302 lines
46 KiB
XML
302 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="3178BED0DB7B35371E4312984A436743" ID-CLB-Dataset="9490" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4881.2.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96ee279e-6611-4b0e-9fd4-23ca3e63ecb7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4283769" ID-ZooBank="37F1B897-6C25-4F8C-BCF1-1EFDDDFB6E59" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1605977448869" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Watling, Les" docDate="2020" docId="03C087E4FFFD4D5EFF39F924FE7DDDA9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4881.2.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4881 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anthothela echinata Watling 2020, n. comb." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="367" masterDocId="FFF9FF9CFFFC4D58FFAEFF9FFF9EDE0C" masterDocTitle="Toward a revision of the bamboo corals: Part 1, species in the Muricellisidinae (Octocorallia: Isididae)" masterLastPageNumber="371" masterPageNumber="361" pageNumber="362" updateTime="1698846454060" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="43F7C118DAAAE1D74DF7DC4C82272D27">Toward a revision of the bamboo corals: Part 1, species in the Muricellisidinae (Octocorallia: Isididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CBD143B2E229B57C32ACB750C843AE69" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D4DD0B1DF3B65534C943CF70C60E9BE3">Watling, Les</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="02C61CE0D1EABF71714D8D1A7742032B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="485730262F9AB3499791BD08F2622519">
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<mods:date id="F47D93DE7E6C7351A9197B654E56715B">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="090145598F1B809F83233E6DCC6229BD">2020-11-19</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C087E4FFFD4D5EFF39F924FE7DDDA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4328164" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170532487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4328164" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087E4FFFD4D5EFF39F924FE7DDDA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C087E4FFFD4D5EFF39F924FE7DDDA9" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="367" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
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<subSubSection id="C3736579FFFD4D59FF39F924FD74D8DA" box="[151,746,1723,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFD4D59FF39F924FD74D8DA" blockId="1.[151,746,1723,1786]" box="[151,746,1723,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
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<heading id="D09E819EFFFD4D59FF39F924FD74D8DA" bold="true" box="[151,746,1723,1750]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFD4D59FF39F924FD74D8DA" bold="true" box="[151,746,1723,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFD4D59FF39F924FDE6D8DA" ID-CoL="866D9" authority="(Kukenthal, 1915)" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[151,632,1723,1750]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFD4D59FF39F924FE10D8DA" bold="true" box="[151,398,1723,1750]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Anthothela echinata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFD4D59FE33F923FDEED8DA" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[413,624,1724,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="116 - 126" refId="ref3911" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1915) 2. System und Stammesgeschichte der Isididae. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 46, 116 - 126." type="journal article" year="1915">Kükenthal, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E579BFFFD4D59FDD1F923FD74D8DA" box="[639,746,1724,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3736579FFFD4D59FF39F97FFE8CD8F6" box="[151,274,1760,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFD4D59FF39F97FFE8CD8F6" blockId="1.[151,746,1723,1786]" box="[151,274,1760,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13522A77FFFD4D59FF31F97FFE94D8F6" box="[159,266,1760,1786]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,199,1750]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,381,1893]" captionTargetId-0="figure-82@2.[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetId-1="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@4.[151,1436,199,1750]" captionTargetId-3="figure-115@5.[151,1435,381,1893]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Anthothela echinata: a, piece of the holotype with original specimen label; b, several polyps on the distal part of the longer branch; c, SEM view of sagittal section of polyp including calyx (T, infolded tentacle, P, pharyngeal ring, S, septum); d, light microscopy view of sagittal section of polyp and calyx." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Anthothela echinata: a, light microscopy view of polyp from below toward pharyngeal ring showing “eggs” on the inner wall of the calyx; b, same, view from SEM showing pharyngeal ring (P), within which are the tips of the infolded tentacles; c, higher magnification SEM view of the ventral surface of the pharyngeal ring with apparent sclerite (PS) covered with tissue; d, SEM view of septa (S) extending from the pharyngeal ring to the inner wall of the calyx; e, light microscope view of the calcareous internode and organic node of the axis on which the coral was growing; f, SEM view of the outer surface of the calcareous internode; g, SEM view of the inner surface of the calcareous internode." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Anthothela echinata: a, sclerites from the coenenchyme; b, sclerites from the calyx." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Anthothela echinata: a, sclerites of the polyp head collaret (left) and points (right); b, sclerites of the tentacles, lower row spatulate clubs from the pinnules." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283771" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283773" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283775" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283777" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4283771/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4283773/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4283775/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4283777/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3736579FFFD4D59FF39F8BBFCF5D930" box="[151,875,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFD4D59FF39F8BBFCF5D930" blockId="1.[151,875,1828,1853]" box="[151,875,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFD4D59FF39F8BBFDF2D931" ID-CoL="855PZ" authority="Kukenthal, 1915, p. 124" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityPageNumber="124" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,620,1828,1853]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Muricellisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFD4D59FF39F8BBFEF0D930" box="[151,366,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Muricellisis echinata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFD4D59FEDAF8BBFD81D930" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[372,543,1828,1852]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="116 - 126" refId="ref3911" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1915) 2. System und Stammesgeschichte der Isididae. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 46, 116 - 126." type="journal article" year="1915">Kükenthal, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 124
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFD4D59FDD8F8BBFCBCD931" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[630,802,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="1 - 946" refId="ref3935" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1919) Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftlishe Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valdivia " 1898 - 1899, 13 (2), 1 - 946." type="journal article" year="1919">Kükenthal, 1919</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 627
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3736579FFFD4D59FF39F8F5FC7ED9FD" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFD4D59FF39F8F5FC7ED9FD" blockId="1.[151,1436,1898,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFD4D59FF39F8F5FE8CD988" bold="true" box="[151,274,1898,1924]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Colony membranaceous. Polyp cylindrical, often exsert or invaginated into calyx, crowded together with little coenenchyme space. Coenenchyme and calyx sclerites clubs, thorn-clubs, sticks and spindles; polyp sclerites sticks and spindles arranged as collaret and points. Tentacle sclerites short, flat tuberculate rods along the rachis with spatulate clubs in the pinnules. Pharyngeal sclerites not known.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3736579FFFE4D5AFF39FF08FDD1DED9" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFE4D5AFF39FF08FCAADEBD" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,321]" box="[151,820,150,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
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<materialsCitation id="3B013CAFFFFE4D5AFF39FF08FCAADEBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2985581303" box="[151,820,150,177]" country="Germany" location="Museum" municipality="Naturkunde" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Berlin" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFE4D5AFF39FF08FED0DEBC" bold="true" box="[151,334,150,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
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<typeStatus id="54D28850FFFE4D5AFF39FF08FF4CDEBD" box="[151,210,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Type</typeStatus>
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||
specimen.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<location id="8EB66029FFFE4D5AFEFBFF08FE29DEBD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087E4FFFD4D5EFF39F924FE7DDDA9:8EB66029FFFE4D5AFEFBFF08FE29DEBD" box="[341,439,151,177]" country="Germany" municipality="Naturkunde" name="Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" stateProvince="Berlin">Museum</location>
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für
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BB2AC88FFFE4D5AFE48FF08FDF3DEBD" box="[486,621,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Naturkunde</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49ADF810FFFE4D5AFDD6FF08FD5FDEBD" box="[632,705,151,177]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Berlin</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F37E7662FFFE4D5AFD62FF08FCAADEBD" box="[716,820,151,177]" name="Germany" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Germany</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFE4D5AFF69FF24FDD1DED9" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,321]" box="[199,591,186,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
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<materialsCitation id="3B013CAFFFFE4D5AFF69FF24FDD1DED9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2985581301" box="[199,591,186,213]" elevation="730" location="Sagami Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" specimenCount="730" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFE4D5AFF69FF24FEF8DED8" bold="true" box="[199,358,186,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
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<typeStatus id="54D28850FFFE4D5AFF69FF24FE9CDED9" box="[199,258,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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||
<location id="8EB66029FFFE4D5AFEC2FF24FE6BDED9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087E4FFFD4D5EFF39F924FE7DDDA9:8EB66029FFFE4D5AFEC2FF24FE6BDED9" box="[364,501,187,213]" name="Sagami Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Sagami Bay</location>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D6FFD7BFFFE4D5AFDAFFF24FDD1DED9" box="[513,591,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" type="generic">
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<quantity id="4C919B17FFFE4D5AFDAFFF24FDD5DED9" box="[513,587,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" unit="m" value="730.0">
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<elevation id="0044D1C1FFFE4D5AFDAFFF24FDD5DED9" box="[513,587,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" unit="m" value="730.0">730 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3736579FFFE4D5DFF69FF41FE12DF69" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFE4D5AFF69FF41FB8ADF4D" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFE4D5AFF69FF41FEC7DEF4" bold="true" box="[199,345,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Description.</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54D28850FFFE4D5AFE3EFF40FE5EDEF5" box="[400,448,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">type</typeStatus>
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||
consists of three fragments totaling
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFE4D5AFCFCFF40FC0BDEF5" box="[850,917,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFE4D5AFB82FF40FB6ADEF5" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[1068,1268,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" pagination="1 - 946" refId="ref3935" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1919) Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftlishe Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valdivia " 1898 - 1899, 13 (2), 1 - 946." type="journal article" year="1919">Kükenthal (1919)</bibRefCitation>
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. The following description applies to an
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||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFE4D5AFE1CFE9CFE77DF11" box="[434,489,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
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||
piece loaned from the Museum für Naturkunde (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFFE4D5AFBBAFE9CFBFBDF11" box="[1044,1125,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-82@2.[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anthothela echinata: a, piece of the holotype with original specimen label; b, several polyps on the distal part of the longer branch; c, SEM view of sagittal section of polyp including calyx (T, infolded tentacle, P, pharyngeal ring, S, septum); d, light microscopy view of sagittal section of polyp and calyx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283771/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
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||
). The colony is membranaceous, overgrowing a piece of axis from a keratoisid bamboo coral (
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<figureCitation id="13522A77FFFE4D5AFC3FFEB8FC4ADF4D" box="[913,980,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Anthothela echinata: a, light microscopy view of polyp from below toward pharyngeal ring showing “eggs” on the inner wall of the calyx; b, same, view from SEM showing pharyngeal ring (P), within which are the tips of the infolded tentacles; c, higher magnification SEM view of the ventral surface of the pharyngeal ring with apparent sclerite (PS) covered with tissue; d, SEM view of septa (S) extending from the pharyngeal ring to the inner wall of the calyx; e, light microscope view of the calcareous internode and organic node of the axis on which the coral was growing; f, SEM view of the outer surface of the calcareous internode; g, SEM view of the inner surface of the calcareous internode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283773/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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e–g).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFE4D5AFF39F8E9FC89D9DA" blockId="2.[151,1436,1910,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFE4D5AFF39F8E9FE8AD982" bold="true" box="[151,276,1910,1934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFE4D5AFEB5F8E9FE77D982" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[283,489,1910,1934]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFE4D5AFEB5F8E9FE77D982" box="[283,489,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Anthothela echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a, piece of the holotype with original specimen label; b, several polyps on the distal part of the longer branch; c, SEM view of sagittal section of polyp including calyx (T, infolded tentacle, P, pharyngeal ring, S, septum); d, light microscopy view of sagittal section of polyp and calyx.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF16667AFFFF4D5BFF39F94CFC7AD993" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4283773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283773/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="364" startId="3.[151,250,1747,1771]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1723]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFF4D5BFF39F94CFC7AD993" blockId="3.[151,1437,1747,1952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFF4D5BFF39F94CFE8CD8E7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1747,1771]" pageId="3" pageNumber="364">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFF4D5BFEB6F94CFE7BD8E7" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[280,485,1747,1771]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="364" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFF4D5BFEB6F94CFE7BD8E7" box="[280,485,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="364">Anthothela echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a, light microscopy view of polyp from below toward pharyngeal ring showing “eggs” on the inner wall of the calyx; b, same, view from SEM showing pharyngeal ring (P), within which are the tips of the infolded tentacles; c, higher magnification SEM view of the ventral surface of the pharyngeal ring with apparent sclerite (PS) covered with tissue; d, SEM view of septa (S) extending from the pharyngeal ring to the inner wall of the calyx; e, light microscope view of the calcareous internode and organic node of the axis on which the coral was growing; f, SEM view of the outer surface of the calcareous internode; g, SEM view of the inner surface of the calcareous internode.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF16667AFFF84D5CFF39F972FBF6D90A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283775" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4283775" box="[151,1128,1773,1798]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283775/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="365" startId="4.[151,250,1773,1797]" targetBox="[151,1436,199,1750]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFF84D5CFF39F972FBF6D90A" blockId="4.[151,1128,1773,1798]" box="[151,1128,1773,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFF84D5CFF39F972FE8DD90A" bold="true" box="[151,275,1773,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFF84D5CFEB7F971FE78D90A" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[281,486,1774,1798]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="365" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFF84D5CFEB7F971FE78D90A" box="[281,486,1774,1798]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">Anthothela echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a, sclerites from the coenenchyme; b, sclerites from the calyx.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFF84D5DFF69F8ABFC49DED9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1844,2015]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">
|
||
Polyp calyces are very closely arranged with little coenenchyme space between them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF84D5CFB21F8ABFB7ED943" box="[1167,1248,1844,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-82@2.[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anthothela echinata: a, piece of the holotype with original specimen label; b, several polyps on the distal part of the longer branch; c, SEM view of sagittal section of polyp including calyx (T, infolded tentacle, P, pharyngeal ring, S, septum); d, light microscopy view of sagittal section of polyp and calyx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283771/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyps are cylindrical, short, and mostly invaginated within the calyx, with the tentacles folded into the polyp (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF84D5CFB5EF8C7FAC3D97F" box="[1264,1373,1880,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-82@2.[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anthothela echinata: a, piece of the holotype with original specimen label; b, several polyps on the distal part of the longer branch; c, SEM view of sagittal section of polyp including calyx (T, infolded tentacle, P, pharyngeal ring, S, septum); d, light microscopy view of sagittal section of polyp and calyx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283771/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">Fig. 1c, d</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyp does not appear to have a typical cylindrical pharynx, rather there is a thick ring of tissue (“pharyngeal ring”) attached at the proximal end of the polyp as it invaginates into the calyx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF84D5CFC75F83FFBFDD9B6" box="[987,1123,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-82@2.[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anthothela echinata: a, piece of the holotype with original specimen label; b, several polyps on the distal part of the longer branch; c, SEM view of sagittal section of polyp including calyx (T, infolded tentacle, P, pharyngeal ring, S, septum); d, light microscopy view of sagittal section of polyp and calyx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283771/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">Fig 1c, d, P</figureCitation>
|
||
). A few sclerites are visible under the tissue on the proximal (ventral) side of the pharyngeal ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF84D5CFC0DF85BFB8ED9D2" box="[931,1040,1988,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Anthothela echinata: a, light microscopy view of polyp from below toward pharyngeal ring showing “eggs” on the inner wall of the calyx; b, same, view from SEM showing pharyngeal ring (P), within which are the tips of the infolded tentacles; c, higher magnification SEM view of the ventral surface of the pharyngeal ring with apparent sclerite (PS) covered with tissue; d, SEM view of septa (S) extending from the pharyngeal ring to the inner wall of the calyx; e, light microscope view of the calcareous internode and organic node of the axis on which the coral was growing; f, SEM view of the outer surface of the calcareous internode; g, SEM view of the inner surface of the calcareous internode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283773/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="365">Fig. 2b, c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Short septa (S) extend proximally to the calyx wall from the pharyngeal ring and seem to spread across the interior of the calyx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF94D5DFB6FFF08FAB1DEBD" box="[1217,1327,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-82@2.[151,1436,345,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anthothela echinata: a, piece of the holotype with original specimen label; b, several polyps on the distal part of the longer branch; c, SEM view of sagittal section of polyp including calyx (T, infolded tentacle, P, pharyngeal ring, S, septum); d, light microscopy view of sagittal section of polyp and calyx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283771/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">Fig. 1c, d</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF94D5DFA92FF08FA11DEBE" box="[1340,1423,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Anthothela echinata: a, light microscopy view of polyp from below toward pharyngeal ring showing “eggs” on the inner wall of the calyx; b, same, view from SEM showing pharyngeal ring (P), within which are the tips of the infolded tentacles; c, higher magnification SEM view of the ventral surface of the pharyngeal ring with apparent sclerite (PS) covered with tissue; d, SEM view of septa (S) extending from the pharyngeal ring to the inner wall of the calyx; e, light microscope view of the calcareous internode and organic node of the axis on which the coral was growing; f, SEM view of the outer surface of the calcareous internode; g, SEM view of the inner surface of the calcareous internode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283773/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
|
||
). In one case, eggs appear to be present along the inner calyx wall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF94D5DFCD9FF24FC57DED9" box="[887,969,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,1723]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Anthothela echinata: a, light microscopy view of polyp from below toward pharyngeal ring showing “eggs” on the inner wall of the calyx; b, same, view from SEM showing pharyngeal ring (P), within which are the tips of the infolded tentacles; c, higher magnification SEM view of the ventral surface of the pharyngeal ring with apparent sclerite (PS) covered with tissue; d, SEM view of septa (S) extending from the pharyngeal ring to the inner wall of the calyx; e, light microscope view of the calcareous internode and organic node of the axis on which the coral was growing; f, SEM view of the outer surface of the calcareous internode; g, SEM view of the inner surface of the calcareous internode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283773/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFF94D5DFF69FF40FE12DF69" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">
|
||
The sclerites of the coenenchyme consists of sticks and small clubs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF94D5DFC74FF40FBB3DEF5" box="[986,1069,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,199,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,199,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anthothela echinata: a, sclerites from the coenenchyme; b, sclerites from the calyx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283775/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Most of the calyx sclerites are small clubs and thorn clubs of various sizes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A77FFF94D5DFD36FE9CFD73DF12" box="[664,749,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,199,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,199,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anthothela echinata: a, sclerites from the coenenchyme; b, sclerites from the calyx." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283775/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyp sclerites are spindles in a collaret (?) and points arrangement. Flattened tuberculate rods are common on the tentacle rachis and small rods and spatulate clubs are found in the pinnules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF16667AFFF94D5DFF39F8E2FDC5D9B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4283777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4283777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4283777/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="366" startId="5.[151,250,1917,1941]" targetBox="[151,1435,381,1893]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFF94D5DFF39F8E2FDC5D9B5" blockId="5.[151,1436,1917,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFF94D5DFF39F8E2FE8BD999" bold="true" box="[151,277,1917,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFF94D5DFEB3F8E2FE72D999" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[285,492,1917,1941]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="366" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFF94D5DFEB3F8E2FE72D999" box="[285,492,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="366">Anthothela echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a, sclerites of the polyp head collaret (left) and points (right); b, sclerites of the tentacles, lower row spatulate clubs from the pinnules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3736579FFFA4D5EFF69FF08FE7DDDA9" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFA4D5EFF69FF08FC27DF4D" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFF69FF08FEA5DEBD" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFA4D5EFEECFF08FD9EDEBD" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[322,512,150,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" pagination="116 - 126" refId="ref3911" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1915) 2. System und Stammesgeschichte der Isididae. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 46, 116 - 126." type="journal article" year="1915">Kükenthal (1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFA4D5EFDA2FF08FDDBDEBD" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[524,581,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" pagination="1 - 946" refId="ref3935" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1919) Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftlishe Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valdivia " 1898 - 1899, 13 (2), 1 - 946." type="journal article" year="1919">1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) created the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFCFCFF08FC46DEBD" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1915" box="[850,984,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Muricellisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFCFCFF08FC46DEBD" box="[850,984,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">Muricellisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for this species and added it to the Family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFF12FF24FE8BDED9" box="[188,277,187,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Isididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a new subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFE57FF24FD2FDED9" box="[505,689,187,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricellisidinae">Muricellisidinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the presence of a calcareous axis with nodes and internodes underlying the polyps and coenenchyme. However, the curious form of the polyps and the spiny and tuberculate sclerites were unlike anything seen in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFDCDFE9CFD22DF11" box="[611,700,259,285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Isididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
to that time. Kükenthal noted that had the calcareous axis not been present, he would have thought this species to be similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFC9AFEB8FC2CDF4D" box="[820,946,295,321]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muriceides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFC9AFEB8FC2CDF4D" box="[820,946,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">Muriceides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFA4D5EFF69FED4FA82DC6D" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">
|
||
The sclerites of this species, in particular the thorn-clubs of the calyx wall and spatulate clubs in the pinnules, suggests that the species belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFDF6FEF0FD64DF85" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1916" box="[600,762,367,393]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Anthothelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the documentation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFA4D5EFB22FEF0FAF4DF85" author="Moore, K. M. & Alderslade, P. & Miller, K. J." box="[1164,1386,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" pagination="1 - 212" refId="ref4043" refString="Moore, K. M., Alderslade, P. & Miller, K. J. (2017) A taxonomic revision of Anthothela (Octocorallia: Scleraxonia: Anthothelidae) and related genera, with addition of new taxa, using morphological and molecular data. Zootaxa, 4304 (1), 1 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4304.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Moore
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFB71FEF0FA86DF85" box="[1247,1304,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that some members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFE7FFE0CFDD2DFA1" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[465,588,403,429]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFE7FFE0CFDD2DFA1" box="[465,588,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">Anthothela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could exist as membranous colonies with no axis cortex and medulla, hinted at the possibility that the keratoisidid axis present here could merely be a substrate on which the colony was growing. In fact, the form of the axis is definitely keratoisid-like, but also seems to be considerably degraded (images not shown). However, there are no members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFD04FE60FCD3DC15" box="[682,845,511,537]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Keratoisidinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Keratoisidinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
that have sclerites in the form possessed by this species. The most parsimonious explanation for the disparity between the form of the axis and the nature of the polyps and sclerites is that the octocoral and the axis on which it is growing do not belong to the same species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F2FFFA4D5EFF69FDF4FE7DDDA9" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">
|
||
From the review of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFE7EFDF4FDF1DC89" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1916" box="[464,623,619,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Anthothelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B03FFFA4D5EFD37FDF4FCE7DC89" author="Moore, K. M. & Alderslade, P. & Miller, K. J." box="[665,889,619,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" pagination="1 - 212" refId="ref4043" refString="Moore, K. M., Alderslade, P. & Miller, K. J. (2017) A taxonomic revision of Anthothela (Octocorallia: Scleraxonia: Anthothelidae) and related genera, with addition of new taxa, using morphological and molecular data. Zootaxa, 4304 (1), 1 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4304.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Moore
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFD42FDF4FCBADC89" box="[748,804,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, there does not seem to be any known species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFEA7FD10FE1ADCA5" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[265,388,655,681]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFEA7FD10FE1ADCA5" box="[265,388,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">Anthothela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to which this species could belong. Several species have colonies with fully formed axes but as well are membranous growing on some unrelated substrate such as sponge spicules. Of the seven species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFADAFD2CFF6DDCFD" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFADAFD2CFF6DDCFD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">Anthothela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, three have thorn clubs: in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFD8FFD48FD09DCFD" box="[545,663,727,753]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vickersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFD8FFD48FD09DCFD" box="[545,663,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. vickersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the thorn clubs are mostly rounded at the tips; those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFAAEFD48FA02DCFD" box="[1280,1436,727,753]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aldersladei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFAAEFD48FA02DCFD" box="[1280,1436,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. aldersladei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFF66FD64FECDDD19" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" box="[200,339,763,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFF66FD64FECDDD19" box="[200,339,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. tropicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are most like those seen here in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFD7EFD64FCCFDD19" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[720,849,763,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFD7EFD64FCCFDD19" box="[720,849,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFC6CFD64FBFFDD19" box="[962,1121,763,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aldersladei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFC6CFD64FBFFDD19" box="[962,1121,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. aldersladei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the thorn clubs are shorter (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFA4D5EFF31FC81FEA9DD35" box="[159,311,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" unit="mm" value="0.475" valueMax="0.55" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFE33FC80FDB9DD35" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" box="[413,551,799,825]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFE33FC80FDB9DD35" box="[413,551,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. tropicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFA4D5EFD99FC80FD7FDD35" box="[567,737,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.550000000000001" metricValueMax="7.800000000000001" metricValueMin="3.3000000000000003" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" unit="mm" value="0.555" valueMax="0.78" valueMin="0.33">0.33–0.78 mm</quantity>
|
||
). The calyces in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFC31FC80FBA3DD35" box="[927,1085,799,825]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aldersladei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFC31FC80FBA3DD35" box="[927,1085,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. aldersladei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, are much taller than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFF1AFCDCFEAADD51" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[180,308,835,861]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFF1AFCDCFEAADD51" box="[180,308,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFA4D5EFEEAFCDDFE53DD51" box="[324,461,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFA4D5EFDC8FCDDFD44DD51" box="[614,730,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFA4D5EFCB8FCDDFC17DD51" box="[790,905,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B17FFFA4D5EFBB2FCDDFB0CDD51" box="[1052,1170,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Hockey stick sclerites were not observed in the few calyces and polyps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D71FFFA4D5EFD49FCF8FCF9DD8D" authorityName="Watling" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Kukenthal" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[743,871,871,897]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE0FFFA4D5EFD49FCF8FCF9DD8D" box="[743,871,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="367">A. echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that were examined. Their absence would further distinguish these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |