treatments-xml/data/BC/A1/41/BCA141BA093257C29651C7B503DF8A09.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4078b31d-4bb5-4803-8dc6-8d0549f7a8f3" ID-PMC="PMC8257565" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1047-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="199EAC1979F8501BB42D0A51CD52BB67" ID-PubMed="34248368" ID-ZooBank="12E8706355C44D5F821853F867E27908" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1047-101" checkinTime="1624985779365" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sutcharit, Chirasak &amp; Panha, Somsak" docDate="2021" docId="BCA141BA093257C29651C7B503DF8A09" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1047: 101-154" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1047" docPubDate="2021-06-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735" docTitle="Hemiplecta humphreysiana" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="199EAC1979F8501BB42D0A51CD52BB67" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="199EAC1979F8501BB42D0A51CD52BB67" masterDocTitle="Systematic review of the dextral Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Thailand with description of a new species and list of all the Indochinese species" masterLastPageNumber="154" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1668153796362" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Systematic review of the dextral Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Thailand with description of a new species and list of all the Indochinese species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2021-06-28</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183203208" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BCA141BA093257C29651C7B503DF8A09" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BCA141BA093257C29651C7B503DF8A09" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName LSID="BCA141BA-0932-57C2-9651-C7B503DF8A09" authority="(Lea, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">Hemiplecta humphreysiana (Lea, 1840)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail. A Hemiplecta humphreysiana from Singapore (width about 45 mm) B, C Hemiplecta distincta B from Saraburi, Thailand (width about 65 mm) and C mating pairs D, E Hemiplecta funerea from Nan, Thailand (width about 50 mm) D yellow shell form and E dark shell form (width about 50 mm) F Hemiplecta esculenta from Chiang Mai, Thailand (width about 30 mm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560488" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figures 1A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A, B Hemiplecta humphreysiana A specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore and B specimen CUMZ 4648 from Narathivat, Thailand C Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4531 from Chacheongsao, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560489" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 2A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Representative SEM images of radula A-C Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A central and lateral teeth B transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth and C outermost marginal teeth D, E Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand D central and lateral teeth and E outermost marginal teeth F, G Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand F central and lateral teeth and G outermost marginal teeth H, I Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand H central and lateral teeth I transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth J Hemiplecta nemorosa sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5253 from Maehongsorn, Thailand. Central tooth indicated by ' C'. Numbers indicate the tooth order from lateral to marginal end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560497" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 10A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">Helix humphreysiana</taxonomicName>
Lea, 1840: 175. Type locality: Pondicherry and Singapore. 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1005313" author="Lea, I" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="455 - 465" refId="B59" refString="Lea, I, 1841. Description of nineteen new species of Colimacea. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 7: 455 - 465, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1005313" title="Description of nineteen new species of Colimacea." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1005313" volume="7" year="1841">Lea 1841</bibRefCitation>
: 463, 464, pl. 12, fig. 16. 
<bibRefCitation author="Reeve, LA" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper No," pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B104" refString="Reeve, LA, 1854. Conchologia Iconica: Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals (Vol. 7), Helix. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London." title="Conchologia Iconica: Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals (Vol. 7), Helix. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London." year="1854">Reeve 1854</bibRefCitation>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Helix</taxonomicName>
pl. 74, species 387.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">Hemiplecta humphreysiana</taxonomicName>
: Morgan, 1885a: 378. Godwin-Austen 1898: 74, pl. 80. figs 6, 6b; pl. 61, figs 1, 1e. 
<bibRefCitation author="Collinge, WE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="71 - 95" refId="B19" refString="Collinge, WE, 1902. On the non-operculate land and freshwater molluscs collected by members of the &quot;Skeat Expedition&quot; in the Malay Peninsula, 1899-1900. Journal of Malacology 9: 71 - 95" title="On the non-operculate land and freshwater molluscs collected by members of the &quot; Skeat Expedition &quot; in the Malay Peninsula, 1899 - 1900." volume="9" year="1902">Collinge 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 78, pl. 4, figs 16-23. 
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 94" refId="B54" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1932a. Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera. Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London 20: 80 - 94" title="Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera." volume="20" year="1932 a">Laidlaw 1932a</bibRefCitation>
: 78. 
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Bulletins of the Raffles Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 41" refId="B55" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1932b. Notes on the land Mollusca of the Batu caves, Selangor with description of two new species. Bulletins of the Raffles Museum 7: 35 - 41" title="Notes on the land Mollusca of the Batu caves, Selangor with description of two new species." volume="7" year="1932 b">Laidlaw 1932b</bibRefCitation>
: 40. 
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Malacological branch of the Royal Asiatic Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="211 - 234" refId="B56" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1933. A list of land and fresh-water Mollusca of the Malay Peninsular. Land Mollusca, part II, Pulmonata. Journal of the Malacological branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 11: 211 - 234" title="A list of land and fresh-water Mollusca of the Malay Peninsular. Land Mollusca, part II, Pulmonata." volume="11" year="1933">Laidlaw 1933</bibRefCitation>
: 217. 
<bibRefCitation author="Benthem Jutting, WSS van" journalOrPublisher="Bulletins of the Raffles Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="50 - 77" refId="B10" refString="Benthem Jutting, WSS van, 1949. On a collection of non-marine Mollusca from Malaya in the Raffles Museum, Singapore, with an appendix on cave shells. Bulletins of the Raffles Museum 19: 50 - 77" title="On a collection of non-marine Mollusca from Malaya in the Raffles Museum, Singapore, with an appendix on cave shells." volume="19" year="1949">Benthem Jutting 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 69. 
<bibRefCitation author="Benthem, Jutting WSS van" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="124 - 127" refId="B11" refString="Benthem, Jutting WSS van, 1950. Anatomie comparee de l'appareil genital chez les pulmones terrestres de Java, attribues jusqu'ici au genre Hemiplecta Albers, 1850. Journal de Conchyliologie 90: 124 - 127" title="Anatomie comparee de l'appareil genital chez les pulmones terrestres de Java, attribues jusqu'ici au genre Hemiplecta Albers, 1850." volume="90" year="1950">Benthem Jutting 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 444, fig. 64. 
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="125 - 138" refId="B57" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1957. Notes on the collection of land Mollusca made by Dr. E. Jacobson in the islands of Simalur and Babi in 1913, with description of new species and races. Zoologische Mededelingen 35: 125 - 138" title="Notes on the collection of land Mollusca made by Dr. E. Jacobson in the islands of Simalur and Babi in 1913, with description of new species and races." volume="35" year="1957">Laidlaw 1957</bibRefCitation>
: 134. 
<bibRefCitation author="Benthem Jutting, WSS van" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="41 - 191" refId="B12" refString="Benthem Jutting, WSS van, 1959. Catalogue of the non-marine Mollusca of Sumatra and of its satellite islands. Beaufortia 7: 41 - 191" title="Catalogue of the non-marine Mollusca of Sumatra and of its satellite islands." volume="7" year="1959">Benthem Jutting 1959</bibRefCitation>
: 148-150. 
<bibRefCitation author="Ho, WH" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="91 - 113" refId="B42" refString="Ho, WH, 1995. A review of the land snail fauna of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 43: 91 - 113" title="A review of the land snail fauna of Singapore." volume="43" year="1995">Ho 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 104, 105.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="I.Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">Nanina humphreysiana</taxonomicName>
: Martens, 1867: 233, pl. 10, figs 2, 2b, 4. Tryon, 1886: 36, pl. 11, figs 52, 53, pl. 12, fig. 54.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="I.Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina (Hemiplecta) humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana" subGenus="Hemiplecta">Nanina (Hemiplecta) humphreysiana</taxonomicName>
: Tryon, 1886: 36, pl. 11, figs 52, 53; pl. 12, fig. 54.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="type specimen">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Type specimen.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
See the species list of the Indochinese species (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A Hemiplecta denserugata, syntype SMF 226943 / 1 B Hemiplecta distincta, holotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35535 of Hemiplecta franzhuberi Thach, 2020 C Hemiplecta funerea, lectotype NHMUK 1896.1.25.4 D Hemiplecta gordoniae, specimen NHMUK 1903.7.1.309 E Hemiplecta humphreysiana, syntype NMNH 116569." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560499" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">12D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Singapore" location="Bukit Timah" specimenCount="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<collectingCountry name="Singapore">Singapore</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BCA141BA093257C29651C7B503DF8A09:C5B2190C57A76D4FFE8D372F2E06860D" country="Singapore" name="Bukit Timah">Bukit Timah</location>
: RMBR 1990.1711 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol), 1990.15781-2 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol); CUMZ 4573 (1 shell; Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A, B Hemiplecta humphreysiana A specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore and B specimen CUMZ 4648 from Narathivat, Thailand C Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4531 from Chacheongsao, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560489" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">2A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">3</figureCitation>
). Botanic Garden: RMBR 1975.2.10.89 (1 shell), RMBR 1990.1710 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol); CUMZ 4571/1 (1 shell), CUMZ 4572 (
<specimenCount type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol). Nee Soon: RMBR 1990.15945 (1 shell), RMBR 1990.16996 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol), RMBR 1990.15103-4 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol), RMBR 1992.3159 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol), RMBR 1992.3160-1 (2 shells), RMBR 1992.3162 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol), RMBR 1994.4116 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol). Singapore: RMBR 1989.509-513 (5 shells), RMBR 1990.15105 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Halabala National Park" municipality="Narathivat Province" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Sirindhorn Waterfall, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BCA141BA093257C29651C7B503DF8A09:2DC1287889A1F308DE97F27F57C6A327" country="Thailand" municipality="Narathivat Province" name="Halabala National Park">Halabala National Park</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Narathivat Province</collectingMunicipality>
: CUMZ 4647 (2 shells), CUMZ 4648 (1 shell; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A, B Hemiplecta humphreysiana A specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore and B specimen CUMZ 4648 from Narathivat, Thailand C Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4531 from Chacheongsao, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560489" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">2B</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Shell.</emphasis>
Shell large (height up to 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
, width up to 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
), dextral and conic to depressed conic (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A, B Hemiplecta humphreysiana A specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore and B specimen CUMZ 4648 from Narathivat, Thailand C Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4531 from Chacheongsao, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560489" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">2A, B</figureCitation>
). Whorls 6 to 8, slightly convex; suture wide and shallow. Shell yellowish to brownish, usually with narrow dark brown band on periphery. Upper shell surface darker than lower surface. Apex obtuse; embryonic shell large and smooth; following whorls with thin growth lines. Last whorl rounded to slightly angulate; aperture ovate; lip simple but slightly thickened in adult snail. Columella slightly dilated; parietal callus thin and translucent. Umbilicus open and deep.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Genitalia.</emphasis>
Atrium (at) very short (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">3A</figureCitation>
). Penis (p) long, slender, cylindrical, and encircled by thin penial sheath (psh) extending about one-third of penis length. Epiphallic caecum (ec) short, straight; penial retractor muscle (pr) thin and attached to the tip. Epiphallus (e) short and about one-third of penis length. Flagellum (fl) short, stout, and with thin muscle bands connected to penial sheath. Vas deferens (vd) small tube. Internal wall of penis with sculpture encircling penial verge (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">3B</figureCitation>
). Penial sculpture (ps) consists of scattering of small papillary knobs arranged randomly on penial wall. Penial verge (pv) long conic with smooth surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Vagina (v) long and cylindrical (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">3A, B</figureCitation>
); internal wall with thin and smooth longitudinal vaginal pilasters (vp). Dart apparatus (da) long muscular cylinder, externally and internally smooth; dart papilla (dp) short, conic, and smooth. Gametolytic sac (gs) elongate or bulbous without distinct duct. Free oviduct (fo) long and encircled with thickened blackish muscular tissue (orange in fresh specimens). Oviduct (ov) long and with lobules; prostate gland bound to oviduct. Albumen gland (ag) small. Hermaphroditic duct (hd) small, convoluted, and connected to lobules of hermaphroditic gland (hg).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Radula.</emphasis>
Each row containing about 253 teeth (127-(18-32)-1-(29-32)-125). Central tooth unicuspid and triangular (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Representative SEM images of radula A-C Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A central and lateral teeth B transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth and C outermost marginal teeth D, E Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand D central and lateral teeth and E outermost marginal teeth F, G Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand F central and lateral teeth and G outermost marginal teeth H, I Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand H central and lateral teeth I transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth J Hemiplecta nemorosa sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5253 from Maehongsorn, Thailand. Central tooth indicated by ' C'. Numbers indicate the tooth order from lateral to marginal end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560497" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">10A</figureCitation>
). Lateral teeth unicuspid, slanted, and with curved cusp. Outer lateral teeth with slightly curved cusps; latero-marginal transition from tooth numbers 28 to 32 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Representative SEM images of radula A-C Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A central and lateral teeth B transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth and C outermost marginal teeth D, E Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand D central and lateral teeth and E outermost marginal teeth F, G Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand F central and lateral teeth and G outermost marginal teeth H, I Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand H central and lateral teeth I transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth J Hemiplecta nemorosa sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5253 from Maehongsorn, Thailand. Central tooth indicated by ' C'. Numbers indicate the tooth order from lateral to marginal end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560497" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">10B</figureCitation>
). Marginal teeth bicuspid and curved; endocone and ectocone usually similar in shape and size (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Representative SEM images of radula A-C Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A central and lateral teeth B transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth and C outermost marginal teeth D, E Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand D central and lateral teeth and E outermost marginal teeth F, G Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand F central and lateral teeth and G outermost marginal teeth H, I Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand H central and lateral teeth I transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth J Hemiplecta nemorosa sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5253 from Maehongsorn, Thailand. Central tooth indicated by ' C'. Numbers indicate the tooth order from lateral to marginal end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560497" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">10C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">External features</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Mantle edge with large dorsal lobes. Right dorsal lobe (rdl) to right of anus (an; on the left in figure), large, and thick. Left dorsal lobe to left of anus (on the right in figure), composed of thin crescentic anterior left dorsal lobe (aldl), and thin elongated posterior left dorsal lobe (pldl). Right shell lobe (rsl) and left shell lobe (lsl) have short finger-shaped extensions located on mantle edge near tip of urinary groove and around junction of anterior and posterior left dorsal lobes, respectively, (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">3C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Pulmonary cavity typically sigmurethran, heart (h; auricle and ventricle) located left of kidney (k; on the right in figure). Pulmonary cavity approximately four times longer than wide. Pulmonary vein (puv) and venation on lung cavity well developed and distinct. Kidney (k) elongate, slender, and approximately one-third length of pulmonary cavity. Ureter (ur) sigmoid, closed tube arising from tip of kidney, extending along right side of kidney, and curved adjacent to rectum (r). Anus (an) adjacent to mantle edge (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">3C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Living snails possess long greyish-brown tentacles (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail. A Hemiplecta humphreysiana from Singapore (width about 45 mm) B, C Hemiplecta distincta B from Saraburi, Thailand (width about 65 mm) and C mating pairs D, E Hemiplecta funerea from Nan, Thailand (width about 50 mm) D yellow shell form and E dark shell form (width about 50 mm) F Hemiplecta esculenta from Chiang Mai, Thailand (width about 30 mm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560488" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">1A</figureCitation>
). Skin reticulated brownish with blackish reticulations around head. Foot sole relatively elongate, broad and unipartite. Sole of foot plain brownish; side of body brownish; upper part of tail dark greyish. Tail long, curved mid-dorsally, tall dome-shaped in cross section. Caudal horn not overhanging; caudal foss a long vertical slit arranged on tail above sole margin. Pedal groove typical aulacopod and well defined (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber C pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge D dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">3E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560488" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Living snail. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry name="Singapore">Singapore</collectingCountry>
(width about 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B, C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta distincta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
from 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Sara Buri">Saraburi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(width about 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
) and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C</emphasis>
mating pairs 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D, E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta funerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(width about 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D</emphasis>
yellow shell form and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">E</emphasis>
dark shell form (width about 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maassen" authorityYear="2006" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta esculenta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="esculenta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta esculenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(width about 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
The systematic studies of some 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have revealed incongruence between the traditional shell-based and molecular classifications (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="183 - 215" refId="B119" refString="Sutcharit, C, Jeratthitikul, E, Tongkerd, P, Panha, S, 2021. Reassessment and systematic position of the sinistral snails of genus Hemiplecta from Thailand (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae), with description of two new species. Contributions to Zoology 90: 183 - 215, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" title="Reassessment and systematic position of the sinistral snails of genus Hemiplecta from Thailand (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae), with description of two new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" volume="90" year="2021">Sutcharit et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
). Therefore, apart from Singapore (type locality) the historical record of 
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. humphreysiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Sumatra, Borneo, and several localities in Peninsular Malaysia (
<bibRefCitation author="Martens, E von" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B65" refString="Martens, E von, 1867. Die Preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien. Verlag der Koeniglichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei. 477 pp." title="Die Preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien. Verlag der Koeniglichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei. 477 pp." year="1867">Martens 1867</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Tryon Jr, GW" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B130" refString="Tryon Jr, GW, 1886. Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Volume 2, Zonitidae. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 265 pp. [pls 1-64]" title="Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Volume 2, Zonitidae. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 265 pp. [pls 1 - 64]" year="1886">Tryon 1886</bibRefCitation>
; Godwin-Austen 1898; 
<bibRefCitation author="Collinge, WE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="71 - 95" refId="B19" refString="Collinge, WE, 1902. On the non-operculate land and freshwater molluscs collected by members of the &quot;Skeat Expedition&quot; in the Malay Peninsula, 1899-1900. Journal of Malacology 9: 71 - 95" title="On the non-operculate land and freshwater molluscs collected by members of the &quot; Skeat Expedition &quot; in the Malay Peninsula, 1899 - 1900." volume="9" year="1902">Collinge 1902</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 94" refId="B54" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1932a. Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera. Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London 20: 80 - 94" title="Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera." volume="20" year="1932 a">Laidlaw 1932a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Malacological branch of the Royal Asiatic Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="211 - 234" refId="B56" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1933. A list of land and fresh-water Mollusca of the Malay Peninsular. Land Mollusca, part II, Pulmonata. Journal of the Malacological branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 11: 211 - 234" title="A list of land and fresh-water Mollusca of the Malay Peninsular. Land Mollusca, part II, Pulmonata." volume="11" year="1933">1933</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="125 - 138" refId="B57" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1957. Notes on the collection of land Mollusca made by Dr. E. Jacobson in the islands of Simalur and Babi in 1913, with description of new species and races. Zoologische Mededelingen 35: 125 - 138" title="Notes on the collection of land Mollusca made by Dr. E. Jacobson in the islands of Simalur and Babi in 1913, with description of new species and races." volume="35" year="1957">1957</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Benthem, Jutting WSS van" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="124 - 127" refId="B11" refString="Benthem, Jutting WSS van, 1950. Anatomie comparee de l'appareil genital chez les pulmones terrestres de Java, attribues jusqu'ici au genre Hemiplecta Albers, 1850. Journal de Conchyliologie 90: 124 - 127" title="Anatomie comparee de l'appareil genital chez les pulmones terrestres de Java, attribues jusqu'ici au genre Hemiplecta Albers, 1850." volume="90" year="1950">Benthem Jutting 1950</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Benthem Jutting, WSS van" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="41 - 191" refId="B12" refString="Benthem Jutting, WSS van, 1959. Catalogue of the non-marine Mollusca of Sumatra and of its satellite islands. Beaufortia 7: 41 - 191" title="Catalogue of the non-marine Mollusca of Sumatra and of its satellite islands." volume="7" year="1959">1959</bibRefCitation>
) needs to be confirmed by more convincing morphological and molecular evidences. In Thailand, this is the first and only record of this species from Narathivat, the southern-most province of Thailand.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560489" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
specimen CUMZ 4648 from Narathivat, Thailand 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta distincta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen CUMZ 4531 from Chacheongsao, Thailand.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
The specimens examined and described herein for the genitalia, pallial system, and radula were collected from Singapore (the correct type locality of this type species) to specify the characteristics for the genus. 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly differs from all other species recorded both in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia (compared with the type specimens in the list of the species). It can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. floweri" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="floweri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. floweri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1899 (see 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="31 - 36" refId="B33" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1900. On the anatomy of Hemiplecta floweri E.A. Smith, from Perak, Malay Peninsula; with notes on some other eastern genera. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 4: 31 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" title="On the anatomy of Hemiplecta floweri E. A. Smith, from Perak, Malay Peninsula; with notes on some other eastern genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" volume="4" year="1900">Godwin-Austen 1900</bibRefCitation>
) from Peninsular Malaysia, by having a narrow umbilicus, without a brownish spiral band on the umbilical area, and more elevated spire (Smith 1898; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="31 - 36" refId="B33" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1900. On the anatomy of Hemiplecta floweri E.A. Smith, from Perak, Malay Peninsula; with notes on some other eastern genera. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 4: 31 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" title="On the anatomy of Hemiplecta floweri E. A. Smith, from Perak, Malay Peninsula; with notes on some other eastern genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" volume="4" year="1900">Godwin-Austen 1900</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, the straight epiphallic caecum of this species is distinct from the coiled epiphallic caecum of 
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. floweri" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="floweri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. floweri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Shell coiling, shell lobe, and genitalia variation among species that have been classified into the genus Hemiplecta s. l.: +, present; -, absent;? not shown in the literature. References: 1 = Benthem Jutting (1950), 2 = Blanford and Godwin-Austen (1908), 3 = Collinge (1902), 4 = Godwin-Austen (1898), 5 = Godwin-Austen (1900), 6 = Godwin-Austen (1919), 7 = Maassen (2009), 8 = Panha (1987 a), 9 = Schileyko (2002), 10 = Schileyko (2015), 11 = Stoliczka (1873), 12 = Sutcharit et al. (2012), and 13 = Sutcharit et al. (2021)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/64BC0418160D656240AC5FFAE7755335" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" tableUuid="64BC0418160D656240AC5FFAE7755335">2</tableCitation>
). Unfortunately, none of the penial sculptures have been prepared for further comparison.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="64BC0418160D656240AC5FFAE7755335" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/64BC0418160D656240AC5FFAE7755335" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Table 2.</emphasis>
Shell coiling, shell lobe, and genitalia variation among species that have been classified into the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l.: +, present; -, absent;? not shown in the literature. References: 1 = 
<bibRefCitation author="Benthem, Jutting WSS van" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="124 - 127" refId="B11" refString="Benthem, Jutting WSS van, 1950. Anatomie comparee de l'appareil genital chez les pulmones terrestres de Java, attribues jusqu'ici au genre Hemiplecta Albers, 1850. Journal de Conchyliologie 90: 124 - 127" title="Anatomie comparee de l'appareil genital chez les pulmones terrestres de Java, attribues jusqu'ici au genre Hemiplecta Albers, 1850." volume="90" year="1950">Benthem Jutting (1950)</bibRefCitation>
, 2 = 
<bibRefCitation author="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B16" refString="Blanford, WT, Godwin-Austen, HH, 1908. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae." year="1908">Blanford and Godwin-Austen (1908)</bibRefCitation>
, 3 = 
<bibRefCitation author="Collinge, WE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="71 - 95" refId="B19" refString="Collinge, WE, 1902. On the non-operculate land and freshwater molluscs collected by members of the &quot;Skeat Expedition&quot; in the Malay Peninsula, 1899-1900. Journal of Malacology 9: 71 - 95" title="On the non-operculate land and freshwater molluscs collected by members of the &quot; Skeat Expedition &quot; in the Malay Peninsula, 1899 - 1900." volume="9" year="1902">Collinge (1902)</bibRefCitation>
, 4 = Godwin-Austen (1898), 5 = 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="31 - 36" refId="B33" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1900. On the anatomy of Hemiplecta floweri E.A. Smith, from Perak, Malay Peninsula; with notes on some other eastern genera. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 4: 31 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" title="On the anatomy of Hemiplecta floweri E. A. Smith, from Perak, Malay Peninsula; with notes on some other eastern genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065776" volume="4" year="1900">Godwin-Austen (1900)</bibRefCitation>
, 6 = 
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<bibRefCitation author="Panha, S" journalOrPublisher="Venus" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="108 - 115" refId="B82" refString="Panha, S, 1987a. Histochemical and ultrastructural studies on the amatorial organ of Hemiplecta distincta (Pfeiffer) (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae). Venus 46: 108 - 115" title="Histochemical and ultrastructural studies on the amatorial organ of Hemiplecta distincta (Pfeiffer) (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae)." volume="46" year="1987 a">Panha (1987a)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="279 - 287" refId="B122" refString="Sutcharit, C, Tongkerd, P, Aileen-Tan, SH, Panha, S, 2012. Taxonomic revision of Dyakia janus from peninsular Malaysia (Pulmonata: Dyakiidae), with notes on other sinistrally coiled helicarionoids. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60: 279 - 287" title="Taxonomic revision of Dyakia janus from peninsular Malaysia (Pulmonata: Dyakiidae), with notes on other sinistrally coiled helicarionoids." volume="60" year="2012">Sutcharit et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="183 - 215" refId="B119" refString="Sutcharit, C, Jeratthitikul, E, Tongkerd, P, Panha, S, 2021. Reassessment and systematic position of the sinistral snails of genus Hemiplecta from Thailand (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae), with description of two new species. Contributions to Zoology 90: 183 - 215, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" title="Reassessment and systematic position of the sinistral snails of genus Hemiplecta from Thailand (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae), with description of two new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-BJA10016" volume="90" year="2021">Sutcharit et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Taxa</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Shell coiling</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Right/left shell lobes</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Epiphallic caecum</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Penial verge</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Dart apparatus</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Gametolytic duct</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">References</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. abbasi" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abbasi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. abbasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maassen, 2009
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">7</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. ceylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ceylanica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. ceylanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pfeiffer, 1850)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">9</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. cymatium" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cymatium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. cymatium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pfeiffer, 1856)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+/+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">11</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. distincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pfeiffer, 1850)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">5, 6, 8, 9 and present study</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. esculenta" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="esculenta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. esculenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maassen, 2006
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">present study</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. floweri" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="floweri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. floweri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smith, 1899)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+/+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">coiled</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. funerea" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. funerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Smith, 1896)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">coiled</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">present study</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. humphreysiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lea, 1840)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+/+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1, 2, 3, 4 and present study</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. ligorica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ligorica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. ligorica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2021
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">sinistral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">13</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. nemorosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nemorosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. nemorosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">present study</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. pernobilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pernobilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. pernobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Férussac">Ferussac</normalizedToken>
, 1821)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">coiled</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">10</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. retrorsa" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="retrorsa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. retrorsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gould, 1843)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">sinistral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">13</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. salangana" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="salangana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. salangana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Martens, 1883)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">sinistral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">12</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. thailandica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="thailandica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. thailandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2021
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">sinistral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-/-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">13</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="8" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Doubtful generic status</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. malaouyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="malaouyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. malaouyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Morgan, 1885)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+/+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">coiled</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Laidlaw, FF" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="80 - 94" refId="B54" refString="Laidlaw, FF, 1932a. Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera. Proceeding of the Malacological Society of London 20: 80 - 94" title="Notes on Ariophantidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new genera." volume="20" year="1932 a">Laidlaw (1932a)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. densa" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="densa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. densa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Adams &amp; Reeve, 1850)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+/+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Wiegmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="289 - 557" refId="B133" refString="Wiegmann, F, 1898. Ergebnisse Einer Zoologischen Forschungsreise in den Molukken und Borneo. Landmollusken (Stylommatophoren). Zootomischer Teil. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 24: 289 - 557" title="Ergebnisse Einer Zoologischen Forschungsreise in den Molukken und Borneo. Landmollusken (Stylommatophoren). Zootomischer Teil." volume="24" year="1898">Wiegmann (1898)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. werberi" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="werberi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. werberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sarasin &amp; Sarasin, 1899)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Niethammer, G" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte (NF)" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="389 - 416" refId="B78" refString="Niethammer, G, 1937. Zur Landschneckenfauna von Celebes. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte (NF) 6: 389 - 416" title="Zur Landschneckenfauna von Celebes." volume="6" year="1937">Niethammer (1937)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. foersteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foersteri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. foersteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kobelt, 1914
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.011.001" author="Wiktor, A" journalOrPublisher="Folia Malacologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 21" refId="B134" refString="Wiktor, A, 2003. Terrestrial gastropods (Mollusca) of province Madang in Papua New Guinea. Part III. Pulmonata: Rathousiidae, Ellobiidae, Succineidae, Agriolimacidae, Endodontidae (partim), Ariophantidae, Euconulidae, Subulinidae, Streptaxidae. Folia Malacologica 11: 1 - 21, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.011.001" title="Terrestrial gastropods (Mollusca) of province Madang in Papua New Guinea. Part III. Pulmonata: Rathousiidae, Ellobiidae, Succineidae, Agriolimacidae, Endodontidae (partim), Ariophantidae, Euconulidae, Subulinidae, Streptaxidae." url="https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.011.001" volume="11" year="2003">Wiktor (2003)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. belerang" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="belerang">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. belerang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cilia &amp; Abbas, 2012
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">dextral</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">?</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">straight</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">+</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Cilia, DP" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="137 - 144" refId="B18" refString="Cilia, DP, Abbas, J, 2012. A new species of Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversity Journal 3: 137 - 144" title="A new species of Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia." volume="3" year="2012">Cilia and Abbas (2012)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560490" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Genitalia, pallial system, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lea" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta humphreysiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
whole genital organs 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina and dart chamber 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C</emphasis>
pallial system, lung cavity and ventral view of mantle edge 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D</emphasis>
dorsal view of mantle edge showing shell lobes and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">E</emphasis>
right view of caudal region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>