194 lines
17 KiB
XML
194 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.142.1709" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5add9f68-4150-4e7a-95ef-551738fcc077" ID-PMC="PMC3208529" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-142-27" ID-PubMed="22144862" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-142-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 142" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the new world genus Crassomicrodus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae), with an identification key to species" checkinTime="1451249732328" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Figueroa, Jose Isaac, Sharkey, Michael Joseph, Napoles, Jesus Romero, Garcia, Jose Antonio Sanchez, Martinez, Ana Mabel, Lopez-Martinez, Victor & Pineda, Samuel" docDate="2011" docId="58F032431E4E1EDE65D40D9205F1D77F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 142: 27-75" docOrigin="ZooKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.142.1709" docTitle="Crassomicrodus melanopleurus Ashmead 1894" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FF9792133529AF515140FFF0FC345E5E" masterDocTitle="Revision of the new world genus Crassomicrodus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae), with an identification key to species" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1668152527719" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the new world genus Crassomicrodus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae), with an identification key to species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Figueroa, Jose Isaac</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sharkey, Michael Joseph</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Napoles, Jesus Romero</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Garcia, Jose Antonio Sanchez</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Martinez, Ana Mabel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lopez-Martinez, Victor</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pineda, Samuel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>75</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.142.1709</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.142.1709</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-142-27</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152031781" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:58F032431E4E1EDE65D40D9205F1D77F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/58F032431E4E1EDE65D40D9205F1D77F" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="17" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Crassomicrodus_melanopleurus" authority="Ashmead, 1894" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus melanopleurus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopleurus">Crassomicrodus melanopleurus (Ashmead, 1894)</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–e">a-e</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Chilodontidae" genus="Microdus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdus melanopleurus" order="Characiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleurus">Microdus melanopleurus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="44">Ashmead 1894</bibRefCitation>
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: 125 [Examined]. Syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="44" type="holotype male">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="44">Holotype male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="44">San Jose del Cabo. Cat. No. 223 (CAS)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" type="description female">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="44">Description female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="17" pageNumber="44">
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Body. Length. 6.10-7.75 mm. Color (Fig. 8e).Integument yellowish orange except ocelli translucent yellow reddish; antenna brown or black; eye, apical area of mandible and sometimes apical area of hind tibia and tarsomeres blackish; sometimes head and propleuron black; wing veins dark brown; forewing infumate with a hyaline spot on the first submarginal cell that is bigger than parastigma, sometimes forewing slightly infumate without distinguished the hyaline spot. Head (Fig. 8ab). Transverse in frontal view; face without longitudinal ridge dorsomedially; eye height/width = 1.38-1.39; eye height 0.67
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.69×">-0.69x</normalizedToken>
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inter-ocular distance; area between antennal sockets with a median pyramidal-shaped elevation and two weakly defined tubercles; frons excavated with a pair of microfoveolate grooves that diverge towards the ocellar area; posterior area of antennal sockets smooth; groove between lateral ocelli smooth; median ocellus separated from lateral ocellus by smooth groove; gena bulging; malar space 0.48
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.57×">-0.57x</normalizedToken>
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as long as eye height; clypeus 2.40
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2.55×">-2.55x</normalizedToken>
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wider than high; length of ventrolateral margin of clypeus similar to diameter of tentorial pit; antenna with 35-38 flagellomeres; setae at base of mandible distinctly longer than setae on rest of body surface. Mesosoma (Fig. 8cde). Pronotum smooth; lateral pronotal margins with weakly crenulate groove; notauli impressed; anterolateral edges of scutellum lacking small acute projection; scutellar disc convex with sparse setae from 0.09 to 0.11 mm in length; scutellar disc sloped posteriorly and rounded; lateral scutellar depression smooth with punctures on the ventral margin; carinae of central metanotal area forming a triangular cell; propodeum reticulate rugulose, sometimes rugose; subalar lobe separated from mesopleuron by narrow rugulose groove, width distinctly shor
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="45" start="start">ter</pageBreakToken>
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than the subalar lobe; ventral three-fourths of metapleuron reticulate rugulose, remainder with punctures. Legs. Inner spur of middle tibia 0.77
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.86×">-0.86x</normalizedToken>
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length of basitarsus; inner spur of hind tibia 0.60
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.72×">-0.72x</normalizedToken>
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length of basitarsus; metabasitarsus 1.11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.19×">-1.19x</normalizedToken>
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length of tarsomeres III, IV, and V combined; hind tibia 2.17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2.38×">-2.38x</normalizedToken>
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longer than basitarsus; hind femur length 3.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3.85×">-3.85x</normalizedToken>
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its maximum width. Wings. Forewing length/width = 2.72-2.76; stigma 3.43
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3.55×">-3.55x</normalizedToken>
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longer than maximum width; forewing vein R1 0.61
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.67×">-0.67x</normalizedToken>
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as long as vein RS; vein RS not sinuate; vein r arising before middle of stigma; second submarginal cell triangular, with petiole 0.07-0.15 mm long; vein M+CU distinctly pigmented throughout; hind wing length/width = 3.60-4.10; hind wing vein 1M 1.55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.85×">-1.85x</normalizedToken>
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longer than 1r-m; hind wing with 5-8 hamuli. Metasoma. Apical width of petiole (tergum 1) 3.00
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3.70×">-3.70x</normalizedToken>
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wider than basal width; minimum width of petiole 0.54
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.56×">-0.56x</normalizedToken>
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apical width; length of ovipositor sheath 0.20-0.33 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="45" type="male">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Similar to female except color as follows: head, propleuron, mesopleuron, metapleuron, propodeum, coxa and trochanters black; sometimes coloration similar to female.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="45" type="host">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Host.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Unknown.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">
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Figure 8.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus melanopleurus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopleurus">Crassomicrodus melanopleurus</taxonomicName>
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. Female a anterior view of head, arrows indicate a median pyramidal-shaped elevation with two weakly defined tubercles ventrolateral margin of clypeus, and tentorial pit b dorsal view of head, arrow indicates frons excavated with a pair of microfoveolate grooves c lateral view of mesosoma d dorsal view of mesosoma, arrow indicates impressed notauli e female habitus, arrow indicates inner spur of hind tibia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Mexico and USA.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">
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Distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Crassomicrodus</taxonomicName>
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species by the following combination of characters: area between antennal sockets with a median pyramidal-shaped elevation, head transverse in frontal view, gena bulging, inner spur of middle tibia 0.77
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.86×">-0.86x</normalizedToken>
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length of basitarsus; inner spur of hind tibia 0.60
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.72×">-0.72x</normalizedToken>
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length of basitarsus, and body mostly yellowish orange with wings infumate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="45" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">
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This species is difficult to circumscribe, the head shape and general coloration have a wide range of variation. We found some specimens with the head triangular in frontal view but they have the forewing infumate with a hyaline spot on the first submarginal cell, that occupies most of the space of the cell.
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<bibRefCitation author="Muesebeck, CFW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="37" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 73" title="A revision of the parasitic wasps of the subfamily Braconinae occurring in America North of Mexico." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.69-2642.1" volume="69" year="1927">Muesebeck (1927)</bibRefCitation>
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suggested that the species could represent males of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus fulvescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvescens">Crassomicrodus fulvescens</taxonomicName>
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. However the type of
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<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Chilodontidae" genus="Microdus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdus melanopleurus" order="Characiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleurus">Microdus melanopleurus</taxonomicName>
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does not correspond to the characters of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus fulvescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvescens">Crassomicrodus fulvescens</taxonomicName>
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, therefore we consider it to be a valid species.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus melanopleurus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopleurus">Crassomicrodus melanopleurus</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus fulvescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvescens">Crassomicrodus fulvescens</taxonomicName>
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, but differs in that
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Crassomicrodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassomicrodus fulvescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvescens">Crassomicrodus fulvescens</taxonomicName>
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has the gena distinctly bulging; frons deeply excavated; lateral scutellar depression rugose and foveolate; carinae of central metanotal defining an almost circular cell; inner spur of middle tibia 0.54
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.58×">-0.58x</normalizedToken>
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length of basitarsus; inner spur of hind tibia 0.48
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.54×">-0.54x</normalizedToken>
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length of basitarsus; and metapleuron completely reticulate-rugose.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="45">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="18" pageNumber="45">
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Holotype ♂: MEXICO, San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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del Cabo (CAS).
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<taxonomicName genus="Other" lsidName="Other specimens subsp. examined" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" rank="subSpecies" species="specimens" subSpecies="examined">Other specimens examined</taxonomicName>
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.- MEXICO, San Luis
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
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: K398, 25 miles N Tamazuncha, 1 ♂ 21/VIII/1960, Howden H. (CNC). USA, California: 15 miles E Baker, Cronese Wash, San Bernardino Co., 1 ♀ 3 ♂ 17/IV/1981, Pulawski W.J. (CAS); 15 miles W Baker, San Bernardino Co., 7 ♀ y 7 ♂ 17/IV/1981, Bohart R.M. (UCDC). Banning, Riverside Co., 2 ♂ 2/VII/1952, Grigarick A.A.; 1 ♂ 2/VII/1952, Mathis H.L.; 2 ♀ 27/VI/1952, Evans E.M.; 1 ♀ 27/VII/1952, Barcus D.E.; 1 ♀ 27/VI/1952, Miyagawa
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="46" start="start">S</pageBreakToken>
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.; 1 ♂ 28/VI/1952, Miyagawa S. (UCDC); 1 ♂ 28/VI/1952, Nakata J.H.; 1 ♂ 16/VII/1950, Adelson B. (USNM). Cronese Valley, San Bernardino Co., 1 ♂ 3/IV/1953, MacSwain J.W. (EMEC); 3 ♀ 4 ♂ 25/IV/1978, Smith N.J. (UCDC); 1 ♂ 25/IV/1978, Smith N.J. (USNM). Del Puerto Cyn, Stanislaus Co., 1 ♂ 12/VI/1978, Bohart R.M. (UCDC). Palm Springs Sta. Riverside Co., 5 ♂ 22/VII/1952, Menn J.J.; 1 ♀ y 3 ♂ 21/VII/1952, MacSwain J.W.; 1 ♂ 6/VII/1975, Linsley E.G. & J.M. Linsley (EMEC); 1 ♂ 22/VII/1952, Menn J.J. (HIC); 1 ♂ 19/V/1941, Knull D.J. & J.N. Knull (OSU); 4 ♀ 22/VII/1952, Barcus D.E. (UCDC); 1 ♀ y 2 ♂ 22/VII/1952, Menn J.J.; 1 ♂ 21/VII/1952, Thompson D.S.; 1 ♂ 22/VII/1952, Barcus D.E. (USNM). Tanbark Flat, Los Angeles Co., 2 ♀ 26/VI/1952, Anderson R.L.; Tanbark Flat, Los Angeles Co., 1 ♂ 12/VII/1952, Grigarick A.A. (UCDC); 1 ♂ 23/VII/1952, Evans E.M. (USNM). Tracy, San Joaquin Co., 1 ♂ 27/VII/1950, MacSwain J.W. (EMEC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |