497 lines
62 KiB
XML
497 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="B3BF6663FB089EA2999F4E01708E7868" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2020.1736677" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5020617" ID-ZooBank="C8508CCB-F54F-4DC8-B61D-56966A3F1CC8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1624473362100" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Guyer, Craig, Murray, Christopher, Bart, Henry L., Crother, Brian I., Chabarria, Ryan E., Bailey, Mark A. & Dunn, Khorizon" docDate="2020" docId="03C14062FFAA5F66FE16FAB5E0A6FD48" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.54.1-4.15-41.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 54 (1 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1736677" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Necturus beyeri subsp. beyeri Hecht 1958" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFF8381AFFA45F75FFD7FF8FE307FFBC" masterDocTitle="Colour and size reveal hidden diversity of Necturus (Caudata: Proteidae) from the Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698973179407" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="38B29FFF5277005D4B08AA65FDF75EF6">Colour and size reveal hidden diversity of Necturus (Caudata: Proteidae) from the Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F3D9E87D0F7BC91A9DF797B9913B90DB">Guyer, Craig</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CF2B93BE8164192E3144665162559836">Murray, Christopher</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A41CFF63F6F0632EEDCB3D042E66A401">Bart, Henry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5E3F5918F2B34B6DEB9EBF6293CAE093">Crother, Brian I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F892F315F2736554B9EEE85BB5157811">Chabarria, Ryan E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E7C7019DEB8401B3E3F0DDDFE10CB3E6">Bailey, Mark A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71904186FC1D8E1132CE3D7EBF9FBF2F">Dunn, Khorizon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="DE9A45527196B7944052B7F028A4B6CE">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="075439A0445DEF694FF32246A3074EC5">J. Nat. Hist.</mods:title>
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<heading id="D09F4618FFAA5F7BFE16FAB5E065FAED" box="[449,866,1336,1361]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAA5F7BFE16FAB5E065FAED" ID-CoL="463V6" authority="beyeri Hecht 1958" authorityName="Hecht" authorityYear="1958" box="[449,866,1336,1361]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="beyeri" subSpecies="beyeri">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFE16FAB5E1D4FAED" bold="true" box="[449,723,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Necturus beyeri beyeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFAA5F7BFD0CFAB7E065FAED" author="Hecht MK" box="[731,866,1336,1361]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref13246" refString="Hecht MK. 1958. A synopsis of the mud puppies of eastern North America. Proc Staten Island Inst Arts Sci. 21: 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="1958">Hecht 1958</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C372A2FFFFAA5F7BFEB8FAD3E0D6FA2A" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFAA5F7BFEB8FAD3E0D6FA2A" blockId="14.[337,977,1232,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFEB8FAD3E0B4FAC8" bold="true" box="[367,947,1371,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAA5F7BFEB8FAD3E054FAC8" ID-CoL="463V6" authority="Brode, 1969" authorityName="Brode" authorityYear="1969" box="[367,851,1371,1396]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="punctatus" subSpecies="beyeri">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFEB8FAD3E1B7FACF" bold="true" box="[367,688,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Necturus punctatus beyeri</emphasis>
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Brode, 1969
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</taxonomicName>
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, in part
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAA5F7BFE86FAF0E0D6FA2A" ID-CoL="463V6" authority="Dubois and Raffaelli, 2012" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[337,977,1405,1430]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri" subGenus="Parvurus">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFE86FAF0E190FA2A" bold="true" box="[337,663,1405,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFE86FAF0E2BAFA2A" bold="true" box="[337,445,1407,1430]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Necturus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFE19FAF0E13CFA2A" bold="true" box="[462,571,1407,1430]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Parvurus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFD9BFAF1E190FA2A" bold="true" box="[588,663,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">beyeri</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFAA5F7BFD48FAF2E0D6FA2A" author="Dubois A & Raffaelli J" box="[671,977,1405,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" pagination="77 - 161" refId="ref13094" refString="Dubois A, Raffaelli J. 2012. A new ergotaxonomy of the order Urodela Dumeril. 1805 (Amphibia, Batrachia). Alytes. 28: 77 - 161." type="journal article" year="2012">Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B00FB29FFAA5F7BFF77FA6AE170F9FE" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Allen Parish, LA" county="Western" location="Upper Calcasieu River" municipality="This" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="USNM 102674" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFF77FA6AE215FA41" bold="true" box="[160,274,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">
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<typeStatus id="54D34FD6FFAA5F7BFF77FA6AE209FA41" box="[160,270,1509,1533]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DBCE590FFFAA5F7BFEF6FA6AE2B8FA41" box="[289,447,1509,1533]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">USNM 102674</specimenCode>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1353EDF1FFAA5F7BFE1BFA6AE134FA41" box="[460,563,1509,1533]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1007,1030]" captionTargetBox="[259,1057,143,974]" captionTargetId="figure-175@16.[258,1058,142,975]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Type specimen of N. beyeri (USNM 102674; Allen Parish, LA) dorsum (a) and venter (b; photos by Jenna L. Welch, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution; used with permission); paratype of Mobile lineage (AUM 40150, Covington County, AL) dorsum (c) and venter (d; photos by Craig Guyer); paratype of Pearl lineage (MMNS 1288, Saint Tammany Parish,LA) dorsum (e) and venter (f; photos by Craig Guyer); paratype of Pontchartrain lineage (LSUMZ 99424, Tangipahoa Parish, LA) dorsum (g) and venter (h; photos by Craig Guyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5020639" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5020639/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Figure 11</figureCitation>
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(a,b)), an adult female from the
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<location id="8EB7A7AFFFAA5F7BFC45FA6AE784FA41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C14062FFAA5F66FE16FAB5E0A6FD48:8EB7A7AFFFAA5F7BFC45FA6AE784FA41" box="[914,1155,1509,1533]" county="Western" municipality="This" name="Upper Calcasieu River" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Upper Calcasieu River</location>
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at
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<location id="8EB7A7AFFFAA5F7BFF6CF987E211F99C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C14062FFAA5F66FE16FAB5E0A6FD48:8EB7A7AFFFAA5F7BFF6CF987E211F99C" box="[187,278,1544,1568]" county="Western" municipality="This" name="Oakdale" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Oakdale</location>
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(no exact locality given),
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<collectorName id="269D94A2FFAA5F7BFDF8F987E1DAF99C" box="[559,733,1544,1568]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Allen Parish, LA</collectorName>
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.
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BB36B0EFFAA5F7BFD32F987E015F99C" box="[741,786,1544,1568]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">This</collectingMunicipality>
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locality is within the range of the
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<collectingCounty id="62B689F8FFAA5F7BFF77F9A5E3FBF9FE" box="[160,252,1578,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">Western</collectingCounty>
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lineage of
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFAA5F7BFEACF9A5E174F9FE" author="Chabarria RE & Murray CM & Moler PE & Bart HL & Crother BI & Guyer C" box="[379,627,1578,1602]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref13040" refString="Chabarria RE, Murray CM, Moler PE, Bart HL, Crother BI, Guyer C. 2017. Evolutionary insights into the North American Necturus beyeri complex (Amphibia: Caudata) based on molecular genetic and morphological analysis. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 2017: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2017">Chabarria et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFAA5F7BFF77F90FE784F906" blockId="14.[160,1156,1664,1722]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">
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<materialsCitation id="3B00FB29FFAA5F7BFF77F90FE233F906" accessionNumber="MCZ 17732" collectionCode="MCZ" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="USNM 102676, 17733" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAA5F7BFF77F90FE21BF92B" bold="true" box="[160,284,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="28">
|
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<typeStatus id="54D34FD6FFAA5F7BFF77F90FE21EF92B" box="[160,281,1664,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCode id="DBCE590FFFAA5F7BFEFBF90FE2CBF924" box="[300,460,1664,1688]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">USNM 102676</specimenCode>
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||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="ED7969B1FFAA5F7BFE03F90FE10FF924" box="[468,520,1664,1688]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
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17732,
|
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<specimenCode id="DBCE590FFFAA5F7BFD8BF90FE1A7F924" box="[604,672,1664,1688]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">17733</specimenCode>
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||
are listed in the original species description (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFAA5F7BFF72F92DE22CF906" author="Viosca P Jr." box="[165,299,1698,1722]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" pagination="120 - 138" refId="ref13884" refString="Viosca P Jr. 1937. A tentative revision of the genus Necturus with descriptions of three new species from the southern Gulf drainage area. Copeia. 1937: 120 - 138. doi: 10.2307 / 1436953." type="journal article" year="1937">Viosca 1937</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. To these we add representatives from within the ranges of the Mobile (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7969B1FFAA5F7BFB9DF92DE784F906" box="[1098,1155,1698,1722]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" type="University or college">AUM</collectionCode>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF17A1FCFFAB5F7AFF77FCE5E055FC65" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5020637" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5020637" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5020637/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" startId="15.[160,225,874,897]" targetBox="[179,1134,144,838]" targetPageId="15">
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<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFF77FCE5E20FFC3D" bold="true" box="[160,264,874,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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||
Type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFE11FCE6E124FC3C" authorityName="Viosca" authorityYear="1937" box="[454,547,873,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lodingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFE11FCE6E124FC3C" box="[454,547,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. lodingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 61752; Mobile County, AL) dorsum (a) and venter (b; photos by Jenna L. Welch, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution; used with permission); melanistic Mobile lineage specimen (MMNS 1261, Lamar County, MS) dorsum (c) and venter (d; photos by Craig Guyer).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFAB5F7AFF77FB90E13AFBE5" blockId="15.[160,1155,1055,1113]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">
|
||
40150), Pearl (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7969B1FFAB5F7AFEEDFB90E281FB8B" box="[314,390,1055,1079]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14943" name="Mississippi Museum of Natural Science" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" type="Herbarium">MMNS</collectionCode>
|
||
1288,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7969B1FFAB5F7AFE1AFB90E11BFB8B" box="[461,540,1055,1079]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ew6z-dwdm" name="Louisiana State University, Musuem of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">LSUMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
62933,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7969B1FFAB5F7AFDA6FB90E19BFB8B" box="[625,668,1055,1079]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/p7k0-ij1x" name="Southeastern Louisiana University, Vertebrate Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">SLU</collectionCode>
|
||
744), and Pontchartrain (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7969B1FFAB5F7AFC65FB90E704FB8B" box="[946,1027,1055,1079]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ew6z-dwdm" name="Louisiana State University, Musuem of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">LSUMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
99424,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7969B1FFAB5F7AFB8FFB90E784FB8B" box="[1112,1155,1055,1079]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/p7k0-ij1x" name="Southeastern Louisiana University, Vertebrate Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">SLU</collectionCode>
|
||
6211, 6213) lineages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353EDF1FFAB5F7AFE42FBCEE2FAFBE5" box="[405,509,1089,1113]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1007,1030]" captionTargetBox="[259,1057,143,974]" captionTargetId="figure-175@16.[258,1058,142,975]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 11. Type specimen of N. beyeri (USNM 102674; Allen Parish, LA) dorsum (a) and venter (b; photos by Jenna L. Welch, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution; used with permission); paratype of Mobile lineage (AUM 40150, Covington County, AL) dorsum (c) and venter (d; photos by Craig Guyer); paratype of Pearl lineage (MMNS 1288, Saint Tammany Parish,LA) dorsum (e) and venter (f; photos by Craig Guyer); paratype of Pontchartrain lineage (LSUMZ 99424, Tangipahoa Parish, LA) dorsum (g) and venter (h; photos by Craig Guyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5020639" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5020639/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">Figure 11</figureCitation>
|
||
(c–h))
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372A2FFFFAB5F64FF77FB1CE063FBA0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFAB5F7AFF77FB1CE783FAAF" blockId="15.[160,1156,1170,1299]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFF77FB1CE21CFB17" bold="true" box="[160,283,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Membership of this species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFD2EFB1DE05FFB17" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1819" box="[761,856,1170,1195]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFD2EFB1DE05FFB17" box="[761,856,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">Necturus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is demonstrated by retention of external gills in adults, presence of pigmented skin, and reduction of digits on hind limbs to four toes. Our concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFDFFFB58E180FB4C" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[552,647,1239,1264]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFDFFFB58E180FB4C" box="[552,647,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
contains specimens of the Gulf Coastal Plain possessing a larva with numerous small white spots and lacking dark stripes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353EDF1FFAB5F7AFC2AFB74E75EFAAF" box="[1021,1113,1275,1299]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,551,574]" captionTargetBox="[260,1056,145,517]" captionTargetId="figure-205@5.[258,1058,142,519]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Dorsal colour pattern of Necturus juveniles showing unspotted (a) and spotted (numerous white spots; b) character states." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5020621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5020621/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFAB5F65FF77FAC3E29BFAEF" blockId="15.[160,1155,1356,1727]" lastBlockId="16.[160,1156,1235,1363]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFF77FAC3E246FAD8" bold="true" box="[160,321,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
Juveniles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFE0AFAC3E13BFAD9" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[477,572,1356,1381]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFE0AFAC3E13BFAD9" box="[477,572,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have small white punctations, an apparent autapomorphy that distinguishes this species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFD59FAE1E034FA3B" authorityName="Neill" authorityYear="1963" box="[654,819,1390,1415]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFD59FAE1E034FA3B" box="[654,819,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. alabamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFCBCFAE1E0FDFA3B" box="[875,1018,1390,1415]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFCBCFAE1E0FDFA3B" box="[875,1018,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. maculosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(larvae with two light dorsolateral stripes),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFDF7FA1EE184FA16" authorityName="Brimley" authorityYear="1924" box="[544,643,1425,1450]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lewisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFDF7FA1EE184FA16" box="[544,643,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. lewisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(larvae with light middorsal stripe), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFF77FA3BE228FA71" baseAuthorityName="Gibbes" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[160,303,1460,1485]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFF77FA3BE228FA71" box="[160,303,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the Apalachicola and Escambia lineages (larvae lacking stripes and white spots). Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFE62FA59E11FFA53" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[437,536,1494,1519]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFE62FA59E11FFA53" box="[437,536,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
typically possess large, bold, dark dorsal and lateral spots and retain the white punctations of the juveniles, creating a particularly colourful phenotype that distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFDDBF993E173F989" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[524,628,1564,1589]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFDDBF993E173F989" box="[524,628,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFD1DF993E059F989" baseAuthorityName="Gibbes" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[714,862,1564,1589]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFD1DF993E059F989" box="[714,862,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the Escambia and Apalachicola lineages. Along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFDFCF9B1E1B9F9EB" box="[555,702,1598,1623]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFDFCF9B1E1B9F9EB" box="[555,702,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. maculosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the Western lineage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFC0BF9B1E73AF9EB" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[988,1085,1598,1623]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFC0BF9B1E73AF9EB" box="[988,1085,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has 6 pairs of telocentric chromosomes and an increased level of heterochromatin in the Y chromosome of males that differentiate these taxa from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFC80F90BE0B3F921" authorityName="Brimley" authorityYear="1924" box="[855,948,1668,1693]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lewisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFC80F90BE0B3F921" box="[855,948,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. lewisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFAB5F7AFC22F90BE784F921" baseAuthorityName="Gibbes" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1013,1155,1668,1693]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFAB5F7AFC22F90BE784F921" box="[1013,1155,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="29">N. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(reduced heterochromatin, no telocentric chromosomes), and from the Apalachicola lineage (4 pairs of telocentric chromosomes, intermediate levels of heterochromatin in Y chromosome;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB45F65FE8FFB79E16AFAB2" author="Sessions SK & Wiley JE" box="[344,621,1270,1294]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" pagination="37 - 52" refId="ref13731" refString="Sessions SK, Wiley JE. 1985. Chromosome evolution in salamanders of the genus Necturus. Brimleyana. 10: 37 - 52." type="journal article" year="1985">Sessions and Wiley 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Additional sampling of the Escambia, Mobile, Pearl, and Pontchartrain lineages are needed to demonstrate the complete distribution of these character states.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF17A1FCFFB45F65FF77FC60E761FB25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5020639" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5020639" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5020639/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" startId="16.[160,225,1007,1030]" targetBox="[259,1057,143,974]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB45F65FF77FC60E761FB25" blockId="16.[160,1157,1006,1177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB45F65FF77FC60E20DFBBA" bold="true" box="[160,266,1007,1030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB45F65FE19FC61E123FBB9" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[462,548,1006,1029]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB45F65FE19FC61E123FBB9" box="[462,548,1006,1029]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 102674; Allen Parish, LA) dorsum (a) and venter (b; photos by Jenna L. Welch, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution; used with permission); paratype of Mobile lineage (AUM 40150, Covington County, AL) dorsum (c) and venter (d; photos by Craig Guyer); paratype of Pearl lineage (MMNS 1288, Saint Tammany Parish, LA) dorsum (e) and venter (f; photos by Craig Guyer); paratype of Pontchartrain lineage (LSUMZ 99424, Tangipahoa Parish, LA) dorsum (g) and venter (h; photos by Craig Guyer).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB45F64FF77FA1FE063FBA0" blockId="16.[160,1157,1424,1726]" lastBlockId="17.[160,1157,890,1052]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB45F65FF77FA1FE133FA14" bold="true" box="[160,564,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Emended description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D34FD6FFB45F65FE12FA1FE137FA14" box="[453,560,1424,1448]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In preservation, the type specimen is
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB45F65FC3CFA1FE74EFA14" box="[1003,1097,1424,1448]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="211.0">211 mm</quantity>
|
||
TOT,
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB45F65FF77FA3CE3FBFA77" box="[160,252,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="144.0">144 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL, and
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB45F65FEBCFA3CE2BDFA77" box="[363,442,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="67.0">67 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL; number of costal grooves is 16. The dorsal ground colour in preservation is slate brown with numerous white punctations across the entire body. The head has round dark-brown spots that are small anteriorly (about the same size as eye) and enlarged and bolder posteriorly (starting at insertion of gills). The head lacks a dark stripe from the nostril through the eye. The enlarged, bold, dark brown spots continue along the dorsum and sides of body to the tip of the tail. The ground colour of the venter is uniform tan, lacking the white punctations along the mid-venter but with such punctations gradually appearing ventrolaterally. The chin has small brown spots on skin covering the mandibles; spots are absent from the midventral skin of the chin. The venter has small brown spots midventrally, becoming enlarged laterally. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D34FD6FFB55F64FC87FC13E0B4FC08" box="[848,947,924,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has the following values for measured morphological features described above – ED:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FCAAFC30E0D7FC6B" box="[893,976,959,983]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; EL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FC29FC30E755FC6B" box="[1022,1106,959,983]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; GD:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FF77FC6DE3F1FC46" box="[160,246,994,1018]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; GEL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FEEFFC6DE29BFC46" box="[312,412,994,1018]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="20.6">20.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; GL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FE06FC6DE132FC46" box="[465,565,994,1018]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.61" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="26.1">26.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HWE:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FD55FC6DE1E2FC46" box="[642,741,994,1018]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="18.8">18.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HWG:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FCE1FC6DE09EFC46" box="[822,921,994,1018]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.82" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="28.2">28.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; POL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FC09FC6DE746FC46" box="[990,1089,994,1018]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="21.1">21.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; REW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FF77FB8BE3F2FBA0" box="[160,245,1028,1052]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; SL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FEF2FB8BE27CFBA0" box="[293,379,1028,1052]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; SRE:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FE6EFB8BE11BFBA0" box="[441,540,1028,1052]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="10.4">10.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; SW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FD81FB8BE1ACFBA0" box="[598,683,1028,1052]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; WBW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FD2AFB8BE067FBA0" box="[765,864,1028,1052]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="21.8">21.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF17A1FCFFB55F64FF77FD71E2AFFC8F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5020641" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5020641" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5020641/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" startId="17.[160,225,766,789]" targetBox="[169,1149,147,726]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB55F64FF77FD71E2AFFC8F" blockId="17.[160,1156,766,819]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FF77FD71E20EFCA9" bold="true" box="[160,265,766,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of localities of specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB55F64FCC5FD71E060FCA9" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[786,871,766,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FCC5FD71E060FCA9" box="[786,871,766,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Open circle is approximate location of type specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372A2FFFFB55F67FF77FBD5E0D1FF50" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB55F64FF77FBD5E101FA71" blockId="17.[160,1157,1113,1727]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FF77FBD5E212FBCE" bold="true" box="[160,277,1114,1138]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB55F64FEF2FBD6E2CDFBCE" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[293,458,1113,1138]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FEF2FBD6E2CDFBCE" box="[293,458,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Necturus beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
achieves relatively large adult sizes, with a maximum male size of 184.0 mm SVL (+
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FEA2FBF2E2C2FB29" box="[373,453,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL) and a maximum female size of 177.0 mm SVL (+
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FBD2FBF2E752FB29" box="[1029,1109,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="66.0">66 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL). Mean male size is
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FEB1FB10E2D3FB0B" box="[358,468,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3419999999999999" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="134.2">134.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FDD8FB11E11AFB0B" box="[527,541,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 53) and mean female size is
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FCBAFB10E0DCFB0B" box="[877,987,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.208" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="120.8">120.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FBC0FB11E722FB0B" box="[1047,1061,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 94). In dorsal aspect, the modal adult lacks snout spotting (73% of specimens), has large dorsal (66% of specimens) and lateral (74% of specimens) spotting, and lacks chin (61% of specimens) and ventral (45% of specimens) spotting. The Pearl lineage diverges from this modal pattern in having a high percentage of snout (63%), chin (54%) and ventral (56%) spotting, and the Mobile lineage diverges from the mode in having a high percentage of small dorsal (54%) spotting and no chin (93%) or ventral (84%) spotting. The modal value for costal grooves is 17 (n = 147), with 35% of specimens possessing 16 grooves, and 2% possessing 18.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB55F64FF17FA58E06BF9C6" blockId="17.[160,1157,1113,1727]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Adult males (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FEB7FA59E269FA53" box="[352,366,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 53) have the following mean (and range) values for measured morphological features – ED:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FE3EFA75E13BF9AE" box="[489,572,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.1–5.3); EL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FD05FA75E021F9AE" box="[722,806,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.1–3.8); GD:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FC12FA75E71EF9AE" box="[965,1049,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.9–6.2); GEL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FF0EF992E23BF989" box="[217,316,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="16.1">16.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(10.4–2.2); GL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FE3BF992E148F989" box="[492,591,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="21.1">21.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(13.1–34.1); HWE: 12.6 (8.0–23.7); HWG: 19.5 (12.- 8–36.1); POL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FEE8F9B0E2A3F9EB" box="[319,420,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(10.6–26.6); REW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FDACF9B0E1D4F9EB" box="[635,723,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(1.5–4.2); SL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FCA1F9B0E0C9F9EB" box="[886,974,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(3.2–12.0); SRE:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FF77F9EDE3F3F9C6" box="[160,244,1634,1658]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="8.7">8.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(4.9–14.7); SW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FE71F9EDE2FDF9C6" box="[422,506,1634,1658]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(2.0–9.7); WBW: 19.0 (12.0–37.4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB55F67FF17F90AE0D1FF50" blockId="17.[160,1157,1113,1727]" lastBlockId="18.[160,1156,142,236]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Adult females (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB55F64FEA5F90BE287F921" box="[370,384,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 94) have the following mean (and range) values for measured morphological features – ED:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FE3EF928E13BF903" box="[489,572,1703,1727]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.1–4.3); EL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FD05F928E021F903" box="[722,806,1703,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.1–4.3); GD:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB55F64FC12F928E71EF903" box="[965,1049,1703,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(1.4–6.8); GEL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FF0AFF01E243FF1A" box="[221,324,142,166]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="14.3">14.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(7.1–27.9); GL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FE29FF01E161FF1A" box="[510,614,142,166]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="19.1">19.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(10.8–34.4); HWE:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FC92FF01E0ABFF1A" box="[837,940,142,166]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="11.2">11.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(11.2–20.9); HWG: 17.0 mm (8.9–34.5); POL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FE61FF3EE110FF75" box="[438,535,177,201]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="14.6">14.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(7.3–28.5); REW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FD06FF3EE023FF75" box="[721,804,177,201]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(1.2–4.3); SL:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FC6EFF3EE70CFF75" box="[953,1035,177,201]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(2.7–12.4); SRE:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FF01FF5BE22DFF50" box="[214,298,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(3.5–14.6); SW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FE0CFF5BE137FF50" box="[475,560,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(2.0–10.2); WBW:
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB65F67FD2EFF5BE05CFF50" box="[761,859,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="16.7">16.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(8.0–36.8).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372A2FFFFB65F67FF77FEA6E0F7FE3A" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB65F67FF77FEA6E0F7FE3A" blockId="18.[160,1155,297,390]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB65F67FF77FEA6E223FEFD" bold="true" box="[160,292,297,321]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet is a patronym for George E. Beyer, a naturalist at Tulane University early in the 1900s who provided summaries of the herpetofauna of the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AC3F96FFB65F67FF77FEE1E20BFE3A" box="[160,268,366,390]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The recommended English common name is Western Waterdog.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372A2FFFFB65F66FF77FE4CE751FD30" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB65F67FF77FE4CE0ECFDF8" blockId="18.[160,1156,451,1723]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB65F67FF77FE4CE128FE67" bold="true" box="[160,559,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Our re-description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB65F67FCEDFE4CE0E5FE60" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[826,994,451,476]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB65F67FCEDFE4CE0E5FE60" box="[826,994,451,476]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">Necturus beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
restricts each lineage to the following drainages: Mobile lineage – Mobile (AL) to Biloxi (MS); Pearl lineage – Wolf (MS) to Pearl (LA); Pontchartrain lineage – Bayou Bonfouca to Blind River (LA); Western lineage – Calcasieu (LA) to West Fork of the San Jacinto River (TX;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353EDF1FFB65F67FCA0FDA3E0D9FDF8" box="[887,990,556,580]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[160,225,766,789]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,147,726]" captionTargetId="figure-366@17.[163,1153,142,735]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Distribution of localities of specimens assigned to N. beyeri. Open circle is approximate location of type specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5020641" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5020641/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">Figure 12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB65F67FF17FDC1E0ACFB2D" blockId="18.[160,1156,451,1723]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">
|
||
No life history study has been performed on the Mobile lineage. Specimens are known from drainages entering Mobile Bay, where these salamanders can be found in dipnet samples of leaf beds. Farther north, we have sampled them from rocky reaches of the Tallapoosa River and from leaf packs under bridges of the Coosa River. The species is found in the same drainage as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB65F67FDDBFD57E1B3FD4D" authorityName="Neill" authorityYear="1963" box="[524,692,728,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB65F67FDDBFD57E1B3FD4D" box="[524,692,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">N. alabamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but with the Mobile lineage occupying slower-moving waters of the Coastal Plain, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB65F67FD7DFD74E049FCA8" authorityName="Neill" authorityYear="1963" box="[682,846,763,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB65F67FD7DFD74E049FCA8" box="[682,846,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">N. alabamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupying swifter waters of the terminus of the Sand Mountain formation. The two species are both present in the Black Warrior River just east of Northport Lock and Dam, Yellow Creek at Lake Nichol Road crossing, and the North River near Samantha, all in Tuscaloosa County, AL (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FBC6FCEBE3D0FC22" author="Bart HL & Bailey MA & Ashton RE Jr. & Moler PE" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="192 - 201" refId="ref12828" refString="Bart HL, Bailey MA, Ashton RE Jr., Moler PE. 1997. Taxonomic and nomenclatural status of the upper Black Warrior River Waterdog. J Herpetol. 31: 192 - 201. doi: 10.2307 / 1565387." type="journal article" year="1997">Bart et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These represent the only cases of sympatry involving Gulf Coast waterdogs. We examined no specimen that appeared to represent a morphological hybrid.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FBD4FC26E235FC58" author="Gunter G & Brode WE" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="114 - 126" refId="ref13169" refString="Gunter G, Brode WE. 1964. Necturus in the state of Mississippi, with notes on adjacent areas. Herpetologica. 20: 114 - 126." type="journal article" year="1964">Gunter and Brode (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
collected specimens from the Biloxi and Pascagoula drainages, mostly on hooks baited with earthworms. Undercut banks or overhanging stumps and tree trunks associated with deep pools are key habitat features associated with this lineage (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FBE3FB9EE25FFBF0" author="Gunter G & Brode WE" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="114 - 126" refId="ref13169" refString="Gunter G, Brode WE. 1964. Necturus in the state of Mississippi, with notes on adjacent areas. Herpetologica. 20: 114 - 126." type="journal article" year="1964">Gunter and Brode 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Use of litter bags might increase detection of the Mobile lineage in occupied streams. From this sampling technique,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB65F67FD04FBDAE74CFBD2" box="[723,1099,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB65F67FD04FBDAE08EFBD2" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[723,905,1109,1134]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Eurycea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cirrigera">Eurycea cirrigera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB65F67FC41FBDAE74CFBD2" baseAuthorityName="Holbrook" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[918,1099,1109,1134]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Eurycea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadridigitata">E. quadridigitata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB65F67FF77FBF7E29AFB2D" box="[160,413,1144,1169]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conanti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB65F67FF77FBF7E29AFB2D" box="[160,413,1144,1169]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">Desmognathus conanti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known associates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FD77FBF6E099FB2D" author="Lamb JY & Qualls CP" box="[672,926,1145,1169]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="491" refId="ref13375" refString="Lamb JY, Qualls CP. 2013. Necturus beyeri (Gulf Coast Waterdog). Detection by leaf litter bag. Herpetol Rev. 44: 491." type="journal article" year="2013">Lamb and Qualls 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB65F67FF17FB13E0EAF9CA" blockId="18.[160,1156,451,1723]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Within the Pearl lineage, males have swollen cloacal openings and motile sperm in December and January, and detection of gravid females increases during November and December, when mating likely occurs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FDBDFB6EE1F0FB45" author="Shoop CR" box="[618,759,1249,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="357 - 367" refId="ref13798" refString="Shoop CR. 1965. Aspects of reproduction in Louisiana Necturus populations. Am Midland Nat. 74: 357 - 367. doi: 10.2307 / 2423266." type="journal article" year="1965">Shoop 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Undercut banks or overhanging stumps and tree trunks associated with deep pools are key habitat features associated with detection of females and nests. Clutch size averages
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E3AFDFFB65F67FCE5FAA9E089FA82" box="[818,910,1318,1342]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" type="egg">57 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
. Eggs are retained by females and clutches are deposited in April or May in deep water under rocks, logs or other sunken objects. Females attend the nests and can store sperm for at least six months after mating (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FE43FA01E170FA1A" author="Sever DM & Bart HL Jr." box="[404,631,1422,1446]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="927 - 937" refId="ref13756" refString="Sever DM, Bart HL Jr. 1996. Ultrastructure of the spermathecae of Necturus beyeri (Amphibia: Proteidae) in relation to its breeding season. Copeia. 1996: 927 - 937. doi: 10.2307 / 1447655." type="journal article" year="1996">Sever and Bart 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Juveniles and subadults eat isopods, midges, and mayflies while adults feed on mayflies and caddisflies; prey consumption decreases in warm months when leaf litter used by detritivorous prey is decreased (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FC70FA5CE3D0F9B2" author="Bart HL & Holzenthal RW" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="402 - 410" refId="ref12871" refString="Bart HL, Holzenthal RW. 1985. Feeding ecology of Necturus beyeri in Louisiana. Journal of Herpetology. 19: 402 - 410." type="journal article" year="1985">Bart and Holzenthal 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Specimens from coastal areas may occasionally be eaten by blue crabs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FBD4FA79E218F98D" author="Gunter G & Brode WE" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="114 - 126" refId="ref13169" refString="Gunter G, Brode WE. 1964. Necturus in the state of Mississippi, with notes on adjacent areas. Herpetologica. 20: 114 - 126." type="journal article" year="1964">Gunter and Brode 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Pearl lineage often is infested with acanthocephalan parasites, for which waterdogs are a definitive host. These salamander hosts likely become infected via consumption of isopods, the intermediate host (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB65F67FD17F9D1E0E4F9CA" author="Bart HL & Holzenthal RW" box="[704,995,1630,1654]" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" pagination="402 - 410" refId="ref12871" refString="Bart HL, Holzenthal RW. 1985. Feeding ecology of Necturus beyeri in Louisiana. Journal of Herpetology. 19: 402 - 410." type="journal article" year="1985">Bart and Holzenthal 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB65F66FF17F90EE28AFF75" blockId="18.[160,1156,451,1723]" lastBlockId="19.[160,1156,141,652]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="18" pageNumber="32">
|
||
No life history study has been performed on the Pontchartrain lineage. However, recent study of a dense population in Bayou Lacombe has documented the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB75F66FF77FF02E106FF1A" box="[160,513,141,166]" class="Chytridiomycetes" genus="Batrachochytrium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rhizophydiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chytridiomycota" rank="species" species="dendrobatidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB75F66FF77FF02E106FF1A" box="[160,513,141,166]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="33">Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB75F66FD95FF02E024FF1A" box="[578,803,141,166]" class="Chytridiomycetes" genus="Batrachochytrium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rhizophydiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chytridiomycota" rank="species" species="salamandrivorans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB75F66FD95FF02E024FF1A" box="[578,803,141,166]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="33">B. salamandrivorans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in populations of this lineage (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB75F66FF71FF3EE286FF75" author="Glorioso BM & Waddle JH & Richards-Zawacki CL" box="[166,385,177,201]" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" pagination="114 - 126" refId="ref13126" refString="Glorioso BM, Waddle JH, Richards-Zawacki CL. 2017. Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and B. salamandrivorans in the Gulf Coast Waterdog, Necturus beyeri, from southeast Louisiana, USA. Herpetological Review. 48: 114 - 126." type="journal article" year="2017">Glorioso et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB75F66FF17FF5BE751FD30" blockId="19.[160,1156,141,652]" pageId="19" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB75F66FF17FF5BE2B8FF50" author="Brenes R & Ford NB" box="[192,447,212,236]" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" pagination="152 - 156" refId="ref12972" refString="Brenes R, Ford NB. 2006. Seasonality and movements of the Gulf Coast Waterdog (Necturus beyeri) in eastern Texas. Southwestern Naturalist. 51: 152 - 156." type="journal article" year="2006">Brenes and Ford (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provide the only published field study of the Western lineage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB75F66FF77FF7AE3FAFEB2" authorityName="Dubois and Raffaelli" authorityYear="2012" box="[160,253,245,270]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB75F66FF77FF7AE3FAFEB2" box="[160,253,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="33">N. beyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They examined the species in Gilley and Hill Creeks of Smith County, TX where minnow traps placed along stream banks were used to capture waterdogs. The lineage was detected more frequently during November through January; none was detected during May, June, July, and August. This pattern was associated with a negative relationship between captures and water temperature, with no captures occurring when water temperatures exceeded 18°C. Reduction of activity at this temperature is similar to that reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C688AF7FFB75F66FF11FE4AE21BFE62" authorityName="Brimley" authorityYear="1924" box="[198,284,453,478]" class="Amphibia" family="Proteidae" genus="Necturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lewisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB75F66FF11FE4AE21BFE62" box="[198,284,453,478]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="33">N. lewisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF98C85FFB75F66FE91FE49E175FE62" author="Braswell AL & Ashton RE" box="[326,626,454,478]" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" pagination="13 - 35" refId="ref12942" refString="Braswell AL, Ashton RE. 1985. Distribution, ecology, and feeding habits of Necturus lewisi (Brimley). Brimleyana. 10: 13 - 35." type="journal article" year="1985">Braswell and Ashton (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, suggesting similar thermal tolerance within the entire genus. Recaptured individuals typically were found within
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB75F66FCB4FE66E09CFDBD" box="[867,923,489,513]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
of the initial capture, but distances of up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C905C91FFB75F66FE48FD83E2E2FD98" box="[415,485,524,548]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="230.0">230 m</quantity>
|
||
were observed between captures. Males retained in aquaria showed behaviours consistent with defence of underwater refugia during January and February, the presumed breeding period for free-ranging individuals. Animals captured in the field were associated with sandy- or gravel-bottom regions, typically with logjams.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372A2FFFFB75F66FF77FD36E0A6FD48" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7F174FFB75F66FF77FD36E0A6FD48" blockId="19.[160,1155,697,756]" pageId="19" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C2D66FFB75F66FF77FD36E20AFD6D" bold="true" box="[160,269,697,721]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The collection locality of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D34FD6FFB75F66FDBDFD36E1C9FD6D" box="[618,718,697,721]" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
likely is where LA highway 10 crosses the Calcasieu River west of Oakdale (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C97B3FFB75F66FDEAFD53E1B5FD48" box="[573,690,732,756]" degrees="30.822529" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" precision="1" value="30.822529">30.822529</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C97B3FFB75F66FD6DFD53E030FD48" box="[698,823,732,756]" degrees="92.684595" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="33" precision="1" value="-92.68459">-92.684595</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; WGS84).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |