134 lines
16 KiB
XML
134 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="503745B1CACBE43A172BC5793DE6EBC8" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930902993708" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5216855" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629291830180" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kott, Patricia" docDate="2009" docId="03849746FFE58304FEC5B628FC38BEA9" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.43.31-32.1947-1986.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 43 (31 - 32)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930902993708" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Polycitoridae Michaelsen 1904" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1958" masterDocId="FFBDEF3EFFE98308FFAFB73FFFF8BB66" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from the upper continental slope off north-western Australia" masterLastPageNumber="1986" masterPageNumber="1947" pageNumber="1958" updateTime="1699067403419" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="77A56B07FBC6F7A3B6A626297CFACF1A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E3B6AF4AD242CC9598F1F177830A3760">
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<mods:title id="13055BEC988C1F89AC8678914EA4D637">Taxonomic revision of Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from the upper continental slope off north-western Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="24C4DB916C722C1151F24402C05B7A65" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4DBE6FE5DB6F299D21AF2A3CC55C379B">Kott, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="49B0EAF01C944FB9F8FB26566CA71671">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9CCDE06EADED9F49D59475028D4ECA31">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F8B4C482324377997A22DA595A94FF59">
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<mods:date id="29835206B3E899F2DB5C2003CB95C08A">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6992D317304BBC0065A9265CC638FD12">2009-07-22</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E1638E6A68E34AB847586E1CAD0D600F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A4BB478EE4058E5DF99644C319C6A14B">43</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="12F33A86A0DEA25E0E5A937F6BD8A8A3" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5C79991B469FD669701EBC42C6B20B49">31 - 32</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="15B3F70348CCD44DC1D06CBEAA5DBBB7" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="7A63BE0F4EDB3D5288366B23F1309008">1947</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0651506059FBE9E7043B20BC4117649A">1986</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="038B7099E4DE9A510228D44C79659B5E">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930902993708</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6FD25D681CF3376EF7D0C57714309BBA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B5ADA57EBCA3FED88D8D8034AD78D2DA" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930902993708</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DC49788991B3ADDE2B1DCED2DFC26B36" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FB4A76356D1D6514FD90A4A703D7FCA7" type="Zenodo-Dep">5216855</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03849746FFE58304FEC5B628FC38BEA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5217166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5217166" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03849746FFE58304FEC5B628FC38BEA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03849746FFE58304FEC5B628FC38BEA9" lastPageNumber="1958" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">
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<subSubSection id="C33775DBFFE58304FEC5B628FC8CBA49" box="[362,884,279,303]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B922650FFE58304FEC5B628FC8CBA49" blockId="12.[362,884,279,303]" box="[362,884,279,303]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">
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<heading id="D0DA913CFFE58304FEC5B628FC8CBA49" box="[362,884,279,303]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" reason="7">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FE6DB628FC8CBA49" ID-CoL="7NKKX" authority="Michaelsen, 1904" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[450,884,279,303]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B959FA42FFE58304FE6DB628FD53BA49" bold="true" box="[450,683,279,303]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">POLYCITORIDAE</emphasis>
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Michaelsen, 1904
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33775DBFFE58304FF3FB667FC38BEA9" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B922650FFE58304FF3FB667FDDBBA09" blockId="12.[144,547,343,368]" box="[144,547,343,368]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">
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<typeStatus id="549698F2FFE58304FF3FB667FF32BA16" box="[144,202,344,368]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">Type</typeStatus>
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genus:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FEB1B668FDE7BA09" authority="Renier, 1804" authorityName="Renier" authorityYear="1804" box="[286,543,343,367]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B959FA42FFE58304FEB1B668FE7DBA09" box="[286,389,343,367]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">Polycitor</emphasis>
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Renier, 1804
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B922650FFE58304FF3FB6A8FBD0B8A9" blockId="12.[144,1105,407,1487]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">
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Species in this family can be distinguished by their long abdominal region (many times the length of the thorax) and by the position of the stomach (near the posterior end of the abdomen in the pole of the gut loop). Even when the length of the abdomen is reduced by contraction, the convolutions of the rectum and oesophagus crowded in it give an indication of its length in the relaxed zooid. Other unique features of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FCC4B528FC03B949" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[875,1019,535,559]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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include the conspicuously muscular zooids with an almost continuous internal coat of circular muscles on the thorax and separate longitudinal bands that continue along the whole length of the zooid. In the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FE05B548FDD0B9E9" authorityName="Seeliger" authorityYear="1906" box="[426,552,631,655]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Diazonidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FDF3B548FD1EB9E9" baseAuthorityName="Berrill" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[604,742,631,655]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Clavelinidae</taxonomicName>
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, families with zooids and colonies that superficially are similar to those of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FD25B5A8FCE5B9C9" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[650,797,663,687]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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, the muscles referred to as “transverse” actually are branches or curved terminal ends of the longitudinal bands. Zooids in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FE8AB5E8FE4EB989" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[293,438,727,751]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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usually are embedded in relatively tough test, often with sand and other inclusions. Often (but not always) the zooids, while maintaining their separate independent openings to the exterior, are arranged in circles (their excurrent openings in the centre of the circle) forming rudimentary common cloacal systems (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC5BA1FFE58304FC36B408FBF5B829" author="Kott P" box="[921,1037,823,847]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" pagination="267 - 298" refId="ref20974" refString="Kott P. 1990. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Mem Qld Mus. 29: 267 - 298." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott 1990</bibRefCitation>
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). Like
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FF3FB468FEE9B809" authorityName="Seeliger" authorityYear="1906" box="[144,273,855,879]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Diazonidae</taxonomicName>
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, the separate branchial and atrial apertures of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FCB6B468FC52B809" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[793,938,855,879]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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have six-lobed openings (different from the smooth-rimmed apertures of clavelinids). Also, like the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FBB0B448FF10B8C9" authorityName="Seeliger" authorityYear="1906" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Diazonidae</taxonomicName>
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, replication in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FE6AB4A8FDAEB8C9" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[453,598,919,943]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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is by strobilation of the abdomen, while in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FF3FB488FEEFB8A9" baseAuthorityName="Berrill" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[144,279,951,975]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Clavelinidae</taxonomicName>
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vegetative buds form in the ectodermal terminal ampullae of test vessels.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B922650FFE58304FF15B4E8FC64BFD6" blockId="12.[144,1105,407,1487]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">
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Gonads are in the pole of the gut loop (as they are in all aplousobranch taxa that lack a posterior abdomen). Unique to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FDF2B4C8FD09BF69" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[605,753,1015,1039]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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(but not reported for all known species), is the fertilization of eggs in the base of the abdomen and their incubation as they move up the oviduct into the atrial cavity. Also, with some exceptions (as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FC5BB308FF34BF09" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1930" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Policitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="circes">
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<emphasis id="B959FA42FFE58304FC5BB308FF34BF09" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">Policitor circes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in which they are triradially arranged) the adhesive organs in the larvae of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FF3FB348FED9BFE9" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[144,289,1143,1167]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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are usually in an antero-median row distinguishing them from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FC5FB348FF4FBFC9" authorityName="Seeliger" authorityYear="1906" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Diazonidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FF43B3A8FE81BFC9" baseAuthorityName="Berrill" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[236,377,1175,1199]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Clavelinidae</taxonomicName>
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, which have triradially arranged adhesive organs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B922650FFE58304FF15B388FBEABE69" blockId="12.[144,1105,407,1487]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">
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The lack of a posterior abdomen and the presence of the gonads in the posterior end of the long gut loop distinguish the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FDD6B3E8FCE8BF89" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[633,784,1239,1263]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polycitoridae</taxonomicName>
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from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FC21B3E8FBE1BF89" authorityName="Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1841" box="[910,1049,1239,1263]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polyclinidae</taxonomicName>
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and related families which often have bulky colonies and sand embedded in the test.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B922650FFE58304FF15B228FC38BEA9" blockId="12.[144,1105,407,1487]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">
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The most speciose genus in the family is
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FD28B228FD05BE49" authorityName="Caullery" authorityYear="1909" box="[647,765,1303,1327]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B959FA42FFE58304FD28B228FD05BE49" box="[647,765,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">Eudistoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which has relatively uniform zooids, but is distinguished from the less diverse but often reported genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FC46B207FBA8BE36" authorityName="Renier" authorityYear="1804" box="[1001,1104,1336,1360]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B959FA42FFE58304FC46B207FBA8BE36" box="[1001,1104,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">Polycitor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having only three rows of stigmata, more sand and other inclusions in the common test and usually smaller zooids and larvae. Other genera,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FC25B247FBE0BEF6" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1924" box="[906,1048,1400,1424]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B959FA42FFE58304FC25B247FBE0BEF6" box="[906,1048,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">Polycitorella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FF3FB2A7FEF2BED6" authorityName="Drasche" authorityYear="1884" box="[144,266,1432,1456]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Cystodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B959FA42FFE58304FF3FB2A7FEF2BED6" box="[144,266,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958">Cystodytes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both very contractile, distinguished by their calcareous spicules that resemble those of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2D5DD3FFE58304FE2AB288FDEBBEA9" authorityName="Giard" authorityYear="1872" box="[389,531,1463,1487]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Didemnidae</taxonomicName>
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, are not represented in this collection.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |