443 lines
58 KiB
XML
443 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="38FA5E2E824947B92615A13C78D128F4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.200377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f835bed3-25a0-4d43-bcc9-ecf7cd94dea4" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="200377" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459808739264" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alderslade, Philip & S, Catherine" docDate="2007" docId="03F48A48FF925D40FF2DFF72D98835E3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01400p044.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1400" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Acrossota amboinensis Burchardt 1902, n. comb." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFCDF230FF905D48FFBAFFE5DD7F3539" masterDocTitle="Pinnuleless polyps: a new genus and new species of IndoPacific Clavulariidae and validation of the soft coral genus Acrossota and the family Acrossotidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia)" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698220766195" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C0687862017945AC7F96E400D3BA8561">Pinnuleless polyps: a new genus and new species of IndoPacific Clavulariidae and validation of the soft coral genus Acrossota and the family Acrossotidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FA60EE45E3011AD62D07BD11761F039E">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B51FAF7B69A87C16A8819C0DB48C0BE5">S, Catherine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CFEDFEADC856272B212DF463C6AE08C1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B61B06A13B6AE0224DA19669C1E58CCB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AB0494C834D03E7DCDE28CF07F9CBEED">
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<mods:date id="7867DFF0879C7FC332A92E8574B7E8A7">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F48A48FF925D40FF2DFF72D98835E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6249863" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119353330" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6249863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F48A48FF925D40FF2DFF72D98835E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F48A48FF925D40FF2DFF72D98835E3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="C34768D5FF925D4AFF2DFF72DED93588" box="[151,934,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF2DFF72DED93588" blockId="2.[151,934,151,177]" box="[151,934,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="D0AA8C32FF925D4AFF2DFF72DED93588" bold="true" box="[151,934,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF2DFF72DED93588" bold="true" box="[151,934,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFF2DFF72DFEB3588" ID-CoL="9PRG" authority="Burchardt, 1902" authorityName="Burchardt" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,660,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF2DFF72DCD23588" bold="true" box="[151,429,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Acrossota amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFE01FF72DFF43588" author="Burchardt" box="[443,651,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Burchardt, E. (1902) Alcyonaceen von Thursday Island (Torres-Strasse) und von Amboina, II. Jenaische Denkchriften fur Medizinsch-naturwessen-schaftliche Gessellschaft zu Jena, 8, 655 - 682, pls 54 - 57." type="journal article" year="1902">Burchardt, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5A37FF925D4AFD21FF72DE793588" box="[667,774,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFCAFFF72DE003588" box="[789,895,151,177]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,255,1681,1705]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1981,2005]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,255,1638,1662]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,255,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox-0="[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetBox-1="[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetBox-2="[265,1321,194,1613]" captionTargetBox-3="[266,1321,194,1577]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[265,1322,194,1614]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[266,1321,194,1578]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, with syntype of Nephthea amboinensis, life size; B, some polyps magnified." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, B, closeups of main portions of colony." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13618: A, colony; B, tentacular region of a polyp; C, closeup of B; D, oral region of a polyp with partly invaginated tentacles." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13626: A, main portion of attached colony; B, unattached colony fragment; C, dissected polyp." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/200378/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/200379/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/200380/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/200381/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFC34FF72DEE23588" box="[910,925,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[280,1306,514,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[280,1307,514,1949]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb.: A, NTM C 15379 in life; B, NTM C 13626 in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200385/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">8</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34768D5FF925D4AFF2DFF07D98F3485" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF2DFF07DC4E3460" blockId="2.[151,1439,226,444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4D1C70FF925D4AFF2DFF07DC4E3460" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFF2DFF07DFFF35C0" authority="Burchardt, 1902: 657" authorityName="Burchardt" authorityPageNumber="657" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,640,226,249]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis">
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<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF2DFF07DCE935C0" box="[151,406,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Clavularia amboinensis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFE26FF07DFFF35C0" author="Burchardt" box="[412,640,226,249]" page="657" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1902">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFE26FF07DF3235C0" author="Burchardt" box="[412,589,226,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Burchardt, E. (1902) Alcyonaceen von Thursday Island (Torres-Strasse) und von Amboina, II. Jenaische Denkchriften fur Medizinsch-naturwessen-schaftliche Gessellschaft zu Jena, 8, 655 - 682, pls 54 - 57." type="journal article" year="1902">Burchardt, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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: 657
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–658, pl. 56, fig. 1;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFCEAFF07D95035C0" author="Kuekenthal" box="[848,1071,226,249]" page="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1906">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFCEAFF07D97435C0" author="Kuekenthal" box="[848,1035,226,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Kuekenthal, W. (1906) Alcyonacea. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tieffsee-Expedition auf dem " Valdivia " 1898 - 1899, 43, 1, 1 - 111, pls 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1906">Kuekenthal 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 11
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in a list of species proposed to be transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFEDBFEE7DCC43420" ID-CoL="84LFV" box="[353,443,258,281]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Anthelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFEDBFEE7DCC43420" box="[353,443,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Anthelia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFE6FFEE7DFE73420" author="Molander" box="[469,664,258,281]" page="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1921">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFE6FFEE7DF003420" author="Molander" box="[469,639,258,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Molander, A. R. (1921) Alcyonarien von Madagaskar. Arkiv For Zoologi 14 (2), 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1921">Molander 1921</bibRefCitation>
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: 3
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
–5 (included in a list of, and key to, species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFB1FFEE7D9803420" ID-CoL="84LFV" box="[1189,1279,258,281]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Anthelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFB1FFEE7D9803420" box="[1189,1279,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Anthelia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFAA3FEE7DC153400" author="Thomson" page="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1931">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFAA3FEE7DC3D3400" author="Thomson" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Dean, L. (1931) The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga Expedite 13 d, 1 - 227, pls 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson & Dean 1931</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 20
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(comments that it is a species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFD5FFEC7DE403400" ID-CoL="84LFV" box="[741,831,290,313]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Anthelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFD5FFEC7DE403400" box="[741,831,290,313]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Anthelia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFCE3FEC7D9553400" author="Utinomi" box="[857,1066,290,313]" page="195" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1951">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFCE3FEC7DE8A3400" author="Utinomi" box="[857,1013,290,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" refString="Utinomi, H. (1951) Asterospicularia laurae, n. gen. et n. sp., the type of a new family of alcyonarians with stellate spicules. Pacific Science, 5, 2, 190 - 196." type="journal article" year="1951">Utinomi 1951</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 195
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(comments that it is a species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFF7DFEA7DC5E3460" ID-CoL="84LFV" box="[199,289,322,345]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Anthelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF7DFEA7DC5E3460" box="[199,289,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Anthelia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF2DFE87DE9F34A0" blockId="2.[151,1439,226,444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4D1C70FF925D4AFF2DFE87DE9F34A0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
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||
?
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFF19FE87DF363440" ID-CoL="85L58" authority="Bourne, 1914: 261" authorityName="Bourne" authorityPageNumber="261" authorityYear="1914" box="[163,585,354,377]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liposclera">
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<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF19FE87DC023440" box="[163,381,354,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Acrossota liposclera</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFE39FE87DF363440" author="Bourne" box="[387,585,354,377]" page="261" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1914">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFE39FE87DF683440" author="Bourne" box="[387,535,354,377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Bourne, G. C. (1914) On Acrossota liposclera, a new genus and species of alcyonarian with simple tentacles. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, n. s., 60, 261 - 272, pl. 22." type="journal article" year="1914">Bourne, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 261
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–272, pl. 22;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFD6FFE87DE883440" author="Thomson" box="[725,1015,354,377]" page="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFD6FFE87DEAD3440" author="Thomson" box="[725,978,354,377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Dean, L. (1931) The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga Expedite 13 d, 1 - 227, pls 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson & Dean 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 20
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(comments that it is the same as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFAE9FE87DCF934A0" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFAE9FE87DCF934A0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Clavularia amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFC1D4FFF925D4AFE27FE67DF1734A0" author="Utinomi" box="[413,616,386,409]" page="195" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFE27FE67DF4934A0" author="Utinomi" box="[413,566,386,409]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" refString="Utinomi, H. (1951) Asterospicularia laurae, n. gen. et n. sp., the type of a new family of alcyonarians with stellate spicules. Pacific Science, 5, 2, 190 - 196." type="journal article" year="1951">Utinomi 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 195
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(agreeing with Thomson & Dean).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF2DFE47D98F3485" blockId="2.[151,1439,226,444]" box="[151,1264,418,444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Unidentified Stoloniferan Number Two: Sprung &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFD54FE47DEE93485" author="Delbeek" box="[750,918,418,444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" refString="Sprung. J. & Delbeek, J. C. (1997) The Reef Aquarium: A Comprehensive Guide to the Identification and Care of Tropical Marine Invertebrates, 2, Ricordea Publishing, Inc., Florida, i-xiv + 1 - 546 pp." type="journal article" year="1997">Delbeek 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 173–174;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF925D4AFBADFE47D9CD3485" author="Sprung" box="[1047,1202,418,444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" refString="Sprung, J. (1999) Corals: A Quick Reference Guide. Ricordea Publishing, Inc., Florida, 240 pp." type="book" year="1999">Sprung 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 150.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34768D5FF925D4AFF2DFE17DE5E37ED" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF2DFE17D9CD3735" blockId="2.[151,1438,498,2004]" box="[151,1202,498,524]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF2DFE17DCF23735" bold="true" box="[151,397,498,524]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFE2EFE17DF753732" box="[404,522,498,523]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E685FCFF925D4AFE2EFE17DF7D3732" box="[404,514,498,523]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Musée Zoologique, Strasbourg, #158,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A7BCEFF925D4AFC68FE17D9523735" box="[978,1069,498,524]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A7BCEFF925D4AFB83FE17D9D03735" box="[1081,1199,498,524]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF7CFDFFDE5E37ED" blockId="2.[151,1438,498,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF7CFDFFDCFD370A" box="[198,386,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Other material:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CA39BFF925D4AFE31FDFFDCB3370D" box="[395,460,538,564]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
C13618,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A7BCEFF925D4AFDFEFDFFDFC6370D" box="[580,697,538,564]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE31D9EFF925D4AFD7DFDFFDE3B370D" box="[711,836,538,564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="1997-05">May 1997</date>
|
||
, purchased from a dealer by Julian Sprung;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CA39BFF925D4AFAE1FDFFD8E3370D" box="[1371,1436,538,564]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
C13626, same data except October, 1999;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CA39BFF925D4AFD3EFDA7DFBA3765" box="[644,709,578,604]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
C15379,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A7BCEFF925D4AFC8DFDA7DED33765" box="[823,940,578,604]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE31D9EFF925D4AFC0DFDA7D9073765" box="[951,1144,578,604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="2002-09">September 2002</date>
|
||
, purchased from a dealer by Daniel Knop;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CA39BFF925D4AFEC9FD8FDCCB37BD" box="[371,436,618,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
C15380, same data except
|
||
<date id="FFE31D9EFF925D4AFCAFFD8FDEA337BD" box="[789,988,618,644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="2002-11">November 2002</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CA39BFF925D4AFC54FD8FD95037BD" box="[1006,1071,618,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
C15381, Kapikan, Semporna Islands,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE695D99FF925D4AFF40FD77DCE53795" box="[250,410,658,684]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="4.647383">04°38.843' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE695D99FF925D4AFE12FD77DF2E3795" box="[424,593,658,684]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="118.830215">118°49.813' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF925D4AFD10FD77DE683795" box="[682,791,658,684]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 m</quantity>
|
||
, F. Dipper,
|
||
<date id="FFE31D9EFF925D4AFC19FD77D9223795" box="[931,1117,658,684]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="2000-03-28">28 March 2000</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4CA39BFF925D4AFBD1FD77D9D33795" box="[1131,1196,658,684]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
C15506,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A7BCEFF925D4AFA99FD77D8E73795" box="[1315,1432,658,684]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFE31D9EFF925D4AFF2DFD5FDC4F37ED" box="[151,304,698,724]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="2003-08">August 2003</date>
|
||
, purchased from a dealer by Daniel Knop.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34768D5FF925D4FFF7CFD07D9A3333D" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF7CFD07D975315D" blockId="2.[151,1438,498,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF7CFD07DC1E37C5" bold="true" box="[198,353,738,764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFED0FD07DCA937C2" box="[362,470,738,763]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E685FCFF925D4AFED0FD07DCA937C2" box="[362,470,738,763]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. The colony described by Burchardt is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFB99FD07D9CC37C5" box="[1059,1203,738,764]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[151,255,1681,1705]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox-0="[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetBox-1="[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, with syntype of Nephthea amboinensis, life size; B, some polyps magnified." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, B, closeups of main portions of colony." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/200378/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/200379/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Figures 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
. Virtually all of the polyps are on one valve of an oyster, situated on one side of the base of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E685FCFF925D4AFC56FCEFD938361D" box="[1004,1095,778,804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFB79FCEFDDAD3672" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Nephthea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFB79FCEFDDAD3672" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Nephthea amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There is also much sponge and some bryozoan material on the shell. The two clusters of polyps that Burchardt thought were two colonies are joined by a few flat stolons that pass under a clump of sponge and the folded edge of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF925D4AFE1FFC67DF6A36A2" box="[421,533,898,923]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Nephthea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFE1FFC67DF6A36A2" box="[421,533,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Nephthea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colony. Very little of the network of stolons is visible without prising away the overgrowing sponge. The few main strands that are visible are about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF925D4AFBAEFC4FD90E36FD" box="[1044,1137,938,964]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, and these may be crosslinked by short, much narrower, strands. Wider portions, where the stolons are expanded into wider mats, can be uncovered, but their extent is unknown. Burchardt said that “Eine Hornscheide” was missing, but the stolons and the polyps are covered with a thin cuticle. It is not easy to detect on the polyps, but on some broken ones it can be seen to be peeling off as a very thin transparent sheet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF7CFB97DFE0306D" blockId="2.[151,1438,498,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The polyps in the small cluster (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFDF9FB97DFF631B5" box="[579,649,1138,1164]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, B, closeups of main portions of colony." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200379/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B) are mostly 2.5–5.0 mm tall, wider at the oral end, and mostly c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF925D4AFF2DFB7FDC5B318D" box="[151,292,1178,1204]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Those in the larger cluster (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFCBBFB7FDE38318D" box="[769,839,1178,1204]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[287,1299,434,1957]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, B, closeups of main portions of colony." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200379/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A) that are not surrounded by sponge are longer, at least up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF925D4AFEA6FB27DC1931E5" box="[284,358,1218,1244]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Polyps that are growing through the sponge can be even longer; one measured
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF925D4AFA9EFB27D8E231E5" box="[1316,1437,1218,1244]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="14.25">14.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF925D4AFEB9FB0FDC14303D" box="[259,363,1258,1284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.37" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.37">1.37 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter at the oral end. The protective cuticle on the lower part of these polyps where they pass though the sponge is much thicker than elsewhere and easily seen. It is yellowish brown against the yellowish white of the upper part of the polyps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF7CFA87DC0F3385" blockId="2.[151,1438,498,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The polyps are moderately translucent and the mesenterial insertions can be seen through the walls of many of them. Quite a number of polyps have the distal ends missing, perhaps as a consequence of Burchardt’s research. Of those that remain, all but a few have no tentacles visible. Burchardt’s account indicates that some polyps had the tentacles fully unfolded when he examined the specimen, but in the material now, where tentacles are visible, they protrude only by very small amounts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFC75F9E7D96E3325" box="[975,1041,1538,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1681,1705]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, with syntype of Nephthea amboinensis, life size; B, some polyps magnified." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200378/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B); there are no signs of pinnules. Through the body wall of many polyps, the withdrawn tentacles appear as an opaque cylinder or a cluster of opaque fingers in the distal part of the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFD16F9B7DF903355" box="[684,751,1618,1644]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1681,1705]" captionTargetBox="[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[251,1336,194,1657]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Acrossota amboinensis, n. comb., holotype: A, with syntype of Nephthea amboinensis, life size; B, some polyps magnified." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200378/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Dissection confirmed Burchardt’s observation that the tentacles withdraw by invagination. They protrude into the gastric cavity of the polyp between the pharynx and the body wall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF7CF92FDF9033DD" blockId="2.[151,1438,498,2004]" box="[198,751,1738,1764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">There are no sclerites in any part of the colony.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF925D4AFF7CF916DF4132ED" blockId="2.[151,1438,498,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF925D4AFF7CF916DC0F3235" box="[198,368,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">NTM C13618.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimen is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF925D4AFD00F917DE5E3235" box="[698,801,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1638,1662]" captionTargetBox="[265,1321,194,1613]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[265,1322,194,1614]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13618: A, colony; B, tentacular region of a polyp; C, closeup of B; D, oral region of a polyp with partly invaginated tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200380/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
. It consists of a dense cluster of polyps attached to a piece of coral rock. Narrow colonial stolons can be seen at the margins of the polyp cluster. They are flattened, c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF925D4AFF0FF8A7DC3B3265" box="[181,324,1858,1884]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, and anastomose with, or cross, other stolons. The stolons disappear beneath the dense mass of polyps, where they may join to form broad membranous expansions. The fact that some stolons cross other stolons without anastomosing may indicate that there is more than one colony here. Stolons and polyp bodies are covered by a thin cuticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF226BD6FF935D4BFF2DF974DC2733F2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200378/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[251,1336,194,1657]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF935D4BFF2DF974DC2733F2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1681,1739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF935D4BFF2DF974DC643390" bold="true" box="[151,283,1681,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF935D4BFE99F977DF5E3390" box="[291,545,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF935D4BFE99F977DF623390" box="[291,541,1682,1705]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis" status="comb. nov.">Acrossota amboinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF935D4BFD93F974DFF33390" bold="true" box="[553,652,1681,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5A37FF935D4BFD93F974DFF33390" box="[553,652,1681,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype: A, with syntype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF935D4BFC61F977D9B03390" box="[987,1231,1682,1705]" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Nephthea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF935D4BFC61F977D9B03390" box="[987,1231,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Nephthea amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, life size; B, some polyps magnified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF935D4BFF7CF91ADE4A32A8" blockId="3.[151,1436,1791,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The polyps are greyish yellow; a couple with the tips of the tentacles exposed are mostly opaque. Some are more inflated and the mesenterial insertions and withdrawn tentacles can be seen within. These tentacles lie outside the pharynx and are invaginated. Polyp sizes vary from juveniles,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF935D4BFBA0F8AAD90B3250" box="[1050,1140,1871,1897]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF935D4BFB63F8AAD84C3250" box="[1241,1331,1871,1897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, to the largest c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF935D4BFE30F892DC9B32A8" box="[394,484,1911,1937]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF935D4BFDF3F892DFDC32A8" box="[585,675,1911,1937]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF935D4CFF7CF87ADFEF343B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1791,2017]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1439,152,378]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
There are a number of tubular, sinuous, stolonic outgrowths that rise free from the substratum, and have a very wrinkled cuticle. The outgrowths appear to be the vegetative parts of the colony that were involved in increasing colony size. They are up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF945D4CFDE0FF7DDFE1358B" box="[602,670,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and they end in a polyp of reduced dimensions. Several similarlooking structures occur on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E685FCFF945D4CFDDAFF25DFED35E3" box="[608,658,192,218]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF945D4CFC94FF25D93935E0" box="[814,1094,192,217]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF945D4CFC94FF25D93935E0" box="[814,1094,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Clavularia amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
— up to c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF945D4CFB74FF25D86E35E3" box="[1230,1297,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long — but they stand erect and may not be analogous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF945D4CFF7CFEF5DE773443" blockId="4.[151,1439,152,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Several polyps had had the head and tentacles removed while the colony was still alive and expanded. They are up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF945D4CFEF6FEDDDCD8346B" box="[332,423,312,338]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF945D4CFDA7FEDDDFD3346B" box="[541,684,312,338]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
broad. A polyp head and closeup of the tentacles are shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF945D4CFF2DFE85DD863443" box="[151,249,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1638,1662]" captionTargetBox="[265,1321,194,1613]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[265,1322,194,1614]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13618: A, colony; B, tentacular region of a polyp; C, closeup of B; D, oral region of a polyp with partly invaginated tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200380/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B–C. A living colony is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF945D4CFD31FE85DF913443" box="[651,750,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[280,1306,514,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[280,1307,514,1949]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb.: A, NTM C 15379 in life; B, NTM C 13626 in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200385/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF226BD6FF945D4CFF2DF858D9BC32ED" box="[151,1219,1981,2005]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200379/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[287,1299,434,1957]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF945D4CFF2DF858D9BC32ED" blockId="4.[151,1219,1981,2005]" box="[151,1219,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF945D4CFF2DF858DC6632EC" bold="true" box="[151,281,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF945D4CFE9AF85BDF6332EC" box="[288,540,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF945D4CFE9AF85BDF6732EC" box="[288,536,1982,2005]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis" status="comb. nov.">Acrossota amboinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF945D4CFD99F858DFFB32EC" bold="true" box="[547,644,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5A37FF945D4CFD99F858DFFB32EC" box="[547,644,1981,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype: A,B, closeups of main portions of colony.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF226BD6FF955D4DFF2DF983DE3B3399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200380/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[265,1321,194,1613]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF955D4DFF2DF983DE3B3399" blockId="5.[151,1436,1638,1696]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF955D4DFF2DF983DC663347" bold="true" box="[151,281,1638,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF955D4DFE9AF982DF463347" box="[288,569,1638,1662]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF955D4DFE9AF982DCF53347" box="[288,394,1639,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Acrossota</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF955D4DFE0EF982DF463347" box="[436,569,1639,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF955D4DFDFAF983DFDE3347" bold="true" box="[576,673,1638,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5A37FF955D4DFDFAF983DFDE3347" box="[576,673,1638,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, NTM C13618: A, colony; B, tentacular region of a polyp; C, closeup of B; D, oral region of a polyp with partly invaginated tentacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF955D4DFF7CF931DC463207" blockId="5.[151,1437,1748,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF955D4DFF7CF931DC0F33D4" box="[198,368,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">NTM C13626.</emphasis>
|
||
The lot consists of three parts — a cluster of polyps on a small fragment of coral rock, a large number of polyps on a larger piece of coral rock (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF955D4DFCA1F919DE1E322F" box="[795,865,1788,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,194,1577]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[266,1321,194,1578]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13626: A, main portion of attached colony; B, unattached colony fragment; C, dissected polyp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200381/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A), and an unattached section of stolons and polyps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF955D4DFF75F8C1DC683207" box="[207,279,1828,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,194,1577]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[266,1321,194,1578]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13626: A, main portion of attached colony; B, unattached colony fragment; C, dissected polyp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200381/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF955D4DFF7CF8A9D85E328F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1748,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Many of the polyps in the unattached specimen have the smooth, highly contracted tentacles everted and there are several vegetative stolonal outgrowths (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF955D4DFD4AF891DE4432B7" box="[752,827,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,194,1577]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[266,1321,194,1578]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13626: A, main portion of attached colony; B, unattached colony fragment; C, dissected polyp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200381/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B, arrowed), some of which have small swellings where autozooid polyps were developing. Stolons and polyp bodies have a thin covering of cuticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF226BD6FF965D4EFF2DF9A7DF7F3342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200381/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[266,1321,194,1577]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF965D4EFF2DF9A7DF7F3342" blockId="6.[151,1436,1602,1659]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF965D4EFF2DF9A7DC663363" bold="true" box="[151,281,1602,1626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF965D4EFE9AF9A7DF473360" box="[288,568,1602,1625]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF965D4EFE9AF9A7DCF53360" box="[288,394,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Acrossota</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF965D4EFE09F9A7DF473360" box="[435,568,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF965D4EFDFAF9A7DFDE3363" bold="true" box="[576,673,1602,1626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5A37FF965D4EFDFAF9A7DFDE3363" box="[576,673,1602,1626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, NTM C13626: A, main portion of attached colony; B, unattached colony fragment; C, dissected polyp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF965D4EFF7CF94ADEBF3278" blockId="6.[151,1436,1711,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
|
||
There are no stolons on the larger piece of coral rock, and all of the polyps arise from a broad basal membrane. The polyps are quite long, up to c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF965D4EFD3AF932DFAD33C8" box="[640,722,1751,1777]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF965D4EFCFCF932DEAB33C8" box="[838,980,1751,1777]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, and many have c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF965D4EFAF8F932D8E333C8" box="[1346,1436,1751,1777]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
of everted tentacles exposed. There is a cuticle covering the membrane and the polyp bodies, particularly noticeable on the transversely wrinkled proximal third of each polyp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF965D4EFF7CF8AAD95B32A8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1711,2017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">The third rock fragment has slightly more than 20 polyps on it that arise from a spreading membranous base. Many of the polyps have smooth tentacles protruding from the oral end.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF965D4FFF7CF87AD9AB37AB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1711,2017]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1439,152,2020]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The dissected polyp shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF965D4EFD9CF87ADFF63280" box="[550,649,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,194,1577]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[266,1321,194,1578]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13626: A, main portion of attached colony; B, unattached colony fragment; C, dissected polyp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200381/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C, taken from the large rock, reveals the contortions involved in the process of retraction. Whole, or portions of, invaginated tentacles are free in the gastric cavity. They lie mostly alongside the pharynx, which has been pulled down by the muscles in those parts of the mesenteries proximal to it. The cylindrical region distal to the pharynx and the invaginated tentacles is that part of the body wall, now turned inside out, that was previously outside of and adjacent to the pharynx in the expanded polyp. This region is attached to the pharynx by mesenteries that must undergo considerable stretching during the invagination process. Some of these mesenteries, torn during the dissection, are labelled at the right of the figure. Those parts of the mesenteries remaining attached to the invaginated body wall pass down between the invaginated tentacles, along the length of the pharynx and down to the base of the colony. When the invaginated, upper body wall cylinder was opened, portions of three tentacles that had not completely invaginated were lying longitudinally within. At the proximal end of the cylinder, the peristome lay like a domed membrane across the top of the pharynx. If the invaginated parts of the tentacles are magnified they can be seen to be covered in a thick layer of zooxanthellae — presumably that which was previously inside the expanded tentacle prior to polyp retraction. The oral aspect of a polyp with the tentacles preserved in the process of invagination or evagination is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF975D4FFDB3FD9DDF1437AB" box="[521,619,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1638,1662]" captionTargetBox="[265,1321,194,1613]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[265,1322,194,1614]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb., NTM C 13618: A, colony; B, tentacular region of a polyp; C, closeup of B; D, oral region of a polyp with partly invaginated tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D. Clefts can be seen in the tip of each tentacle stub.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF975D4FFF7CFD45D82C360B" blockId="7.[151,1439,152,2020]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFF7CFD45DC0D3780" box="[198,370,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">NTM C15379.</emphasis>
|
||
This lot consists of two small clumps of fine gravel held together by a gelatinous substance. These support few polyps but many vegetative stolonic outgrowths with very little internal structure visible. The samples are portions of a colony initially obtained from a dealer in aquarium animals. The colony had been kept in an aquarium for some time, and its morphology is likely to have been affected by this.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF975D4FFF7CFCA5DF333173" blockId="7.[151,1439,152,2020]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFF7CFCA5DC103660" box="[198,367,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">NTM C15380.</emphasis>
|
||
This lot consists of two small fragments of coral and coralline algae. There are 13 polyps on the largest fragment, and only one on the smallest piece. The largest piece has a number of anastomosed, narrow, flattened stolons supporting the polyps. Smooth tentacles protrude from a number of the polyps and can be seen within the gastric cavities of others. Polyps and stolons are of the same size range as the specimens described above. The live parent colony is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136627DBFF975D4FFCE3FC05DEC336C3" box="[857,956,992,1018]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[280,1306,514,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[280,1307,514,1949]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acrossota cf. amboinensis n. comb.: A, NTM C 15379 in life; B, NTM C 13626 in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200385/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A. The tentacles are clearly of a simple, pinnuleless construction. This material was also from a colony obtained from a marine animal dealer, but it had spent very little time in captivity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF975D4FFF7CFBBDD8253003" blockId="7.[151,1439,152,2020]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFF7CFBBDDC113148" box="[198,366,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">NTM C15381.</emphasis>
|
||
This specimen consists of a piece of thin coral rock, about
|
||
<date id="FFE31D9EFF975D4FFBA4FBBDD92E314B" box="[1054,1105,1112,1138]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" value="1947-10">47 x</date>
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFBEDFBBDD9D6314B" box="[1111,1193,1112,1138]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="43.0">43 mm</quantity>
|
||
in size, supporting a large number of polyps almost all of which have the tentacles withdrawn. Unusually, this specimen has polyps typical of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF975D4FFEFDFB4DDF2C31F8" box="[327,595,1192,1217]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFEFDFB4DDF2C31F8" box="[327,595,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Acrossota amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the new taxon described below. The retracted polyps of the two different species look more or less identical, but those polyps with portions of the tentacles visible reveal that there are two forms present. Upon cursory examination it can appear that the two different forms are actually united on the same basal stolons, but careful tracing of the intermixed stolons proves this is not the case.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF975D4FFF7CFAADD9A3333D" blockId="7.[151,1439,152,2020]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFF7CFAADDC183058" box="[198,359,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">NTM C15506</emphasis>
|
||
. There are over 40 polyps making up this specimen, all closely arising from a more or less complete basal membrane encrusting a neartriangular coralline tile about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFBA5FA97D92230B5" box="[1055,1117,1394,1420]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFBE4FA95D9F630B5" box="[1118,1161,1392,1420]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
area. Most polyps are about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFF5BFA7FDC59308D" box="[225,294,1434,1460]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFE2AFA7FDCAB308D" box="[400,468,1434,1460]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.842" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="2.3">2.3 in</quantity>
|
||
diameter, one has the tentacles extended, and one is inflated to a height of
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFAE2FA7FD8E2308D" box="[1368,1437,1434,1460]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
and a width of
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFEE8FA27DCE230E5" box="[338,413,1474,1500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The cuticle covering the polyps and membrane is quite conspicuous in many places owing to its dark greenishbrown colouring, which result from a fine covering of marine turf.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34768D5FF975D40FF7CF9F7D98835E3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF975D4FFF7CF9F7D95633CD" blockId="7.[151,1439,152,2020]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFF7CF9F7DC3D3315" bold="true" box="[198,322,1554,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The main morphological characteristics used to distinguish between species within similar stolonate genera are sclerite position, arrangement, and architecture, and the number of pinnules on the tentacles. The fact there are no sclerites or pinnules in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF975D4FFD57F986DE1E3345" box="[749,865,1635,1660]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFD57F986DE1E3345" box="[749,865,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Acrossota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents an interesting challenge to the taxonomist. The material described above, extra to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E685FCFF975D4FFD68F96FDE44339D" box="[722,827,1674,1700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, serves to confirm the validity of the existence of a pinnuleless genus of soft coral, but we are unable to establish with certainty whether they are conspecific with each other or whether they represent the same species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF975D4FFCD5F93ED95E33CD" box="[879,1057,1755,1780]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFCD5F93ED95E33CD" box="[879,1057,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">A. amboinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE23B5EFF975D40FF7CF8E7D98835E3" blockId="7.[151,1439,152,2020]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,218]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
An identical situation pertains to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF975D4FFDF7F8E6DE413225" box="[589,830,1795,1820]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liposclera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFDF7F8E6DE413225" box="[589,830,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Acrossota liposclera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The polyps of Bourne’s specimen are described as being about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA596BBFF975D4FFE92F8CFDC14327D" box="[296,363,1834,1860]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall and 1.75–2.00 mm in diameter, connected by flat stolons, and all covered in a thin cuticle. The tentacles are invaginable and without pinnules, and there are no sclerites (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D40DDFF975D4FFBE4F8B6D9AC3255" box="[1118,1235,1875,1900]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acrossotidae" genus="Acrossota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liposclera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929E74CFF975D4FFBE4F8B6D9AC3255" box="[1118,1235,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">liposclera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). “From place to place a branch of the main stolon or a stolonar outgrowth of one of the zooids projects for some distance from the support as a long, free, thinwalled tube, near the end of which a zooid is developed ...” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC46AFFF975D4FFB42F847DDB732DD" author="Bourne" pageId="7" pageNumber="43" refString="Bourne, G. C. (1914) On Acrossota liposclera, a new genus and species of alcyonarian with simple tentacles. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, n. s., 60, 261 - 272, pl. 22." type="journal article" year="1914">Bourne 1914: 263</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). “(2) The portion of the body of the zooid immediately below the tentacles. This portion is invaginated in retracted specimens ...” (ibid.: 267). Bourne’s specimen from the D’Entrecasteaux Islands of the eastern end of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A7BCEFF985D40FF0CFF25DCE335E3" box="[182,412,192,218]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, could possibly be the same species as all or any of the above specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |