF3FE72FE6D" box="[397,470,403,429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[188,233,1823,1849]" captionTargetBox="[211,1398,1103,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1398,1096,1781]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig.3. A. Flavalona cheni (Sinev, 1999) comb. nov., head pores of parthenogenetic ♀. B–C. Flavalona natalensis (Sinev, 2008) comb. nov., parthenogenetic ♀. B. Lateral view. C. Head pores. D. Flavalona setigera (Brehm, 1931) comb. nov., head pores of parthenogenetic ♀. E–F. Flavalona weltneri (Keilhack, 1905) comb. nov., parthenogenetic ♀. E. Head pores. F. Postabdomen. Figures A and D from Sinev (1999a), B–C from Sinev (2008), E redrawn from Flössner (2000) and F redrawn from Van Damme et al. (2010)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3840303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3840303/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) with U-shaped copulatory hook, half as long as limb itself. IDL with three setae, IDL seta 1 absent. IDL setae 2 and 3 much thinner and two times shorter than in female, of similar length. Male seta curved, slightly shorter than seta 2. Copulatory brush seta about half length of IDL seta 2. Ventral surface of limb under copulatory brush with row of 20 stiff setules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F9D8FFECFFA1FF65895EFD80FD30" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFECFFA1FF65895EFEF2FD98" blockId="24.[189,342,574,600]" box="[189,342,574,600]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0E51D3FFFECFFA1FF65895EFEF2FD98" bold="true" box="[189,342,574,600]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFECFFA1FF65895EFEF2FD98" bold="true" box="[189,342,574,600]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADAA53FFECFFA1FF65890DFD80FD30" blockId="24.[189,1399,621,752]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Azores (
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFECFFA1FEC6890DFD26FD47" author="Van de Velde I. &amp; Dumont H. J." box="[286,642,621,647]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="355 - 365" refId="ref22169" refString="Van de Velde I. &amp; Dumont H. J. 1978. Liste des especes de Cladoceres connues aux iles des Acores. Bulletin du Museum national d' Histoire naturelle de Paris 3 e serie, 515, Zoologie 354: 355 - 365." type="journal article" year="1978">Van de Velde &amp; Dumont 1978</bibRefCitation>
), Europe and Siberia (
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFECFFA1FC5C890DFB95FD47" author="Smirnov N. N." box="[900,1073,621,647]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="2" refId="ref21309" refString="Smirnov N. N. 1971. Chydoridae fauny mira. Fauna USSR. Rakoobraznie, 1 (2). Leningrad. (English translation: Chydoridae of the world. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1974)." type="journal article" year="1971">Smirnov 1971</bibRefCitation>
). Bryophilic, typical of acid bogs with 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFECFFA1FEEE89F0FE16FD6A" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[310,434,656,682]" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFECFFA1FEEE89F0FE16FD6A" box="[310,434,656,682]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphagnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 1853, not found in neutral and alkaline waters. In Central and Southern Europe confined to mountainous regions. The only 
<taxonomicName id="4C12D1D0FFECFFA1FD1989D3FC9EFD0D" authority="Sinev &amp; Dumont, 2016" authorityName="Sinev &amp; Dumont" authorityYear="2016" box="[705,826,691,717]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Chydoridae" genus="Flavalona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomopoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9667641FFECFFA1FD1989D3FC9EFD0D" box="[705,826,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Flavalona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255CB3AFFECFFA1FC9A89D4FC0AFD0E" box="[834,942,692,718]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
species found in subterraneous waters (
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFECFFA1FF1D89B6FEC8FD30" author="Dumont H. J." box="[197,364,726,752]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="97 - 106" refId="ref18815" refString="Dumont H. J. 1983. Discovery of groundwater inhabiting Chydoridae (Crustacea: Cladocera), with the description of two new species. Hydrobiologia 106: 97 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00006741" type="journal article" year="1983">Dumont 1983</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF83D7A2FFECFFA1FEA089B6FDB3FD30" author="Sabater F." box="[376,535,726,752]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="701 - 702" refId="ref20184" refString="Sabater F. 1987. On the interstitial Cladocera of the River Ter (Catalonia, NE Spain), with a description of the male of Alona phreatica. Hydrobiologia 144: 61 - 62. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00008051 Santos-Wisniewsky M. J., Rocha O. &amp; Matsumura-Tundisi, T. 2001. First record of Alona setigera Brehm (Cladocera, Chydoridae) in the Neotropical region. Brazilian Journal of Biology 61: 701 - 702. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 69842001000400022" type="journal article" year="1987">Sabater 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>