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<document id="4273FE0D0E6C19D876376DBD472F8EED" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191317" ID-GBIF-Dataset="94e38b1e-c437-4315-8538-daaf32535555" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191317" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461126606189" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Elberg, Kaupo, Rozkošný, Rudolf &amp; Knutson, Lloyd" docDate="2009" docId="039F8602D56AD00D5F9309BA96E2F926" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02288p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2288" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sepedon spinipes" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFA6FE7AD56CD00B5F040B349741FF9E" masterDocTitle="A review of of the Holarctic Sepedon fuscipennis and S. spinipes groups with description of a new species (Diptera: Sciomyzidae)" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1698596924154" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="30F3FF79997948D4001AD9C78C0BB908">A review of of the Holarctic Sepedon fuscipennis and S. spinipes groups with description of a new species (Diptera: Sciomyzidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="884C5AD47F118767E5D059175C1CB9E1">Elberg, Kaupo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A3C3CB065B390937B0CBD3C6AB8BE91E">Rozkošný, Rudolf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A76F20D8CD4C60872A8A4F3ECAC0FAF5">Knutson, Lloyd</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039F8602D56AD00D5F9309BA96E2F926" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6216446" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626353" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6216446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F8602D56AD00D5F9309BA96E2F926" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F8602D56AD00D5F9309BA96E2F926" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
<subSubSection id="C32C649FD56AD00D5F9309BA93C5FC44" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B893714D56AD00D5F9309BA96F9FD36" blockId="6.[151,440,654,680]" box="[151,440,654,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="D0C18078D56AD00D5F9309BA96F9FD36" bold="true" box="[151,440,654,680]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5F9309BA96F9FD36" bold="true" box="[151,440,654,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5F9309BA9627FD36" ID-CoL="4WPX2" box="[151,358,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5F9309BA9627FD36" bold="true" box="[151,358,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Sepedon spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B893714D56AD00D5F9309EC93C5FC44" blockId="6.[151,1438,728,1720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
The
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5FC809EC960BFD6F" box="[204,330,728,753]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5FC809EC960BFD6F" box="[204,330,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group is characterized by the presence of a few short hairs, a little finer and longer than those on the thoracic dorsum, on the posterior slope of the callus between the posterior thoracic spiracle and wing base on the katatergite (=metapleural callus of authors). Also,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74AE5D56AD00D5C6F0811933CFCA1" author="Knutson" box="[875,1149,805,831]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Knutson, L. &amp; Orth, R. E. (2001) Sepedon mcphersoni, n. sp., key to North American Sepedon, groups in Sepedon s. s., and intra- and intergeneric comparison (Diptera: Sciomyzidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 103, 620 - 635." type="journal article" year="2001">Knutson &amp; Orth (2001)</bibRefCitation>
characterized this group by the presence of a presutural intra-alar seta (sometimes referred to only as &quot;presutural&quot;). We have examined several hundred specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5EFF08469538FC15" box="[507,633,882,907]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5EFF08469538FC15" box="[507,633,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Western Palearctic and
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5B05084693DAFC15" box="[1025,1179,882,907]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5B05084693DAFC15" box="[1025,1179,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S. americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from North
<collectingCountry id="F3217784D56AD00D5A34084692D8FC12" box="[1328,1433,882,908]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">America</collectingCountry>
. In fact, a distinct presutural intra-alar seta is absent in most specimens. When present, it is at most only twice as long as, and slightly more erect than, the surrounding hairs on the thoracic dorsum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C649FD56AD00D5FC208D296E2F926" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B893714D56AD00D5FC208D2955BFAA8" blockId="6.[151,1438,728,1720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
In this group only one holarctically distributed species with the Palaearctic nominate subspecies and the Nearctic
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5E080F3995AEFBB9" authority="Steyskal, 1951" authorityName="Steyskal" authorityYear="1951" box="[268,751,1037,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="spinipes" subSpecies="americana">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E080F39965AFBB8" box="[268,283,1037,1062]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E2A0F399568FBB8" box="[302,553,1037,1062]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">spinipes americana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74AE5D56AD00D5D360F3995AEFBB9" author="Steyskal" box="[562,751,1037,1063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1951) The genus Sepedon Latreille in the Americas (Diptera: Sciomyzidae. The Wasmann Journal of Biology 8, 271 - 297." type="journal article" year="1951">Steyskal, 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has been recognized. Steyskal distinguished his new subspecies in his key to the American species of
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5DD70F009476FBD3" box="[723,823,1076,1101]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5DD70F009476FBD3" box="[723,823,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Sepedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by presence of the orbital spot, the slightly pruinose and bare middle part of the face, the haired katatergite (more precisely a supraspiracular convexity of the metathorax), the distinctly outwardly bowed posterior crossvein, the mid femur with a strong mid-anterior bristle, and the thickened and concolorous tawny hind femur. These characters are also well distinct in the nominate form of
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5E760FFB96B3FB76" box="[370,498,1230,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E760FFB96C0FB76" box="[370,385,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E940FFB96B3FB76" box="[400,498,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurring in the Palaearctic region as confirmed by Steyskal (l.c.) in material from
<collectingCountry id="F3217784D56AD00D5FDF0FC19672FA91" box="[219,307,1269,1295]" name="France" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3217784D56AD00D5E450FC196D8FA91" box="[321,409,1269,1295]" name="Greece" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Greece</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3217784D56AD00D5ED20FC1956BFA91" box="[470,554,1269,1295]" name="Latvia" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Latvia</collectingCountry>
. The only distinguishing character stated by him was the difference in structures of the male terminalia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B893714D56AD00D5FC10E7696E2F926" blockId="6.[151,1438,728,1720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
The recently re-examined representatives of both “subspecies“ prove that actually there are no external non-genitalic distinguishable characters among both taxa but some major structures of the male terminalia, especially the conspicuously different shape of the aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="130D2B91D56AD00D5C610EA494ACFA34" box="[869,1005,1424,1450]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 27" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1208,1232]" captionTargetBox="[186,1404,454,1147]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,395,1184]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20 27. Species of Sepedon spinipes group, male terminalia. 20 23. S. americana. 24 27. S. spinipes. 20, 24. Lateral view. 21, 25. Hypandrium in lateral view. 22, 26. Aedeagus in lateral view. 23, 27. Epiphallus in caudal view. Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 20, 24), 0.3 mm (Figs 21 23, 24 27)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191321/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Figs 22, 26</figureCitation>
), are even more different than within members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5E5F0E839540FA4E" box="[347,513,1462,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipennis">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E5F0E83962BFA4E" box="[347,362,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E7E0E839540FA4E" box="[378,513,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">fuscipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<figureCitation id="130D2B91D56AD00D5D650E8295AFFA4E" box="[609,750,1462,1488]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 19" captionStartId="5.[151,270,1420,1444]" captionTargetBox="[185,1388,691,1404]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,682,1414]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 19. Nearctic species of Sepedon fuscipennis group, details of male terminalia. 8, 12, 16. S. floridensis. 9, 13, 17. S. fuscipennis. 10, 14, 18. S. gracilicornis. 11, 15, 19. S. tenuicornis. 8 11. Hypandrium in lateral view. 12 15. Aedeagus in lateral view. 16 19. Epiphallus in caudal view. Scale: 0.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191320/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Figs 1215</figureCitation>
). The male terminalia structures of
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5B9A0E83927DFA4E" box="[1182,1340,1462,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5B9A0E8393ECFA4E" box="[1182,1197,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5BB80E83927DFA4E" box="[1212,1340,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fit well with the original figure published by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74AE5D56AD00D5D5F0EE9943FFA69" author="Steyskal" box="[603,894,1501,1527]" pageId="6" pageNumber="60" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1951) The genus Sepedon Latreille in the Americas (Diptera: Sciomyzidae. The Wasmann Journal of Biology 8, 271 - 297." type="journal article" year="1951">
Steyskal (1951,
<figureCitation id="130D2B91D56AD00D5C1A0EE99434FA69" box="[798,885,1501,1527]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 27" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1208,1232]" captionTargetBox="[186,1404,454,1147]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,395,1184]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 20 27. Species of Sepedon spinipes group, male terminalia. 20 23. S. americana. 24 27. S. spinipes. 20, 24. Lateral view. 21, 25. Hypandrium in lateral view. 22, 26. Aedeagus in lateral view. 23, 27. Epiphallus in caudal view. Scales: 0.5 mm (Figs 20, 24), 0.3 mm (Figs 21 23, 24 27)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191321/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
)
</bibRefCitation>
and are markedly different from any species collected in the Nearctic Region. Therefore the differences found between
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5B080D3093CAF983" box="[1036,1163,1540,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5B080D30935AF983" box="[1036,1051,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5B2F0D3093CAF983" box="[1067,1163,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5BC10D309223F983" box="[1221,1378,1540,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5BC10D309395F983" box="[1221,1236,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5BE00D309223F983" box="[1252,1378,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be considered to be of a specific level in full accordance with the current general concept of species in the large genus
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5E210D65963BF9F4" box="[293,378,1617,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sepedo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E210D65963BF9F4" box="[293,378,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Sepedo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. The
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5ECA0D65950DF9F4" box="[462,588,1617,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5ECA0D65969CF9F4" box="[462,477,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5EE80D65950DF9F4" box="[492,588,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74AE5D56AD00D5C430D65931CF9F5" author="Knutson" box="[839,1117,1617,1643]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Knutson, L. &amp; Orth, R. E. (2001) Sepedon mcphersoni, n. sp., key to North American Sepedon, groups in Sepedon s. s., and intra- and intergeneric comparison (Diptera: Sciomyzidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 103, 620 - 635." type="journal article" year="2001">Knutson &amp; Orth (2001)</bibRefCitation>
thus does not include only one species with a Holarctic distribution but two different species, the Nearctic
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5B950D4C9276F90F" box="[1169,1335,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5B950D4C93E1F90F" box="[1169,1184,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5BB50D4C9276F90F" box="[1201,1335,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the Palaearctic
<taxonomicName id="4C364C97D56AD00D5E1B0DAB96DDF926" box="[287,412,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E1B0DAB966CF926" box="[287,301,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B942EB06D56AD00D5E380DAB96DDF926" box="[316,412,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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