413 lines
54 KiB
XML
413 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="ED2C03173D94ED8E375BDBB3F4EFC957" ID-CLB-Dataset="30667" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2018.407" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd944d67-5196-4c44-8497-416acd882bb0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1183845" ID-ZooBank="23400D07-8995-4BCC-ADB2-92DDBC4A0161" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1519462052324" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hsiao, Yun, Ondřej Konvička & Chiun-Cheng Ko" docDate="2018" docId="03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-407_hsiao_konvicka.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 407" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synchroa chinensis Nikitsky 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFF9FFC47D1DFF9FFFDDFFB64B610B7F" masterDocTitle="The world fauna of Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea, Synchroidae)" masterLastPageNumber="33" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698524338691" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="33E6319EE4F2511F4E937A491723047B">
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<mods:title id="155FD90543094E80464453A184A4AA04">The world fauna of Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea, Synchroidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3CB098EBA8FF31A54AF0EDB0EC2915D6">Hsiao, Yun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="34579240ED7EE5F645F6DC81AAE73A46">Ondřej Konvička</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="572D12FF3018756E5C0A850545AC66DC">Chiun-Cheng Ko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B314BF34E59558104EDC309FE21A6C52">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F725ABB540768694CA02072FE0B918D2">
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<mods:date id="0A97D84C24BF475058570226B1136D52">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7E232FDB8A2F7297DADE781EA2889463">2018-02-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="205EB31050084C8C4F12EEF35CA32C38">407</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4D0E737AE735410403CA6C4F625B562E" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2018.407</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5697786" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141124779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5697786" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFD94FDC2488A09F0" blockId="18.[585,1003,628,692]" box="[585,1003,628,655]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="D09E81C67D0FFF8DFD94FDC2488A09F0" box="[585,1003,628,655]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D297D0FFF8DFD94FDC2488A09F0" authority="Nikitsky, 1999" authorityName="Nikitsky" authorityYear="1999" box="[585,1003,628,655]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Synchroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0FFF8DFD94FDC2485709F0" bold="true" box="[585,822,628,655]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Synchroa chinensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B5B7D0FFF8DFCE3FDC2488A09F0" author="Nikitsky N. B." box="[830,1003,628,655]" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="475 - 481" part="79" refId="ref14390" refString="Nikitsky N. B. 1999. To the knowledge of beetles of the family Synchroidae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea) in the world fauna. Entomological Review 79: 475 - 481" title="To the knowledge of beetles of the family Synchroidae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea) in the world fauna" type="journal article" year="1999">Nikitsky, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37365217D0FFF8DFD90FD2F488609CC" box="[589,999,665,692]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFD90FD2F488609CC" blockId="18.[585,1003,628,692]" box="[589,999,665,692]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0FFF8DFD90FD2F49A609CC" box="[589,711,665,691]" captionStart="Fig. 3" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,272,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[215,1373,266,1869]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus, dorsal view. A–B. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. G–H. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015. I. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. J–K. Synchroina tenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. L. Thescelosynchroa pangu (Hsiao, Li, Liu & Pang, 2016) gen. et comb.nov.A, C, E, G, I, J, L = ♂. B, D, F, H, K = ♀. Scale bars: 5.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183851/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 3E–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0FFF8DFD0FFD2F486E09CC" box="[722,783,665,691]" captionStart="Fig. 4" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,255,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[234,1353,255,1858]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Elytron and abdominal ventrite V. A–F. Elytron. G–L. Abdominal ventrite V of ♂♂. — A, G. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. B, H. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. C, I. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. D, J. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015.E, K. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. F, L. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183853/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">4C, I</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0FFF8DFCC1FD2F48E109CC" box="[796,896,665,692]" captionStart="Fig. 5" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[192,1389,268,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[178,1402,249,1817]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Abdominal sternite VIII–IX and tergite VIII–X of ♂♂. A, C, E, G, I, K. Abdominal tergite VIII. B, D, F, H, J, L. Abdominal sternite VIII. M–R. Abdominal sternite IX, and fused tergite IX and X. — A–B, M. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D, N. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F, O.S.chinensisNikitsky, 1999.G–H,P.S.formosana Hsiao,2015.I–J,Q. S.elongatulaNikitsky,1999. K–L, R. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183855/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">5E–F, O</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0FFF8DFC56FD2F48AD09CC" box="[907,972,665,691]" captionStart="Fig. 6" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[247,1337,257,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[241,1347,255,1833]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 6. Aedeagus. A–E. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. F–I. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. J–K. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. L. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015. M–N. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. O–P. Synchroina tenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Q–R. Thescelosynchroa pangu (Hsiao, Li, Liu & Pang, 2016) gen. et comb. nov. — A–C, F–G, J, L–M, O, Q. Dorsal view. D–E, H–I, K, N, P, R. Lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183857/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">6J–K</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0FFF8DFC05FD2F488609CC" box="[984,999,665,691]" captionStart="Fig. 7" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,909,1602]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[227,1361,910,1600]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Distribution map of Synchroa chinensis Nikitsky, 1999 from China." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183859/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37365217D0FFF8DFF60FD6A49F70989" box="[189,662,732,758]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60FD6A49F70989" blockId="18.[189,662,732,758]" box="[189,662,732,758]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D297D0FFF8DFF60FD6A49F30989" authority="Nikitsky, 1999: 478" authorityName="Nikitsky" authorityPageNumber="478" authorityYear="1999" box="[189,658,732,758]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Synchroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0FFF8DFF60FD6A4AFE0989" box="[189,415,732,758]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Synchroa chinensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B5B7D0FFF8DFE7AFD6A49360989" author="Nikitsky N. B." box="[423,599,732,758]" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="475 - 481" part="79" refId="ref14390" refString="Nikitsky N. B. 1999. To the knowledge of beetles of the family Synchroidae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea) in the world fauna. Entomological Review 79: 475 - 481" title="To the knowledge of beetles of the family Synchroidae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea) in the world fauna" type="journal article" year="1999">Nikitsky, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 478
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37365217D0FFF8DFF60FCA849F108A9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60FCA84A570847" blockId="18.[189,310,798,824]" box="[189,310,798,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="D09E81C67D0FFF8DFF60FCA84A570847" bold="true" box="[189,310,798,824]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0FFF8DFF60FCA84A570847" bold="true" box="[189,310,798,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60FCF849F108A9" blockId="18.[189,1398,846,983]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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This species resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D297D0FFF8DFE0EFCF8483C0816" authority="Hsiao, 2015" authorityName="Hsiao" authorityYear="2015" box="[467,861,846,873]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Synchroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0FFF8DFE0EFCF849A70816" box="[467,710,846,873]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Synchroa formosana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B5B7D0FFF8DFD13FCF8483C0816" author="Hsiao Y." box="[718,861,846,873]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="243 - 248" part="55" refId="ref13788" refString="Hsiao Y. 2015. A new species of the genus Synchroa from Taiwan, with a key to the world fauna (Coleoptera: Synchroidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 243 - 248." title="A new species of the genus Synchroa from Taiwan, with a key to the world fauna (Coleoptera: Synchroidae)" type="journal article" year="2015">Hsiao, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the unmargined lateral sides of pronotum, but can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: blackish-brown body and reddishbrown to dark brown antennae, apical maxillary palpomere and tarsi; aedeagus: more slender paramere and narrower basal part of median lobe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37365217D0FFF8DFF60FC4949960E12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60FC494ACB0F66" blockId="18.[189,426,1023,1049]" box="[189,426,1023,1049]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="D09E81C67D0FFF8DFF60FC494ACB0F66" bold="true" box="[189,426,1023,1049]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0FFF8DFF60FC494ACB0F66" bold="true" box="[189,426,1023,1049]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60FB9949960E12" blockId="18.[189,1399,1069,1389]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<materialsCitation id="3B013CF77D0FFF8DFF60FB994F760F12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821767003" collectingDate="1999-08-15" collectingDateMax="1999-10-15" collectingDateMin="1999-08-15" collectionCode="OKZC" country="China" elevation="1900" latitude="33.916668" location="Shaanxi" longLatPrecision="1202" longitude="107.816666" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Shaanxi">
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<collectingCountry id="F37E763A7D0FFF8DFF60FB994A790F36" box="[189,280,1071,1097]" name="China" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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(mainland):
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<specimenCount id="9D6FFD237D0FFF8DFE1FFB9949710F36" box="[450,528,1071,1097]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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, Tajbashan Range, Houzhenzi vill. env.,
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<collectingRegion id="49ADF8487D0FFF8DFBFBFB994FE40F36" box="[1062,1157,1071,1097]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
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[prov.],
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5D506D7D0FFF8DFF60FBE74A570F11" box="[189,310,1105,1134]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="107.816666">107°49′ E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFE99FBE54AC00F11" box="[324,417,1107,1134]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1900.0">
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<elevation id="0044D1997D0FFF8DFE99FBE54AC00F11" box="[324,417,1107,1134]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFD7106A7D0FFF8DFE6DFBE549DD0F12" box="[432,700,1107,1134]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1999-08-15" valueMax="1999-10-15" valueMin="1999-08-15">
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<collectingDate id="EF93E9827D0FFF8DFE6DFBE549DD0F12" box="[432,700,1107,1134]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1999-08-15" valueMax="1999-10-15" valueMin="1999-08-15">15 Aug.–15 Oct. 1999</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, collector unknown (
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<collectionCode id="ED78AE6F7D0FFF8DFC64FBE54F6E0F12" box="[953,1039,1107,1133]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">OKZC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
|
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;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B013CF77D0FFF8DFBF8FBE54AA80FC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821766899" collectingDate="2000-05-25" collectingDateMax="2000-07-14" collectingDateMin="2000-05-25" collectionCode="OKCZ" collectorName="A. Plutenko" country="China" elevation="1950" latitude="32.133335" location="Daba Shan Mts" longLatPrecision="1212" longitude="108.61667" municipality="Shouman" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shaanxi">
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1 ex.,
|
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<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFBACFBE54FDD0F12" box="[1137,1212,1107,1134]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
south of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB2ACD07D0FFF8DFAEDFBE54B930FED" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Shouman</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8EB660717D0FFF8DFEDCFBCE4ADF0FED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860:8EB660717D0FFF8DFEDCFBCE4ADF0FED" box="[257,446,1144,1170]" country="China" latitude="32.133335" longLatPrecision="1212" longitude="108.61667" municipality="Shouman" name="Daba Shan Mts" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Daba Shan Mts</location>
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,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ADF8487D0FFF8DFE10FBCE494D0FED" box="[461,556,1144,1170]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
Prov.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5D506D7D0FFF8DFD59FBCE49970FED" box="[644,758,1144,1170]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="32.133335">32°08´N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5D506D7D0FFF8DFCD8FBCE48E30FED" box="[773,898,1144,1170]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="108.61667">108°37´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFC4FFBCE4F580FED" box="[914,1081,1144,1170]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="1800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0044D1997D0FFF8DFC4FFBCE4F580FED" box="[914,1081,1144,1170]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="1800.0">1800–2100 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD7106A7D0FFF8DFB95FBCE4E2C0FED" box="[1096,1357,1144,1171]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2000-05-25" valueMax="2000-07-14" valueMin="2000-05-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF93E9827D0FFF8DFB95FBCE4E2C0FED" box="[1096,1357,1144,1171]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2000-05-25" valueMax="2000-07-14" valueMin="2000-05-25">25 May–14 Jul. 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269C537C7D0FFF8DFA87FBCE4A440FC9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. Plutenko</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE6F7D0FFF8DFEB6FB2A4AA00FC9" box="[363,449,1180,1206]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">OKCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B013CF77D0FFF8DFE0AFB2A4E520FC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821767113" box="[471,1331,1180,1207]" collectingDate="2009-05-23" collectingDateMax="2009-05-30" collectingDateMin="2009-05-23" collectionCode="MAIC" collectorName="E. Kucera" country="China" location="Lueyang" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Shaanxi">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6FFD237D0FFF8DFE0AFB2A49640FC8" box="[471,517,1180,1207]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB660717D0FFF8DFDC8FB2B491E0FC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860:8EB660717D0FFF8DFDC8FB2B491E0FC8" box="[533,639,1181,1207]" country="China" name="Lueyang" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Lueyang</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ADF8487D0FFF8DFD51FB2A498A0FC9" box="[652,747,1180,1206]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
prov.,
|
||
<date id="FFD7106A7D0FFF8DFCE2FB2A4F6E0FC9" box="[831,1039,1180,1207]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2009-05-23" valueMax="2009-05-30" valueMin="2009-05-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF93E9827D0FFF8DFCE2FB2A4F6E0FC9" box="[831,1039,1180,1207]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2009-05-23" valueMax="2009-05-30" valueMin="2009-05-23">23–30 May 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269C537C7D0FFF8DFBC1FB2B4FF20FC9" box="[1052,1171,1180,1207]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. Kučera</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE6F7D0FFF8DFB05FB2A4E4A0FC9" box="[1240,1323,1180,1206]" country="Greece" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13566" name="Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MAIC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B013CF77D0FFF8DFA9CFB2A4A3B0F80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821767114" collectingDate="2010-08-06" collectingDateMax="2010-08-13" collectingDateMin="2010-08-06" collectionCode="OKZC" collectorName="S. Murzin" country="China" elevation="1500" location="Chengdu" municipality="Qingchenghou Shan Mts" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6FFD237D0FFF8DFA9CFB2A4E0E0FC8" box="[1345,1391,1180,1207]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB2ACD07D0FFF8DFF60FB774A840FA4" box="[189,485,1217,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Qingchenghou Shan Mts</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFE2FFB77495C0FA4" box="[498,573,1217,1243]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="km" value="70.0">70 km</quantity>
|
||
NW of
|
||
<location id="8EB660717D0FFF8DFD43FB77486A0FA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860:8EB660717D0FFF8DFD43FB77486A0FA4" box="[670,779,1217,1243]" country="China" municipality="Qingchenghou Shan Mts" name="Chengdu" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Sichuan">Chengdu</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ADF8487D0FFF8DFCC5FB7748160FA4" box="[792,887,1217,1243]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
|
||
prov.,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFC14FB774F440FA4" box="[969,1061,1217,1244]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0044D1997D0FFF8DFC14FB774F440FA4" box="[969,1061,1217,1244]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD7106A7D0FFF8DFBEEFB774F950FA4" box="[1075,1268,1217,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2010-08-06" valueMax="2010-08-13" valueMin="2010-08-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF93E9827D0FFF8DFBEEFB774F950FA4" box="[1075,1268,1217,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2010-08-06" valueMax="2010-08-13" valueMin="2010-08-06">6–13 Aug. 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269C537C7D0FFF8DFADDFB774E170FA4" box="[1280,1398,1217,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. Murzin</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE6F7D0FFF8DFF26FB534A300F80" box="[251,337,1253,1279]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">OKZC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B013CF77D0FFF8DFEB4FB5348120E5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821767105" collectingDate="2012-07-04" collectingDateMax="2012-07-20" collectingDateMin="2012-07-04" collectionCode="OKZC" collectorName="M. Murzin" country="China" county="Nanping" elevation="1700" latitude="33.2435" location="Jiuzhaigou" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="104.2383" municipality="Jiunaigou" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Sichuan">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6FFD237D0FFF8DFEB4FB534AD00E7F" box="[361,433,1253,1280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6FFD237D0FFF8DFE1CFB534A910E7F" box="[449,496,1253,1280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62B74E267D0FFF8DFDDFFB5349060F80" box="[514,615,1253,1279]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Nanping</collectingCounty>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB2ACD07D0FFF8DFDA7FB5349910E7F" box="[634,752,1253,1280]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Jiunaigou</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
) [=
|
||
<location id="8EB660717D0FFF8DFCC4FB5348FE0E7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860:8EB660717D0FFF8DFCC4FB5348FE0E7F" box="[793,927,1253,1280]" country="China" county="Nanping" latitude="33.2435" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="104.2383" municipality="Jiunaigou" name="Jiuzhaigou" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Sichuan">Jiuzhaigou</location>
|
||
] env.,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ADF8487D0FFF8DFC2FFB534F300F80" box="[1010,1105,1253,1279]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
|
||
prov.,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFB74FB534E660E7F" box="[1193,1287,1253,1280]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0044D1997D0FFF8DFB74FB534E660E7F" box="[1193,1287,1253,1280]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5D506D7D0FFF8DFACAFB534BB40E5B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="5" value="33.2435">33.2435 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5D506D7D0FFF8DFF39FABC4A100E5B" box="[228,369,1290,1316]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="5" value="104.2383">104.2383 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD7106A7D0FFF8DFE5FFABC495B0E5B" box="[386,570,1290,1316]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2012-07-04" valueMax="2012-07-20" valueMin="2012-07-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF93E9827D0FFF8DFE5FFABC495B0E5B" box="[386,570,1290,1316]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2012-07-04" valueMax="2012-07-20" valueMin="2012-07-04">4–20 Jul. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269C537C7D0FFF8DFD94FABC49AA0E5B" box="[585,715,1290,1316]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. Murzin</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE6F7D0FFF8DFCC8FABC480A0E5B" box="[789,875,1290,1316]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">OKZC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B013CF77D0FFF8DFC5EFABC49FE0E36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821767117" collectingDate="2014-06-21" collectingDateMax="2014-07-06" collectingDateMin="2014-06-21" collectionCode="OKZC" collectorName="E. Kucera" country="China" location="Lueyang" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Shaanxi">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6FFD237D0FFF8DFC5EFABC48AA0E5B" box="[899,971,1290,1316]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB660717D0FFF8DFC06FABC4F230E5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860:8EB660717D0FFF8DFC06FABC4F230E5B" box="[987,1090,1290,1316]" country="China" name="Lueyang" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Lueyang</location>
|
||
env.,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ADF8487D0FFF8DFB52FABC4F8F0E5B" box="[1167,1262,1290,1316]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
[prov.],
|
||
<date id="FFD7106A7D0FFF8DFA84FABC4AE10E36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2014-06-21" valueMax="2014-07-06" valueMin="2014-06-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF93E9827D0FFF8DFA84FABC4AE10E36" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2014-06-21" valueMax="2014-07-06" valueMin="2014-06-21">21 Jun.–6 Jul. 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269C537C7D0FFF8DFE56FA9949610E36" box="[395,512,1327,1353]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. Kučera</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE6F7D0FFF8DFD9CFA9949F60E36" box="[577,663,1327,1353]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">OKZC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B013CF77D0FFF8DFD76FA9949930E12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821767115" collectingDate="2014-07-10" collectionCode="OKZC" collectorName="V. Patrikeev" country="China" elevation="4200" location="Tulai" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Gansu">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6FFD237D0FFF8DFD76FA9949B70E36" box="[683,726,1327,1353]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A642F887D0FFF8DFD39FA99488D0E36" box="[740,1004,1326,1353]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFD39FA99485D0E37" box="[740,828,1326,1353]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
|
||
S of Jayuguan
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB660717D0FFF8DFC2BFA984F520E37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087BC7D0FFF8BFD94FDC24ACE0860:8EB660717D0FFF8DFC2BFA984F520E37" box="[1014,1075,1326,1352]" country="China" name="Tulai" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Gansu">Tulai</location>
|
||
env., NW of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49ADF8487D0FFF8DFB12FA994E7B0E36" box="[1231,1306,1327,1353]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gansu</collectingRegion>
|
||
[prov.],
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFF60FAE54A790E12" box="[189,280,1363,1389]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="4200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0044D1997D0FFF8DFF60FAE54A790E12" box="[189,280,1363,1389]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="4200.0">4200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD7106A7D0FFF8DFEF9FAE54AD90E12" box="[292,440,1363,1389]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2014-07-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF93E9827D0FFF8DFEF9FAE54AD90E12" box="[292,440,1363,1389]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2014-07-10">10 Jul. 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269C537C7D0FFF8DFE1EFAE549330E12" box="[451,594,1363,1389]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">V. Patrikeev</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE6F7D0FFF8DFD49FAE5498B0E12" box="[660,746,1363,1389]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">OKZC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37365217D0FFF8CFF60FA204A2D0C48" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60FA204A0A0ECF" blockId="18.[189,363,1430,1456]" box="[189,363,1430,1456]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<heading id="D09E81C67D0FFF8DFF60FA204A0A0ECF" bold="true" box="[189,363,1430,1456]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0FFF8DFF60FA204A0A0ECF" bold="true" box="[189,363,1430,1456]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60FA734A080D7B" blockId="18.[189,1398,1477,1541]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Colour. Body and legs blackish-brown. Antennae, apical maxillary palpomere and tarsi reddish brown to dark brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF37F99B4AFA0D38" blockId="18.[189,939,1581,1644]" box="[234,411,1581,1607]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0FFF8DFF37F99B4A4B0D38" bold="true" box="[234,298,1581,1607]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0FFF8DFEE7F99B4AF30D38" box="[314,402,1581,1607]" captionStart="Fig. 3" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,272,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[215,1373,266,1869]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus, dorsal view. A–B. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. G–H. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015. I. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. J–K. Synchroina tenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. L. Thescelosynchroa pangu (Hsiao, Li, Liu & Pang, 2016) gen. et comb.nov.A, C, E, G, I, J, L = ♂. B, D, F, H, K = ♀. Scale bars: 5.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183851/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60F9E448CA0D13" blockId="18.[189,939,1581,1644]" box="[189,939,1617,1644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
MEASUREMENTS. Length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFE03F9E749FB0D13" box="[478,666,1617,1644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.325" metricValueMin="0.925" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="11.25" valueMax="13.25" valueMin="9.25">9.25–13.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width:
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0FFF8DFD24F9E748C70D13" box="[761,934,1617,1644]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.875" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="2.875" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.25">2.25–3.50 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60F92449450DAF" blockId="18.[189,1398,1681,1744]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">BODY. Elongate, slightly flattened, elytra rather strongly narrowed posteriorly, covered with yellowish, elongate and decumbent setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0FFF8DFF60F9404F660C94" blockId="18.[189,1399,1781,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">HEAD. Eyes lateral, large, emarginate in front of antennal insertions, ratio of eye diameter to interocular space 1.0: 1.3–1.5. Antennae filiform, when directed backwards exceeding the humeri of elytra. Scape cylindrical, wider than other antennomeres, pedicel short, antennomere III–XI somewhat clavate, XI longest, length ca 4.3–5.6 times maximum width. Length ratio of antennomeres as follows: 1.50: 1.00: 2.25:2.10: 1.85: 1.95: 1.95: 1.90: 1.85:1.60: 2.75. Apical maxillary palpomere securiform, apical margin moderately rounded, terminal angle somewhat obtuse. Surface lustrous, densely and coarsely punctate; interspaces slightly narrower than puncture diameter.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60FEBA4A340AA9" blockId="19.[189,1399,267,470]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">PRONOTUM. Truncate anteriorly, bisinuate posteriorly, with obtuse median lobe, width ca 1.5 times length, ca 1.6–1.7 times as wide as head. Lateral sides slightly rounded and strongly narrowed in anterior twothirds toward head, subparallel in posterior one-third, unmargined. Anterior angle rounded; posterior angle rectangular and obtuse. Disc slightly flattened medially, surface lustrous, densely and coarsely punctate; spaces between punctures smaller than puncture diameter. Scutellum with width ca 1.6–1.7 times length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60FE4D4E4E08C1" blockId="19.[189,1399,507,958]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
ELYTRA. Elongate, narrowed posteriorly, apex rounded, as wide as pronotal width at humeri, length ca 2.4–2.7 times width, surface lustrous. Disc covered with oval punctures, denser in lateral and basal part; interspaces wider than puncture diameter. Eight faint traces of striae in each elytron from dorsal view, stria I fused with II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFDD5FDD349090900" box="[520,616,613,639]" captionStart="Fig. 4" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,255,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[234,1353,255,1858]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Elytron and abdominal ventrite V. A–F. Elytron. G–L. Abdominal ventrite V of ♂♂. — A, G. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. B, H. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. C, I. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. D, J. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015.E, K. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. F, L. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183853/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
), gradually shortened outwards, only four traces of elytral striae present or extremely indistinct in some specimens. Prosternum before procoxae about as long as shortest diameter of procoxae. Prosternal process long, margined laterally, rounded and narrowed apically; length behind procoxae longer than width between procoxae. Width between procoxae ca 0.3 times transverse coxa diameter. Mesoventrite with shallow, oval mesoventral cavity, moderately punctate. Abdominal ventrite V subtruncate, with lateral sides somewhat rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFC4AFCA0488A084F" box="[919,1003,790,816]" captionStart="Fig. 4" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,255,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[234,1353,255,1858]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Elytron and abdominal ventrite V. A–F. Elytron. G–L. Abdominal ventrite V of ♂♂. — A, G. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. B, H. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. C, I. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. D, J. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015.E, K. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. F, L. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183853/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="FFD7106A7D0EFF8CFC0DFCA0488A084F" box="[976,1003,790,816]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
); sternite VIII concave in middle of apical edge, forming two roundly angular lobes on both sides, densely pubescent apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFAD3FC8F4E09082B" box="[1294,1384,825,852]" captionStart="Fig. 5" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[192,1389,268,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[178,1402,249,1817]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Abdominal sternite VIII–IX and tergite VIII–X of ♂♂. A, C, E, G, I, K. Abdominal tergite VIII. B, D, F, H, J, L. Abdominal sternite VIII. M–R. Abdominal sternite IX, and fused tergite IX and X. — A–B, M. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D, N. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F, O.S.chinensisNikitsky, 1999.G–H,P.S.formosana Hsiao,2015.I–J,Q. S.elongatulaNikitsky,1999. K–L, R. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183855/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
); sternite IX without spiculum gastrale on apical edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFC97FCEA48CA0808" box="[842,939,860,887]" captionStart="Fig. 5" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[192,1389,268,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[178,1402,249,1817]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Abdominal sternite VIII–IX and tergite VIII–X of ♂♂. A, C, E, G, I, K. Abdominal tergite VIII. B, D, F, H, J, L. Abdominal sternite VIII. M–R. Abdominal sternite IX, and fused tergite IX and X. — A–B, M. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D, N. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F, O.S.chinensisNikitsky, 1999.G–H,P.S.formosana Hsiao,2015.I–J,Q. S.elongatulaNikitsky,1999. K–L, R. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183855/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 5O</figureCitation>
|
||
); tergite VIII without median strut on apical edge, rounded apically or slightly emarginate in middle, moderately pubescent apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFAD3FC364E0908E5" box="[1294,1384,895,922]" captionStart="Fig. 5" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[192,1389,268,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[178,1402,249,1817]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Abdominal sternite VIII–IX and tergite VIII–X of ♂♂. A, C, E, G, I, K. Abdominal tergite VIII. B, D, F, H, J, L. Abdominal sternite VIII. M–R. Abdominal sternite IX, and fused tergite IX and X. — A–B, M. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D, N. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F, O.S.chinensisNikitsky, 1999.G–H,P.S.formosana Hsiao,2015.I–J,Q. S.elongatulaNikitsky,1999. K–L, R. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183855/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
); tergite IX and X completely fused, rounded apically, densely pubescent on apical edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFB1EFC154E4008C1" box="[1219,1313,931,958]" captionStart="Fig. 5" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[192,1389,268,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[178,1402,249,1817]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 5. Abdominal sternite VIII–IX and tergite VIII–X of ♂♂. A, C, E, G, I, K. Abdominal tergite VIII. B, D, F, H, J, L. Abdominal sternite VIII. M–R. Abdominal sternite IX, and fused tergite IX and X. — A–B, M. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D, N. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F, O.S.chinensisNikitsky, 1999.G–H,P.S.formosana Hsiao,2015.I–J,Q. S.elongatulaNikitsky,1999. K–L, R. Synchroinatenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183855/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 5O</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60FC5449410F3D" blockId="19.[189,1399,993,1091]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">LEGS. Slender. Tarsomeres simple, tarsal formula 5-5-4. The longest spur of hind tibiae ca 0.3 times as long as first tarsal segment; length ratio of tarsomeres as follows: 2.35: 1.00: 0.55: 0.85 (measured without claws). Claws simple.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60FBD14F800F94" blockId="19.[189,1399,1127,1259]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
AEDEAGUS (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFE96FBD14AAA0FFD" box="[331,459,1127,1154]" captionStart="Fig. 6" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[247,1337,257,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[241,1347,255,1833]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 6. Aedeagus. A–E. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. F–I. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. J–K. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. L. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015. M–N. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. O–P. Synchroina tenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. Q–R. Thescelosynchroa pangu (Hsiao, Li, Liu & Pang, 2016) gen. et comb. nov. — A–C, F–G, J, L–M, O, Q. Dorsal view. D–E, H–I, K, N, P, R. Lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183857/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 6J–K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lanceloate, basal piece curved dorsally, lateral sides narrowed basically. Parameres narrowly separated apically and with a groove in dorsal median part, lateral sides slightly sinuate, moderately narrowed apically, abruptly strongly narrowed at apex, length ca 3.5–3.9 times maximum width. Median lobe elongate, tapered, strongly narrowed apically in apical half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF37FAA64AD40E55" blockId="19.[189,1170,1296,1358]" box="[234,437,1296,1322]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0EFF8CFF37FAA64A240E55" bold="true" box="[234,325,1296,1322]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D0EFF8CFE8BFAA64ACD0E55" box="[342,428,1296,1322]" captionStart="Fig. 3" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,272,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[215,1373,266,1869]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus, dorsal view. A–B. Synchroa punctata Newman, 1838. C–D. S. melanotoides Lewis, 1895. E–F. S. chinensis Nikitsky, 1999. G–H. S. formosana Hsiao, 2015. I. S. elongatula Nikitsky, 1999. J–K. Synchroina tenuipennis Fairmaire, 1898. L. Thescelosynchroa pangu (Hsiao, Li, Liu & Pang, 2016) gen. et comb.nov.A, C, E, G, I, J, L = ♂. B, D, F, H, K = ♀. Scale bars: 5.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183851/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60FA824FF30E31" blockId="19.[189,1170,1296,1358]" box="[189,1170,1331,1358]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
MEASUREMENTS. Length: 9.50–13.00 mm (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0EFF8CFD7BFA8548660E32" box="[678,775,1331,1358]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="11.5">11.50 in</quantity>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288087D0EFF8CFCD3FA85481B0E31" box="[782,890,1331,1358]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
); width:
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0EFF8CFC3DFA854FEF0E31" box="[992,1166,1331,1358]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.25" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.25" valueMin="2.25">2.25–3.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60FAC44AB50EF4" blockId="19.[189,468,1393,1420]" box="[189,468,1393,1420]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BODY. Similar to males.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60FA0748F50D4B" blockId="19.[189,1399,1456,1589]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
HEAD. Eyes smaller than in male, ratio of eye diameter to interocular space 1.0: 1.2–1.5 (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0EFF8CFAC3FA064E160EB5" box="[1310,1399,1456,1482]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7846" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="1.49">1.49 in</quantity>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288087D0EFF8CFF60FA654A490E91" box="[189,296,1491,1518]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Antennae shorter in male, when directed backwards extending the posterior edge of pronotum, antennomere XI ca 2.9 times as long as maximum width. Length ratio of antennomeres as follows: 2.20: 1.00: 2.10: 1.90: 1.85:1.90: 2.00: 1.90: 1.80: 1.80:2.40.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60F9EF4E210D0C" blockId="19.[189,1344,1625,1652]" box="[189,1344,1625,1652]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
PRONOTUM. Ca 1.5–1.6 times wider than length (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0EFF8CFD32F9EF48520D0C" box="[751,819,1625,1652]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="1.5">1.5 in</quantity>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288087D0EFF8CFCE7F9EF48C40D0B" box="[826,933,1625,1652]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), ca 1.5–1.6 times as wide as head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60F92E4ADD0DA9" blockId="19.[189,1399,1687,1750]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
ELYTRA. Slightly wider than in male, as wide as pronotal width at humeri, length ca 2.4–2.5 times width (
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B4F7D0EFF8CFF18F90D4A5C0DAA" box="[197,317,1723,1749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.731" metricValueMax="6.858" metricValueMin="6.604" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="2.65" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.6">2.6–2.7 in</quantity>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288087D0EFF8CFE99F90D4AD10DA9" box="[324,432,1723,1750]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60F94F4A2D0C48" blockId="19.[189,1399,1785,1847]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">OVIPOSITOR. Paraproct elongate, ca 2.6–3.0 times length of coxite, sides straight and subparallel; proctiger subtruncate.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37365217D0EFF8BFF60F8ED49910A86" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60F8ED4A4E0C0A" blockId="19.[189,303,1883,1909]" box="[189,303,1883,1909]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="D09E81C67D0EFF8CFF60F8ED4A4E0C0A" bold="true" box="[189,303,1883,1909]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0EFF8CFF60F8ED4A4E0C0A" bold="true" box="[189,303,1883,1909]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D0EFF8CFF60F83C4E170C94" blockId="19.[189,1399,1930,2028]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
In the original description,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B5B7D0EFF8CFE21F83C49D70CDB" author="Nikitsky N. B." box="[508,694,1930,1956]" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="475 - 481" part="79" refId="ref14390" refString="Nikitsky N. B. 1999. To the knowledge of beetles of the family Synchroidae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea) in the world fauna. Entomological Review 79: 475 - 481" title="To the knowledge of beetles of the family Synchroidae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea) in the world fauna" type="journal article" year="1999">Nikitsky (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided as diagnostic character the presence of faint striae only in apical part and illustrated it. This character together with the posteriorly narrowed elytra has been used in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B5B7D0EFF8CFEC6F8674AD70C94" author="Hsiao Y." box="[283,438,2000,2027]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="243 - 248" part="55" refId="ref13788" refString="Hsiao Y. 2015. A new species of the genus Synchroa from Taiwan, with a key to the world fauna (Coleoptera: Synchroidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1): 243 - 248." title="A new species of the genus Synchroa from Taiwan, with a key to the world fauna (Coleoptera: Synchroidae)" type="journal article" year="2015">Hsiao (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B5B7D0EFF8CFE2FF86749B20C93" author="Hsiao Y. & Li Y. & Liu Z. & Pang H." box="[498,723,2001,2028]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="595 - 600" part="4093" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4093.4.13" refId="ref13830" refString="Hsiao Y., Li Y., Liu Z. & Pang H. 2016. A new species of Synchroa Newman from China (Coleoptera: Synchroidae). Zootaxa 4093 (4): 595 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4093.4.13" title="A new species of Synchroa Newman from China (Coleoptera: Synchroidae)" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Hsiao
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0EFF8CFD9DF864491D0C94" box="[576,636,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as comparative information to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D297D0EFF8CFB0EF8674E0E0C94" authorityName="Hsiao" authorityYear="2015" box="[1235,1391,2001,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Synchroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D0EFF8CFB0EF8674E0E0C94" box="[1235,1391,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. formosana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D09FF8BFF60FEBA49910A86" blockId="20.[189,1399,267,505]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
However, in the course of this study we discovered that the elytral striae are variable, noticeable on the entire elytron or even indistinct in some specimens. Elytral striae of synchroids are vague and difficult to observe accurately if the specimen is dry and not dissected, consequently it is possible that the elytral striae of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288087D09FF8BFE95FEC34ACE0AF0" box="[328,431,373,399]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
have not been not observed correctly.After examining a large number of specimens, the shape of the elytra appears proved to be variable as well (length ca 2.4–2.7 times width). Therefore, we eliminate both inappropriate characters from the diagnosis and re-diagnose the differences between the species (see the detail in diagnosis and key).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37365217D09FF8BFF60FD9649C80916" box="[189,681,544,617]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D09FF8BFF60FD964A370945" blockId="20.[189,342,544,570]" box="[189,342,544,570]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<heading id="D09E81C67D09FF8BFF60FD964A370945" bold="true" box="[189,342,544,570]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D09FF8BFF60FD964A370945" bold="true" box="[189,342,544,570]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D09FF8BFF60FDF849C80916" blockId="20.[189,681,590,617]" box="[189,681,590,617]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
China (Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A2F7D09FF8BFD8EFDF849FA0916" box="[595,667,590,617]" captionStart="Fig. 7" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1647,1673]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,909,1602]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[227,1361,910,1600]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. Distribution map of Synchroa chinensis Nikitsky, 1999 from China." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183859/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37365217D09FF8BFF60FD264ACE0860" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D09FF8BFF60FD264A6209D5" blockId="20.[189,259,656,682]" box="[189,259,656,682]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<heading id="D09E81C67D09FF8BFF60FD264A6209D5" bold="true" box="[189,259,656,682]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D09FF8BFF60FD264A6209D5" bold="true" box="[189,259,656,682]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636AA7D09FF8BFF60FD084ACE0860" blockId="20.[189,1399,702,799]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
This species was described based on a single female from Qingchengshan in Sichuan Province. On the basis of new available specimens
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D297D09FF8BFD8AFD5449850983" authorityName="Nikitsky" authorityYear="1999" box="[599,740,738,764]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Synchroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAB87D09FF8BFD8AFD5449850983" box="[599,740,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. chinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is confirmed as a valid species, distributed in Shaanxi and Gansu province.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |