392 lines
46 KiB
XML
392 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="95B2054A6749F4AB89343FCA2AABA9C2" ID-CLB-Dataset="46900" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4067.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d2bf7a6-415a-4fb2-8c8f-12b79f8a400a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="257945" ID-ZooBank="1CC5D0E7-0B60-4E62-BACD-9775931ED7F9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460354321046" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Souto, Javier, Berning, Björn & Ostrovsky, Andrew N." docDate="2016" docId="862A8F25FF880C70FF65FC8E5D0C3C21" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4067.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4067 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Copidozoum obliquum Souto, Berning & Ostrovsky, 2016, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="821CCCC5-6F61-47D5-94DA-8C0DDABA0BE9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="410" masterDocId="7A13F75DFF8F0C79FFF2FF985F173879" masterDocTitle="Systematics and diversity of deep-water Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic)" masterLastPageNumber="459" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="408" updateTime="1698293824137" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="75C5A3A1C0CA8F4A4A0B02CB4930A4A0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0F874963783511B037B13991806A9DCC">
|
||
<mods:title id="635A9B4FC122E6FF7D33A0540E8F1A0D">Systematics and diversity of deep-water Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="A91DA5A31BFFA6326BFF0651BD05EECF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="56FD303DBF523E72043D79B55DA5FD33">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="BB7DA6FC684FD1A35F60B43F5820AE96">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A2746C2A68D4527B19E6F1485708BD5E">Souto, Javier</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="CCDE88BD6F2C1B40E7E44C23AD976F5D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="649C9689E74C7489B4EFF210667E0D42">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="DE7C70A7606BCDB34D84E721EB3490E2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="EE1BAEB0152A3ADF950CD9DDDAAB3A58">Berning, Björn</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="48922F9A8FABA6A0B8FE8579F556FA3A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F3E30142664707BDA6E66EEDFBEB656C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="CAAAC20238CDD5A348385D4FFD48354E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AC8A31DC6970E86EAC32CA1CD7662D47">Ostrovsky, Andrew N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8D41090B87D6EBAB554AAA799E4D9CF6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="357B521107E78D3154D95E8833599C7D" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="11BA7595A9509BBABD0A484C96638EBC">
|
||
<mods:title id="DCF1DE9BE7DB5B13363587CD618A6B65">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="4DAA9DF1E8146E1032379E716FB3D144">
|
||
<mods:date id="2DD1BBDD96CFD8A04D6647B4E4FDE72D">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="6E7BF7601D92C6A9EA36A9BBAFBFA054" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="DA4F8AA160F8F682F9B51C6E1FD30F1A">4067</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="02592C52F984E03830602A0661380F83" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="E26FEE1EFA8DF4FE9C0F18527E5EB8E5">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="837DC872E61E9C6AACE63E110D93B489" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="93519C3D600FE7594893A41FD471CD40">401</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="82C5336A8DA74AA76C48F6667B4ACA38">459</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="3C59512C9281161B373294C1E1DBED80">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="EEA333774693C623F462A842C5D83D15" type="CLB-Dataset">46900</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B726FF281493C141E0687D9A33171364" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4067.4.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="336570BAEB078C5EF40F097DA4625294" type="GBIF-Dataset">4d2bf7a6-415a-4fb2-8c8f-12b79f8a400a</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1F61D3964DC90346F3046850D339FC0C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="31C3B24DE0D3AD085A545E7CF419DC00" type="Zenodo-Dep">257945</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="575CEA58388AD61690045B2184016F07" type="ZooBank">1CC5D0E7-0B60-4E62-BACD-9775931ED7F9</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="862A8F25FF880C70FF65FC8E5D0C3C21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4547319" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119408647" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4547319" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:821CCCC5-6F61-47D5-94DA-8C0DDABA0BE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/862A8F25FF880C70FF65FC8E5D0C3C21" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<subSubSection id="46996DB8FF880C7EFF65FC8E5E6E3B28" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF65FC8E5EE43B49" blockId="7.[151,499,790,850]" box="[151,499,790,816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<heading id="5574895FFF880C7EFF65FC8E5EE43B49" bold="true" box="[151,499,790,816]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFF65FC8E5EE43B49" bold="true" box="[151,499,790,816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFF65FC8E5EBE3B49" box="[151,425,790,816]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFF65FC8E5EBE3B49" bold="true" box="[151,425,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF880C7EFE42FC8E5EE43B49" box="[432,499,790,816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF65FCA15E6E3B28" blockId="7.[151,499,790,850]" box="[151,377,825,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96B822B6FF880C7EFF6DFCA15E063B28" box="[159,273,825,850]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,851,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1436,851,1895]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 13. Copidozoum obliquum n. sp. (MNCN 25.03 / 3930): 9, general view of colony; 10, unbleached autozooids with opercula and frontal membranes preserved; 11, 12, zooids with ovicells and avicularia; 13, area of colony with zooidal cystids enclosing intramural buds." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257949/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Figs 9–13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="43010B88FF880C7EFEEFFCA15E663B28" box="[285,369,825,850]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,239,332,355]" captionTargetBox="[159,1302,382,742]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements (in mm) of Copidozoum obliquum n. sp." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5AFC6EBBFF870C71FF65FED45C75391A" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" tableUuid="5AFC6EBBFF870C71FF65FED45C75391A">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46996DB8FF880C7EFF65FC195CF13BC4" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF65FC195CF13BC4" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFF65FC195E973BE3" bold="true" box="[151,384,897,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="D1388091FF880C7EFE75FC195EF93BE3" box="[391,494,897,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFE75FC195EF93BE3" box="[391,494,897,922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="6892A6F6FF880C7EFE0EFC195D473BE0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[508,592,897,921]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">MNCN</collectionCode>
|
||
25.03/3929, locality DR02.
|
||
<typeStatus id="D1388091FF880C7EFC7DFC1A5B163BE0" box="[911,1025,898,921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFC7DFC1A5B163BE0" box="[911,1025,898,921]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="6892A6F6FF880C7EFBFDFC195B743BE0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[1039,1123,897,921]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">MNCN</collectionCode>
|
||
25.03/3930, locality DR05;
|
||
<collectionCode id="6892A6F6FF880C7EFF65FC3E5FFB3BC4" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[151,236,934,957]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="6892A6F6FF880C7EFF01FC3C5E0E3BC4" box="[243,281,932,957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">IB-</collectionCode>
|
||
2013-620, 621, locality DW117; OLL 2015/895, locality DR05.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46996DB8FF880C7EFF35FC515B433B9B" box="[199,1108,969,994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF35FC515B433B9B" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" box="[199,1108,969,994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFF35FC515E593B9B" bold="true" box="[199,334,969,994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFE64FC515EE13B9B" box="[406,502,969,994]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">obliquus</emphasis>
|
||
, oblique, alluding to the steeply inclined avicularium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46996DB8FF880C7EFF35FC755EC83E3F" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF35FC755FF83CA4" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFF35FC755E4E3C7F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1005,1030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony encrusting, unilaminar, multiserial. Zooids relatively broad, either oval or pyriform with greatest width midlength or in proximal third or quarter, opercular region slightly constricted, separated by narrow linear grooves; gymnocyst smooth, variably developed proximally, reduced to narrow band distolaterally; cryptocyst very narrow, coarsely granular band of usually constant width extending distally towards opercular region; opesia extensive, operculum not well sclerotised and almost indistinguishable from frontal membrane; 2, rarely 3, pairs of oral spines, a pair of distal spines situated below mural rim. Basal and mural pore-chambers present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF35FB715A763D33" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Ovicells hyperstomial, ooecium globular, wider than long, formed by distal kenozooid concealed from frontal view; ectooecium smooth, entirely calcified apart from 1–2 small oval areas (sometimes missing) near proximal margin, proximal rim variably thickened, sometimes prominent, its lateral parts adjoining oral zooidal spines.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF35FACD5B613E5B" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Avicularia interzooidal, distolateral to almost every zooid; cystid fairly erect, with gymnocystal walls variably developed proximally, distally extending vertically towards frontal area; rostrum inclined at varying angles to colony surface (sometimes>45°), pointing distolaterally, triangular, elongated, distally hooked; palatal foramen triangular, with round or sometimes pointed distal end, distally bordered by smooth cryptocyst; postmandibular opesia semicircular, bordered by well-developed pustulose cryptocystal shelf of constant width, terminated by pair of short, stout, triangular condyles with straight proximal margin and central depression.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF35F9B55EC83E3F" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" box="[199,479,1581,1606]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Ancestrula not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46996DB8FF880C70FF35F9C95D0C3C21" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF35F9C95EA23EC8" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFF35F9C95E2C3E13" bold="true" box="[199,315,1617,1642]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Three other species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFD46F9C95C563E13" box="[692,833,1617,1642]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFD46F9C95C563E13" box="[692,833,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are present in the bathyal NE Atlantic—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFAFCF9C95FE03EF4" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="magnum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFAFCF9C95FE03EF4" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum magnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF880C7EFEF1F9ED5EAA3EF7" author="Lopez-Fe" box="[259,445,1653,1678]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" refString="Lopez-Fe, C. M. (2006) Some bathyal cheilostome Bryozoa (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) from the Canary Islands (Spain, Eastern Atlantic), with descriptions of three new species, a new genus, and a new family. Journal of Natural History, 40, 1801 - 1812. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930601043763" type="journal article" year="2006">López-Fé, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFE3FF9ED5BDA3EF7" authority="Reverter-Gil & Fernandez-Pulpeiro, 1999" authorityName="Reverter-Gil & Fernandez-Pulpeiro" authorityYear="1999" box="[461,1229,1653,1678]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="balgimae">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFE3FF9ED5DD83EF7" box="[461,719,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum balgimae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF880C7EFD2EF9ED5BDA3EF7" author="Reverter-Gil" box="[732,1229,1653,1678]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" refString="Reverter-Gil, O. & Fernandez-Pulpeiro, E. (1999 b) Some little-known species of Bryozoa described by J. Jullien. Journal of Natural History, 33, 1403 - 1418. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 002229399299941" type="journal article" year="1999" yearSuffix="b">Reverter-Gil & Fernández-Pulpeiro, 1999b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFAFCF9ED5EA63EC8" authority="Barroso, 1920" authorityName="Barroso" authorityYear="1920" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="exiguum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFAFCF9ED5FE13EC8" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum exiguum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF880C7EFEF6F9015EBF3EC8" author="Barroso" box="[260,424,1689,1713]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" refString="Barroso, M. G. (1920) Notas sobre briozoos espanoles. VIII. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 20, 353 - 362." type="journal article" year="1920">Barroso, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C7EFF35F9255EAA3FD7" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFF35F9255EDF3EAF" box="[199,456,1725,1750]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFF35F9255EDF3EAF" box="[199,456,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF880C7EFE23F9255D043EAF" box="[465,531,1725,1750]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFE23F9255D043EAF" bold="true" box="[465,531,1725,1750]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be distinguished from all of these species by the presence of two to three pairs of oral spines, and by its entirely calcified ectooecium. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFC8FF97A5B1E3E83" box="[893,1033,1761,1786]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="balgimae">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFC8FF97A5B1E3E83" box="[893,1033,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">C. balgimae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Strait of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76947EA3FF880C7EFB14F9795A5A3E83" box="[1254,1357,1761,1786]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, mural spines are absent and the ectooecium is uncalcified to a large extent, exposing granular endooecium.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFAFCF89D5FE03F38" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="magnum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFAFCF89D5FE03F38" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum magnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from the Canary Islands, is characterised by its larger zooid size and only a single pair of oral spines. While
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFECAF8D65ED43F1F" box="[312,451,1869,1894]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFECAF8D65ED43F1F" box="[312,451,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">C. obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF880C7EFE3EF8D55D1C3F1F" box="[460,523,1869,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFE3EF8D55D1C3F1F" bold="true" box="[460,523,1869,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFD05F8D65C6F3F1C" box="[759,888,1870,1893]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="exiguum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFD05F8D65C6F3F1C" box="[759,888,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">C. exiguum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the overall morphology of autozooids, ovicells and avicularia, the latter species has 9–14 mural spines and a crescentic membranous area on the proximal margin of the ectooecium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF880C71FF35F8215A8B3965" blockId="7.[151,1437,897,2038]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
||
Ovicells in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFE4AF8215D523FAB" box="[440,581,1977,2002]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFE4AF8215D523FAB" box="[440,581,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Copidozoum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are described as having an ectooecium that is partly or largely membranous. Nevertheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFECBF8465ED03F8F" box="[313,455,2013,2038]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFECBF8465ED03F8F" box="[313,455,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">C. obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF880C7EFE23F8455D043F8F" box="[465,531,2013,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFE23F8455D043F8F" bold="true" box="[465,531,2013,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFDA2F8465DC33F8C" box="[592,724,2014,2037]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="magnum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFDA2F8465DC33F8C" box="[592,724,2014,2037]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">C. magnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the ectooecium totally calcified, and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF880C7EFB1EF8465A673F8C" box="[1260,1392,2014,2037]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="exiguum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF880C7EFB1EF8465A673F8C" box="[1260,1392,2014,2037]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">C. exiguum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the membranous area is much reduced. It may be noted that the ectoooecium in the new species often has small, oval, non-calcified areas near its proximal margin that are the remnants of the membranous window presumably existing early in ovicellogenesis. The outline of such a window is seen in the two distalmost ooecia in
|
||
<figureCitation id="96B822B6FF870C71FACAFF475A953881" box="[1336,1410,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 5" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1431,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,301,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,301,1410]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 5. ‘ Anasca’ incertae sedis: 2, encrusting colony phase with repaired zooids and an attachment structure of the potential erect colony phase (arrow) (MNCN 25.03 / 3922); 3, parts of the encrusting colony phase (MNCN 25.03 / 3923); 4, lateral branching and kenozooids (MNCN 25.03 / 3922); 5, close-up of autozooid (MNCN 25.03 / 3922)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257947/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A. Nevertheless, an analogous situation has been previously described in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF870C71FBEBFE9C5A8F3965" authority="Ostrovsky et al. 2009" authorityName="Ostrovsky et al." authorityYear="2009" box="[1049,1432,260,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Callopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FBEBFE9C5B9B3964" box="[1049,1164,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Callopora</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF870C71FB68FE9C5A873965" author="Ostrovsky" box="[1178,1424,260,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" refString="Ostrovsky, A. N., Nielsen, C., Vavra, N. & Yagunova, E. B. (2009) Diversity of the brooding structures in calloporid bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomata): comparative anatomy and evolutionary trends. Zoomorphology, 128, 13 - 35. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00435 - 008 - 0070 - 8" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ostrovsky
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FAE7FE9D5A523964" box="[1301,1349,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5AFC6EBBFF870C71FF65FED45C75391A" ID-Table-UUID="5AFC6EBBFF870C71FF65FED45C75391A" box="[151,866,332,355]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5AFC6EBBFF870C71FF65FED45C75391A" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" targetBox="[159,1302,382,742]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF870C71FF65FED45C75391A" blockId="8.[151,866,332,355]" box="[151,866,332,355]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FF65FED45E1E391A" bold="true" box="[151,265,332,355]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (in mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF870C71FDDFFED45C09391A" box="[557,798,332,355]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FDDFFED45C09391A" box="[557,798,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Copidozoum obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF870C71FCD7FED45C75391A" box="[805,866,332,355]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF870C71FDA0FEE75A1E3A9F" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<table id="7C83CC93FF87F386FF6DFEE65A013A9F" box="[159,1302,382,742]" gridcols="6" gridrows="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFEE65A0139ED" box="[159,1302,382,404]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FEE65D9B39ED" box="[594,652,382,404]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Mean</th>
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFEE65C5439ED" box="[764,835,382,404]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">SD</th>
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FEE65B1B39ED" box="[935,1036,382,404]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Minimum</th>
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FEE65BAC39ED" box="[1106,1211,382,404]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Maximum</th>
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFEE65A0139ED" box="[1276,1302,382,404]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">N</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFE325A0139B9" box="[159,1302,426,448]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFE325E7539B9" box="[159,354,426,448]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Autozooid length</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FE325D9B39B9" box="[594,652,426,448]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.635</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFE325C5439B9" box="[764,835,426,448]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.0929</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FE325B1B39B9" box="[935,1036,426,448]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.447</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FE325BAC39B9" box="[1106,1211,426,448]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.784</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFE325A0139B9" box="[1276,1302,426,448]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFE4C5A013993" box="[159,1302,468,490]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFE4C5E753993" box="[159,354,468,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Autozooid width</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FE4C5D9B3993" box="[594,652,468,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.494</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFE4C5C543993" box="[764,835,468,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.0624</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FE4C5B1B3993" box="[935,1036,468,490]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.383</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FE4C5BAC3993" box="[1106,1211,468,490]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.575</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFE4C5A013993" box="[1276,1302,468,490]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFE665A013A6D" box="[159,1302,510,532]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFE665E753A6D" box="[159,354,510,532]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Opesia length</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FE665D9B3A6D" box="[594,652,510,532]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.520</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFE665C543A6D" box="[764,835,510,532]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.0773</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FE665B1B3A6D" box="[935,1036,510,532]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.347</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FE665BAC3A6D" box="[1106,1211,510,532]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.633</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFE665A013A6D" box="[1276,1302,510,532]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFDB05A013A47" box="[159,1302,552,574]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFDB05E753A47" box="[159,354,552,574]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Opesia width</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FDB05D9B3A47" box="[594,652,552,574]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.432</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFDB05C543A47" box="[764,835,552,574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.1140</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FDB05B1B3A47" box="[935,1036,552,574]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.313</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FDB05BAC3A47" box="[1106,1211,552,574]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.691</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFDB05A013A47" box="[1276,1302,552,574]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFDCA5A013A11" box="[159,1302,594,616]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFDCA5E753A11" box="[159,354,594,616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Ooecium length</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FDCA5D9B3A11" box="[594,652,594,616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.188</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFDCA5C543A11" box="[764,835,594,616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.0104</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FDCA5B1B3A11" box="[935,1036,594,616]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.177</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FDCA5BAC3A11" box="[1106,1211,594,616]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.202</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFDCA5A013A11" box="[1276,1302,594,616]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFDE45A013AEB" box="[159,1302,636,658]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFDE45E753AEB" box="[159,354,636,658]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Ooecium width</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FDE45D9B3AEB" box="[594,652,636,658]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.233</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFDE45C543AEB" box="[764,835,636,658]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.0130</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FDE45B1B3AEB" box="[935,1036,636,658]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.218</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FDE45BAC3AEB" box="[1106,1211,636,658]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.247</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFDE45A013AEB" box="[1276,1302,636,658]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFD3E5A013AC5" box="[159,1302,678,700]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFD3E5E753AC5" box="[159,354,678,700]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Avicularium length</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FD3E5D9B3AC5" box="[594,652,678,700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.317</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFD3E5C543AC5" box="[764,835,678,700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.0163</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FD3E5B1B3AC5" box="[935,1036,678,700]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.301</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FD3E5BAC3AC5" box="[1106,1211,678,700]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.347</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFD3E5A013AC5" box="[1276,1302,678,700]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B0B33C71FF87F386FF6DFD485A013A9F" box="[159,1302,720,742]" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<th id="F362550DFF87F386FF6DFD485E753A9F" box="[159,354,720,742]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Avicularium width</th>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FDA0FD485D9B3A9F" box="[594,652,720,742]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.154</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FD0EFD485C543A9F" box="[764,835,720,742]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.0197</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FC55FD485B1B3A9F" box="[935,1036,720,742]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.119</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FBA0FD485BAC3A9F" box="[1106,1211,720,742]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">0.172</td>
|
||
<td id="F362550DFF87F386FB0EFD485A013A9F" box="[1276,1302,720,742]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF870C70FF65FC925D163881" blockId="8.[151,710,778,801]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1112]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">SD, standard deviation; N, number of measurements The entirely calcified ectooecium in two species makes it necessary to amend the description of the ectooecium in the generic diagnosis as follows: ovicell with the ectooecium partly or largely membranous, or sometimes completely calcified.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5AFC6EBBFF870C71FF65F8E45EE53FB6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257949/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" targetBox="[150,1435,851,1894]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF870C71FF65F8E45EE53FB6" blockId="8.[151,1436,1916,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FF65F8E45E5E3FEB" bold="true" box="[151,329,1916,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">FIGURES 9–13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF870C71FEA0F8E45D2D3FEB" box="[338,570,1916,1938]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FEA0F8E45D2D3FEB" box="[338,570,1916,1938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Copidozoum obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF870C71FDB1F8E45D693FEB" box="[579,638,1916,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FDB1F8E45D693FEB" bold="true" box="[579,638,1916,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(MNCN 25.03/3930):
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FC9DF8E45C963FEB" bold="true" box="[879,897,1916,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">9,</emphasis>
|
||
general view of colony;
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FB78F8E45BBE3FEB" bold="true" box="[1162,1193,1916,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">10,</emphasis>
|
||
unbleached autozooids with opercula and frontal membranes preserved;
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FD61F8025DC03FC9" bold="true" box="[659,727,1946,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">11, 12,</emphasis>
|
||
zooids with ovicells and avicularia;
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF870C71FBA5F8025B603FC9" bold="true" box="[1111,1143,1946,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">13,</emphasis>
|
||
area of colony with zooidal cystids enclosing intramural buds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF860C70FF35FE9D5B8539D4" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
|
||
We should also add that, despite most of the ooecia in our material being formed by the distal kenozooid, it is still possible that some of them are formed by the distal autozooid. For example, both of these variants can be simultaneously present in the calloporid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FD9BFED45C5D391C" box="[617,842,332,357]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Callopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="craticula">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FD9BFED45C5D391C" box="[617,842,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Callopora craticula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF860C70FCA9FED45B4F391D" author="Ostrovsky" box="[859,1112,332,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" refString="Ostrovsky, A. N., Nielsen, C., Vavra, N. & Yagunova, E. B. (2009) Diversity of the brooding structures in calloporid bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomata): comparative anatomy and evolutionary trends. Zoomorphology, 128, 13 - 35. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00435 - 008 - 0070 - 8" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ostrovsky
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FC2BFED55B1A391C" box="[985,1037,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF860C70FB94FED45A08391D" author="Ostrovsky" box="[1126,1311,332,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" refString="Ostrovsky, A. N. (2013) Evolution of Sexual Reproduction in Marine Invertebrates: Example of gymnolaemate Bryozoa. Springer Verlag, Dordrecht, 356 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 007 - 7146 - 8" type="book" year="2013">Ostrovsky 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The tight apposition of the ooecium to the distal autozooid in the central part of the colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FBACFEE85BFC39F1" box="[1118,1259,367,392]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FBACFEE85BFC39F1" box="[1118,1259,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">C. obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF860C70FB01FEF75A2439F1" box="[1267,1331,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FB01FEF75A2439F1" bold="true" box="[1267,1331,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
makes it impossible to determine the precise
|
||
<typeStatus id="D1388091FF860C70FDD8FE0D5D4D39D4" box="[554,602,405,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of ooecial formation without sectioning, however.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF860C70FF35FE2F5C1E3AFC" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
|
||
All species mentioned above occupy similar habitats, occurring between
|
||
<quantity id="C97B93D6FF860C70FBD7FE205BCF39B6" box="[1061,1240,440,464]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1200.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="200.0">200 to 2200 m</quantity>
|
||
, and are usually recorded encrusting the coral
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FE10FE445D51398C" box="[482,582,476,501]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Lophelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FE10FE445D51398C" box="[482,582,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Lophelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FD98FE445DFF398C" box="[618,744,476,501]" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Madrepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FD98FE445DFF398C" box="[618,744,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Madrepora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g. Harmelin & d’Hondt 1992;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF860C70FBACFE445A3D398D" author="Zabala" box="[1118,1322,476,501]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" refString="Zabala, M., Maluquer, P. & Harmelin, J. - G. (1993) Epibiotic bryozoans on deep-water scleractinian corals from the Catalonia slope (western Mediterranean, Spain, France). Scientia Marina, 57, 65 - 78." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
Zabala
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FB43FE455BF5398C" box="[1201,1250,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF860C70FAC7FE445E5B3A61" author="Hayward" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" refString="Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (1998) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 1. Aeteoidea - Cribrilinoidea. Synopses of the British Fauna, n. s., 10, 1 - 366." type="journal article" year="1998">Hayward & Ryland 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). On Galicia Bank,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FDC6FD985DD53A61" box="[564,706,511,536]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FDC6FD985DD53A61" box="[564,706,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">C. obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF860C70FD3EFE675C1A3A61" box="[716,781,511,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FD3EFE675C1A3A61" bold="true" box="[716,781,511,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was found to be relatively frequent (88 colonies) and at almost all of the sampling stations, occurring between 779 and
|
||
<quantity id="C97B93D6FF860C70FCA5FDBC5CBB3A45" box="[855,940,548,572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.313" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" unit="m" value="1313.0">1313 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. At five of these localities it coexisted with its congener
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FEAFFDD05ECA3A19" box="[349,477,584,608]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="exiguum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FEAFFDD05ECA3A19" box="[349,477,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">C. exiguum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FE18FDDF5DFF3A19" box="[490,744,583,608]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FE18FDDF5DFF3A19" box="[490,744,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Copidozoum obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF860C70FD1DFDDF5C3A3A19" box="[751,813,583,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FD1DFDDF5C3A3A19" bold="true" box="[751,813,583,608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was found encrusting corals and rocks in roughly equal numbers as well as shells of balanids in some instances.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E3C3E33FF860C70FF35FD085D0C3C21" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
|
||
One or more intramural buds were observed within the cystids of numerous zooids and avicularia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C98345B0FF860C70FA70FD085E163AB4" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Copidozoum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FA70FD085E163AB4" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">C. obliquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27C45F5AFF860C70FEF9FD2C5E5A3AB4" box="[267,333,692,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FEF9FD2C5E5A3AB4" bold="true" box="[267,333,692,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Although the decisive factors inducing the formation of intramural buds are unkown, they are usually interpreted to follow upon death of a zooid caused by accidental damage or partial predation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF860C70FAF5FD4F5FE23B6D" author="McKinney" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" refString="McKinney, F. K., Taylor, P. D. & Lidgard, S. (2003) Predation on bryozoans and its reflection in the fossil record. In: Kelley, P. H., Kowalewski, M. & Hansen, T. A. (Eds), Predator-Prey Interactions in the Fossil Record. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 239 - 261." type="book chapter" year="2003">
|
||
McKinney
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF7E221FF860C70FA7AFD415FBA3B6C" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A1243C2FF860C70FEF3FD645E8A3B6D" author="Berning" box="[257,413,764,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" refString="Berning, B. (2008) Evidence for sublethal predation and regeneration among living and fossil ascophoran bryozoans. In: Hageman, S. J, Key, M. M. Jr. & Winston, J. E. (Eds), Bryozoan Studies 2007. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication, 15, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="2008">Berning 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although partial starvation of the colony has to be considered as well (J.-G. Harmelin pers. comm. 2008). With their relatively unprotected and exposed frontal membrane, zooids of anascan cheilostomes are especially vulnerable to damage by mobile benthic organisms and saltational transport of sediment particles. Differential damage of avicularia and autozooids, however, suggests that the intramural buds were formed in response to partial predation. Whereas the skeletons of first-formed autozooids are usually intact, the cystids of the much smaller avicularia, in which intramural buds were formed, are often damaged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="96B822B6FF860C70FBA1FC375BC63BB1" box="[1107,1233,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,851,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[150,1436,851,1895]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 13. Copidozoum obliquum n. sp. (MNCN 25.03 / 3930): 9, general view of colony; 10, unbleached autozooids with opercula and frontal membranes preserved; 11, 12, zooids with ovicells and avicularia; 13, area of colony with zooidal cystids enclosing intramural buds." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257949/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Fig. 12, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). This pattern can hardly be explained by accidental damage or starvation but may be caused by the size of mouthparts used in feeding by the predator, such as the radula of nudibranch gastropods. While cystids of autozooids are large enough for the predator to feed on without damaging the skeletal walls, the radula may break the distinctly smaller avicularian cystids during feeding.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |