203 lines
25 KiB
XML
203 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="0E52AE9E174B6BE731C25FE7B81AC609" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3904.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d5fb22ca-57ee-4e70-86a7-8cd52b912b92" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287633" ID-ZooBank="03505E63-0FDB-48F6-BABA-93213E4D2AFE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460884586436" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ruhnke, Timothy R., Caira, Janine N. & Cox, Allison" docDate="2015" docId="03D787C626747438BBC2FE51FBC3F85E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03904p081.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3904 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhinebothriidae Euzet 1953" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="FFEEFFBE266C7420BB55FFE9FFDFFFCD" masterDocTitle="The cestode order Rhinebothriidea no longer family-less: A molecular phylogenetic investigation with erection of two new families and description of eight new species of Anthocephalum" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1698358809355" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7608560D5A3B86C7B63B67C25605F025">The cestode order Rhinebothriidea no longer family-less: A molecular phylogenetic investigation with erection of two new families and description of eight new species of Anthocephalum</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BFCC935647F20147B18C473B1ACD098A">Ruhnke, Timothy R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="100F5130607C3CA4D217613A9C20216F">Caira, Janine N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="46222B60C09C1E569784B9F677A8F37A">Cox, Allison</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="349A8B894DBE10A0F7EB3EF7CF6BB6F0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E16EE7D35EBCCFCE607BBC9763BA2ECE">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0C03365DC043E0137C31B56E6EB51253">3904</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D787C626747438BBC2FE51FBC3F85E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6113005" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127671179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6113005" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D787C626747438BBC2FE51FBC3F85E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D787C626747438BBC2FE51FBC3F85E" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
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<subSubSection id="C364655B26747438BBC2FE51FE22FE1F" box="[151,509,440,466]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC136D026747438BBC2FE51FE22FE1F" blockId="24.[151,509,440,466]" box="[151,509,440,466]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
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<heading id="D08981BC26747438BBC2FE51FE22FE1F" bold="true" box="[151,509,440,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BBC2FE51FE22FE1F" ID-CoL="7NKV6" authority="Euzet, 1953" authorityName="Euzet" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,509,440,466]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BBC2FE51FE22FE1F" bold="true" box="[151,509,440,466]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhinebothriidae Euzet, 1953</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364655B26747438BBC2FE17FB71FD6A" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC136D026747438BBC2FE17FB71FD6A" blockId="24.[151,1437,510,1939]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BBC2FE17FECEFDDA" bold="true" box="[151,273,510,535]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Scolex with 4 bothridia; bothridia each with 1 or 2 columns of regular, facial loculi; with or without marginal loculi; locular columns extending throughout majority of length of bothridia; apical sucker and conspicuous anterior/posterior orientation of bothridia lacking; myzorhynchus lacking in adult stage. Postvaginal testes lacking (except in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BA97FD83FD49FD4E" box="[450,662,618,643]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhabdotobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BA97FD83FD49FD4E" box="[450,662,618,643]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhabdotobothrium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438B982FD83FC58FD4E" box="[727,903,618,643]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhodobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438B982FD83FC58FD4E" box="[727,903,618,643]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhodobothrium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Vitelline follicles not interrupted by ovary. Parasites of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BA75FD67FE00FD6A" box="[288,479,654,679]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Myliobatiformes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BABFFD67FDB6FD6A" box="[490,617,654,679]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
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, and Rhinopristiformes (sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438B890FD67FB7DFD6A" author="Naylor" box="[965,1186,654,679]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Naylor, G., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Rosana, K. A., Straube, N. & Lakner, C. (2012 a) Elasmobranch phylogeny: a mitochondrial estimate based on 595 species. In: Carrier, J. C., Musick, J. A. & Heithaus, M. R. (Eds.), Biology of Sharks and their Relatives. CRC Press, Boca Raton. pp. 31 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2012" yearSuffix="a">
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Naylor
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BF4FFD66FB94FD6A" box="[1050,1099,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
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. 2012a
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364655B26747438BB92FD5BFC03FC96" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC136D026747438BB92FD5BFC03FC96" blockId="24.[151,1437,510,1939]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BB92FD5BFEB7FD06" bold="true" box="[199,360,690,715]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
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<typeStatus id="54C5887226747438BB92FD5BFEDDFD06" box="[199,258,690,715]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Type</typeStatus>
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genus.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BAD6FD5BFD31FD06" authority="Linton, 1889" authorityName="Linton" authorityYear="1889" box="[387,750,690,715]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhinebothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BAD6FD5BFDF4FD06" box="[387,555,690,715]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhinebothrium</emphasis>
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Linton, 1889
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</taxonomicName>
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. Additional genera:
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BF59FD5BFA47FD06" authority="Euzet, 1953" authorityName="Euzet" authorityYear="1953" box="[1036,1432,690,715]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhabdotobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BF59FD5BFB3FFD06" box="[1036,1248,690,715]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhabdotobothrium</emphasis>
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Euzet, 1953
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BBC2FD3FFD19FD22" authority="Mayes, Brooks & Thorson, 1981" authorityName="Mayes, Brooks & Thorson" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,710,726,751]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhinebothroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BBC2FD3FFE90FD22" box="[151,335,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhinebothroides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438BA00FD3EFD19FD22" author="Mayes" box="[341,710,726,751]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Mayes, M. A., Brooks, D. R. & Thorson, T. B. (1981) Two new tetraphyllidean cestodes from Potamotrygon circularis Garman (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) in the Itacuai River, Brazil. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 48, 38 - 42." type="journal article" year="1981">Mayes, Brooks & Thorson, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438B987FD3FFBC4FD22" authority="Linton, 1889" authorityName="Linton" authorityYear="1889" box="[722,1051,726,751]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhodobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438B987FD3FFC5DFD22" box="[722,898,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhodobothrium</emphasis>
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Linton, 1889
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BF70FD3FFF0DFCDE" authority="Ball, Neifar & Euzet, 2003" authorityName="Ball, Neifar & Euzet" authorityYear="2003" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Scalithrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BF70FD3FFB77FD22" box="[1061,1192,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Scalithrium</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438BFFAFD3FFF0DFCDE" author="Ball" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Ball, D., Neifar, L. & Euzet, L. (2003) Proposition de Scalithrium n. gen. (Cestoda, Tetraphyllidea) avec comme espece-type Scalithrium minimum (Van Beneden, 1850) n. comb. parasite de Dasyatis pastinaca (Elasmobranchii, Dasyatidae). Parasite, 10, 31 - 37. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2003101 p 31" type="journal article" year="2003">Ball, Neifar & Euzet, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BBBFFD13FDBFFCDE" authority="Linton, 1889" authorityName="Linton" authorityYear="1889" box="[234,608,762,787]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Spongiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BBBFFD13FE72FCDE" box="[234,429,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Spongiobothrium</emphasis>
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Linton, 1889
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</taxonomicName>
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; possibly also
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438B87EFD12FABFFCDE" authority="Eyring, Healy & Reyda, 2012" authorityName="Eyring, Healy & Reyda" authorityYear="2012" box="[811,1376,762,787]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" genus="Crassuseptum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438B87EFD12FC15FCDF" box="[811,970,763,786]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Crassuseptum</emphasis>
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Eyring, Healy & Reyda, 2012
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BBC2FCF7FD85FCFA" authority="Tan, Zhou & Yang, 2009" authorityName="Tan, Zhou & Yang" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,602,798,823]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Biotobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BBC2FCF7FEE5FCFA" box="[151,314,798,823]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Biotobothrium</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438BA14FCF6FD85FCFA" author="Tan" box="[321,602,798,823]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Tan, R., Zhou, L. & Yang, W. (2009) A new cestode (Tetraphyllidea: Phyllobothriidae) in elasmobranchs from the Taiwan Strait. Journal of Parasitology, 95, 739 - 742. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / ge- 1459.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Tan, Zhou & Yang, 2009</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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but placement of these two genera in this family remains to be confirmed pending further molecular, and in the latter case, also morphological work.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364655B26747438BB92FC8FFBC3F85E" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC136D026747438BB92FC8FFA89FAC6" blockId="24.[151,1437,510,1939]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BB92FC8FFEE4FCB2" bold="true" box="[199,315,870,895]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The subfamily Rhinebothriinae was established by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438B8C0FC8EFBE8FCB2" author="Euzet" box="[917,1079,870,895]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Euzet, L. (1953 b) Suggestions pour une nouvelle classification des Cestodes Tetraphyllides. XIV International Congress of Zoology, Copenhagen, 347 - 349." type="book chapter" year="1953" yearSuffix="b">Euzet (1953b)</bibRefCitation>
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as an element of his proposed new classification of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BA99FC63FDAEFC6E" box="[460,625,906,931]" class="Cestoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Tetraphyllidea</taxonomicName>
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. At that time the subfamily included only
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BFD6FC63FAF4FC6E" box="[1155,1323,906,931]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhinebothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BFD6FC63FAF4FC6E" box="[1155,1323,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhinebothrium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and was characterized by its lack of an adult myzorhynchus and possession of bothridia that were “cloisonnées” (i.e., loculated). His subsequent (1994) diagnosis was fully consistent with his original concept of the subfamily. While the latter two features still serve to characterize members of this taxon, which henceforth should be known as the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BBC2FBF3FE93FBFE" box="[151,332,1050,1075]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Rhinebothriidae</taxonomicName>
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in recognition of its elevation to family, we have expanded Euzet’s (1994) diagnosis to allow its members to be distinguished from the novel families established below that also bear facial loculi on their bothridia. The revised diagnosis also serves to accommodate genera not originally assigned to the subfamily by Euzet. This family is readily distinguished from all other families of rhinebothriideans in lacking bothridial apical suckers and also thus in lacking a definitive anterior/posterior orientation of the bothridia. That is not to say it is not possible to distinguish one end of a bothridium from the other for some species exhibit one loculus at one end and two at the other. It is just that without additional information it is not clear which end represents the anterior.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136D026747438BB92FAFFFE6CF9E6" blockId="24.[151,1437,510,1939]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
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The results of our molecular analyses are fully consistent with those of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438B8A0FAFFFB13FAE2" box="[1013,1228,1302,1327]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Healy, C., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Webster, B. & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2009) Proposal for a new tapeworm order, Rhinebothriidea. International Journal of Parasitology, 39, 497 - 511. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2008.09.002" type="journal article">
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Healy
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BF15FAFEFBADFAE2" box="[1088,1138,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
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||
. (2009)
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</bibRefCitation>
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in suggesting that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BBC2FAD3FE98FA9E" box="[151,327,1338,1363]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhodobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BBC2FAD3FE98FA9E" box="[151,327,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhodobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has close affinities with taxa now considered to belong in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BF3FFAD3FAFDFA9E" box="[1130,1314,1338,1363]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Rhinebothriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However controversy remains regarding the exact configuration of its distal bothridial surfaces. The scanning electron micrograph provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438BAFBFA6BFDA1FA56" author="Healy" box="[430,638,1410,1435]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Healy, C., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Webster, B. & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2009) Proposal for a new tapeworm order, Rhinebothriidea. International Journal of Parasitology, 39, 497 - 511. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2008.09.002" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Healy
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BAACFA6DFDF4FA56" box="[505,555,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; fig. 13) shows evidence of small marginal loculi but little evidence of facial loculi. In contrast, both
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438BAB3FA4EFDA8FA72" author="Euzet" box="[486,631,1446,1471]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Euzet, L. (1959) Recherches sur les cestodes tetraphyllides des selaciens des cotes de France. Doctoral Dissertation, Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, 263 pp." type="book" year="1959">Euzet (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438B9F8FA4FFBDFFA72" author="Campbell" box="[685,1024,1446,1471]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Campbell, R. A. & Carvajal, J. G. (1979) Synonymy of the phyllobothriid genera Rhodobothrium Linton, 1889, Inermiphyllidium Riser, 1955, and Sphaerobothrium Euzet, 1959 (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 46, 88 - 97." type="journal article" year="1979">Campbell and Carvajal (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrated irregular facial loculi. We suspect that facial loculi are in fact present in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438B833FA23FBC9FA2E" box="[870,1046,1482,1507]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Rhodobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438B833FA23FBC9FA2E" box="[870,1046,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Rhodobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but are only weakly muscular. Nonetheless, the morphology of members of this genus requires additional investigation in light of its placement in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BB95F9FBFEAAF9E6" box="[192,373,1554,1579]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Rhinebothriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136D026747438BB92F9DEFBC3F85E" blockId="24.[151,1437,510,1939]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">
|
||
We consider the monotypic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438B954F9DFFD7BF982" box="[513,676,1590,1615]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinobothriidae" genus="Biotobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438B954F9DFFD7BF982" box="[513,676,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Biotobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a provisional member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BF7BF9DFFB39F982" box="[1070,1254,1590,1615]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Rhinebothriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This appears to be the most appropriate family placement for this genus based on its proglottid anatomy and possession of bothridia that do not exhibit apical suckers or a clear anterior/posterior orientation. However, the locular configuration of this species as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2126747438B9EDF94AFC5BF976" box="[696,900,1698,1723]" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" refString="Tan, R., Zhou, L. & Yang, W. (2009) A new cestode (Tetraphyllidea: Phyllobothriidae) in elasmobranchs from the Taiwan Strait. Journal of Parasitology, 95, 739 - 742. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / ge- 1459.1" type="journal article">
|
||
Tan
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438B9BBF94DFCFAF976" box="[750,805,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is not fully consistent with the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BBC2F92FFE93F912" box="[151,332,1734,1759]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Rhinebothriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
presented here. Of most concern is that, rather than possessing one to two columns of loculi extending essentially throughout its length, this taxon was described as bearing five complete facial loculi arranged in one apical and two symmetrical pairs. It would be interesting to explore the family-level placement of this taxon using molecular data, and also to more fully characterize the configuration of the facial loculi in this taxon. Morphologically,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438BA35F8BEFE21F8A3" box="[352,510,1879,1902]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" genus="Crassuseptum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC226747438BA35F8BEFE21F8A3" box="[352,510,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="75">Crassuseptum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is consistent with the diagnosis of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D5326747438B8E3F8BFFBB4F8A2" box="[950,1131,1878,1903]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinebothriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinebothriidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Rhinebothriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
presented here, however it would also be interesting to explore this placement further using molecular data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |