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<document id="EF118E2958B49F9B7523BAD51EE92A1D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187789" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6593e89a-9c63-4584-9a5f-f70993e32d31" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187789" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461074088346" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2009" docId="03C087B0AE67FFEBFF1FF9B7DCC2FB09" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02107p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2107" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis Van, 2009, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFF9FFC8AE7DFFF7FF88FFB3D87CFF96" masterDocTitle="New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698585844262" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="7089202B9C7260B3BE5C7EB7ED83F865" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="24A68986EA1FE901ED76D4663119DD19">New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A5E0C7F83AF2487E3F1F301073B7729A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A4D65147EB123457BA3FDF9CDCF2FC9B">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C0C42C31171F823BB86E5C0B7B33504D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="9AA15CB1F1845FACE70128144D5CE713">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="68392C4875BC53D520CA9898C6EFEB43">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4908980003A6A1F917760BA04D6AC2DE" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187789</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4D55100961114FDD922B0687D1BF2FE9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C087B0AE67FFEBFF1FF9B7DCC2FB09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6221872" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119617464" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6221872" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087B0AE67FFEBFF1FF9B7DCC2FB09" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C087B0AE67FFEBFF1FF9B7DCC2FB09" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection id="C373652DAE67FFEDFF1FF9B7D93CF9D6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE67FFEDFF1FF9B7DA10F98B" blockId="26.[151,620,1539,1600]" box="[151,620,1539,1566]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D09E81CAAE67FFEDFF1FF9B7DA10F98B" bold="true" box="[151,620,1539,1566]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE67FFEDFF1FF9B7DA10F98B" bold="true" box="[151,620,1539,1566]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE67FFEDFF1FF9B7DA5FF988" ID-CoL="6JDDY" box="[151,547,1540,1566]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microlabis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Leptolabis">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE67FFEDFF1FF9B7DA5FF988" bold="true" box="[151,547,1540,1566]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57CFAE67FFEDFDA2F9B0DA10F98B" box="[554,620,1539,1565]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE67FFEDFF1FF995D93CF9D6" blockId="26.[151,620,1539,1600]" box="[151,320,1574,1600]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
(
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE67FFEDFF17F995D886F9D6" box="[159,250,1574,1600]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
A–K)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373652DAE67FFEDFF1FF9C0DA4CF922" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE67FFEDFF1FF9C0DA4CF922" blockId="26.[151,1437,1651,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus id="54D28804AE67FFEDFF1FF9C0D977F91B" box="[151,267,1651,1677]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE67FFEDFF1FF9C0D977F91B" bold="true" box="[151,267,1651,1677]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="ED78AE63AE67FFEDFE93F9C7D921F918" box="[283,349,1652,1678]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ZMA</collectionCode>
Por. 21069,
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE67FFEDFE7FF9C7DA22F918" box="[503,606,1652,1678]" name="Curaçao" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
, Blauwbaai,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5D5061AE67FFEDFD71F9C7DB10F918" box="[761,876,1652,1678]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="12.131">12.131°N</geoCoordinate>
-
<geoCoordinate id="EE5D5061AE67FFEDFCF4F9C7DB84F918" box="[892,1016,1652,1678]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="-68.987">68.987°W</geoCoordinate>
, under rubble,
<quantity id="4C919B43AE67FFEDFB25F9C7DC91F918" box="[1197,1261,1652,1678]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
, 1989, coll. E. Meesters &amp; P. Willemsen #B18B8.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373652DAE67FFEBFF4DF973DCBDFD98" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE67FFEDFF4DF973D94CF809" blockId="26.[151,1437,1651,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE67FFEDFF4DF973D92AF94C" bold="true" box="[197,342,1728,1754]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description</emphasis>
. Thinly encrusting, englobing and consolidating a few small pieces of coarse coral sediment, under big rubble blocks. Surface faintly hispid. Color brown. The
<typeStatus id="54D28804AE67FFEDFC14F95BDC7EF894" box="[924,1026,1768,1794]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
now consists of 5 pieces, each less than
<quantity id="4C919B43AE67FFEDFF5BF8A2D973F8BD" box="[211,271,1809,1835]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
2, and the total surface area in all is a few mm2. The encrustations of this species are thoroughly mixed in with two other encrusting sponge species,
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE67FFEDFCBDF88BDD73F8C4" authority="Carter (1876)" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1876" box="[821,1295,1848,1874]" class="Demospongiae" family="Rhabderemiidae" genus="Rhabderemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="minutula">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE67FFEDFCBDF88BDC25F8C7" box="[821,1113,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rhabderemia minutula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE67FFEDFBEAF88BDD73F8C4" author="Carter" box="[1122,1295,1848,1874]" pageId="26" pageNumber="36" refString="Carter, H. J. (1876) Descriptions and figures of deep-sea sponges and their spicules, from the Atlantic Ocean, dredged up on board H. M. S. ' Porcupine', chiefly in 1869 (concluded). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (4) 18, 226 - 240, 307 - 324, 388 - 410, 458 - 479." type="journal article" year="1876">Carter (1876)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE67FFEDFAD8F88BDAF1F8EF" authority="Pulitzer-Finali (1986)" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1986" class="Demospongiae" family="Timeidae" genus="Timea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="unistellata">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE67FFEDFAD8F88BD962F8EE" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Timea unistellata</emphasis>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE67FFEDFEFDF8ECDAF1F8EF" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[373,653,1887,1913]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="26" pageNumber="38" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demospongiae (Porifera). In appendix, a list of the Demospongiae hitherto recorded from the West Indies. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali (1986)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, the spicules of which appear as contamination in the spicule preparations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE67FFECFF4DF81FDC67FF24" blockId="26.[151,1437,1651,2028]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,152,410]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE67FFEDFF4DF81FD944F850" bold="true" box="[197,312,1964,1990]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Skeleton</emphasis>
. Due to the mix-up with other sponge species, the details of the skeleton are not easy to ascertain; thin tylotes and large sigmas are found in the surface membrane, the acanthostyles, forcipes, small sigmas and chelae occur in the interior, the former in hymedesmioid fashion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE66FFECFF4DFF0DDB98FF69" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFF4DFF0DD948FF4E" bold="true" box="[197,308,190,216]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Spicules</emphasis>
. Tylotes, acanthostyles in two not sharply delimited size categories, sigmas in two size categories, forcipes in two size categories, chelae in two size categories.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE66FFECFF4DFEBFDA34FEDA" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Tylotes (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE66FFECFEA7FEBFD9F4FEB0" box="[303,392,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 11</figureCitation>
A–B) thin, somewhat flexuous, with elongate more or less equal-shaped tyles at both ends, 172-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFE99FE81D92FFEDD" box="[273,339,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">188.6</emphasis>
-209 x 2.5-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFE5CFE81D984FEDD" box="[468,504,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">2.6</emphasis>
-3 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE66FFECFF4DFEEADD78FE0C" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Large acanthostyles (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE66FFECFE4CFEEADA66FEE5" box="[452,538,345,371]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
C), head barely differentiated from the shaft, 152-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFBFBFEEADCCAFEE4" box="[1139,1206,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">160.5</emphasis>
-171
<date id="FFD71066AE66FFECFB7DFEEADD67FEE5" box="[1269,1307,345,371]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">x 5</date>
-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFAADFEEADD36FEE4" box="[1317,1354,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">6.7</emphasis>
-9 µm; small acanthostyles (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE66FFECFE03FE33D9A2FE0C" box="[395,478,384,410]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
D), similar in shape to large acanthostyles, 75-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFB88FE33DC4FFE0F" box="[1024,1075,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">83.9</emphasis>
-
<date id="FFD71066AE66FFECFBB3FE33DCF4FE0C" box="[1083,1160,384,410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1990-10-04">90 x 4</date>
-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFB18FE33DCC8FE0F" box="[1168,1204,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">5.2</emphasis>
-6 µm.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF16662EAE66FFECFF1FF8C0D9E1F864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE66FFECFF1FF8C0D9E1F864" blockId="27.[151,1437,1907,2034]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFF1FF8C0D95FF81D" bold="true" box="[151,291,1907,1931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE66FFECFEBAF8C0DAD9F81C" box="[306,677,1907,1930]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microlabis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Leptolabis">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFEBAF8C0DAD9F81C" box="[306,677,1907,1930]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57CFAE66FFECFD25F8C0DA90F81D" box="[685,748,1907,1931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE66FFECFD25F8C0DA90F81D" bold="true" box="[685,748,1907,1931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A–B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E–F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H–I. Large and small sigma categories; J–K. Large and small arcuate chela categories.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE61FFEBFF4DFF2BDD55FEDA" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Forcipes in two distinct sizes and shapes, the larger (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE61FFEBFCA7FF2BDBF8FF24" box="[815,900,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 11</figureCitation>
E–F) rather peculiar with long heavily spined legs which due the narrow space between them tend to become entangled, which causes them to look as if the legs are fused at their ends, the whole spicule rather flexuous, 66-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFC2BFF56DBAAFF68" box="[931,982,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">87.4</emphasis>
-106 µm. Small forcipes (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE61FFEBFA80FF56DD27FF69" box="[1288,1371,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
G) of common horseshoe shape, but so tiny and feeble that they were only observed in light microsopic preparations after they were first detected in the SEM, coarsely spined, 6-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFCD6FE81DBFFFEDD" box="[862,899,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">6.8</emphasis>
-8 (legs approx.
<quantity id="4C919B43AE61FFEBFBCBFE81DCF9FEDA" box="[1091,1157,306,332]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
in thickness).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE61FFEBFF4DFEEADD79FE0C" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Large sigmas (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE61FFEBFEF7FEEAD9A5FEE5" box="[383,473,345,371]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
H), robust, evenly curved, 102-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFCEDFEEADBF3FEE4" box="[869,911,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">113</emphasis>
.0-123 µm; small sigmas (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE61FFEBFB55FEEADD45FEE5" box="[1245,1337,345,371]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Fig.
<date id="FFD71066AE61FFEBFA91FEEADD45FEE5" box="[1305,1337,345,371]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1911-01">11</date>
</figureCitation>
I), more variable in shape, including S-shaped forms, often with sharply pointed endings, 27-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFBFCFE33DCDBFE0F" box="[1140,1191,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">31.9</emphasis>
-39 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE61FFEBFF4DFE15DA9AFE71" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Large arcuate chelae (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE61FFEBFE5DFE15DA50FE56" box="[469,556,422,448]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
J) with fairly short alae and curved shaft, 21-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFBD1FE14DCF2FE56" box="[1113,1166,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">30.3</emphasis>
-32 µm, small arcuate chelae (
<figureCitation id="13522A23AE61FFEBFF7AFE7ED93FFE71" box="[242,323,461,487]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,258,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,445,1881]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Forcepia (Leptolabis) microlabis n. sp., SEM images of spicules (Holotype ZMA Por. 21069). A – B. Tylote and detail of one of the apices; C. Large acanthostyle category; D. Small acanthostyle category; E – F. Entangled large forceps and detail of curved part; G. Microforceps; H – I. Large and small sigma categories; J – K. Large and small arcuate chela categories." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
K) with larger alae, 11-
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFDDDFE7EDAF4FE70" box="[597,648,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">12.9</emphasis>
-16 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE61FFEBFF4DFE40DCBDFD98" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,1183]" box="[197,1217,499,526]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFF4DFE40D95AFD9B" bold="true" box="[197,294,499,525]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecology</emphasis>
. Consolidating coarse coral sediment under rubble in deeper reef parts (
<quantity id="4C919B43AE61FFEBFBFBFE47DCC8FD98" box="[1139,1204,500,526]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373652DAE61FFEBFF4DFDA9DC22FDA2" box="[197,1118,538,564]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE61FFEBFF4DFDA9DC22FDA2" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,1183]" box="[197,1118,538,564]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFF4DFDA9D936FDA2" bold="true" box="[197,330,538,564]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name refers to the tiny forceps category found in this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C373652DAE61FFEBFF4DFDF3DCC2FB09" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE61FFEBFF4DFDF3D9EEFBEE" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFF4DFDF3D946FDCC" bold="true" box="[197,314,576,602]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks</emphasis>
. This is the second
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFDB9FDF2DB41FDCC" authority="(Leptolabis)" baseAuthorityName="Leptolabis" box="[561,829,577,602]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFDB9FDF2DB41FDCC" box="[561,829,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Forcepia (Leptolabis)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species recorded from the Central West Atlantic. Previously,
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFEAAFDDBDB7AFD14" authority="Lehnert" authorityName="Lehnert" box="[290,774,616,642]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vermicola" subGenus="Leptolabis">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFEAAFDDBDADFFD17" box="[290,675,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Forcepia (Leptolabis) vermicola</emphasis>
Lehnert
</taxonomicName>
&amp; van
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE61FFEBFCD7FDDBDB96FD14" author="Soest" box="[863,1002,616,642]" pageId="28" pageNumber="38" refString="Lehnert, H. &amp; van Soest, R. W. M. (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46 (4), 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest, 1996</bibRefCitation>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFB94FDDBDD29FD17" authority="Trachyforcepia" authorityName="Trachyforcepia" box="[1052,1365,616,641]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFB94FDDBDD29FD17" box="[1052,1365,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Forcepia (Trachyforcepia)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), was recorded in deep reefs (
<quantity id="4C919B43AE61FFEBFE20FD3DD981FD3E" box="[424,509,654,680]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.84" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="88.4">88.4 m</quantity>
) at the north coast of
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE61FFEBFD73FD3DDB21FD3E" box="[763,861,654,680]" name="Jamaica" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
. We take this opportunity to report its occurrence in reef caves at
<quantity id="4C919B43AE61FFEBFEDDFD06D9EEFD59" box="[341,402,693,719]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
depth off the coast of
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE61FFEBFD2BFD06DB75FD59" box="[675,777,693,719]" name="Curaçao" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
, collected by S. Scheffers (ZMA Por. 16597). The two species differ clearly in the presence of sigmas (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFCB4FD6FDC7CFD63" box="[828,1024,732,757]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vermicola" subGenus="Leptolabis">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFCB4FD6FDC7CFD63" box="[828,1024,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F. (L.) vermicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the shape and diversity of the forcipes (a single category of forceps with flaring legs in
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFCE3FCB1DC41FC8D" box="[875,1085,770,795]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vermicola" subGenus="Leptolabis">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFCE3FCB1DC41FC8D" box="[875,1085,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F. (L.) vermicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Elsewhere, species of this subgenus occur off the coasts of the North Eastern Atlantic, in deep water off the Azores, and off the coast of West
<collectingCountry id="F37E7636AE61FFEBFF53FCE3D937FCFC" box="[219,331,848,874]" name="Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Australia</collectingCountry>
(van Soest, 2002; van
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE61FFEBFDEFFCE3DB4BFCFC" author="Soest" box="[615,823,848,874]" pageId="28" pageNumber="39" refString="van Soest, R. W. M., Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., de Voogd, N. J., Rutzler, K., Alvarez de Glasby, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A., Vacelet, J., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R. &amp; Klautau, M. (2008) World Porifera Database. Available online at http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera. Consulted on 2008 - 11 - 15." type="book chapter" year="2008">Soest et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
, online). The new species stands out among these species by the peculiar heavily spined flexuous forceps, combined with the tiny normal forceps. The tiny forceps is shared only with
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFE69FC2EDAE5FC20" box="[481,665,925,950]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="luciensis" subGenus="Leptolabis">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFE69FC2EDAE5FC20" box="[481,665,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F. (L.) luciensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and this species also has forcipes with long spines like our new species, but these are curled into a tight ball rather than stretched out as in
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFC73FC77DCBAFC4B" box="[1019,1222,964,989]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microlabis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Leptolabis">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFC73FC77DCBAFC4B" box="[1019,1222,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F. (L.) microlabis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57CFAE61FFEBFB45FC70DD73FC4B" box="[1229,1295,963,989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFB45FC70DD73FC4B" bold="true" box="[1229,1295,963,989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Most of the species of this subgenus possess sigmas (the
<typeStatus id="54D28804AE61FFEBFD32FC59DA92FB92" box="[698,750,1002,1028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
species,
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFCD5FC59DC6BFB95" box="[861,1047,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F. (L.) l u c i e n s i s</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE61FFEBFBA3FC59DCA6FB92" author="Topsent" box="[1067,1242,1002,1028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="39" refString="Topsent, E. (1888) Contribution a l'etude des Clionides. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale, (2) 5 bis, 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1888">Topsent, 1888</bibRefCitation>
) excluded), and most are either from sciophilous or deep sea habitats. Species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFBCEFBA2DCCEFBBC" box="[1094,1202,1041,1066]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFBCEFBA2DCCEFBBC" box="[1094,1202,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Forcepia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also may have tiny forceps, e.g. Californian
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFE43FB8BDAF7FBC7" box="[459,651,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F. (F.) h a r t m a n i</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B57AE61FFEBFD1FFB8BDB6EFBC4" author="Lee" box="[663,786,1080,1106]" pageId="28" pageNumber="38" refString="Lee, W. L. (2001) Four new species of Forcepia (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Coelosphaeridae) from California, and synonymy of Wilsa de Laubenfels, 1930, with Forcepia Carter, 1874. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 52 (18), 227 - 244." type="journal article" year="2001">Lee, 2001</bibRefCitation>
with forceps of 5–11 µm, so this is not an exclusive feature of
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFE87FBECD9F7FBEE" box="[271,395,1119,1144]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Leptolabis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFE87FBECD9F7FBEE" box="[271,395,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptolabis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636A6AE61FFEBFF4EFB36DCC2FB09" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,1183]" box="[198,1214,1157,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
The species of the Central West Atlantic assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C694D25AE61FFEBFCB9FB36DBE0FB08" box="[817,924,1157,1182]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Forcepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="B91DEAB4AE61FFEBFCB9FB36DBE0FB08" box="[817,924,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Forcepia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57CFAE61FFEBFC2AFB36DBB8FB09" box="[930,964,1157,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are keyed out below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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