245 lines
26 KiB
XML
245 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="F4AFAFFE41C3EE10D670CDA6D70FA56E" ID-CLB-Dataset="39194" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12358" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8febfa05-2035-4a3e-90ce-e7df94b84cf5" ID-Zenodo-Dep="269546" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461413355549" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fernando Carbayo, Marta Álvarez-Presas, Hugh D. Jones & Marta Riutort" docDate="2016" docId="4E2E87C6213EB63AAB9CFE6CCA0E133D" docLanguage="en" docName="Carbayo_et_al-2016-Zoological_Journal_of_the_Linnean_Society.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 177" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Obama nungara" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="B217FFBE212AB62EAB66FFE8CE611648" masterDocTitle="The true identity of Obama (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) flatworm spreading across Europe" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698661986109" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D8EC87CDC06DF17CF311C826C38CFA47" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="44BF38BF1247CAB9D1DE9420ABA03488">The true identity of Obama (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) flatworm spreading across Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DB80FB5EAF81450B24D30F9B754C99C4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="558FE9730D43A6B2DDA5F41813299C85">Fernando Carbayo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AD718F40BBE00B06D3F2FE239D0F5C9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A4F60C53164C248BD9D419BA50055437">Marta Álvarez-Presas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="137A445204026850ACA65B778BFB52C1">Hugh D. Jones</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9B8C6F8629C837FB54A54AEFB85F7635" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B6D604432CCDD1E965C14FBDF1605C06">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9052DA9C39C098ECD60D6B93CC0AEB48">Marta Riutort</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F9310F68F6ED2116F61E53935FBB2F1F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2157593C0A99A097CC43BAE648FFE27F">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0D576F25859653F04F81507422C02DE3">
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<mods:date id="3C515975F21D2FAB389AA2C8E2665B6F">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F8552E89CF13E1A12DCB5B0917802903" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="27E51EBB21500E4F6551649C1D13B53D">177</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="62CB6AC66D559843CD9722FAC681900C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4E3A4D6DE51018F7B5B573725047E11B" type="DOI">10.1111/zoj.12358</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4E2E87C6213EB63AAB9CFE6CCA0E133D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5621680" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119577020" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5621680" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E2E87C6213EB63AAB9CFE6CCA0E133D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4E2E87C6213EB63AAB9CFE6CCA0E133D" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="8E9D655B213EB63AAB9CFE6CCCED17D1" box="[250,652,388,409]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AAB9CFE6CCCED17D1" blockId="20.[144,759,348,1275]" box="[250,652,388,409]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAB9CFE6CCFDF17D0" ID-CoL="488VG" box="[250,446,388,409]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAB9CFE6CCFDF17D0" bold="true" box="[250,446,388,409]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">OBAMA NUNGARA</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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IS A NEW SPECIES
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8E9D655B213EB63AABF6FE42CFB715C3" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABF6FE42CC6A14DF" blockId="20.[144,759,348,1275]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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The new species shows morphological features of the genus and in our molecular trees it fits within a clade exclusively composed of species of
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA97FFE0FCC0D17B5" box="[537,620,487,509]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA97FFE0FCC0D17B5" bold="true" box="[537,620,487,509]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Obama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA91AFE0FCCAE17B5" box="[636,719,487,509]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA91AFE0FCCAE17B5" bold="true" box="[636,719,487,509]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Obama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 6 in
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<bibRefCitation id="A2164B21213EB63AABA3FDEECFCD1453" author="Carbayo F & Alvarez-Presas M & Olivares CT & Marques FPL & Froehlich EM & Riutort M." box="[197,428,518,540]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" pagination="508 - 528" part="42" refString="Carbayo F, Alvarez-Presas M, Olivares CT, Marques FPL, Froehlich EM, Riutort M. 2013. Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: proposal of taxonomic actions. Zoologica Scripta 42: 508 - 528." title="Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: proposal of taxonomic actions" type="journal article" year="2013">
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Carbayo
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA4BFDEFCF3C1454" bold="true" box="[301,349,518,540]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
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., 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<figureCitation id="5EBC2A55213EB63AAA8BFDEECC4D1454" box="[493,556,518,540]" captionStart="Figure S 1. A" captionStartId="23.[164,250,824,846]" captionText="Figure S 1. A, ML phylogenetic tree inferred from the Cox 1 + Lago data set. The scale bar indicates substitutions per site. B, result of the GMYC analysis. Threshold-delimiting speciation and coalescent processes plotted as an orange line." pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Nevertheless, a diagnostic feature of the genus, multiple sensory pit rows opening at each side of the body, is absent in this species, as in
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA4CFD8ACFAB143F" box="[298,458,610,631]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA4CFD8ACFAB143F" bold="true" box="[298,458,610,631]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In this respect, the genus should be taxonomically revised.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABCEFD77CFB715C3" blockId="20.[144,759,348,1275]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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The new species should be compared with species of
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AABCDFD55CCEA149B" authority="Ogren & Kawakatsu, 1990" authorityName="Ogren & Kawakatsu" authorityYear="1990" box="[171,651,701,724]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AABCDFD55CF3A149B" bold="true" box="[171,347,701,723]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Pseudogeoplana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A2164B21213EB63AAA05FD56CCEA149B" author="Ogren RE & Kawakatsu M." box="[355,651,702,724]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Fuji Women's College" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" pagination="79 - 166" part="28" refString="Ogren RE, Kawakatsu M. 1990. Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae. Bulletin of the Fuji Women's College 28: 79 - 166." title="Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae" type="journal article" year="1990">Ogren & Kawakatsu, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and with other species of
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA32FD34CFCC14BA" bold="true" box="[340,429,732,754]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA32FD34CFCB14BA" box="[340,426,732,754]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Obama</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The former genus includes species of
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA62FD13CFF31559" box="[260,402,763,785]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Geoplaninae</taxonomicName>
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considered
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA97CFD13CC971559" bold="true" box="[538,758,763,785]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">species inquirendae</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AABA4FCF2CF021567" bold="true" box="[194,355,793,815]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">nomina dubia</emphasis>
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because of insufficient morphological information, mainly internal. However, none of the species in
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA6CFCBECFA01524" box="[266,449,854,876]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pseudogeoplana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA6CFCBECFA01524" bold="true" box="[266,449,854,876]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Pseudogeoplana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a body colour pattern resembling the new species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8E9D655B213EB63AABCEFC7CCAB8127C" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABCEFC7CCC5E12B2" blockId="20.[144,759,348,1275]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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Among the 36 species of
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAAD9FC7CCC7015E2" box="[447,529,916,938]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAAD9FC7CCC7015E2" bold="true" box="[447,529,916,938]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Obama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, only
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA931FC7CCC9715E1" box="[599,758,916,937]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA931FC7CCC9715E1" bold="true" box="[599,758,916,937]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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compares well with the new species in having the dorsum patterned with marbled, short longitudinal dark striae. Furthermore, at first sight, the two species are very similar to each other in their general external appearance and in their internal features. To add complexity to the problem,
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAAFFFBA4CC5B1229" box="[409,570,1100,1121]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAAFFFBA4CC5B1229" bold="true" box="[409,570,1100,1121]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA912FBA4CC971229" box="[628,758,1100,1121]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA912FBA4CC971229" bold="true" box="[628,758,1100,1121]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. nungara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="EFC057B9213EB63AABF6FB83CE8712C8" box="[144,230,1131,1152]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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may be syntopic and at the time of sampling we suspected the slight differences in the colour pattern of the dorsum would be due to intraspecific variation. Nevertheless,
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAAFBFB2ECC4A1293" box="[413,555,1222,1243]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAAFBFB2ECC4A1293" bold="true" box="[413,555,1222,1243]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. nungara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA9BDFB2ECF7012B2" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA9BDFB2ECF7012B2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the following respects:
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</paragraph>
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<footnote id="A59C2ADE213EB63AABF6FAFBCC78130F" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABF6FAFBCC78130F" blockId="20.[144,759,1298,1902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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(1) the body is smaller (approximately 72% of the mean size of
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA03FAD9CC6B130E" box="[357,522,1329,1350]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA03FAD9CC6B130E" bold="true" box="[357,522,1329,1350]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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);
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</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<footnote id="A59C2ADE213EB63AABF6FAB8CF3013B6" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABF6FAB8CF3013B6" blockId="20.[144,759,1298,1902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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(2) the ground colour is not ‘light ivory’ (‘light brown with a pinkish tint’ in Froehlich’s specimens) but ‘golden yellow’ to ‘honey yellow’ and the dots are not green brown but black to ‘terra brown’, so giving it a darker general colour than
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA9BDFA22CF2B13B6" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA9BDFA22CF2B13B6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<footnote id="A59C2ADE213EB63AABF6F9EFCC811012" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABF6F9EFCC811012" blockId="20.[144,759,1298,1902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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(3) the eyes spread onto the dorsum in two lateral bands 1/3rd of the body width on each side, whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA34F9ACCF961012" box="[338,503,1604,1626]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
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<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA34F9ACCF961012" bold="true" box="[338,503,1604,1626]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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each band is 1/5th;
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</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<footnote id="A59C2ADE213EB63AABF6F98BCFF710BB" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABF6F98BCFF710BB" blockId="20.[144,759,1298,1902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
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(4) the mouth and gonopore are relatively more anterior (median position 60 and 77%, respectively, from the anterior end) than in
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||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA94CF948CCAD10FE" box="[554,716,1696,1718]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA94CF948CCAD10FE" bold="true" box="[554,716,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(72 and 86%), although there is overlap in the range of measurements;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</footnote>
|
||
<footnote id="A59C2ADE213EB63AABF6F914CF311126" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AABF6F914CF311126" blockId="20.[144,759,1298,1902]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
(5) the length of the copulatory apparatus is 50– 75% of that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA15F8F3CC761178" box="[371,535,1819,1840]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA15F8F3CC761178" bold="true" box="[371,535,1819,1840]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(this is significantly different from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAA82F8D1CCE91107" box="[484,648,1849,1871]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAA82F8D1CCE91107" bold="true" box="[484,648,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AABAFF8B0CEB81125" bold="true" box="[201,217,1880,1901]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">P</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.0000);
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</footnote>
|
||
<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AA840FF2DCBEC177E" blockId="20.[806,1422,197,1076]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
(6) the dorsal insertion of the penis is anterior to the level of the gonopore, not posterior as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAE14FF0BCD83175F" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAE14FF0BCD83175F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus the base of the penis is narrower and more anterior than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAF84FEC9CBE7177E" box="[1250,1414,289,310]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAF84FEC9CBE7177E" bold="true" box="[1250,1414,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AA840FED7CA361463" blockId="20.[806,1422,197,1076]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
(7) the glands producing pinkish (bluish is some stains) granules present in the stroma of the penis run in conspicuous bundles as they approach the subapical height of the penis to discharge their content in distinct patches, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAE14FE52CD8917A6" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAE14FE52CD8917A6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the penis glands run in discrete bundles discharging the secretion evenly through the penis epithelium;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AA840FDDCCB0E14EE" blockId="20.[806,1422,197,1076]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
(8) the muscle fibres in the stroma of the penis are more numerous and most of them are arranged in bundles, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAF1FFD99CB7E14CF" box="[1145,1311,625,647]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAF1FFD99CB7E14CF" bold="true" box="[1145,1311,625,647]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are scarcer and packed in less apparent bundles;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AA840FD47CA171534" blockId="20.[806,1422,197,1076]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
(9) the male atrium possesses a kind of large sheathlike fold on the right side running from the ventral anterior side of the atrium to nearly the dorsal level to the gonopore, thus separating the male from the female atrium, whereas the male atrium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AA819FCAFCA451515" box="[895,1060,839,861]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AA819FCAFCA451515" bold="true" box="[895,1060,839,861]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not folded and not separat- ed from the female one;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AA840FC6DCAB8127C" blockId="20.[806,1422,197,1076]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
(10) the very numerous glands discharging their cyanophilic granules into the male atrium pierce an annular-shaped surface of its lining epithelium, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAF7BFC08CAD915BE" box="[1053,1208,992,1014]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAF7BFC08CAD915BE" bold="true" box="[1053,1208,992,1014]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the surface pierced by this type of gland does not exist dorsally, thus resulting in a U-shaped surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8E9D655B213EB63AA859FBA4CA0E133D" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C63836D0213EB63AA859FBA4CA0E133D" blockId="20.[806,1421,1100,1397]" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Moreover, our molecular species delimitation analysis suggests strongly that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAF59FB82CAB812C8" box="[1087,1241,1130,1152]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAF59FB82CAB812C8" bold="true" box="[1087,1241,1130,1152]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01874D53213EB63AAE76FB82CBED12C8" box="[1296,1420,1130,1152]" class="Turbellaria" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Obama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nungara">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4F3EAC2213EB63AAE76FB82CBED12C8" bold="true" box="[1296,1420,1130,1152]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">O. nungara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are different species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5EBC2A55213EB63AAF47FB61CA0512D6" box="[1057,1124,1161,1183]" captionStart="Figure S 2" captionStartId="23.[164,250,916,938]" captionText="Figure S 2. Obama marmorata. Photomicrograph of a sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus of specimen Gm 2, studied by Froehlich (1959)." pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
; Supplementary material Fig. S1B). It also gives statistical support to the individuals of Brazil and the individuals from Europe and Argentina as belonging to the same species, although they are genetically quite differentiated. This is probably because the animals introduced to other countries originated from a different region of Brazil than the one analysed here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |