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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.776.24432" ID-GBIF-Dataset="39a1a285-b521-4524-9ad4-2b990fe87a06" ID-PMC="PMC6072827" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-776-27" ID-PubMed="30100783" ID-ZBK="81F1C6C2D8214253A642157616E91764" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-776-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 776" ModsDocTitle="Ten new species of the spider genus Althepus Thorell, 1898 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae)" checkinTime="1532776088191" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Fengyuan, Liu, Chang &amp; Li, Shuqiang" docDate="2018" docId="2E04BBE3CF46D06773E4AAA750FC1039" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 776: 27-60" docOrigin="ZooKeys 776" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.776.24432" docTitle="Althepus yizhuang Li &amp; Li, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="5647E1C8-8360-4333-A9A2-59806CACC6D0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFDD945CFFE8FFC9886A697BFF90F964" masterDocTitle="Ten new species of the spider genus Althepus Thorell, 1898 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae)" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1668166078800" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Ten new species of the spider genus Althepus Thorell, 1898 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Fengyuan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Liu, Chang</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>776</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>27</mods:start>
<mods:end>60</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.776.24432</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.776.24432</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-776-27</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">81F1C6C2D8214253A642157616E91764</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">81F1C6C2D8214253A642157616E91764</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="146727252" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5647E1C8-8360-4333-A9A2-59806CACC6D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E04BBE3CF46D06773E4AAA750FC1039" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/5647E1C8-8360-4333-A9A2-59806CACC6D0" authority="Li &amp; Li" class="Arachnida" family="Ochyroceratidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus yizhuang" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yizhuang">Althepus yizhuang Li &amp; Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="14" pageNumber="41">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 18, 19, 20, 22
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="41" type="types">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
Holotype: ♂, Indonesia, Sumatra, West Sumatra Province, Sijunjung, Padang Sibusuk Village, Bukit Ponggang Cave,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-0.7374166">00°44.245'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.83884">100°50.330'E</geoCoordinate>
, 278 m a.s.l., 27.V.2014, Z. Yao. Paratypes: 1♂2♀, same data as holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
The specific name is derived from the Chinese pinyin 'yi
<normalizedToken originalValue="zhuang">zhuang'</normalizedToken>
, which means
<normalizedToken originalValue="sigmoid">'sigmoid'</normalizedToken>
, referring to the sigmoid embolus (Figure 18); adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="42">
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="42" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Psilodercidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus yizhuang" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yizhuang">Althepus yizhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. can be distinguished from all other known species of the genus by the remarkably long and sigmoid embolus as well as by the absence of a conductor in males (Figure 18). Females are distinguished by inconspicuous spermathecae (Figure 19A).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="42">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="42">
Figure 18.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Psilodercidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus yizhuang" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yizhuang">Althepus yizhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B Palpal bulb, prolateral view C Palp, prolateral view D Palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CO conductor; EM embolus; CP cymbial protrusion; HS hook-shaped spine; SB serrated bristles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="42">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="42">
Male (holotype). Total length 3.13; carapace 1.00 length, 1.14 width; abdomen 1.80 length, 0.94 width. Carapace round, yellow, with triangular brown margins and a narrow, brown median line behind ocular area (Figure 19C). Anterior margin of cephalic region distinctly elevated. Clypeus brown. Cheliceral promargin with two teeth, followed by a lamina, retromargin with two small teeth (Figure 20J), posterior surface of fang with 16 small denticles. Labium brown. Sternum brown, with a triangular yellow patch in the middle. Abdomen elongate, with complex patterns dorsally and ventrally (Figure 19C). Legs brown. Leg measurements: I 24.39 (5.83, 0.43, 6.22, 9.68, 2.23), II 14.81 (3.85, 0.41, 3.85, 5.45, 1.25), III 9.85 (2.81, 0.40, 2.50, 3.20, 0.94), IV 14.47 (4.17, 0.41, 3.91, 4.81, 1.17). Male palp (Figure 18
<normalizedToken originalValue="AD">A-D</normalizedToken>
): tarsus with one hooked spine with tip directed proximally; cymbium slender (Figure 18C); bristles at the top of the cymbial protrusion (Figure 18A) as in
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hongguangi" pageId="15" pageNumber="42" rank="species" species="hongguangi">A. hongguangi</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n.; bulb bright yellow, ovate; embolus arising retrolatero-distally from bulb, bright yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="43" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
(one of the paratypes). Total length 3.13; carapace 0.85 length, 0.95 width; abdomen 1.90 length, 1.17 width. Similar to male in colour, general features and body size (Figure 19
<normalizedToken originalValue="DE">D-E</normalizedToken>
). Internal genitalia with inconspicuous spermathecae (Figure 19A). Leg measurements: I missing, II 11.57 (3.00, 0.35, 2.97, 4.00, 1.25), III 8.21 (2.34, 0.36, 2.10, 2.53, 0.88), IV 11.52 (3.20, 0.38, 3.20, 3.60, 1.14).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
Figure 19.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Psilodercidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus yizhuang" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yizhuang">Althepus yizhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n., male holotype and female paratype. A Internal genitalia, dorsal view B Female epigastric furrow, ventral view C Male habitus, dorsal view D Female habitus, dorsal view E Female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviation: SP spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="43" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">Males: carapace 1.00 length, 1.14-1.25 width; femur I 5.71-5.83 (holotype and paratypes with similar length).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">Indonesia. Known only from the type locality (Figure 22).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="43" type="natural history">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">Natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">Collected at a cave entrance at an altitude of 278 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="43" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">Remark.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Psilodercidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus yizhuang" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yizhuang">Althepus yizhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n., was labelled as &quot;sp. 84&quot; in the analysis of
<bibRefCitation author="Li, F" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2018.05.014" year="2018">Li and Li (2018)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
Figure 20. Cheliceral retromargin. A
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Psilodercidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus chengmenensis" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chengmenensis">Althepus chengmenensis</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. B
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. cheni" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="cheni">A. cheni</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. C
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. gouci" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="gouci">A. gouci</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. D
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hongguangi" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="hongguangi">A. hongguangi</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n., E
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. phousalao" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="phousalao">A. phousalao</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. F
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. qianhuang" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="qianhuang">A. qianhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. G
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. qingyuani" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="qingyuani">A. qingyuani</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. H
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sepakuensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="sepakuensis">A. sepakuensis</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. I
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. xuae" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="xuae">A. xuae</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. J
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. yizhuang" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="yizhuang">A. yizhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. Abbreviations: PT promarginal teeth; RT retromarginal teeth; CL cheliceral lamina.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
Figure 21. Known distribution of new
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Psilodercidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Althepus</taxonomicName>
species from Laos, Myanmar, and China. 1
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. chengmenensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="chengmenensis">A. chengmenensis</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 2
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. cheni" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="cheni">A. cheni</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 3
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. gouci" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="gouci">A. gouci</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 4
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. phousalao" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="phousalao">A. phousalao</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 5
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. xuae" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="xuae">A. xuae</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 6
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. qingyuani" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="qingyuani">A. qingyuani</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n..
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="43">
Figure 22. Known distribution of new
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Psilodercidae" genus="Althepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Althepus" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Althepus</taxonomicName>
species from Indonesia. 1
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hongguangi" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="hongguangi">A. hongguangi</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 2
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sepakuensis" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="sepakuensis">A. sepakuensis</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 3
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. yizhuang" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="yizhuang">A. yizhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n. 4
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. qianhuang" pageId="16" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="qianhuang">A. qianhuang</taxonomicName>
Li &amp; Li, sp. n..
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>